Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Uterine Prolapse: Stages, Symptoms, Treatment & Surgery

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/16030-uterine-prolapse

  Uterine prolapse can be mild or severe depending on how weak the supporting muscles of your uterus have become. […] Your healthcare provider will perform a pelvic examination to determine if your uterus has lowered from its normal position. During a pelvic exam, your healthcare provider inserts a speculum (an instrument that lets them see inside your vagina) and examines your vagina and uterus. Your provider will feel for any bulges caused by your uterus dropping down into your vaginal canal. […] There are surgical and nonsurgical options for treating uterine prolapse. Your healthcare provider will pick your treatment path based on the severity of your prolapse, your general health, age and whether or not you want children in the future. Treatment is generally effective for most people. […] Uterine prolapse can affect other organs in the pelvic area of your body (like your bladder and rectum). Healthcare providers typically recommend treatment when uterine prolapse becomes bothersome.

• #1 Uterine Prolapse: Stages, Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment,

  https://www.webmd.com/women/prolapsed-uterus

  Uterine prolapse diagnosis involves a pelvic exam where the provider will insert a device called a speculum to gently open your vaginal walls and look at your vagina and cervix. […] To confirm a prolapsed uterus, you’ll need a pelvic exam. During the exam, the provider will feel for any bulges caused by your uterus moving into the vagina. […] If you suspect you might have a prolapsed uterus, your doctor will ask you questions about your symptoms and may have you fill out a questionnaire to get more details about how the symptoms are affecting your life. […] If you have severe difficulty emptying your bladder or urinary incontinence, you might get additional tests to look at how your bladder holds and empties urine. […] You might also get an MRI exam so your doctor can get a more detailed look at your pelvic organs and kidneys.

• #1 Uterine prolapse – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/uterine-prolapse/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20353464

  A diagnosis of uterine prolapse often occurs during a pelvic exam. During the pelvic exam your health care provider may have you: […] You also might fill out a questionnaire. This helps your provider assess how uterine prolapse affects your life. This information helps guide treatment decisions. […] If you have severe urinary incontinence, you might have tests to measure how well your bladder works. This is called urodynamic testing. […] For uterine prolapse, you may see a doctor who specializes in conditions affecting the female reproductive system. This type of doctor is called a gynecologist. Or you may see a doctor who specializes in pelvic floor problems and reconstructive surgery. This type of doctor is called a urogynecologist. […] Don’t hesitate to ask other questions you have. […] Your provider is likely to ask you questions, including:

• #1 Uterine Prolapse: Risk Factors, Symptoms, and Diagnosis

  https://www.healthline.com/health/uterine-prolapse

  Uterine prolapse occurs when the uterus sags or slips from its normal position and into the vagina (birth canal). […] Your doctor can diagnose uterine prolapse by evaluating your symptoms and performing a pelvic exam. During this exam, your doctor will insert a device called a speculum that allows them to see inside of the vagina and examine the vaginal canal and uterus. […] Your doctor may ask you to bear down as if you’re having a bowel movement to determine the degree of prolapse.

• #1 Uterine Prolapse – Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment | MedPark Hospital

  https://www.medparkhospital.com/en-US/disease-and-treatment/uterine-prolapse

  Uterine prolapse is a common condition as women age. […] If you feel something bulges or comes out of your vagina, urination or defecation becomes painful, or you experience chronic low back pain or pelvic pressure, consult your doctor for a proper diagnosis and treatment before other organs are affected. […] Pelvic exam: to check the position of your uterus. The doctor will place a speculum to see inside your vagina. Your doctor will feel any bulges in your vaginal canal. You may be asked to cough or strain like you are holding your urine to evaluate the degree of your pelvic muscles weakness.

• #1 Uterine and Apical Prolapse – Gynecology and Obstetrics – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/gynecology-and-obstetrics/pelvic-organ-prolapse-pop/uterine-and-apical-prolapse

  Uterine prolapse is descent of the uterus toward or past the introitus. […] Diagnosis of uterine or vaginal apical prolapse is made with pelvic examination speculum and bimanual pelvic examination with the patient at rest and then with the patient straining. […] Diagnose uterine or vaginal apical prolapse with speculum and bimanual pelvic examination with the patient at rest and then with the patient straining.

• #1 Vaginal Prolapse: Symptoms, Treatment, Causes, and More

  https://www.healthline.com/health/womens-health/vaginal-prolapse

  Vaginal prolapse can be diagnosed through a pelvic exam. During the exam, your doctor might ask you to bear down as if you’re trying to push out a bowel movement. […] Your doctor might also ask you to tighten and release the muscles you’d use to stop and start the flow of urine. This test checks the strength of the muscles that support your vagina, uterus, and other pelvic organs. […] If you have problems urinating, you may have tests to check your bladder function. This is called urodynamic testing. […] Uroflowmetry measures the amount and strength of your urine stream. […] Cystometrogram determines how full your bladder needs to get before you have to go to the bathroom. […] Your doctor might also do one or more of these imaging tests to look for problems with your pelvic organs:

• #1 Predictive Model for the Diagnosis of Uterine Prolapse Based on Transperineal Ultrasound

  https://www.mdpi.com/2379-139X/8/4/144

  We want to describe a model that allows the use of transperineal ultrasound to define the probability of experiencing uterine prolapse (UP). […] The diagnosis of POP of the central compartment is based on clinical examination using the International Continence Society Pelvic Organ Prolapse Quantification system (ICS POP-Q). […] Therefore, imaging tests have become increasingly important in the diagnosis of POP in this compartment. […] Transperineal ultrasound studies have shown that a difference in the pubis–uterine fundus distance at rest and with the Valsalva maneuver of ≥15 mm can diagnose UP with a sensitivity of 75% (95% CI, 64–86%), a specificity of 95% (95% CI, 89–100%), a positive predictive value of 86% (95% CI, 78–95%) and a negative predictive value of 89% (95% CI, 82–97%). […] We designed a model based on the difference in the pubis–uterine fundus distance at rest and with the Valsalva maneuver and the age of the patient that can predict 96.7% of patients with UP.

• #1 How Severe is your Prolapse? What your Prolapse Diagnosis Means

  https://www.pelvicexercises.com.au/prolapse-diagnosis/?srsltid=AfmBOooL8fA_OuyiV7ykDDhi_M5eNyjvn9w_Qe_jJ3eaaYWP1Ny5kIe5

  How severe is your prolapse diagnosis? Prolapse diagnosis […] Your doctor may have given you a prolapse diagnosis of mild, moderate or severe prolapse. […] An accurate prolapse diagnosis must fully reproduce the full extent of the downward movement of your prolapse during your internal examination. […] The POP-Q or Pelvic Organ Quantification is the internationally recommended prolapse classification system that was introduced to improve the accuracy of measuring prolapse severity. […] If your gynaecologist has used POP-Q to measure, he or she will classify your prolapse as follows: Stage 0 no prolapse is demonstrated during your examination, Stage 1 the lowest part of your prolapse is more than 1 cm above your hymenal ring, Stage 2 the lowest part of your prolapse is within 1 cm either side of your hymenal ring, Stage 3 the lowest part of the prolapse is more than 1 cm below the hymen but the vagina has not completely prolapsed, Stage 4 the vagina is completely prolapsed outwards.

• #1 How Severe is your Prolapse? What your Prolapse Diagnosis Means

  https://www.pelvicexercises.com.au/prolapse-diagnosis/?srsltid=AfmBOooL8fA_OuyiV7ykDDhi_M5eNyjvn9w_Qe_jJ3eaaYWP1Ny5kIe5

  Some gynaecologists still diagnose a uterine prolapse as first, second or third degree in severity. […] Understanding your Uterine Prolapse Diagnosis: First degree uterine prolapse the cervix moves down inside the vagina, Second degree uterine prolapse the cervix moves though the opening of the vagina with straining, Third degree uterine prolapse the uterus moves out of the vagina. […] A lack of research means that it is currently unknown whether women with more severe prolapse diagnosis can reverse prolapse symptoms and severity with exercises.

• #1 Pelvic Organ Prolapse: Diagnosis and Treatment | Banner

  https://www.bannerhealth.com/services/womens/urology-health/pelvic-organ-prolapse/diagnosis-and-treatment

  Your health care provider may take several steps to diagnose pelvic organ prolapse. They will start by taking your medical history, asking about your symptoms, pregnancies, childbirth and other risk factors. […] They will examine you to determine the position of your pelvic organs and identify signs of prolapse. They may ask you to bear down or strain to evaluate how severe prolapse is and how strong your pelvic floor muscles are. […] Your provider may perform the pelvic organ prolapse quantification exam (POP-Q). This test is a specific way to measure how severe POP is. It involves measuring points along the wall of the vagina and the pelvic organs with instruments. […] Results are on a scale of 0 (the organs haven’t moved) to 4 (an organ bulges outside your body). The results help guide treatment decisions and monitor how your condition is changing over time. […] Your provider may also recommend bladder function tests and imaging tests such as ultrasound or MRI to better visualize the position of the pelvic organs.

• #1 Pelvic organ prolapse – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/pelvic-organ-prolapse/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20562951

  Diagnosis of pelvic organ prolapse begins with a medical history and an exam of the pelvic organs. This can help your healthcare professional find the type of prolapse you may have. […] Some tests also might be needed. Tests for pelvic organ prolapse can include: […] Imaging, such as MRI or ultrasound, might be used for people whose pelvic organ prolapse is complex. […] For uterine prolapse, you may see a specialist in conditions affecting the female reproductive system. This type of doctor is called a gynecologist. Or you may see a specialist in pelvic floor problems and reconstructive surgery. This type of doctor is called a urogynecologist. […] Prolapse surgery only repairs the tissue bulge. If the bulge doesn’t bother you, surgery isn’t needed. Surgery doesn’t repair the weakened tissues. So the prolapse might come back.

• #1 Uterine prolapse

  https://www.mymlc.com/health-information/diseases-and-conditions/u/uterine-prolapse2/?section=Diagnosis

  Uterine prolapse occurs when pelvic floor muscles and ligaments stretch and weaken and no longer provide enough support for the uterus. As a result, the uterus slips down into or protrudes out of the vagina. […] A diagnosis of uterine prolapse generally occurs during a pelvic exam. […] During the pelvic exam your doctor is likely to ask you: To bear down as if having a bowel movement. Bearing down can help your doctor assess how far the uterus has slipped into the vagina. […] You might fill out a questionnaire that helps your doctor assess how uterine prolapse affects your quality of life. This information helps guide treatment decisions. […] If you have severe incontinence, your doctor might recommend tests to measure how well your bladder functions (urodynamic testing).

• #1 Uterine Prolapse: Definition, Symptoms Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/uterine-prolapse-7106419

  Although only about 3% of people will experience symptoms, proper health screening is important for the early detection, diagnosis, and treatment of uterine prolapse. […] About 50% of people with a uterus will be diagnosed with some degree of uterine prolapse upon physical exam; only 3% of those will have symptoms. A healthcare provider will use a speculum to visualize the inside of the vagina. They will also assess for infection. If no bulge is seen, they may ask to examine you in the standing position. […] Other tests may include: Rectal exam: Evaluates sphincter tone […] Urinalysis: Checks for a urinary tract infection (UTI) […] Bladder scanner: Estimates the amount of urine in your bladder after voiding (peeing).

• #1 Diagnosis – Voices for PFD

  https://www.voicesforpfd.org/pelvic-organ-prolapse/diagnosis/

  POP is typically diagnosed by a simple pelvic exam as part of a complete physical exam. Your doctor may use a: […] During the initial appointment, your doctor will try to determine the severity of the prolapse based on discussion of symptoms and impact on your life and activities. […] In addition, other exams or studies may help your doctor assess symptoms associated with prolapse: […] CT Scan of Abdomen and Pelvis: Radiologic study that helps rule out other medical conditions that may have similar symptoms to prolapse […] Urodynamics: Bladder function study that assesses urinary incontinence or difficulty with urinating. […] Cystoscopy: Procedure that uses a camera to look into the bladder for any anatomical abnormalities that could be contributing to urinary symptoms. […] Defecography: Radiologic study to look at prolapse symptoms associated with bowel function. […] Pelvic Ultrasound: Radiologic study that looks at reproductive organs, bladder, or muscles of the pelvic floor. […] Pelvic Floor MRI: Radiologic study that assesses the muscles, organs, and support of the pelvic floor and helps to evaluate how the pelvic floor functions with straining.

• #1 Diagnosing Pelvic Organ Prolapse | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/pelvic-organ-prolapse/diagnosis

  Pelvic organ prolapse occurs when the ligaments and muscles that support the pelvis weaken or stretch, causing one or more pelvic organs or structures to drop out of position, or prolapse, and press against the vagina. […] To diagnose pelvic organ prolapse, an NYU Langone doctor takes a medical history and performs a routine pelvic exam. He or she may then repeat the pelvic exam while you’re standing. Sometimes this is all that’s needed to determine if an organ has fallen out of place, and, if so, which one. Other tests may be done to determine if more than one organ has slipped out of place, to assess the degree of the prolapse, and to check for urinary conditions, such as incontinence, that can be caused by prolapse. […] Your doctor may order a dynamic pelvic MRI scan, which uses magnetic waves to create images of the pelvis, to confirm the diagnosis and determine the extent of the prolapse. Dynamic pelvic MRI allows doctors to see detailed, three-dimensional images of the organs and pelvic floor muscles, which can help them to decide if surgery is needed. […] If the prolapse is causing incontinence, which is the involuntary leaking of urine, urodynamic tests may be used to determine the cause.

• #1 Pelvic Prolapse Imaging – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK551513/

  Pelvic floor prolapse is most often clinically diagnosed through physical exams and medical history. […] Imaging plays a limited role in evaluating mild cases of pelvic prolapse that involve a single pelvic compartment and organ. Nonetheless, translabial ultrasound and dynamic pelvic MRI (MR defecography) serve as valuable tools in diagnosing pelvic prolapse in complex cases involving multiple compartments and multiple pelvic organs. […] The article will discuss translabial ultrasound and dynamic pelvic MRI in the evaluation of pelvic prolapse. […] Pelvic prolapse is a common condition affecting approximately 50% of parous women above 50. […] Pelvic prolapse is a clinical diagnosis. However, the dynamic MRI and translabial ultrasound are valuable tools for complicated multicompartment pelvic prolapse when the physical examination is often difficult.

• #1 2D ultrasound diagnosis of middle compartment prolapse: a multicenter study – García-Mejido – Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and Surgery

  https://qims.amegroups.org/article/view/82454/html

  Recently, a specific methodology has been defined, using transperineal ultrasound, for the differential diagnosis of middle compartment prolapse [uterine prolapse (UP) or cervical elongation (CE) without UP] based on the difference in the pubis-uterine fundus distance at rest and with the Valsalva maneuver, with a cutoff point of 15 mm. […] The objective of this study was to validate the diagnostic utility of a 15 mm difference between the pubis-uterine fundus distance at rest and during the Valsalva maneuver to define UP in a multicenter study. […] We defined UP detected using UP as a difference of 15 mm between the pubis-uterine fundus distance at rest and with the Valsalva maneuver. […] The ultrasound diagnosis of global UP at the three centers showed very good agreement, with a kappa index of 0.826 (0.71, 0.94).

• #1 Diagnosis and management of pelvic organ prolapse: The basics – Women’s Healthcare

  https://www.npwomenshealthcare.com/diagnosis-management-pelvic-organ-prolapse-basics/

  Differential diagnoses to consider when assessing a woman for POP include adnexal, uterine, and other genital tract masses that may cause symptoms similar to those of POP; and urinary tract infection (UTI). […] Treatment for POP is based on severity of the prolapse and the patients preferences, health, and symptoms. […] If POP is grade 2 or lower, PFM strengthening, including Kegel exercises, can improve symptoms of pelvic pain, vaginal pressure or bulging, and SUI. […] The pessary, a flexible plastic or medical-grade silicone device that comes in a variety of sizes and shapes, can be used to treat any grade of POP. […] Surgery is an option for a woman whose symptoms are adversely affecting her quality of life. […] If conservative management is desired and the grade of POP is 2 or lower, HCPs should counsel patients with regard to performing Kegel exercises and on behavior modification strategies, which include weight loss; smoking cessation; and avoidance of straining with bowel movements, prolonged standing, lifting, and exercise involving jumping. […] Need for referral depends on the plan for POP management and the HCPs skills in diagnosing and managing the condition.

• #1 Prolapse of Uterus Diagnosis

  https://www.medindia.net/health/conditions/prolapse-of-uterus-diagnosis.htm

  A pelvic examination (with the woman bending down) reveals protrusion of the cervix into the lower part of the vagina (mild prolapse), upto the vaginal opening (moderate prolapse), or protrusion of the entire uterus outside the vaginal opening (severe prolapse). […] These signs are often accompanied by protrusion of the bladder and front wall of the vagina (cystocele) or rectum and back wall of the vagina (rectocele) into the vaginal space. […] In rare cases a mass may be noted on pelvic exam if a tumor is the cause of the prolapse.

• #1 Pelvic organ prolapse – a review

  https://www.racgp.org.au/afp/2015/july/pelvic-organ-prolapse-a-review

  FPOP is assessed on Valsalva, for the anterior vaginal wall in front, cervix or vault (after hysterectomy) in the middle, and posterior vaginal wall in the back. The most popular method is the Prolapse Quantification System (POP-Q) of the International Continence Society. […] Levator avulsion can be diagnosed by palpation during pelvic floor muscle contraction. […] Imaging is usually required for a formal diagnosis, and tomographic three- or four-dimensional (3D/4D) pelvic floor ultrasonography is becoming the diagnostic standard. […] Referral to a gynaecologist or urogynaecologist is indicated if conservative treatment fails, there are voiding problems or obstructed defaecation, there is recurrent prolapse after reconstructive surgery, there is ulceration or the prolapse is irreducible, or the patient prefers surgical treatment.

• #1 Pelvic Organ Prolapse | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2017/0801/p179.html

  Women with pelvic organ prolapse may elect for observation, pelvic floor muscle training, pessary use, or surgery. […] Most cases of pelvic organ prolapse do not require treatment; however, women with prolapse beyond the vaginal opening typically desire some intervention. […] Pessaries are devices that are placed in the vagina to restore normal pelvic anatomy and decrease prolapse symptoms. […] More than 85% of patients who choose treatment with a pessary are successfully fit with one. […] Primary care physicians should feel comfortable with screening for prolapse, performing a basic evaluation, and, depending on training, pessary management. […] Obliterative and reconstructive surgeries for pelvic organ prolapse are available and may include hysterectomy or uterine conservation (hysteropexy).

• #1 How Pelvic Floor Prolapse Is Diagnosed: What to Expect and When to See a Doctor – Desert Sky Urology

  https://desertskyurology.com/blog/how-pelvic-organ-prolapse-is-diagnosed-what-to-expect-and-when-to-see-a-doctor/

  This hands-on exam gives doctors valuable information about which organs are affected and how severe the prolapse may be. […] In some cases, imaging is used to confirm the diagnosis or rule out other conditions. The most common tests include: Ultrasound, MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging), Urodynamic testing. […] Some providers will assess how well your pelvic muscles are working. They may insert a small sensor into the vagina or rectum to measure muscle strength. […] If your symptoms are more advanced or haven’t improved with initial treatment, your provider may recommend seeing a specialist with experience in pelvic health. […] Catching pelvic organ prolapse early can make a big difference. In mild cases, lifestyle changes and pelvic floor exercises (like Kegels) might be enough to prevent the condition from progressing. More advanced prolapse may require a pessary (a device worn inside the vagina) or surgery, but even then, early planning can improve outcomes. […] Diagnosis is a straightforward process that usually begins with a conversation and a simple physical exam. From there, your doctor can help you figure out the best next steps based on your specific needs.

• #1 Prolapsed uterus – symptoms and treatment | healthdirect

  https://www.healthdirect.gov.au/prolapsed-uterus

  A prolapsed uterus is when your uterus (womb) comes out of place and slowly drops down towards the opening of your vagina. […] Your doctor will ask about your symptoms and your health in general. They will examine you and may ask if they can do an internal vaginal examination. […] How is a prolapsed uterus diagnosed? […] You may also be asked to have some tests, like: an ultrasound scan, a urine test, urodynamic studies (to check your bladder function). […] Doctors use a grading system to describe how much of the uterus is pushed down into your vagina. […] Your treatment will depend on the type and extent of the prolapse, and how much it affects your daily life. […] Treatment options can include: lifestyle measures, pelvic floor muscle exercises, vaginal pessaries, oestrogen replacement (if appropriate), surgery. […] Without treatment, your symptoms are likely to get worse.

• #1 Major Impact of Uterine Prolapse: Its Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment Options

  https://www.jbcrs.org/articles/major-impact-of-uterine-prolapse-its-symptoms-diagnosis-and-treatment-options-12388.html

  Uterine prolapse is the protrusion of the uterus from its normal anatomical place into the vaginal canal, via the hymen. This is a result of the surrounding support structures becoming less strong. One of the many ailments grouped under the common term of pelvic organ prolapse is uterine prolapse. This activity describes the role of healthcare professionals in diagnosing and treating patients with uterine prolapse, as well as its genesis, examination, and treatment. […] Uterine prolapse is a medical condition that affects a significant number of women worldwide. It occurs when the pelvic floor muscles and ligaments that support the uterus weaken, allowing the uterus to descend into or protrude from the vagina. Uterine prolapse can have a significant impact on a womans quality of life, causing discomfort, pain, and a variety of other symptoms. […] A healthcare provider can diagnose uterine prolapse through a pelvic examination, during which the degree of prolapse can be assessed. […] It is important for women experiencing symptoms of uterine prolapse to seek medical advice to discuss their options and find the most suitable treatment plan.

• #2 Uterine Prolapse: Definition, Symptoms Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/uterine-prolapse-7106419

  Although only about 3% of people will experience symptoms, proper health screening is important for the early detection, diagnosis, and treatment of uterine prolapse. […] About 50% of people with a uterus will be diagnosed with some degree of uterine prolapse upon physical exam; only 3% of those will have symptoms. A healthcare provider will use a speculum to visualize the inside of the vagina. They will also assess for infection. If no bulge is seen, they may ask to examine you in the standing position. […] Other tests may include: Rectal exam: Evaluates sphincter tone […] Urinalysis: Checks for a urinary tract infection (UTI) […] Bladder scanner: Estimates the amount of urine in your bladder after voiding (peeing).

• #2 Diagnosis and management of pelvic organ prolapse: The basics – Women’s Healthcare

  https://www.npwomenshealthcare.com/diagnosis-management-pelvic-organ-prolapse-basics/

  Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is a prevalent condition that can cause uncomfortable sensations of vaginal bulging, painful intercourse, and even stress urinary incontinence. This article presents a simple, evidence-based approach to diagnosing and managing POP that womens healthcare providers can implement. […] The healthcare provider (HCP) must take a thorough history regarding these symptoms, as well as a detailed gynecologic, obstetric, sexual, and surgical history, to determine contributing factors. […] Because many patients have more than one type of prolapse, the HCP needs to examine each area of potential involvement within the vaginal vault separately. Performing each component of the pelvic exam with an individual focus results in greater accuracy of diagnosis. […] Various grading systems are available to determine the severity of POP based on physical examination. In this article, the authors use the Baden-Walker Halfway Scoring System, which assigns these gradations of severity: Grade 0: no prolapse; Grade 1: the lowest part of protrusion extends halfway to the hymen; Grade 2: the lowest part of protrusion extends to the hymen; Grade 3: the lowest part of protrusion extends halfway past the hymen; or Grade 4: the greatest degree of protrusion is observed.

• #2 Uterine Prolapse | Diagnosis and Treatment | Des Moines, IA

  https://www.westdesmoinesobgyn.com/what-is-uterine-prolapse-and-how-is-it-treated/

  Uterine prolapse occurs when the muscles and ligaments in the pelvis weaken to the point that they no longer provide support for the uterus. […] If you think uterine or pelvic organ prolapse is causing you discomfort and interfering with your life, you’ll want to visit with your OBGYN. Let them know about the symptoms you’re experiencing and expect to receive a pelvic exam. In the pelvic exam, the physician will insert a speculum into the vagina so the vaginal canal and uterus can be examined. The doctor may ask you to bear down in order to evaluate the severity of the prolapse. Your exam may also involve a catheter to check or bladder function. […] Mild cases of uterine prolapse may not require intervention, but some simple preventive treatments could help avoid a more serious issue. One thing you can do to strengthen the pelvic floor is to perform Kegel exercises. These simple exercises can be done when the bladder is empty by clenching and releasing the pelvic floor muscles for 10 seconds at a time.

• #2 Pelvic Organ Prolapse: Diagnosis and Treatment | Banner

  https://www.bannerhealth.com/services/womens/urology-health/pelvic-organ-prolapse/diagnosis-and-treatment

  Your health care provider may take several steps to diagnose pelvic organ prolapse. They will start by taking your medical history, asking about your symptoms, pregnancies, childbirth and other risk factors. […] They will examine you to determine the position of your pelvic organs and identify signs of prolapse. They may ask you to bear down or strain to evaluate how severe prolapse is and how strong your pelvic floor muscles are. […] Your provider may perform the pelvic organ prolapse quantification exam (POP-Q). This test is a specific way to measure how severe POP is. It involves measuring points along the wall of the vagina and the pelvic organs with instruments. […] Results are on a scale of 0 (the organs haven’t moved) to 4 (an organ bulges outside your body). The results help guide treatment decisions and monitor how your condition is changing over time. […] Your provider may also recommend bladder function tests and imaging tests such as ultrasound or MRI to better visualize the position of the pelvic organs.

• #2 Diagnosis and management of pelvic organ prolapse: The basics – Women’s Healthcare

  https://www.npwomenshealthcare.com/diagnosis-management-pelvic-organ-prolapse-basics/

  Differential diagnoses to consider when assessing a woman for POP include adnexal, uterine, and other genital tract masses that may cause symptoms similar to those of POP; and urinary tract infection (UTI). […] Treatment for POP is based on severity of the prolapse and the patients preferences, health, and symptoms. […] If POP is grade 2 or lower, PFM strengthening, including Kegel exercises, can improve symptoms of pelvic pain, vaginal pressure or bulging, and SUI. […] The pessary, a flexible plastic or medical-grade silicone device that comes in a variety of sizes and shapes, can be used to treat any grade of POP. […] Surgery is an option for a woman whose symptoms are adversely affecting her quality of life. […] If conservative management is desired and the grade of POP is 2 or lower, HCPs should counsel patients with regard to performing Kegel exercises and on behavior modification strategies, which include weight loss; smoking cessation; and avoidance of straining with bowel movements, prolonged standing, lifting, and exercise involving jumping. […] Need for referral depends on the plan for POP management and the HCPs skills in diagnosing and managing the condition.

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