Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Metatarsalgia | NHS Lanarkshire

  https://www.nhslanarkshire.scot.nhs.uk/services/podiatry/metatarsalgia/

  Metatarsalgia or ball of the foot pain is very common and will affect around 80% of the population at some point in their life. It is made up of a group of conditions that can cause pain and inflammation around the bones and joints in the ball of the foot. Finding comfortable footwear can be difficult. […] You may experience any or all of the following: A sharp, stabbing, burning or tingling sensation affecting the ball of the foot and into the toes, Pain that increases with weight bearing activity and improves with rest, Sensation of walking on a `pebble or `lump, Increased pain when walking barefoot, especially on a hard surface. The most common cause of pain in the ball of the foot is from a sudden increase in pressure or activity resulting in micro trauma and inflammation. […] Thinning of the fat pad can lead to reduced shock absorption, making the foot more vulnerable to repetitive micro-trauma and developing inflammation, bruising, swelling and pain.

• #2 How to Treat Pain in the Ball of the Foot from Metatarsalgia

  https://ankleandfootcenters.com/pain-in-the-ball-of-the-foot/

  Do you experience pain in the ball of your foot? It could be metatarsalgia. This condition affects the metatarsal area and causes discomfort, especially during walking or running. Foot pain like this can make daily tasks difficult and reduce your quality of life. […] Metatarsalgia is a condition that causes pain and inflammation in the ball of the foot. Typically, this discomfort occurs under the metatarsal bones, which connect the toes to the rest of the foot. People with metatarsalgia often describe the pain as sharp, burning, or aching. […] The symptoms of metatarsalgia may include: Pain in the ball of the foot that worsens with activity. Tingling or numbness in the toes. A feeling of walking on a pebble or a bruise. […] If left untreated, metatarsalgia can significantly affect mobility and quality of life. Therefore, consulting a podiatrist early can help identify the cause and provide relief through targeted treatments.

• #3 Metatarsalgia – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/metatarsalgia/symptoms-causes/syc-20354790

  Metatarsalgia (met-uh-tahr-SAL-juh) is a condition in which the ball of the foot becomes painful and irritated. […] Symptoms of metatarsalgia can include: […] Sharp, aching or burning pain in the ball of the foot. The ball is the part of the sole just behind the toes. […] Pain that gets worse with standing, running, flexing the feet or walking. Doing any of these barefoot on a hard surface makes the pain worse. The pain gets better with rest. […] Not all foot problems need medical care. Sometimes feet ache after a long day of standing or a hard workout. But it’s best to act on foot pain that lasts more than a few days. Talk to your health care professional if you have a burning pain in the ball of your foot that doesn’t improve after changing your shoes and your activities. […] Left untreated, metatarsalgia might lead to pain in other parts of the same foot or in the other foot. Limping because of the foot pain of metatarsalgia also can cause pain in other parts of the body, such as the low back or hip.

• #4 Foot Pain Conditions, Causes, Symptoms, Treatments | HSS

  https://www.hss.edu/condition-list_foot-pain-causes.asp

  Pain in the ball of your foot can stem from any one of these conditions: […] Morton’s neuroma is a benign growth of nerve tissue usually located between the third and fourth metatarsal heads, can cause pain in the ball of the foot. […] Metatarsalgia is a broad term that refers to pain under the metatarsophalangeal (MTP) joints (where the metatarsal bones meet the phalanges or toe bones), which can arise from various conditions. […] Bunions are bony bumps that form on the joint at the base of your big toe, sometimes cause pain in the ball of the foot as a result of the big toe’s poor alignment as increased force is transferred under the adjacent bones. This is a common cause of metatarsalgia.

• #5 Ball of Foot Pain: Causes, Symptoms, and Relief

  https://www.healthline.com/health/ball-of-foot-pain

  Pain in the ball of your foot can occur with an injury or due to some health conditions, including arthritis and hammer toe. […] People with ball of foot pain experience an aching pain and inflammation in the padding directly below the toes, which is where we place the most pressure when standing and moving. […] The aching is usually present in the metatarsal heads the joint that is just under your toes. You may also experience a shooting pain, numbness, and immediate pain with flexing the toes. The aching may ease when you are off your feet and return when you resume your activities. […] Ball of foot pain occurs just below your toes. It can feel like: burning, aching pain, shooting pain, numbness or tingling in your toes, having a small pebble in your shoe, immediate pain that gets worse when you run, walk, exercise, or otherwise flex your foot.

• #6 Symptoms and Conditions – Ball of Foot Pain – DrScholls

  https://www.drscholls.com/pages/symptoms-and-conditions-ball-of-foot-pain?srsltid=AfmBOormOVjXuphj_GhdlLO8br9QlkQQK_8H5tZjdAim9g84tJa9bNh3

  The ball of the foot is the portion of the foot between your arch and toes, where bones called your metatarsals are located. As you walk, your weight is transferred from your heel to the ball of your foot, and if the weight is unevenly transferred to the metatarsals and over the ball of your foot, pain and swelling of the area can occur. […] Pains associated with the ball of your foot can include: Sharp, burning, or aching pains; Pain that worsens when you are on your feet (standing, walking, or running) and gets better with rest; Sharp pain or unusual sensation in your toes. […] Ball of foot pain, also known as metatarsalgia, can also be caused by: Certain foot abnormalities, such as hammertoes, which can cause incorrect pressure distribution and abnormal pressure to the ball of the foot; Having high arches or having a second toe that’s longer than the big toe, which can put more weight on the ball of your foot; An increase in high-impact activities such as running, jumping, or long periods of standing; Arthritis or joint inflammation in your feet, such as with rheumatoid arthritis or osteoarthritis; Wearing shoes that don’t fit well or provide adequate support.

• #7 Metatarsalgia: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/metatarsalgia

  Metatarsalgia is a common overuse injury that causes pain and inflammation in the ball of your foot, which is between your arch and toes. […] The main symptom of metatarsalgia is pain at the end of one or more of your five metatarsal bones. Those are the bones in the ball of your foot, closest to your toes. Most often, the pain develops over several months, rather than suddenly. […] The pain can be: Sharp, Dull, Aching or burning, Worse when you walk or run. […] You might also feel tingling, numbness, or like you have a pebble in your shoe or you’re stepping on a rock. […] Metatarsalgia can lead to other problems if you don’t treat it, including: Pain in your opposite foot, Changes in the way you walk, including a limp, Pain in your lower back or hips. […] Most people recover from metatarsalgia with treatment. But you need to understand what caused it and take steps to keep it from coming back. […] Metatarsalgia is a common injury that causes pain and inflammation in the ball of your foot. Most often, the pain comes on over several months, rather than suddenly.

• #8 Metatarsalgia: Treatment, exercises, symptoms, and causes

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/190431

  Metatarsalgia involves pain in the ball of the foot. It stems from problems with the metatarsal bones. […] Metatarsal pain affects the ball of the foot and can: feel like walking on pebbles, feel like a burning, shooting, or sharp ache, be a general aching under the ball of the foot, occur under one or two metatarsal heads only or under all the metatarsal heads, range from mild to severe, often worsening when standing, walking, running, or flexing the toes, affect one or both feet, range from mild to severe, involve numbness or tingling in the toes, develop slowly or appear suddenly, especially if it results from a fracture or strain on the feet due to increased activity. […] The outlook will depend on the underlying cause of the pain.

• #9 Metatarsalgia: Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15890-metatarsalgia

  Metatarsalgia is pain and inflammation in the ball of your foot. The pain of metatarsalgia typically centers under one or more of the five bones at the bases of your toes, the metatarsal heads. Metatarsalgia can cause sharp, shooting, aching or burning pain in the ball of your foot. The main symptom of metatarsalgia is pain in the metatarsal area under the ball of your foot. The condition may or may not be accompanied by swelling or inflammation. Metatarsalgia symptoms can come on quickly or develop over time. They include: Pain in the ball of your foot. This can be sharp, shooting, aching or burning. The pain may get worse when you stand, run or walk. […] If you have metatarsalgia, you may have severe pain and inflammation in your foot. The pain may come on quickly or develop over time. […] With some basic measures, you should be able to treat metatarsalgia yourself and be on your way. If the pain continues after at-home treatment, you’ll want to see your healthcare provider for further evaluation.

• #10 Metatarsalgia – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/metatarsalgia/symptoms-causes/syc-20354790

  Metatarsalgia (met-uh-tahr-SAL-juh) is a condition in which the ball of the foot becomes painful and irritated. […] Symptoms of metatarsalgia can include: […] Sharp, aching or burning pain in the ball of the foot. The ball is the part of the sole just behind the toes. […] Pain that gets worse with standing, running, flexing the feet or walking. Doing any of these barefoot on a hard surface makes the pain worse. The pain gets better with rest. […] Not all foot problems need medical care. Sometimes feet ache after a long day of standing or a hard workout. But it’s best to act on foot pain that lasts more than a few days. Talk to your health care professional if you have a burning pain in the ball of your foot that doesn’t improve after changing your shoes and your activities. […] Left untreated, metatarsalgia might lead to pain in other parts of the same foot or in the other foot. Limping because of the foot pain of metatarsalgia also can cause pain in other parts of the body, such as the low back or hip.

• #11 Understanding and Treating Ball of Foot Pain

  https://ankleandfootcenters.com/ball-of-foot-pain/

  Ball of foot pain can be a hindrance in daily life, affecting mobility and comfort. Understanding its causes, symptoms, and treatment options can empower individuals to manage and alleviate their pain effectively. […] Common symptoms include sharp, aching, burning pain, numbness, tingling. And increased pain with activity. […] Symptoms of ball of foot pain include: Sharp, aching, or burning pain, Numbness, Tingling, Increased pain with activity. […] The pain associated with metatarsalgia, also known as metatarsal pain, fluctuates in intensity in response to changes in activity. […] Pain in Ball of Foot When RunningHigh-impact activities, such as running and jumping, can contribute to ball of foot pain by putting additional stress on the forefoot. […] Pain in the ball of the foot is often caused by exercise, poorly fitting shoes or conditions like arthritis. […] Common symptoms of ball of foot pain include sharp, aching or burning pain, numbness, tingling, and increased pain with activity. […] To prevent ball of foot pain, wear supportive shoes, stay within a healthy weight range, and avoid activities that put extra strain on the feet.

• #12 Symptoms and Conditions – Ball of Foot Pain – DrScholls

  https://www.drscholls.com/pages/symptoms-and-conditions-ball-of-foot-pain?srsltid=AfmBOormOVjXuphj_GhdlLO8br9QlkQQK_8H5tZjdAim9g84tJa9bNh3

  The ball of the foot is the portion of the foot between your arch and toes, where bones called your metatarsals are located. As you walk, your weight is transferred from your heel to the ball of your foot, and if the weight is unevenly transferred to the metatarsals and over the ball of your foot, pain and swelling of the area can occur. […] Pains associated with the ball of your foot can include: Sharp, burning, or aching pains; Pain that worsens when you are on your feet (standing, walking, or running) and gets better with rest; Sharp pain or unusual sensation in your toes. […] Ball of foot pain, also known as metatarsalgia, can also be caused by: Certain foot abnormalities, such as hammertoes, which can cause incorrect pressure distribution and abnormal pressure to the ball of the foot; Having high arches or having a second toe that’s longer than the big toe, which can put more weight on the ball of your foot; An increase in high-impact activities such as running, jumping, or long periods of standing; Arthritis or joint inflammation in your feet, such as with rheumatoid arthritis or osteoarthritis; Wearing shoes that don’t fit well or provide adequate support.

• #13 Metatarsalgia | NHS Lanarkshire

  https://www.nhslanarkshire.scot.nhs.uk/services/podiatry/metatarsalgia/

  Metatarsalgia or ball of the foot pain is very common and will affect around 80% of the population at some point in their life. It is made up of a group of conditions that can cause pain and inflammation around the bones and joints in the ball of the foot. Finding comfortable footwear can be difficult. […] You may experience any or all of the following: A sharp, stabbing, burning or tingling sensation affecting the ball of the foot and into the toes, Pain that increases with weight bearing activity and improves with rest, Sensation of walking on a `pebble or `lump, Increased pain when walking barefoot, especially on a hard surface. The most common cause of pain in the ball of the foot is from a sudden increase in pressure or activity resulting in micro trauma and inflammation. […] Thinning of the fat pad can lead to reduced shock absorption, making the foot more vulnerable to repetitive micro-trauma and developing inflammation, bruising, swelling and pain.

• #14 Metatarsalgia | Symptoms and Treatment | OrthoIndy Blog

  https://blog.orthoindy.com/2021/03/03/what-is-metatarsalgia-symptoms-and-treatment/

  According to WebMD, metatarsalgia, or ball of foot pain, is common in athletes who participate in sports that involve running and jumping. […] If you are experiencing pain in the ball of your foot, you may have a common overuse injury called metatarsalgia. When you develop metatarsalgia, the ball of your foot may be in pain and inflamed. […] “The main symptoms of metatarsalgia include pain under the ball of the foot that tends to be worse with weight-bearing and better when not weight-bearing on the feet,” Dr. Myer said. “This also tends to be worse on hard surfaces and in bare feet or shoes that are not well cushioned.” […] Some other common symptoms include: Sharp or shooting pain, numbness or tingling in your toes; Feeling like you have a pebble in your shoe; Pain worsens when you walk, run or jump.

• #15 Metatarsalgia: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/metatarsalgia

  Metatarsalgia is a common overuse injury that causes pain and inflammation in the ball of your foot, which is between your arch and toes. […] The main symptom of metatarsalgia is pain at the end of one or more of your five metatarsal bones. Those are the bones in the ball of your foot, closest to your toes. Most often, the pain develops over several months, rather than suddenly. […] The pain can be: Sharp, Dull, Aching or burning, Worse when you walk or run. […] You might also feel tingling, numbness, or like you have a pebble in your shoe or you’re stepping on a rock. […] Metatarsalgia can lead to other problems if you don’t treat it, including: Pain in your opposite foot, Changes in the way you walk, including a limp, Pain in your lower back or hips. […] Most people recover from metatarsalgia with treatment. But you need to understand what caused it and take steps to keep it from coming back. […] Metatarsalgia is a common injury that causes pain and inflammation in the ball of your foot. Most often, the pain comes on over several months, rather than suddenly.

• #16 Metatarsalgia – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/metatarsalgia/symptoms-causes/syc-20354790

  Metatarsalgia (met-uh-tahr-SAL-juh) is a condition in which the ball of the foot becomes painful and irritated. […] Symptoms of metatarsalgia can include: […] Sharp, aching or burning pain in the ball of the foot. The ball is the part of the sole just behind the toes. […] Pain that gets worse with standing, running, flexing the feet or walking. Doing any of these barefoot on a hard surface makes the pain worse. The pain gets better with rest. […] Not all foot problems need medical care. Sometimes feet ache after a long day of standing or a hard workout. But it’s best to act on foot pain that lasts more than a few days. Talk to your health care professional if you have a burning pain in the ball of your foot that doesn’t improve after changing your shoes and your activities. […] Left untreated, metatarsalgia might lead to pain in other parts of the same foot or in the other foot. Limping because of the foot pain of metatarsalgia also can cause pain in other parts of the body, such as the low back or hip.

• #17 What Causes Pain In The Ball Of The Foot?

  https://wphphysio.com.au/what-causes-pain-in-the-ball-of-the-foot/

  Pain in the ball of the foot is a common condition that we see and one that we get many questions about here at West Pennant Hills Physiotherapy and Sports Injuries Centre. […] Pain in the ball of the foot can also be referred to as metatarsalgia. It is a condition in which the ball of the foot becomes painful and inflamed. […] Symptoms of metatarsalgia include: Sharp, burning pain in the ball of your foot. Pain in the ball of foot when walking, running, standing, especially barefoot on a hard surface. Pain relieved with rest. A feeling of having a pebble in your shoe. […] Pain in the ball of the foot may not always be metatarsalgia. Other possible diagnoses for pain under the ball of foot include: Morton’s neuroma. […] If left untreated, you may develop pain in other parts of the body such as the lower back or hip, especially if you are limping. Other muscles begin to overcompensate and work harder than they should be. This is why it is important to address the issue as soon as possible. […] Most cases can be resolved with conservative treatment. In very rare cases surgery may be indicated to correct the toe alignment or remove a neuroma.

• #18 Metatarsalgia – Ball of foot pain – Premier Medical Group

  https://www.premiermedicalhv.com/divisions/services/metatarsalgia/

  Metatarsalgia is the medical term for pain and inflammation in the ball of the foot. […] Symptoms often include a sharp, aching, or burning pain in the forefoot, especially in the part of the sole just behind your toes. Metatarsalgia can also feel like a sharp or shooting pain, numbness, or tingling in the toes, or like having a pebble in your shoe. In most cases, the pain in the balls of a persons feet generally appears over a period of several months. […] A tell-tale sign of metatarsalgia is that the pain worsens and improves with varied activity. With this type of injury, the inflammation, or pain, should decrease when resting and increase when you stand, walk, or flex your feet.

• #19 Metatarsalgia: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

  https://patient.info/foot-care/heel-and-foot-pain-plantar-fasciitis/metatarsalgia-metatarsal-injury

  Metatarsalgia is the name given to pain in the front part of the foot under the heads of the metatarsal bones, also known as the ball of the foot. […] Metatarsalgia causes pain in the ball of the foot that can be made worse by standing, walking or running. Some people describe the pain as feeling as though they are walking on pebbles. Others describe more of a general aching pain. The pain can occur in one or both feet. In some people the pain is felt under one or two metatarsal heads; in others it is felt under all of them. […] Metatarsalgia usually comes on gradually over some weeks rather than suddenly. The affected area of the foot may also feel tender when pressed.

• #20 Pain in the ball of your foot (metatarsalgia) and how to get relief | HealthPartners Blog

  https://www.healthpartners.com/blog/metatarsalgia-symptoms-treatment/

  Pain that occurs in the ball of your foot the area where your toes meet your arch (also called the forefoot) is known as metatarsalgia. […] The main symptom of metatarsalgia is forefoot pain. […] Symptoms of metatarsalgia can include: Burning, aching or stinging pain concentrated in and around the ball of your foot, which worsens when standing, walking, being barefoot or squatting. […] Tingling and loss of sensation in the toe or toes. […] Inflammation and swelling in the forefoot area. […] When you have metatarsalgia, you may feel as if you’re walking around with a pebble or marble in your shoe. […] If the condition worsens, your forefoot area may start to appear inflamed, swollen or red. […] A podiatrist can give you corticosteroid injections to alleviate inflammation, plus refer you to physical therapy or recommend you for surgery. […] Physical therapy can be an excellent option for treating persistent metatarsalgia without the need for surgery. […] Taking a walk with your dog, training for a 5k run, or gardening with your grandchild doesn’t have to be accompanied by a nagging sting or ache in your forefoot.

• #21 Pain in the ball of the foot | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/muscle-bone-and-joints/leg-and-foot-problems-and-conditions/pain-in-the-ball-of-the-foot/

  Pain in the ball of the foot tends to develop gradually over time. […] The pain is sometimes described as: a burning or aching sensation, a shooting pain, tingling or numbness in the toes, a feeling like there’s a small stone stuck under the foot. […] Pain in the ball of the foot can also be related to health issues, including arthritis and diabetes. […] Activity shouldn’t make your existing pain worse overall. Increasing activity can lead to increased discomfort as your body gets used to regaining your activity levels. This kind of pain should ease quickly and your pain should be no worse the morning after. […] If painkillers aren’t helping to control the pain, your healthcare professional may discuss having a corticosteroid injection into your foot.

• #22 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Metatarsalgia-Signs-and-Symptoms.aspx

  The term metatarsalgia refers to pain at one or more of the metatarsal heads in the foot, which is commonly described as forefoot pain. […] The main symptom of metatarsalgia is pain or tenderness in the distal end of the plantar metatarsal fat pad, which is commonly known as the forefoot. The pain typically extends across the surface of the metatarsal head and may affect one or both feet. […] The intensity of the pain is usually aggravated during movement, particularly when the foot pushes against the ground to propel the body forward and in the mid-stance stage. Conversely, it tends to improve significantly with rest and avoiding activities that put significant stress on the feet. […] Most patients with metatarsalgia report chronic symptoms of pain in the feet that presented gradually over time, rather than in an acute situation following a specific injury.

• #23 Metatarsalgia: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/metatarsalgia

  Metatarsalgia is a common overuse injury that causes pain and inflammation in the ball of your foot, which is between your arch and toes. […] The main symptom of metatarsalgia is pain at the end of one or more of your five metatarsal bones. Those are the bones in the ball of your foot, closest to your toes. Most often, the pain develops over several months, rather than suddenly. […] The pain can be: Sharp, Dull, Aching or burning, Worse when you walk or run. […] You might also feel tingling, numbness, or like you have a pebble in your shoe or you’re stepping on a rock. […] Metatarsalgia can lead to other problems if you don’t treat it, including: Pain in your opposite foot, Changes in the way you walk, including a limp, Pain in your lower back or hips. […] Most people recover from metatarsalgia with treatment. But you need to understand what caused it and take steps to keep it from coming back. […] Metatarsalgia is a common injury that causes pain and inflammation in the ball of your foot. Most often, the pain comes on over several months, rather than suddenly.

• #24 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Metatarsalgia-Signs-and-Symptoms.aspx

  The term metatarsalgia refers to pain at one or more of the metatarsal heads in the foot, which is commonly described as forefoot pain. […] The main symptom of metatarsalgia is pain or tenderness in the distal end of the plantar metatarsal fat pad, which is commonly known as the forefoot. The pain typically extends across the surface of the metatarsal head and may affect one or both feet. […] The intensity of the pain is usually aggravated during movement, particularly when the foot pushes against the ground to propel the body forward and in the mid-stance stage. Conversely, it tends to improve significantly with rest and avoiding activities that put significant stress on the feet. […] Most patients with metatarsalgia report chronic symptoms of pain in the feet that presented gradually over time, rather than in an acute situation following a specific injury.

• #25 Royal Orthopaedic Hospital – Metatarsalgia Forefoot Pain

  https://roh.nhs.uk/services-information/foot-and-ankle/metatarsalgia-forefoot-pain

  Metatarsalgia is a condition in which discomfort is felt under the forefoot region, often referred to as the ball of the foot. This is a generic name, which may have many underlying causes. […] The symptoms of metatarsalgia usually develop gradually and can get worse over time. […] The pain is varied and can range from mild to severe discomfort and is often made worse with standing or walking. It is sometimes described as a burning or aching sensation, sometimes sharp, shooting pains. […] Some medical conditions may lead to pain in the balls of the feet. […] Age – the fat pad that protects the foot can thin with age, making patients more likely to feel pain in the ball of their foot.

• #26 Ball of Foot Pain – Metatarsalgia | Metatarsalgia Treatment

  https://www.footankleinstitute.com/conditions/metatarsalgia

  Pain in the ball of the foot, the area just behind the toes, is likely metatarsalgia, an inflammatory condition that causes pain in the mid-foot metatarsal bones. […] Metatarsalgia causes sharp, burning or aching pain at the end of one or more of the metatarsal bones. You’ll notice that the pain worsens when running or walking, or when standing on a hard surface barefoot. The pain usually comes on over a period of weeks or months, rather than suddenly.

• #27 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Metatarsalgia-Signs-and-Symptoms.aspx

  Often the symptoms may slowly worsen with continued activity or stress over an extended period of time (e.g. several months) until the individual feels the need to seek medical attention. […] However, some individuals may report symptoms with a sudden onset. This is most likely to be associated with a recent increase in time or intensity of high-impact physical activity.

• #28 Azthena logo with the word Azthena

  https://www.news-medical.net/health/Metatarsalgia-Signs-and-Symptoms.aspx

  Often the symptoms may slowly worsen with continued activity or stress over an extended period of time (e.g. several months) until the individual feels the need to seek medical attention. […] However, some individuals may report symptoms with a sudden onset. This is most likely to be associated with a recent increase in time or intensity of high-impact physical activity.

• #29 Pain in the Balls of Your Feet? Symptoms & Causes of Metatarsalgia – Foot and Ankle Group

  https://www.footandanklegroup.com/pain-in-the-balls-of-your-feet-symptoms-causes-of-metatarsalgia/

  Pain when you stand, walk, run or flex your feet that dulls after rest […] Numbness or tingling in your toes. […] Another key symptom of metatarsalgia is a gradual build-up to worsening pain. This foot condition develops over time and usage, so you can expect the pain to get worse the more you irritate the ball of your foot. […] Metatarsalgia can easily be confused with many foot conditions that cause ball of the foot pain not just neuroma therefore, those suffering from long-term strain should seek a true diagnosis.

• #30 Are you having pain in the ball of your foot? It could be Metatarsalgia

  https://www.modpodpodiatry.com.au/metatarsalgia-2/

  Metatarsalgia is not an injury; its actually a symptom or a group of symptoms. These may include pain in the ball of the foot, with or without bruising, and inflammation. […] Localised pain in the ball of the foot, on the bottom of the foot, in the area of the sole of the foot just before the toes. […] One of the hallmarks of this disorder is pain in the ball of the foot during weight-bearing activities (running, walking, standing, etc.). […] If youve noticed pain in your forefoot, which gets worse during walking, running or standing, and/or pain in your toes, particularly when flexing them, you have some of the classic symptoms of metatarsalgia. […] Another hallmark is increased pain when going barefoot, particularly when standing or walking on a hard surface like tile, concrete, marble or asphalt, as opposed to carpet or grass.

• #31 Royal Orthopaedic Hospital – Metatarsalgia Forefoot Pain

  https://roh.nhs.uk/services-information/foot-and-ankle/metatarsalgia-forefoot-pain

  Metatarsalgia is a condition in which discomfort is felt under the forefoot region, often referred to as the ball of the foot. This is a generic name, which may have many underlying causes. […] The symptoms of metatarsalgia usually develop gradually and can get worse over time. […] The pain is varied and can range from mild to severe discomfort and is often made worse with standing or walking. It is sometimes described as a burning or aching sensation, sometimes sharp, shooting pains. […] Some medical conditions may lead to pain in the balls of the feet. […] Age – the fat pad that protects the foot can thin with age, making patients more likely to feel pain in the ball of their foot.

• #32 Are you having pain in the ball of your foot? It could be Metatarsalgia

  https://www.modpodpodiatry.com.au/metatarsalgia-2/

  Ultimately, this creates excessive pressure in the ball of the foot, and that leads to metatarsalgia. […] As men and women age, the fat pad in the foot tends to thin out, creating less cushioning and making them more susceptible to pain in the ball of the foot. […] Wearing shoes that do not fit properly: Shoes with a narrow, tight toe box, or shoes that cause a great deal of pressure to be put on the ball of the foot (high heels, for example) are often the cause of metatarsalgia. […] Stress fractures of the metatarsal, or toe, bones often cause pain and force an individual to change their stride, thus bringing more pressure to the ball of the foot and stressing that area as well. […] Claw toes or hammertoes can press the metatarsals toward the ground and cause stress on the ball of the foot. […] Arthritis, gout or other inflammatory joint disorders can produce pain in the ball of the foot. […] If you have pain in the ball of your foot already, dont panic. Treatment is generally conservative. […] The vast majority of patients are helped by the steps outlined above.

• #33 Metatarsalgia

  https://www.thefeetpeople.com.au/symptoms-we-treat/metatarsalgia/

  As metatarsalgia can include a range of problems or conditions, you may feel anything from a dull or throbbing ache to sharp severe pains at the ball of your foot. The pain will likely be exacerbated by walking, especially in hard or unsupportive shoes. […] You may find that your pain is localised to a specific joint or area that is tender to touch, swollen, red, or warm. You may also feel some burning or tingling if the nerves in the area have been affected. […] The speed of your recovery really depends on the severity of your pain and injury, and which specific structures have been injured. As this is a broad condition, recovery can take anywhere from weeks to months.

• #34 What Causes Pain in the Ball of Your Foot?

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/foot-pain-in-ball-of-foot-11695376

  Metatarsalgia refers to pain in the ball of your foot, the area of the forefoot just below the top of the metatarsal bones in your big toe. Most people feel this sharp pain in the space between their big toe and the arch of the foot. […] Pain in the ball of your foot can have many causes, such as an injury, ill-fitting shoes, excessive exercise, or underlying conditions such as Mortons neuroma, bunions, or arthritis. […] Metatarsalgia-related pain may be sharp, burning, stabbing, shooting, or aching. It may be constant or come and go. It often worsens when you wear certain shoes, walk, or press down on the joint. […] Depending on the underlying reason for your pain, you could also experience: Swelling, Cramps, Numbness, Tingling, Thickened skin in the affected area, Corns, Calluses, Changes in the shape or positioning of your feet or toes, Bony bumps, Difficulty putting on certain types of footwear.

• #35 Metatarsalgia: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment | Pain in Ball of Foot

  https://resources.healthgrades.com/right-care/foot-health/metatarsalgia

  Metatarsalgia is pain in the ball of the foot, or forefoot, just beneath the base your toes. This area of the foot contains five bones, called metatarsals. The pain often affects the heads of the metatarsals, which are the ends at the toes. Forefoot pain can be sharp or achy. It usually worsens when you flex your foot or with weight-bearing activities. This can include walking, running, or even just standing. Hard surfaces can make these activities especially painful. […] Metatarsalgia is uncomfortable and can interfere with your life. However, the cause is usually not serious and the pain normally responds to conservative treatments. […] Seek prompt medical care if ball of the foot pain persists for more than a few days despite making these changes. […] Depending on the cause of metatarsalgia, you may notice other symptoms affecting the ball of your foot.

• #36 Metatarsalgia: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/metatarsalgia

  Metatarsalgia is a common overuse injury that causes pain and inflammation in the ball of your foot, which is between your arch and toes. […] The main symptom of metatarsalgia is pain at the end of one or more of your five metatarsal bones. Those are the bones in the ball of your foot, closest to your toes. Most often, the pain develops over several months, rather than suddenly. […] The pain can be: Sharp, Dull, Aching or burning, Worse when you walk or run. […] You might also feel tingling, numbness, or like you have a pebble in your shoe or you’re stepping on a rock. […] Metatarsalgia can lead to other problems if you don’t treat it, including: Pain in your opposite foot, Changes in the way you walk, including a limp, Pain in your lower back or hips. […] Most people recover from metatarsalgia with treatment. But you need to understand what caused it and take steps to keep it from coming back. […] Metatarsalgia is a common injury that causes pain and inflammation in the ball of your foot. Most often, the pain comes on over several months, rather than suddenly.

• #37 Ball of Foot Pain: Causes, Symptoms, and Relief

  https://www.healthline.com/health/ball-of-foot-pain

  Pain in the ball of your foot can occur with an injury or due to some health conditions, including arthritis and hammer toe. […] People with ball of foot pain experience an aching pain and inflammation in the padding directly below the toes, which is where we place the most pressure when standing and moving. […] The aching is usually present in the metatarsal heads the joint that is just under your toes. You may also experience a shooting pain, numbness, and immediate pain with flexing the toes. The aching may ease when you are off your feet and return when you resume your activities. […] Ball of foot pain occurs just below your toes. It can feel like: burning, aching pain, shooting pain, numbness or tingling in your toes, having a small pebble in your shoe, immediate pain that gets worse when you run, walk, exercise, or otherwise flex your foot.

• #38 Ball of foot Pain SportsMD

  https://www.sportsmd.com/2023/08/20/ball-of-foot-pain/

  Ball of foot pain, or metatarsalgia, is caused by a loss of the fat pad in the ball of the foot and excessive pressure on it. […] Ball of foot pain, also known as metatarsalgia, can manifest as shooting pain in the affected area, swelling, painful calluses, and burning pain. […] This discomfort is typically caused by a loss of the fat pad underneath the ball of the foot and excessive pressure on the area, which can be exacerbated by excess weight. […] There are several frequent causes of pain in the ball of the foot, such as excessive pressure, ill-fitting footwear, preexisting medical conditions like stress fractures, and metatarsalgia, a condition characterized by metatarsal pain. […] Symptoms that can manifest rapidly or gradually include pain and inflammation in the metatarsals, discomfort in the metatarsal region beneath the ball of the foot, and causes such as high-impact sports with frequent running and jumping, extended walking, wearing high heels or snug-fitting shoes, foot deformities, and various medical conditions.

• #39 Morton’s neuroma – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/mortons-neuroma/symptoms-causes/syc-20351935

  Morton’s neuroma involves a thickening of the tissue around one of the nerves leading to your toes. This can cause a sharp, burning pain in the ball of your foot. You may have stinging, burning or numbness in the affected toes. […] Morton’s neuroma is a painful condition that affects the ball of your foot, most commonly the area between your third and fourth toes. […] Typically, there’s no outward sign of this condition, such as a lump. Instead, you may experience the following symptoms: A burning pain in the ball of your foot that may radiate into your toes. […] It’s best not to ignore any foot pain that lasts longer than a few days. See your doctor if you experience a burning pain in the ball of your foot that’s not improving, despite changing your footwear and modifying activities that may cause stress to your foot.

• #40 Morton’s neuroma – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/mortons-neuroma/symptoms-causes/syc-20351935

  Morton’s neuroma involves a thickening of the tissue around one of the nerves leading to your toes. This can cause a sharp, burning pain in the ball of your foot. You may have stinging, burning or numbness in the affected toes. […] Morton’s neuroma is a painful condition that affects the ball of your foot, most commonly the area between your third and fourth toes. […] Typically, there’s no outward sign of this condition, such as a lump. Instead, you may experience the following symptoms: A burning pain in the ball of your foot that may radiate into your toes. […] It’s best not to ignore any foot pain that lasts longer than a few days. See your doctor if you experience a burning pain in the ball of your foot that’s not improving, despite changing your footwear and modifying activities that may cause stress to your foot.

• #41 Forefoot Pain Portland: Causes, Symptoms Treatment Portland

  https://www.multnomahortho.com/forefoot-pain-orthopedic-surgeon-portland-beaverton-gresham-oregon.html

  Forefoot pain, also referred to as metatarsalgia, is a type of pain that occurs in the ball of the foot (around the tip of the metatarsal bones). […] Patients with metatarsalgia usually experience a sharp, aching or burning pain in the ball of their feet. The pain usually worsens during standing, walking, running or when the affected foot is flexed. […] In most cases, the skin overlying the affected area becomes thick and hard, rough-textured, along with either complete/partial loss of sensation. […] Some people may notice changes in the shape of the feet or toes depending upon the cause of pain. […] With aging, the protective fat pad under the ball of the foot tends to thin out with overuse and may increase the susceptibility to pain in the ball of the foot.

• #42 Metatarsalgia: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment | Pain in Ball of Foot

  https://resources.healthgrades.com/right-care/foot-health/metatarsalgia

  Along with pain, you may also notice inflammation or bruising in the area. […] Because metatarsalgia often affects the toe end of the bone, you can have symptoms in your toes. This includes numb or tingling toes and burning or other abnormal sensations in the toes. […] When any of these foot symptoms continue for several days, you should seek medical care. […] Left untreated, metatarsalgia can lead to complications. Pain in the forefoot often leads people to adapt and change their walking gait to minimize the pain. […] When pain in the ball of your foot is due to an injury, such as ligament or bone damage, failing to treat it can lead to improper healing. This can result in chronic pain and foot problems.

• #43 What’s Causing the Pain in the Ball of Your Foot?: Hubert Lee, DPM: Podiatrist

  https://www.bellevuefootdoctor.com/blog/whats-causing-the-pain-in-the-ball-of-your-foot

  Pain in the ball of your foot can include: […] Pain that intensifies when youre walking, running, or standing and improves with rest. […] Sharp, aching, or burning pains. […] Frequent, painful calluses in the skin of the area. […] Unusual sensation or sharp pain in your toes. […] As we get older, we lose the fat pad thats located under the ball of the foot, causing shock and abnormal pressure to that area. […] This pain can also be caused by: […] High arches or having a second toe thats longer than the big toe. […] Joint inflammation or arthritis in your feet […] Foot irregularities like hammertoes […] An upsurge in high-impact activities such as jumping, long periods of standing, or running […] Wearing shoes that dont provide adequate support or fit well […] Mortons neuroma […] Carrying excess weight […] Stress fractures.

• #44

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/aftercareinformation/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=abp4945

  Metatarsalgia (say „met-uh-tar-SAL-jee-uh”) is pain in the ball of the foot. It sometimes spreads to the toes. […] While walking might be very painful, the pain is usually not a sign of a serious or permanent problem. But any pain can affect your life, so it is important that you treat it. […] Pain in this area can be caused by many things. For example, you may have this pain if you stand or walk a lot or wear tight shoes or high heels. […] Treatment may consist of home care, such as rest, wearing different shoes, and taking over-the-counter pain medicines. It can take months for the pain to go away. […] You have new or worse symptoms. […] You do not get better as expected.

• #45 What Causes Pain in the Ball of Your Foot?

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/foot-pain-in-ball-of-foot-11695376

  Metatarsalgia refers to pain in the ball of your foot, the area of the forefoot just below the top of the metatarsal bones in your big toe. Most people feel this sharp pain in the space between their big toe and the arch of the foot. […] Pain in the ball of your foot can have many causes, such as an injury, ill-fitting shoes, excessive exercise, or underlying conditions such as Mortons neuroma, bunions, or arthritis. […] Metatarsalgia-related pain may be sharp, burning, stabbing, shooting, or aching. It may be constant or come and go. It often worsens when you wear certain shoes, walk, or press down on the joint. […] Depending on the underlying reason for your pain, you could also experience: Swelling, Cramps, Numbness, Tingling, Thickened skin in the affected area, Corns, Calluses, Changes in the shape or positioning of your feet or toes, Bony bumps, Difficulty putting on certain types of footwear.

• #46 Metatarsalgia – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/metatarsalgia/symptoms-causes/syc-20354790

  Metatarsalgia (met-uh-tahr-SAL-juh) is a condition in which the ball of the foot becomes painful and irritated. […] Symptoms of metatarsalgia can include: […] Sharp, aching or burning pain in the ball of the foot. The ball is the part of the sole just behind the toes. […] Pain that gets worse with standing, running, flexing the feet or walking. Doing any of these barefoot on a hard surface makes the pain worse. The pain gets better with rest. […] Not all foot problems need medical care. Sometimes feet ache after a long day of standing or a hard workout. But it’s best to act on foot pain that lasts more than a few days. Talk to your health care professional if you have a burning pain in the ball of your foot that doesn’t improve after changing your shoes and your activities. […] Left untreated, metatarsalgia might lead to pain in other parts of the same foot or in the other foot. Limping because of the foot pain of metatarsalgia also can cause pain in other parts of the body, such as the low back or hip.

• #47 Metatarsalgia | UM Health-Sparrow

  https://www.uofmhealthsparrow.org/departments-conditions/conditions/metatarsalgia

  Metatarsalgia is a condition in which the ball of the foot becomes painful and irritated. Symptoms of metatarsalgia can include sharp, aching or burning pain in the ball of the foot. The pain gets worse with standing, running, flexing the feet or walking. The pain gets better with rest. Not all foot problems need medical care. But it’s best to act on foot pain that lasts more than a few days. Talk to your health care professional if you have a burning pain in the ball of your foot that doesn’t improve after changing your shoes and your activities. […] Left untreated, metatarsalgia might lead to pain in other parts of the same foot or in the other foot. Limping because of the foot pain of metatarsalgia also can cause pain in other parts of the body, such as the low back or hip.

• #48 Metatarsalgia – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/metatarsalgia/symptoms-causes/syc-20354790

  Metatarsalgia (met-uh-tahr-SAL-juh) is a condition in which the ball of the foot becomes painful and irritated. […] Symptoms of metatarsalgia can include: […] Sharp, aching or burning pain in the ball of the foot. The ball is the part of the sole just behind the toes. […] Pain that gets worse with standing, running, flexing the feet or walking. Doing any of these barefoot on a hard surface makes the pain worse. The pain gets better with rest. […] Not all foot problems need medical care. Sometimes feet ache after a long day of standing or a hard workout. But it’s best to act on foot pain that lasts more than a few days. Talk to your health care professional if you have a burning pain in the ball of your foot that doesn’t improve after changing your shoes and your activities. […] Left untreated, metatarsalgia might lead to pain in other parts of the same foot or in the other foot. Limping because of the foot pain of metatarsalgia also can cause pain in other parts of the body, such as the low back or hip.

• #49 Metatarsalgia: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/metatarsalgia

  Metatarsalgia is a common overuse injury that causes pain and inflammation in the ball of your foot, which is between your arch and toes. […] The main symptom of metatarsalgia is pain at the end of one or more of your five metatarsal bones. Those are the bones in the ball of your foot, closest to your toes. Most often, the pain develops over several months, rather than suddenly. […] The pain can be: Sharp, Dull, Aching or burning, Worse when you walk or run. […] You might also feel tingling, numbness, or like you have a pebble in your shoe or you’re stepping on a rock. […] Metatarsalgia can lead to other problems if you don’t treat it, including: Pain in your opposite foot, Changes in the way you walk, including a limp, Pain in your lower back or hips. […] Most people recover from metatarsalgia with treatment. But you need to understand what caused it and take steps to keep it from coming back. […] Metatarsalgia is a common injury that causes pain and inflammation in the ball of your foot. Most often, the pain comes on over several months, rather than suddenly.

• #50 Expert treatment for ball of foot pain in North Seattle | Foot and Ankle Center of Lake City

  https://www.bergdpm.com/blog/the-ball-of-my-foot-is-killing-me.cfm

  Symptoms include pain, tenderness, and swelling of the toe joint. […] Pain in the ball of the foot that occurs on one or more bones is called metatarsalgia. It can be experienced as sharp, aching, or burning and feels worse when standing, walking, or running. […] It is not normal and the faster you get it evaluated and treated, the faster you will be able to return to enjoy your spring and summer activities.

• #51 What are the symptoms of metatarsalgia? | Top Doctors

  https://www.topdoctors.co.uk/medical-dictionary/metatarsalgia

  Metatarsalgia is pain and swelling caused by compression of the nerves between the metatarsal bones of the feet. The pain intensifies when you walk or rest on the foot area. […] The main symptom is pain in a small area of the foot, usually in the sole. […] Severe, continuous, or strong pain in the ball of the foot (the part of the sole just behind the toes). […] Pain that gets worse when you stand, run, or walk, particularly while barefoot and/or on a hard surface, and gets better when you rest. […] The symptoms get worse when active and may disappear completely while resting. Because of the intense pain the patient feels, they may try to bear their weight on the leg that does not hurt, changing the way they walk, and this long-term compensation can lead to other symptoms such as back pain.

• #52 Are you having pain in the ball of your foot? It could be Metatarsalgia

  https://www.modpodpodiatry.com.au/metatarsalgia-2/

  Ultimately, this creates excessive pressure in the ball of the foot, and that leads to metatarsalgia. […] As men and women age, the fat pad in the foot tends to thin out, creating less cushioning and making them more susceptible to pain in the ball of the foot. […] Wearing shoes that do not fit properly: Shoes with a narrow, tight toe box, or shoes that cause a great deal of pressure to be put on the ball of the foot (high heels, for example) are often the cause of metatarsalgia. […] Stress fractures of the metatarsal, or toe, bones often cause pain and force an individual to change their stride, thus bringing more pressure to the ball of the foot and stressing that area as well. […] Claw toes or hammertoes can press the metatarsals toward the ground and cause stress on the ball of the foot. […] Arthritis, gout or other inflammatory joint disorders can produce pain in the ball of the foot. […] If you have pain in the ball of your foot already, dont panic. Treatment is generally conservative. […] The vast majority of patients are helped by the steps outlined above.

• #53 Metatarsalgia | NHS Lanarkshire

  https://www.nhslanarkshire.scot.nhs.uk/services/podiatry/metatarsalgia/

  If left untreated this can cause deformity of the affected toe. […] Pain relief can be an important part in helping you manage your symptoms and allow you to stay active. Taking suitable pain relief regularly allows you to move more normally and continue your usual activities without causing any damage. It is unlikely that medication alone will resolve your pain totally. For this reason we are using the term pain relief (A 30-50% reduction in pain would be deemed to be a good success).

• #54 Ball of Foot Pain Won’t Go Away? | Austin Foot and Ankle Specialists

  https://www.austinfootandankle.com/blog/ball-of-foot-pain-won-t-go-away-you-may-have-a-plantar-plate-tear-and-that-isn-t-good-news-austi.cfm

  Plantar plate tears are extremely serious injuries that need to be identified early, and treated very specifically, in order to prevent more severe consequences. […] If the plantar plate tear worsens, there is a much greater risk that you will go on to develop severe arthritis (due to rapid wearing out of joint cartilage), joint instability, hammertoes, and other painful complications. […] Furthermore, there are some subtle and specific techniques that must be used to properly treat most plantar plate tears conservatively, including a special taping strategy that keeps the toe stabilized in a downward position. […] If the toe dislocation becomes severe, its likely well need to perform surgery to realign and strengthen the joint.

• #55 Foot Pain Types, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment

  https://www.medicinenet.com/foot_pain/article.htm

  Pain in the ball of the foot is called metatarsalgia and typically affects the area where the toes attach to the foot. It is termed metatarsalgia because the pain centers under the five bones at the bases of the toes—the metatarsals. […] Metatarsalgia can be caused by a variety of factors, such as: Wearing poorly fitting shoes (too tight or loose) or high heels, Intense training or activities involving running and jumping, Excess weight, Congenital foot deformities, Sprains, Stress fractures, Bunions (a protrusion of the bone that forms on the first metatarsophalangeal joint), Morton’s neuroma (noncancerous growth of fibrous tissue around a nerve between the third and fourth metatarsals), Rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, or gout. […] Untreated metatarsalgia can lead to hammertoes—a condition in which the toe buckles cause the middle joint of the affected toe to poke out. This condition may cause limping and pain in other parts of the body, including the hips and lower back.

• #56 Ball of Foot Pain. Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Insoles

  https://cluffy.com/ball-of-foot-pain/

  As the ball of the foot hurts more, you will tend to alter the way you walk, which leads to leg pain, knee, hip, and back pain. If you do not have any deformity of the foot, one will eventually develop, such as a bunion or hammertoes. You will then be more limited in the shoes that you can wear and may also require surgical correction of these problems to restore normal function. […] Improving the motion of the foot not only has a significant impact on ball of foot pain, but it can cause a total realignment of the whole lower extremity bone structure.

• #57 Ball of Foot Pain Won’t Go Away? | Austin Foot and Ankle Specialists

  https://www.austinfootandankle.com/blog/ball-of-foot-pain-won-t-go-away-you-may-have-a-plantar-plate-tear-and-that-isn-t-good-news-austi.cfm

  Plantar plate tears are extremely serious injuries that need to be identified early, and treated very specifically, in order to prevent more severe consequences. […] If the plantar plate tear worsens, there is a much greater risk that you will go on to develop severe arthritis (due to rapid wearing out of joint cartilage), joint instability, hammertoes, and other painful complications. […] Furthermore, there are some subtle and specific techniques that must be used to properly treat most plantar plate tears conservatively, including a special taping strategy that keeps the toe stabilized in a downward position. […] If the toe dislocation becomes severe, its likely well need to perform surgery to realign and strengthen the joint.

• #58 Metatarsalgia: Symptoms, Treatments, and More

  https://www.healthline.com/health/metatarsalgia

  Metatarsalgia is a painful inflammation in the ball of your foot. The pain of metatarsalgia usually begins gradually over time. It may improve when you rest your foot and get worse when you stand, walk, or exercise. You may also notice that your pain gets worse when you stand, run, walk barefoot, or participate in a high-impact sports activity. […] The most frequent cause of metatarsalgia is participating in sports activities that put pressure on the metatarsal bones at the front of your foot. Running, for example, involves putting constant force on the ball of your foot. […] If your pain in the metatarsal area persists for a few days after resting your feet or changing your footwear, it’s best to see a doctor. […] Treatment for metatarsalgia depends on the cause and severity of your pain. Usually, conservative measures like staying off of your feet, changing your footwear, and using an orthotic pad in your shoe will relieve the pain. […] Most metatarsalgia eases with conservative measures and properly fitting footwear. Early diagnosis and treatment usually gives you a good prognosis.

• #59 How to Treat Pain in the Ball of the Foot from Metatarsalgia

  https://ankleandfootcenters.com/pain-in-the-ball-of-the-foot/

  Yes, metatarsalgia can go away with proper treatment and care. Resting the feet, wearing supportive footwear, using metatarsal pads, and following a podiatrist’s recommendations can significantly reduce symptoms over time. […] The recovery time for metatarsalgia varies depending on the severity of the condition and the treatment approach. Mild cases may improve within a few weeks, while more severe cases can take several months. Following a comprehensive treatment plan can speed up the healing process. […] If the pain in the ball of your foot doesn’t improve after several weeks of self-care, it’s crucial to seek professional help. Persistent discomfort may indicate a more serious underlying issue. […] Severe metatarsalgia can interfere with walking, exercising, or even standing for extended periods. If your mobility is affected, a podiatrist can recommend effective solutions. […] If your symptoms progressively worsen despite rest and treatment, it’s important to consult a specialist. This could signal a more advanced condition that needs medical attention.

• #60 What Causes Pain In The Ball Of The Foot?

  https://wphphysio.com.au/what-causes-pain-in-the-ball-of-the-foot/

  Pain in the ball of the foot is a common condition that we see and one that we get many questions about here at West Pennant Hills Physiotherapy and Sports Injuries Centre. […] Pain in the ball of the foot can also be referred to as metatarsalgia. It is a condition in which the ball of the foot becomes painful and inflamed. […] Symptoms of metatarsalgia include: Sharp, burning pain in the ball of your foot. Pain in the ball of foot when walking, running, standing, especially barefoot on a hard surface. Pain relieved with rest. A feeling of having a pebble in your shoe. […] Pain in the ball of the foot may not always be metatarsalgia. Other possible diagnoses for pain under the ball of foot include: Morton’s neuroma. […] If left untreated, you may develop pain in other parts of the body such as the lower back or hip, especially if you are limping. Other muscles begin to overcompensate and work harder than they should be. This is why it is important to address the issue as soon as possible. […] Most cases can be resolved with conservative treatment. In very rare cases surgery may be indicated to correct the toe alignment or remove a neuroma.

• #61 Ball of Foot Pain Won’t Go Away? | Austin Foot and Ankle Specialists

  https://www.austinfootandankle.com/blog/ball-of-foot-pain-won-t-go-away-you-may-have-a-plantar-plate-tear-and-that-isn-t-good-news-austi.cfm

  Such is the case, unfortunately, with plantar plate tears. If you have unexplained ball-of-foot pain that isnt going away, or youre wondering why your neuroma isnt getting better, you may instead have this oft-misdiagnosed condition. […] Some characteristic symptoms especially associated with plantar plate tearing include: […] Aching pain in the ball of the foot, near the base of the second toe. Although this may reduce with rest, you may experience a dull ache in your toes nearly constantly. […] Pain that increases during weight-bearing activity, especially during push-off or propulsion. […] Partial dislocation of the second toe (particularly if the plate has fully torn). Please note that, in very mild cases, there may be no or very little dislocation. […] If these symptoms sound familiar to you, you may have suffered a plantar plate injury.

• #62 Metarsalgia: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment | Foot and Ankle Center of Lake City

  https://www.bergdpm.com/video/metarsalgia-symptoms-causes-and-treatment.cfm

  If youre experiencing pain in the ball of your foot, youre probably wondering what caused it. […] Symptoms of Metatarsalgia can occur across the ball of your foot or under one or more of your five metatarsals or mid-foot bones. Symptoms can occur suddenly or over time and develop from weight-bearing activities like walking, running, or standing. […] Pain that is sharp, shooting, aching, or burning. It can feel worse when you flex your toes or are physically active. […] Adjusting your walk to avoid putting pressure on the ball of your foot. […] Secondary metatarsalgia is caused by activities that put more pressure on the ball of your foot or by having a particular health issue. […] If your pain cant be resolved with conservative treatments like the ones I just described, surgery may help depending on the cause of your metatarsalgia. For example, if you have a bunion thats the primary cause of your ball of foot pain, then surgery for your bunion may relieve it.

• #63 Sesamoiditis Symptoms & Treatment – My FootDr

  https://www.myfootdr.com.au/conditions-treated/sesamoiditis/

  Sesamoiditis causes pain at the ball of the foot, beneath the big toe joint. […] The symptoms of sesamoiditis tend to worsen gradually. What might start as a mild ache, can quickly increase to an intense throbbing. As the severity of sesamoiditis increases, it can become difficult to put any weight on the big toe or walk comfortably. […] Injuries to the sesamoid bones can range from mild irritation to a fracture (or break). It’s important to seek treatment early, to help prevent the problem and pain from worsening. […] Sesamoiditis normally heals within a few days for mild cases with the help of resting, icing and anti-inflammatory medication. However, the healing period will differ case-by-case depending on the severity. […] If sesamoiditis is triggered and untreated for a prolonged period, permanent damage can be caused in the sesamoid bones in the feet. However, if treated in the early stages, it can be managed. […] Sesamoiditis cannot be definitively cured, as there is always a risk of re-triggering it. It can be managed and prevented, though.

• #64 Pain in the ball of the foot – NHS

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/foot-pain/pain-in-the-ball-of-the-foot/

  Pain in the ball of your foot is known as metatarsalgia. You can usually ease the pain yourself. But see a GP if it does not improve. […] Pain in the ball of your foot is often caused by exercise, such as running, wearing shoes that are too tight or a condition such as arthritis. […] Your symptoms might also give you an idea of what’s causing your pain. […] Follow the advice on this page and see a GP if the pain does not get better in 2 weeks.

• #65 Metatarsalgia: Symptoms, Treatments, and More

  https://www.healthline.com/health/metatarsalgia

  Metatarsalgia is a painful inflammation in the ball of your foot. The pain of metatarsalgia usually begins gradually over time. It may improve when you rest your foot and get worse when you stand, walk, or exercise. You may also notice that your pain gets worse when you stand, run, walk barefoot, or participate in a high-impact sports activity. […] The most frequent cause of metatarsalgia is participating in sports activities that put pressure on the metatarsal bones at the front of your foot. Running, for example, involves putting constant force on the ball of your foot. […] If your pain in the metatarsal area persists for a few days after resting your feet or changing your footwear, it’s best to see a doctor. […] Treatment for metatarsalgia depends on the cause and severity of your pain. Usually, conservative measures like staying off of your feet, changing your footwear, and using an orthotic pad in your shoe will relieve the pain. […] Most metatarsalgia eases with conservative measures and properly fitting footwear. Early diagnosis and treatment usually gives you a good prognosis.

• #66 How to Treat Pain in the Ball of the Foot from Metatarsalgia

  https://ankleandfootcenters.com/pain-in-the-ball-of-the-foot/

  Yes, metatarsalgia can go away with proper treatment and care. Resting the feet, wearing supportive footwear, using metatarsal pads, and following a podiatrist’s recommendations can significantly reduce symptoms over time. […] The recovery time for metatarsalgia varies depending on the severity of the condition and the treatment approach. Mild cases may improve within a few weeks, while more severe cases can take several months. Following a comprehensive treatment plan can speed up the healing process. […] If the pain in the ball of your foot doesn’t improve after several weeks of self-care, it’s crucial to seek professional help. Persistent discomfort may indicate a more serious underlying issue. […] Severe metatarsalgia can interfere with walking, exercising, or even standing for extended periods. If your mobility is affected, a podiatrist can recommend effective solutions. […] If your symptoms progressively worsen despite rest and treatment, it’s important to consult a specialist. This could signal a more advanced condition that needs medical attention.

• #67 Ball of the Foot Pain or Metatarsalgia – Timonium Foot and Ankle Center

  https://timoniumfootandankle.com/conditions/ball-of-the-foot-pain-or-metatarsalgia/

  Pain the in the ball of the foot, medically referred to as metatarsalgia, occurs when there is pain or inflammation beneath the metatarsal heads and around the metatarsal phalangeal joints. […] Pain across the ball of the foot when walking. Pain is most commonly felt beneath the 2nd and 3rd metatarsal heads, but can be felt beneath any of the metatarsal heads or metatarsal phalangeal joints. […] Swelling, mainly across the front of the foot and into the toes. […] Numbness and tingling. […] Joint stiffness. […] Joint pain. […] Ball of the foot pain or Metatarsalgia generally takes 6-8 weeks to improve and early activity on the healing bone and joint can result in a setback in recovery. […] Non-compliance can double the recovery time and can be very frustrating for patients. […] Early and aggressive conservative treatment is recommended to prevent further bone and joint injury such as stress fractures. […] If all conservative intervention fails, then surgical intervention may be required.

• #68 Metatarsalgia

  https://www.thefeetpeople.com.au/symptoms-we-treat/metatarsalgia/

  As metatarsalgia can include a range of problems or conditions, you may feel anything from a dull or throbbing ache to sharp severe pains at the ball of your foot. The pain will likely be exacerbated by walking, especially in hard or unsupportive shoes. […] You may find that your pain is localised to a specific joint or area that is tender to touch, swollen, red, or warm. You may also feel some burning or tingling if the nerves in the area have been affected. […] The speed of your recovery really depends on the severity of your pain and injury, and which specific structures have been injured. As this is a broad condition, recovery can take anywhere from weeks to months.

• #69 Metatarsalgia | NHS Lanarkshire

  https://www.nhslanarkshire.scot.nhs.uk/services/podiatry/metatarsalgia/

  If left untreated this can cause deformity of the affected toe. […] Pain relief can be an important part in helping you manage your symptoms and allow you to stay active. Taking suitable pain relief regularly allows you to move more normally and continue your usual activities without causing any damage. It is unlikely that medication alone will resolve your pain totally. For this reason we are using the term pain relief (A 30-50% reduction in pain would be deemed to be a good success).

• #70 Metatarsalgia – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/metatarsalgia/symptoms-causes/syc-20354790

  Metatarsalgia (met-uh-tahr-SAL-juh) is a condition in which the ball of the foot becomes painful and irritated. […] Symptoms of metatarsalgia can include: […] Sharp, aching or burning pain in the ball of the foot. The ball is the part of the sole just behind the toes. […] Pain that gets worse with standing, running, flexing the feet or walking. Doing any of these barefoot on a hard surface makes the pain worse. The pain gets better with rest. […] Not all foot problems need medical care. Sometimes feet ache after a long day of standing or a hard workout. But it’s best to act on foot pain that lasts more than a few days. Talk to your health care professional if you have a burning pain in the ball of your foot that doesn’t improve after changing your shoes and your activities. […] Left untreated, metatarsalgia might lead to pain in other parts of the same foot or in the other foot. Limping because of the foot pain of metatarsalgia also can cause pain in other parts of the body, such as the low back or hip.

• #71 Pain in the bottom of the foot – NHS

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/foot-pain/pain-in-the-bottom-of-the-foot/

  Pain in the bottom of your foot (arch, ball or sole) will often get better in a few weeks. See a GP if it does not improve. […] The pain in the bottom of your foot is stopping you doing normal activities. […] The pain is getting worse or keeps coming back. […] The pain has not improved after treating it at home for 2 weeks. […] You have any tingling or loss of sensation in your foot. […] You have diabetes and foot pain foot problems can be more serious if you have diabetes. […] You have severe pain in the bottom of your foot. […] You’re not able to walk. […] Your foot has changed shape or is at an odd angle. […] You heard a snap, grinding or popping noise at the time of injury. […] You feel faint, dizzy or sick from the pain. […] Pain in the bottom of your foot is often caused by exercise, such as running, wearing shoes that are too tight or a condition, such as Morton’s neuroma.

• #72 Pain in the bottom of the foot – NHS

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/foot-pain/pain-in-the-bottom-of-the-foot/

  Pain in the bottom of your foot (arch, ball or sole) will often get better in a few weeks. See a GP if it does not improve. […] The pain in the bottom of your foot is stopping you doing normal activities. […] The pain is getting worse or keeps coming back. […] The pain has not improved after treating it at home for 2 weeks. […] You have any tingling or loss of sensation in your foot. […] You have diabetes and foot pain foot problems can be more serious if you have diabetes. […] You have severe pain in the bottom of your foot. […] You’re not able to walk. […] Your foot has changed shape or is at an odd angle. […] You heard a snap, grinding or popping noise at the time of injury. […] You feel faint, dizzy or sick from the pain. […] Pain in the bottom of your foot is often caused by exercise, such as running, wearing shoes that are too tight or a condition, such as Morton’s neuroma.

• #73 Foot pain Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/symptoms/foot-pain

  Pain or discomfort can be felt anywhere in the foot. You may have pain in the heel, toes, arch, instep, or the bottom of the foot (sole). […] Contact your provider if: […] You have sudden, severe foot pain. […] Your foot pain began following an injury, especially if your foot is bleeding or bruising, or you cannot put weight on it. […] You have pain in your foot and have diabetes or a disease that affects blood flow. […] Your foot does not feel better after using at-home treatments for 1 to 2 weeks.

• #74 Pain in the ball of the foot

  https://www2.hse.ie/conditions/pain-in-the-ball-of-the-foot/

  Pain in the ball of your foot is known as metatarsalgia. You can usually ease the pain yourself. But talk to your GP if it does not improve. […] Talk to your GP if: the pain is severe or stopping you from doing normal activities, the pain is getting worse or keeps coming back, the pain has not improved after treating it at home for 2 weeks, you have any tingling or loss of sensation in your foot, you have diabetes foot problems can be more serious if you have diabetes. […] Common causes of pain in the ball of your foot are exercising too much or wearing shoes that are too tight. […] Your symptoms may help you find the cause of your foot pain.

• #75 Ball of Foot Pain -Foot Doctor Near Me- Beaver Valley Foot Clinic

  https://bvfootclinic.com/ball-of-foot-pain/

  Unfortunately yes, wearing high heels shifts your body weight forward which just like excess weights puts a lot of pressure on both legs and ball of foot resulting in pain, discomfort and inflammation. […] Consider seeing a doctor if you experience or notice any of the following signs: The pain is severe or persistent. The pain makes it hard for you to walk, and more daily activities. You ate noticing swelling, redness and warmth from the injured area. There are no improvements with home remedies and methods like ice, rest and heat therapy. You notice numbness and tingling. It’s hard to bear the pain on the affected foot even when just standing. You suspect an injury like fracture on sprain. It’s been too long and you haven’t take the treatment because you expected it to go away on its own. You are experiencing visible deformities such as bunions and hammertoes instead if improvement.

• #76 Foot pain Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/symptoms/foot-pain

  Pain or discomfort can be felt anywhere in the foot. You may have pain in the heel, toes, arch, instep, or the bottom of the foot (sole). […] Contact your provider if: […] You have sudden, severe foot pain. […] Your foot pain began following an injury, especially if your foot is bleeding or bruising, or you cannot put weight on it. […] You have pain in your foot and have diabetes or a disease that affects blood flow. […] Your foot does not feel better after using at-home treatments for 1 to 2 weeks.

• #77 Metatarsalgia – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/metatarsalgia/symptoms-causes/syc-20354790

  Metatarsalgia (met-uh-tahr-SAL-juh) is a condition in which the ball of the foot becomes painful and irritated. […] Symptoms of metatarsalgia can include: […] Sharp, aching or burning pain in the ball of the foot. The ball is the part of the sole just behind the toes. […] Pain that gets worse with standing, running, flexing the feet or walking. Doing any of these barefoot on a hard surface makes the pain worse. The pain gets better with rest. […] Not all foot problems need medical care. Sometimes feet ache after a long day of standing or a hard workout. But it’s best to act on foot pain that lasts more than a few days. Talk to your health care professional if you have a burning pain in the ball of your foot that doesn’t improve after changing your shoes and your activities. […] Left untreated, metatarsalgia might lead to pain in other parts of the same foot or in the other foot. Limping because of the foot pain of metatarsalgia also can cause pain in other parts of the body, such as the low back or hip.

• #78 Morton’s neuroma – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/mortons-neuroma/symptoms-causes/syc-20351935

  Morton’s neuroma involves a thickening of the tissue around one of the nerves leading to your toes. This can cause a sharp, burning pain in the ball of your foot. You may have stinging, burning or numbness in the affected toes. […] Morton’s neuroma is a painful condition that affects the ball of your foot, most commonly the area between your third and fourth toes. […] Typically, there’s no outward sign of this condition, such as a lump. Instead, you may experience the following symptoms: A burning pain in the ball of your foot that may radiate into your toes. […] It’s best not to ignore any foot pain that lasts longer than a few days. See your doctor if you experience a burning pain in the ball of your foot that’s not improving, despite changing your footwear and modifying activities that may cause stress to your foot.

• #79 Pain in the bottom of the foot – NHS

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/foot-pain/pain-in-the-bottom-of-the-foot/

  Pain in the bottom of your foot (arch, ball or sole) will often get better in a few weeks. See a GP if it does not improve. […] The pain in the bottom of your foot is stopping you doing normal activities. […] The pain is getting worse or keeps coming back. […] The pain has not improved after treating it at home for 2 weeks. […] You have any tingling or loss of sensation in your foot. […] You have diabetes and foot pain foot problems can be more serious if you have diabetes. […] You have severe pain in the bottom of your foot. […] You’re not able to walk. […] Your foot has changed shape or is at an odd angle. […] You heard a snap, grinding or popping noise at the time of injury. […] You feel faint, dizzy or sick from the pain. […] Pain in the bottom of your foot is often caused by exercise, such as running, wearing shoes that are too tight or a condition, such as Morton’s neuroma.

• #80 Pain in the ball of the foot

  https://www2.hse.ie/conditions/pain-in-the-ball-of-the-foot/

  Pain in the ball of your foot is known as metatarsalgia. You can usually ease the pain yourself. But talk to your GP if it does not improve. […] Talk to your GP if: the pain is severe or stopping you from doing normal activities, the pain is getting worse or keeps coming back, the pain has not improved after treating it at home for 2 weeks, you have any tingling or loss of sensation in your foot, you have diabetes foot problems can be more serious if you have diabetes. […] Common causes of pain in the ball of your foot are exercising too much or wearing shoes that are too tight. […] Your symptoms may help you find the cause of your foot pain.

• #81 Pain in the bottom of the foot – NHS

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/foot-pain/pain-in-the-bottom-of-the-foot/

  Pain in the bottom of your foot (arch, ball or sole) will often get better in a few weeks. See a GP if it does not improve. […] The pain in the bottom of your foot is stopping you doing normal activities. […] The pain is getting worse or keeps coming back. […] The pain has not improved after treating it at home for 2 weeks. […] You have any tingling or loss of sensation in your foot. […] You have diabetes and foot pain foot problems can be more serious if you have diabetes. […] You have severe pain in the bottom of your foot. […] You’re not able to walk. […] Your foot has changed shape or is at an odd angle. […] You heard a snap, grinding or popping noise at the time of injury. […] You feel faint, dizzy or sick from the pain. […] Pain in the bottom of your foot is often caused by exercise, such as running, wearing shoes that are too tight or a condition, such as Morton’s neuroma.

• #82 Metatarsalgia: Treatment, exercises, symptoms, and causes

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/190431

  Metatarsalgia involves pain in the ball of the foot. It stems from problems with the metatarsal bones. […] Metatarsal pain affects the ball of the foot and can: feel like walking on pebbles, feel like a burning, shooting, or sharp ache, be a general aching under the ball of the foot, occur under one or two metatarsal heads only or under all the metatarsal heads, range from mild to severe, often worsening when standing, walking, running, or flexing the toes, affect one or both feet, range from mild to severe, involve numbness or tingling in the toes, develop slowly or appear suddenly, especially if it results from a fracture or strain on the feet due to increased activity. […] The outlook will depend on the underlying cause of the pain.

• #83 Royal Orthopaedic Hospital – Metatarsalgia Forefoot Pain

  https://roh.nhs.uk/services-information/foot-and-ankle/metatarsalgia-forefoot-pain

  Metatarsalgia is a condition in which discomfort is felt under the forefoot region, often referred to as the ball of the foot. This is a generic name, which may have many underlying causes. […] The symptoms of metatarsalgia usually develop gradually and can get worse over time. […] The pain is varied and can range from mild to severe discomfort and is often made worse with standing or walking. It is sometimes described as a burning or aching sensation, sometimes sharp, shooting pains. […] Some medical conditions may lead to pain in the balls of the feet. […] Age – the fat pad that protects the foot can thin with age, making patients more likely to feel pain in the ball of their foot.

• #84 How to Treat Pain in the Ball of the Foot from Metatarsalgia

  https://ankleandfootcenters.com/pain-in-the-ball-of-the-foot/

  Yes, metatarsalgia can go away with proper treatment and care. Resting the feet, wearing supportive footwear, using metatarsal pads, and following a podiatrist’s recommendations can significantly reduce symptoms over time. […] The recovery time for metatarsalgia varies depending on the severity of the condition and the treatment approach. Mild cases may improve within a few weeks, while more severe cases can take several months. Following a comprehensive treatment plan can speed up the healing process. […] If the pain in the ball of your foot doesn’t improve after several weeks of self-care, it’s crucial to seek professional help. Persistent discomfort may indicate a more serious underlying issue. […] Severe metatarsalgia can interfere with walking, exercising, or even standing for extended periods. If your mobility is affected, a podiatrist can recommend effective solutions. […] If your symptoms progressively worsen despite rest and treatment, it’s important to consult a specialist. This could signal a more advanced condition that needs medical attention.

• #85 Ball of the Foot Pain or Metatarsalgia – Timonium Foot and Ankle Center

  https://timoniumfootandankle.com/conditions/ball-of-the-foot-pain-or-metatarsalgia/

  Pain the in the ball of the foot, medically referred to as metatarsalgia, occurs when there is pain or inflammation beneath the metatarsal heads and around the metatarsal phalangeal joints. […] Pain across the ball of the foot when walking. Pain is most commonly felt beneath the 2nd and 3rd metatarsal heads, but can be felt beneath any of the metatarsal heads or metatarsal phalangeal joints. […] Swelling, mainly across the front of the foot and into the toes. […] Numbness and tingling. […] Joint stiffness. […] Joint pain. […] Ball of the foot pain or Metatarsalgia generally takes 6-8 weeks to improve and early activity on the healing bone and joint can result in a setback in recovery. […] Non-compliance can double the recovery time and can be very frustrating for patients. […] Early and aggressive conservative treatment is recommended to prevent further bone and joint injury such as stress fractures. […] If all conservative intervention fails, then surgical intervention may be required.

• #86 Pain in the bottom of the foot – NHS

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/foot-pain/pain-in-the-bottom-of-the-foot/

  Pain in the bottom of your foot (arch, ball or sole) will often get better in a few weeks. See a GP if it does not improve. […] The pain in the bottom of your foot is stopping you doing normal activities. […] The pain is getting worse or keeps coming back. […] The pain has not improved after treating it at home for 2 weeks. […] You have any tingling or loss of sensation in your foot. […] You have diabetes and foot pain foot problems can be more serious if you have diabetes. […] You have severe pain in the bottom of your foot. […] You’re not able to walk. […] Your foot has changed shape or is at an odd angle. […] You heard a snap, grinding or popping noise at the time of injury. […] You feel faint, dizzy or sick from the pain. […] Pain in the bottom of your foot is often caused by exercise, such as running, wearing shoes that are too tight or a condition, such as Morton’s neuroma.

• #87 Foot pain Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/symptoms/foot-pain

  Pain or discomfort can be felt anywhere in the foot. You may have pain in the heel, toes, arch, instep, or the bottom of the foot (sole). […] Contact your provider if: […] You have sudden, severe foot pain. […] Your foot pain began following an injury, especially if your foot is bleeding or bruising, or you cannot put weight on it. […] You have pain in your foot and have diabetes or a disease that affects blood flow. […] Your foot does not feel better after using at-home treatments for 1 to 2 weeks.

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