Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Calciphylaxis

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5907931/

  Calciphylaxis remains a poorly understood vascular calcification disorder with predilection for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Recent data from large patient registries and databases have begun to provide information regarding incidence, risk factors, and outcomes in patients with calciphylaxis. […] The most recent estimate places the incidence of calciphylaxis at 3.5 new cases/1000 patient-years among the patients with ESRD on chronic hemodialysis. […] A recent nation-wide study conducted in the Fresenius Medical Care North America (FMCNA) dialysis units reported calciphylaxis incidence rate of 3.49 per 1000 patient-years among the patients with ESRD on chronic hemodialysis. […] A recent report from the German Calciphylaxis Registry recorded calciphylaxis reporting rate of ~30 new cases/year among the dialysis patients from Germany (equal to an annual incidence of ~0.04%) during more than 8-year study period that extended from December 2006 to March 2015.

• #2 Calciphylaxis: Background, Pathophysiology, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1095481-overview

  Calciphylaxis is an uncommon condition that affects 1-4% of the population with ESRD. […] A concern exists that the incidence has increased during the last decade because of a number of possible factors, including more widespread use of parenteral vitamin D and iron dextran. […] In a study using data from the Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry, the incidence of calciphylaxis episodes among patients on dialysis was found to be 4.5 (range, 4.1-5.1) per 1000 patient-years on dialysis. […] The incidence of calciphylaxis in the general population without ESRD is not known with certainty, but it is even lower. […] Calciphylaxis has been reported in individuals ranging in age from 6 months to 83 years. […] From a large series of patients, a mean patient age of 48 (16) years has been calculated. […] Females are affected more often than males, with a female-to-male ratio of approximately 3:1. […] Although the disease may affect persons of any race, it appears to be more prevalent in Whites.

• #3 Calciphylaxis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK519020/

  Although calciphylaxis can develop in the absence of kidney disease, most cases occur in patients with advanced renal failure. The incidence of calciphylaxis in dialysis patients ranges from 0.04% to 4%, and the rate appears to be rising over the last decade.[4] […] Calciphylaxis is associated with substantial morbidity due to severe pain, non-healing wounds, and frequent hospitalizations. It is a highly fatal condition with 1-year mortality rates greater than 50%, most frequently due to sepsis. […] The outlook for most patients with calciphylaxis is poor. Most patients have a poor quality of life and suffer from excruciating pain, which is often not responsive to conventional analgesics.

• #4

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11606-014-2910-1

  The most recent annual incidence of calciphylaxis was noted to be 5.7 cases per 10,000 chronic hemodialysis patients. […] We have described development and application of an innovative research algorithm to investigate the epidemiology of calciphylaxis, a rare disease with significant morbidity and mortality seen in chronic hemodialysis patients. […] To the best of our knowledge, ours is the first study to systematically investigate the incidence and mortality of calciphylaxis at a national level in the United States. […] Our study provides valuable information for future patient-oriented research in calciphylaxis and also serves as a template for investigations in other rare diseases.

• #5 Calciphylaxis

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5907931/

  Calciphylaxis remains a poorly understood vascular calcification disorder with predilection for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Recent data from large patient registries and databases have begun to provide information regarding incidence, risk factors, and outcomes in patients with calciphylaxis. […] The most recent estimate places the incidence of calciphylaxis at 3.5 new cases/1000 patient-years among the patients with ESRD on chronic hemodialysis. […] A recent nation-wide study conducted in the Fresenius Medical Care North America (FMCNA) dialysis units reported calciphylaxis incidence rate of 3.49 per 1000 patient-years among the patients with ESRD on chronic hemodialysis. […] A recent report from the German Calciphylaxis Registry recorded calciphylaxis reporting rate of ~30 new cases/year among the dialysis patients from Germany (equal to an annual incidence of ~0.04%) during more than 8-year study period that extended from December 2006 to March 2015.

• #6 Calciphylaxis

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5907931/

  Calciphylaxis remains a poorly understood vascular calcification disorder with predilection for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Recent data from large patient registries and databases have begun to provide information regarding incidence, risk factors, and outcomes in patients with calciphylaxis. […] The most recent estimate places the incidence of calciphylaxis at 3.5 new cases/1000 patient-years among the patients with ESRD on chronic hemodialysis. […] A recent nation-wide study conducted in the Fresenius Medical Care North America (FMCNA) dialysis units reported calciphylaxis incidence rate of 3.49 per 1000 patient-years among the patients with ESRD on chronic hemodialysis. […] A recent report from the German Calciphylaxis Registry recorded calciphylaxis reporting rate of ~30 new cases/year among the dialysis patients from Germany (equal to an annual incidence of ~0.04%) during more than 8-year study period that extended from December 2006 to March 2015.

• #7 Calciphylaxis: Background, Pathophysiology, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1095481-overview

  Calciphylaxis is an uncommon condition that affects 1-4% of the population with ESRD. […] A concern exists that the incidence has increased during the last decade because of a number of possible factors, including more widespread use of parenteral vitamin D and iron dextran. […] In a study using data from the Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry, the incidence of calciphylaxis episodes among patients on dialysis was found to be 4.5 (range, 4.1-5.1) per 1000 patient-years on dialysis. […] The incidence of calciphylaxis in the general population without ESRD is not known with certainty, but it is even lower. […] Calciphylaxis has been reported in individuals ranging in age from 6 months to 83 years. […] From a large series of patients, a mean patient age of 48 (16) years has been calculated. […] Females are affected more often than males, with a female-to-male ratio of approximately 3:1. […] Although the disease may affect persons of any race, it appears to be more prevalent in Whites.

• #8

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11606-014-2910-1

  The most recent annual incidence of calciphylaxis was noted to be 5.7 cases per 10,000 chronic hemodialysis patients. […] We have described development and application of an innovative research algorithm to investigate the epidemiology of calciphylaxis, a rare disease with significant morbidity and mortality seen in chronic hemodialysis patients. […] To the best of our knowledge, ours is the first study to systematically investigate the incidence and mortality of calciphylaxis at a national level in the United States. […] Our study provides valuable information for future patient-oriented research in calciphylaxis and also serves as a template for investigations in other rare diseases.

• #9 Calciphylaxis Incidence Rising, Study Finds – Renal and Urology News

  https://www.renalandurologynews.com/news/calciphylaxis-incidence-rising-study-finds/

  Calciphylaxis, a rare and potentially fatal disorder seen predominantly among patients with end-stage renal disease, has been increasing significantly in incidence, according to researchers who developed a novel algorithm to characterize the disorders epidemiology. […] To the best of our knowledge, ours is the first study to systematically investigate the incidence and mortality of calciphylaxis at a national level in the United States, the authors wrote. […] The researchers noted that calciphylaxis incidence spiked during 20062007, and this corresponded with the addition of calciphylaxis under code 275.49 in October 2006. Still, calciphylaxis incidence continued rising even after limiting their analysis to 2007 onward. The incidence per 10,000 chronic HD patients rose significantly from 3.7 in 2007 to 5.7 in 2011.

• #10 Orphanet: Calciphylaxis

  https://www.orpha.net/en/disease/detail/280062

  Calciphylaxis typically affects patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) treated with dialysis. Incidence amongst patients on hemodialysis varies worldwide, ranging from 0.35 % in the USA to less than 0.03% in Japan. A report suggests an increasing incidence in the USA. The incidence in kidney-transplant recipients and in patients without ESKD, including among those with earlier stages of chronic kidney disease, is unknown. Approximately 60 to 70% of patients with calciphylaxis are women. […] Diagnosis is suspected on clinical presentation. Skin biopsy may facilitate exclusion of conditions that mimic calciphylaxis. […] There is no approved treatment for calciphylaxis. Treatment focuses on pain control, wound management, and mitigation of risk factors. Off label treatments like sodium thiosulfate are frequently used clinically.

• #11 Calciphylaxis Market Size, Industry Trends and Forecast 2024-2034

  https://www.imarcgroup.com/calciphylaxis-market

  Calciphylaxis Market: Epidemiology, Industry Trends, Share, Size, Growth, Opportunity, and Forecast 2024-2034. The calciphylaxis market has been comprehensively analyzed in IMARC’s new report titled „Calciphylaxis Market: Epidemiology, Industry Trends, Share, Size, Growth, Opportunity, and Forecast 2024-2034”. […] The incidence among patients on hemodialysis varies globally, ranging from 0.35% in the United States to less than 0.03% in Japan. […] Patients with calciphylaxis are diagnosed at a median age of 60 years, with women accounting for 60-70% of the total. […] This condition has a 55% one-year death rate. […] What is the number of prevalent cases (2018-2034) of calciphylaxis across the seven major markets? […] What is the size of the calciphylaxis patient pool (2018-2023) across the seven major markets? […] What would be the forecasted patient pool (2024-2034) across the seven major markets? […] What are the key factors driving the epidemiological trend of calciphylaxis? […] What will be the growth rate of patients across the seven major markets?

• #12 Calciphylaxis

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5907931/

  In the German Calciphylaxis Registry, 10% of the total calciphylaxis patients had ESRD treated with peritoneal dialysis and 13% of the total patients with calciphylaxis had ESRD treated with renal transplantation. […] In the German Calciphylaxis Registry, the calciphylaxis incidence was reportedly stable over a more than 8-year study period. […] Previous reports from the United States Renal Data System and single center experience have suggested that the incidence of calciphylaxis may be on the rise. […] Findings from recent large studies provide important insights into the predisposing factors for calciphylaxis. […] Future studies are needed to investigate how the risk of calciphylaxis differs across the different modalities of renal replacement therapy, to examine the effects of temporal changes in risk factors (e.g. phosphorous) as they relate to calciphylaxis, and to determine whether risk factors differ for calciphylaxis based on lesion characteristics (e.g. location, ulceration).

• #13 Calciphylaxis

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5907931/

  In the German Calciphylaxis Registry, 10% of the total calciphylaxis patients had ESRD treated with peritoneal dialysis and 13% of the total patients with calciphylaxis had ESRD treated with renal transplantation. […] In the German Calciphylaxis Registry, the calciphylaxis incidence was reportedly stable over a more than 8-year study period. […] Previous reports from the United States Renal Data System and single center experience have suggested that the incidence of calciphylaxis may be on the rise. […] Findings from recent large studies provide important insights into the predisposing factors for calciphylaxis. […] Future studies are needed to investigate how the risk of calciphylaxis differs across the different modalities of renal replacement therapy, to examine the effects of temporal changes in risk factors (e.g. phosphorous) as they relate to calciphylaxis, and to determine whether risk factors differ for calciphylaxis based on lesion characteristics (e.g. location, ulceration).

• #14 Calciphylaxis | 5-Minute Clinical Consult

  https://im.unboundmedicine.com/medicine/view/5-Minute-Clinical-Consult/816114/3.1/Calciphylaxis

  35 cases per 10,000 ESRD patients undergoing HD in United States. […] Increasing incidence reported due to increasing awareness. […] ~14% of the dialysis population.

• #15 Calciphylaxis: Background, Pathophysiology, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1095481-overview

  Calciphylaxis is an uncommon condition that affects 1-4% of the population with ESRD. […] A concern exists that the incidence has increased during the last decade because of a number of possible factors, including more widespread use of parenteral vitamin D and iron dextran. […] In a study using data from the Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry, the incidence of calciphylaxis episodes among patients on dialysis was found to be 4.5 (range, 4.1-5.1) per 1000 patient-years on dialysis. […] The incidence of calciphylaxis in the general population without ESRD is not known with certainty, but it is even lower. […] Calciphylaxis has been reported in individuals ranging in age from 6 months to 83 years. […] From a large series of patients, a mean patient age of 48 (16) years has been calculated. […] Females are affected more often than males, with a female-to-male ratio of approximately 3:1. […] Although the disease may affect persons of any race, it appears to be more prevalent in Whites.

• #16 Update on Calciphylaxis Etiopathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management | MDedge

  https://blogs.the-hospitalist.org/content/update-calciphylaxis-etiopathogenesis-diagnosis-and-management

  Calciphylaxis is considered a rare dermatosis with an estimated annual incidence of 1% to 4% in ESRD patients on dialysis. Recent data suggest that incidence of calciphylaxis is rising, which may stem from an increased use of calcium-based phosphate binders, an actual rise in disease incidence, and/or increased recognition of the disease. It is difficult to estimate the exact disease burden of calciphylaxis because the diagnostic criteria are not well defined, often leading to missed or delayed diagnosis. Furthermore, there is no centralized registry for calciphylaxis cases. […] Multi-institution cohort studies and collaborative registries are needed to provide updated information related to the epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, morbidity, and mortality associated with calciphylaxis and to help formulate evidence-based diagnostic criteria.

• #17 Calciphylaxis Incidence Rising, Study Finds – Renal and Urology News

  https://www.renalandurologynews.com/news/calciphylaxis-incidence-rising-study-finds/

  Calciphylaxis, a rare and potentially fatal disorder seen predominantly among patients with end-stage renal disease, has been increasing significantly in incidence, according to researchers who developed a novel algorithm to characterize the disorders epidemiology. […] To the best of our knowledge, ours is the first study to systematically investigate the incidence and mortality of calciphylaxis at a national level in the United States, the authors wrote. […] The researchers noted that calciphylaxis incidence spiked during 20062007, and this corresponded with the addition of calciphylaxis under code 275.49 in October 2006. Still, calciphylaxis incidence continued rising even after limiting their analysis to 2007 onward. The incidence per 10,000 chronic HD patients rose significantly from 3.7 in 2007 to 5.7 in 2011.

• #18 Calciphylaxis Incidence Rising, Study Finds – Renal and Urology News

  https://www.renalandurologynews.com/news/calciphylaxis-incidence-rising-study-finds/

  Calciphylaxis, a rare and potentially fatal disorder seen predominantly among patients with end-stage renal disease, has been increasing significantly in incidence, according to researchers who developed a novel algorithm to characterize the disorders epidemiology. […] To the best of our knowledge, ours is the first study to systematically investigate the incidence and mortality of calciphylaxis at a national level in the United States, the authors wrote. […] The researchers noted that calciphylaxis incidence spiked during 20062007, and this corresponded with the addition of calciphylaxis under code 275.49 in October 2006. Still, calciphylaxis incidence continued rising even after limiting their analysis to 2007 onward. The incidence per 10,000 chronic HD patients rose significantly from 3.7 in 2007 to 5.7 in 2011.

• #19 Calciphylaxis

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5907931/

  In the German Calciphylaxis Registry, 10% of the total calciphylaxis patients had ESRD treated with peritoneal dialysis and 13% of the total patients with calciphylaxis had ESRD treated with renal transplantation. […] In the German Calciphylaxis Registry, the calciphylaxis incidence was reportedly stable over a more than 8-year study period. […] Previous reports from the United States Renal Data System and single center experience have suggested that the incidence of calciphylaxis may be on the rise. […] Findings from recent large studies provide important insights into the predisposing factors for calciphylaxis. […] Future studies are needed to investigate how the risk of calciphylaxis differs across the different modalities of renal replacement therapy, to examine the effects of temporal changes in risk factors (e.g. phosphorous) as they relate to calciphylaxis, and to determine whether risk factors differ for calciphylaxis based on lesion characteristics (e.g. location, ulceration).

• #20 Calciphylaxis

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5907931/

  In the German Calciphylaxis Registry, 10% of the total calciphylaxis patients had ESRD treated with peritoneal dialysis and 13% of the total patients with calciphylaxis had ESRD treated with renal transplantation. […] In the German Calciphylaxis Registry, the calciphylaxis incidence was reportedly stable over a more than 8-year study period. […] Previous reports from the United States Renal Data System and single center experience have suggested that the incidence of calciphylaxis may be on the rise. […] Findings from recent large studies provide important insights into the predisposing factors for calciphylaxis. […] Future studies are needed to investigate how the risk of calciphylaxis differs across the different modalities of renal replacement therapy, to examine the effects of temporal changes in risk factors (e.g. phosphorous) as they relate to calciphylaxis, and to determine whether risk factors differ for calciphylaxis based on lesion characteristics (e.g. location, ulceration).

• #21 Orphanet: Calciphylaxis

  https://www.orpha.net/en/disease/detail/280062

  Calciphylaxis typically affects patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) treated with dialysis. Incidence amongst patients on hemodialysis varies worldwide, ranging from 0.35 % in the USA to less than 0.03% in Japan. A report suggests an increasing incidence in the USA. The incidence in kidney-transplant recipients and in patients without ESKD, including among those with earlier stages of chronic kidney disease, is unknown. Approximately 60 to 70% of patients with calciphylaxis are women. […] Diagnosis is suspected on clinical presentation. Skin biopsy may facilitate exclusion of conditions that mimic calciphylaxis. […] There is no approved treatment for calciphylaxis. Treatment focuses on pain control, wound management, and mitigation of risk factors. Off label treatments like sodium thiosulfate are frequently used clinically.

• #22 Calciphylaxis (calcific uremic arteriolopathy) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/calciphylaxis-calcific-uremic-arteriolopathy

  Calciphylaxis most commonly occurs in patients who have end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) and are on dialysis but may also occur in kidney transplant recipients and in non-ESKD patients. […] This topic reviews the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of calciphylaxis in ESKD (calcific uremic arteriolopathy) and non-ESKD patients. […] There is no approved treatment for calciphylaxis.

• #23 Calciphylaxis in peritoneal dialysis patients: a single center cohort | IJNRD

  https://www.dovepress.com/calciphylaxis-in-peritoneal-dialysis-patients-a-single-center-cohort-s-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IJNRD

  Calciphylaxis is a rare but devastating condition in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. Most research in the field of calciphylaxis is focused on hemodialysis (HD) patients; however, data on calciphylaxis incidence, risk factors, and mortality in peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients are limited. […] Our study provides critical early insights into calciphylaxis incidence, risk factors, and prognosis in PD patients. […] Despite first descriptions of calciphylaxis over 5 decades ago, little is known regarding its epidemiology and risk factors in PD patients. […] In our single center cohort of 63 PD patients, 7 patients developed calciphylaxis during the 15-year study follow-up period. […] Calciphylaxis incidence rate of 9.0 per 1,000 patient-years in our PD cohort is higher than the recently reported calciphylaxis incidence in HD patients of 3.5 cases per 1,000 patient-years.

• #24 Calciphylaxis – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calciphylaxis

  Calciphylaxis most commonly occurs in patients with end-stage renal disease who are on hemodialysis or who have recently received a kidney transplant. […] When reported in patients without end-stage renal disease (such as in earlier stages of chronic kidney disease or in normal kidney function), it is called non-uremic calciphylaxis by Nigwekar et al. […] Non-uremic calciphylaxis has been observed in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism, breast cancer (treated with chemotherapy), liver cirrhosis (due to hazardous alcohol use), cholangiocarcinoma, Crohn’s disease, rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). […] Calciphylaxis, regardless of etiology, has been reported at an incidence of 35 in 10,000 dialysis patients per year in the United States, 4 in 10,000 patients in Germany, and less than 1 in 10,000 patients in Japan.

• #25 Calciphylaxis

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5907931/

  In the German Calciphylaxis Registry, 10% of the total calciphylaxis patients had ESRD treated with peritoneal dialysis and 13% of the total patients with calciphylaxis had ESRD treated with renal transplantation. […] In the German Calciphylaxis Registry, the calciphylaxis incidence was reportedly stable over a more than 8-year study period. […] Previous reports from the United States Renal Data System and single center experience have suggested that the incidence of calciphylaxis may be on the rise. […] Findings from recent large studies provide important insights into the predisposing factors for calciphylaxis. […] Future studies are needed to investigate how the risk of calciphylaxis differs across the different modalities of renal replacement therapy, to examine the effects of temporal changes in risk factors (e.g. phosphorous) as they relate to calciphylaxis, and to determine whether risk factors differ for calciphylaxis based on lesion characteristics (e.g. location, ulceration).

• #26 Orphanet: Calciphylaxis

  https://www.orpha.net/en/disease/detail/280062

  Calciphylaxis typically affects patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) treated with dialysis. Incidence amongst patients on hemodialysis varies worldwide, ranging from 0.35 % in the USA to less than 0.03% in Japan. A report suggests an increasing incidence in the USA. The incidence in kidney-transplant recipients and in patients without ESKD, including among those with earlier stages of chronic kidney disease, is unknown. Approximately 60 to 70% of patients with calciphylaxis are women. […] Diagnosis is suspected on clinical presentation. Skin biopsy may facilitate exclusion of conditions that mimic calciphylaxis. […] There is no approved treatment for calciphylaxis. Treatment focuses on pain control, wound management, and mitigation of risk factors. Off label treatments like sodium thiosulfate are frequently used clinically.

• #27 Calciphylaxis: Background, Pathophysiology, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1095481-overview

  Calciphylaxis is an uncommon condition that affects 1-4% of the population with ESRD. […] A concern exists that the incidence has increased during the last decade because of a number of possible factors, including more widespread use of parenteral vitamin D and iron dextran. […] In a study using data from the Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry, the incidence of calciphylaxis episodes among patients on dialysis was found to be 4.5 (range, 4.1-5.1) per 1000 patient-years on dialysis. […] The incidence of calciphylaxis in the general population without ESRD is not known with certainty, but it is even lower. […] Calciphylaxis has been reported in individuals ranging in age from 6 months to 83 years. […] From a large series of patients, a mean patient age of 48 (16) years has been calculated. […] Females are affected more often than males, with a female-to-male ratio of approximately 3:1. […] Although the disease may affect persons of any race, it appears to be more prevalent in Whites.

• #28 Calciphylaxis Market Size, Industry Trends and Forecast 2024-2034

  https://www.imarcgroup.com/calciphylaxis-market

  Calciphylaxis Market: Epidemiology, Industry Trends, Share, Size, Growth, Opportunity, and Forecast 2024-2034. The calciphylaxis market has been comprehensively analyzed in IMARC’s new report titled „Calciphylaxis Market: Epidemiology, Industry Trends, Share, Size, Growth, Opportunity, and Forecast 2024-2034”. […] The incidence among patients on hemodialysis varies globally, ranging from 0.35% in the United States to less than 0.03% in Japan. […] Patients with calciphylaxis are diagnosed at a median age of 60 years, with women accounting for 60-70% of the total. […] This condition has a 55% one-year death rate. […] What is the number of prevalent cases (2018-2034) of calciphylaxis across the seven major markets? […] What is the size of the calciphylaxis patient pool (2018-2023) across the seven major markets? […] What would be the forecasted patient pool (2024-2034) across the seven major markets? […] What are the key factors driving the epidemiological trend of calciphylaxis? […] What will be the growth rate of patients across the seven major markets?

• #29 Calciphylaxis: Background, Pathophysiology, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1095481-overview

  Calciphylaxis is an uncommon condition that affects 1-4% of the population with ESRD. […] A concern exists that the incidence has increased during the last decade because of a number of possible factors, including more widespread use of parenteral vitamin D and iron dextran. […] In a study using data from the Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry, the incidence of calciphylaxis episodes among patients on dialysis was found to be 4.5 (range, 4.1-5.1) per 1000 patient-years on dialysis. […] The incidence of calciphylaxis in the general population without ESRD is not known with certainty, but it is even lower. […] Calciphylaxis has been reported in individuals ranging in age from 6 months to 83 years. […] From a large series of patients, a mean patient age of 48 (16) years has been calculated. […] Females are affected more often than males, with a female-to-male ratio of approximately 3:1. […] Although the disease may affect persons of any race, it appears to be more prevalent in Whites.

• #30 Calciphylaxis – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calciphylaxis

  It is unknown whether the higher incidence in the United States is due to genuinely higher incidence or due to underreporting in other countries. […] Annual incidence in kidney transplant patients and in non-uremic calciphylaxis patients is also unknown. […] The median age of patients at diagnosis of calciphylaxis is 60 years and the majority of these patients are women (60-70%). […] The location of lesions, central (located on the trunk) or peripheral (located on the extremities), is dependent on several risk factors. Central lesions are associated with younger patients, patients with a higher body mass index, and a higher risk of death than those who have peripheral-only lesions.

• #31 Calciphylaxis: Background, Pathophysiology, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1095481-overview

  Calciphylaxis is an uncommon condition that affects 1-4% of the population with ESRD. […] A concern exists that the incidence has increased during the last decade because of a number of possible factors, including more widespread use of parenteral vitamin D and iron dextran. […] In a study using data from the Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry, the incidence of calciphylaxis episodes among patients on dialysis was found to be 4.5 (range, 4.1-5.1) per 1000 patient-years on dialysis. […] The incidence of calciphylaxis in the general population without ESRD is not known with certainty, but it is even lower. […] Calciphylaxis has been reported in individuals ranging in age from 6 months to 83 years. […] From a large series of patients, a mean patient age of 48 (16) years has been calculated. […] Females are affected more often than males, with a female-to-male ratio of approximately 3:1. […] Although the disease may affect persons of any race, it appears to be more prevalent in Whites.

• #32 FF #325 Uremic Calciphylaxis – Palliative Care Network of Wisconsin

  https://www.mypcnow.org/fast-fact/uremic-calciphylaxis/?print=print

  Calciphylaxis occurs in 4% of ESRD patients on peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis and can occasionally occur in pre-dialysis renal disease. […] Risk factors include: female sex; Caucasian race; obesity; diabetes mellitus; hyperparathyroidism; albumin < 3; hypercoagulable states; and exposure to certain medications such as warfarin, iron, vitamin D, and corticosteroids. [...] The one-year mortality rate for calciphylaxis is estimated to be 45-80%, which may be even higher when ulcerative skin lesions are present. [...] Considering the one-year mortality risk, the diagnosis of calciphylaxis should prompt clinicians to engage patients and families in a larger discussion regarding advance directives, prognosis, and goals of care.

• #33 Calciphylaxis epidemiology, risk factors, treatment and survival among French chronic kidney disease patients: a case-control study | BMC Nephrology | Full Text

  https://bmcnephrol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12882-020-01722-y

  In order to explore risk factors of CUA among dialyzed patients, each CUA dialysis patient was matched with two controls identified in the REIN registry of treated ESRD in France. Matching criteria were: gender, age (±2 years), treatment by hemodialysis in the same geographical area and at the same time of CUA diagnosis in the case. […] […] Univariate logistic regression analysis revealed dialyzed CUA patients had significantly more diabetes mellitus, diabetes and/or hypertension associated nephropathy, symptomatic peripheral vascular disease, history of cardiac failure or of pathologic fracture. They had increased adjusted serum calcium, serum phosphate, calcium phosphate product, normalized iPTH and CRP in the 6 months prior to identification of lesions. By multivariate analysis, risk factors independently associated CUA in dialyzed patients were obesity, coronary artery disease, weight loss over the last 6 months, serum phosphate increase within 6 months before diagnosis and VKA therapy. […]

• #34 New Calciphylaxis Risk Factor Identified – Renal and Urology News

  https://www.renalandurologynews.com/news/new-calciphylaxis-risk-factor-identified/

  Unintentional weight loss, obesity, and use of vitamin K antagonists (VKA) are among the risk factors for calciphylaxis in patients on hemodialysis (HD), according to new study findings from a case-control study published in BMC Nephrology. […] Our study confirms the data reported by others on CUA but showed for the first time the contribution of significant unintentional weight loss, Dr Gaisnes team wrote. […] Calciphylaxis mainly involved obese patients on VKA therapy, the authors concluded. Malnutrition and inflammation preceded the onset of skin lesions and could be warning signs among dialysis patients at risk.

• #35 FF #325 Uremic Calciphylaxis – Palliative Care Network of Wisconsin

  https://www.mypcnow.org/fast-fact/uremic-calciphylaxis/?print=print

  Calciphylaxis occurs in 4% of ESRD patients on peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis and can occasionally occur in pre-dialysis renal disease. […] Risk factors include: female sex; Caucasian race; obesity; diabetes mellitus; hyperparathyroidism; albumin < 3; hypercoagulable states; and exposure to certain medications such as warfarin, iron, vitamin D, and corticosteroids. [...] The one-year mortality rate for calciphylaxis is estimated to be 45-80%, which may be even higher when ulcerative skin lesions are present. [...] Considering the one-year mortality risk, the diagnosis of calciphylaxis should prompt clinicians to engage patients and families in a larger discussion regarding advance directives, prognosis, and goals of care.

• #36 Calciphylaxis epidemiology, risk factors, treatment and survival among French chronic kidney disease patients: a case-control study | BMC Nephrology | Full Text

  https://bmcnephrol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12882-020-01722-y

  In order to explore risk factors of CUA among dialyzed patients, each CUA dialysis patient was matched with two controls identified in the REIN registry of treated ESRD in France. Matching criteria were: gender, age (±2 years), treatment by hemodialysis in the same geographical area and at the same time of CUA diagnosis in the case. […] […] Univariate logistic regression analysis revealed dialyzed CUA patients had significantly more diabetes mellitus, diabetes and/or hypertension associated nephropathy, symptomatic peripheral vascular disease, history of cardiac failure or of pathologic fracture. They had increased adjusted serum calcium, serum phosphate, calcium phosphate product, normalized iPTH and CRP in the 6 months prior to identification of lesions. By multivariate analysis, risk factors independently associated CUA in dialyzed patients were obesity, coronary artery disease, weight loss over the last 6 months, serum phosphate increase within 6 months before diagnosis and VKA therapy. […]

• #37 FF #325 Uremic Calciphylaxis – Palliative Care Network of Wisconsin

  https://www.mypcnow.org/fast-fact/uremic-calciphylaxis/?print=print

  Calciphylaxis occurs in 4% of ESRD patients on peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis and can occasionally occur in pre-dialysis renal disease. […] Risk factors include: female sex; Caucasian race; obesity; diabetes mellitus; hyperparathyroidism; albumin < 3; hypercoagulable states; and exposure to certain medications such as warfarin, iron, vitamin D, and corticosteroids. [...] The one-year mortality rate for calciphylaxis is estimated to be 45-80%, which may be even higher when ulcerative skin lesions are present. [...] Considering the one-year mortality risk, the diagnosis of calciphylaxis should prompt clinicians to engage patients and families in a larger discussion regarding advance directives, prognosis, and goals of care.

• #38 Calciphylaxis epidemiology, risk factors, treatment and survival among French chronic kidney disease patients: a case-control study | BMC Nephrology | Full Text

  https://bmcnephrol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12882-020-01722-y

  In order to explore risk factors of CUA among dialyzed patients, each CUA dialysis patient was matched with two controls identified in the REIN registry of treated ESRD in France. Matching criteria were: gender, age (±2 years), treatment by hemodialysis in the same geographical area and at the same time of CUA diagnosis in the case. […] […] Univariate logistic regression analysis revealed dialyzed CUA patients had significantly more diabetes mellitus, diabetes and/or hypertension associated nephropathy, symptomatic peripheral vascular disease, history of cardiac failure or of pathologic fracture. They had increased adjusted serum calcium, serum phosphate, calcium phosphate product, normalized iPTH and CRP in the 6 months prior to identification of lesions. By multivariate analysis, risk factors independently associated CUA in dialyzed patients were obesity, coronary artery disease, weight loss over the last 6 months, serum phosphate increase within 6 months before diagnosis and VKA therapy. […]

• #39 Calciphylaxis epidemiology, risk factors, treatment and survival among French chronic kidney disease patients: a case-control study | BMC Nephrology | Full Text

  https://bmcnephrol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12882-020-01722-y

  In order to explore risk factors of CUA among dialyzed patients, each CUA dialysis patient was matched with two controls identified in the REIN registry of treated ESRD in France. Matching criteria were: gender, age (±2 years), treatment by hemodialysis in the same geographical area and at the same time of CUA diagnosis in the case. […] […] Univariate logistic regression analysis revealed dialyzed CUA patients had significantly more diabetes mellitus, diabetes and/or hypertension associated nephropathy, symptomatic peripheral vascular disease, history of cardiac failure or of pathologic fracture. They had increased adjusted serum calcium, serum phosphate, calcium phosphate product, normalized iPTH and CRP in the 6 months prior to identification of lesions. By multivariate analysis, risk factors independently associated CUA in dialyzed patients were obesity, coronary artery disease, weight loss over the last 6 months, serum phosphate increase within 6 months before diagnosis and VKA therapy. […]

• #40 New Calciphylaxis Risk Factor Identified – Renal and Urology News

  https://www.renalandurologynews.com/news/new-calciphylaxis-risk-factor-identified/

  Unintentional weight loss, obesity, and use of vitamin K antagonists (VKA) are among the risk factors for calciphylaxis in patients on hemodialysis (HD), according to new study findings from a case-control study published in BMC Nephrology. […] Our study confirms the data reported by others on CUA but showed for the first time the contribution of significant unintentional weight loss, Dr Gaisnes team wrote. […] Calciphylaxis mainly involved obese patients on VKA therapy, the authors concluded. Malnutrition and inflammation preceded the onset of skin lesions and could be warning signs among dialysis patients at risk.

• #41 New Calciphylaxis Risk Factor Identified – Renal and Urology News

  https://www.renalandurologynews.com/news/new-calciphylaxis-risk-factor-identified/

  Unintentional weight loss, obesity, and use of vitamin K antagonists (VKA) are among the risk factors for calciphylaxis in patients on hemodialysis (HD), according to new study findings from a case-control study published in BMC Nephrology. […] Our study confirms the data reported by others on CUA but showed for the first time the contribution of significant unintentional weight loss, Dr Gaisnes team wrote. […] Calciphylaxis mainly involved obese patients on VKA therapy, the authors concluded. Malnutrition and inflammation preceded the onset of skin lesions and could be warning signs among dialysis patients at risk.

• #42 Calciphylaxis epidemiology, risk factors, treatment and survival among French chronic kidney disease patients: a case-control study. – Document – Gale Academic OneFile

  https://go.gale.com/ps/i.do?id=GALE%7CA616426927&sid=googleScholar&v=2.1&it=r&linkaccess=fulltext&issn=14712369&p=AONE&sw=w

  Calcific Uremic Arteriolopathy (CUA) is a rare disease, causing painful skin ulcers in patients with end stage renal disease. […] Eighty-nine CUA cases were identified between 2006 and 2016, including 19 non dialyzed and 70 dialyzed patients. […] Risks factors of developing CUA among dialysis patients were obesity, VKA, weight loss, serum albumin decrease or high serum phosphate in the 6 months before lesion onset. […] CUA involved mainly obese patients under VKA. Malnutrition and inflammation preceded the onset of skin lesions and could be warning signs among dialysis patients at risk.

• #43 FF #325 Uremic Calciphylaxis – Palliative Care Network of Wisconsin

  https://www.mypcnow.org/fast-fact/uremic-calciphylaxis/?print=print

  Calciphylaxis occurs in 4% of ESRD patients on peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis and can occasionally occur in pre-dialysis renal disease. […] Risk factors include: female sex; Caucasian race; obesity; diabetes mellitus; hyperparathyroidism; albumin < 3; hypercoagulable states; and exposure to certain medications such as warfarin, iron, vitamin D, and corticosteroids. [...] The one-year mortality rate for calciphylaxis is estimated to be 45-80%, which may be even higher when ulcerative skin lesions are present. [...] Considering the one-year mortality risk, the diagnosis of calciphylaxis should prompt clinicians to engage patients and families in a larger discussion regarding advance directives, prognosis, and goals of care.

• #44 Calciphylaxis Prevention and Treatment Strategies- Clinical Advisor

  https://www.clinicaladvisor.com/features/calciphylaxis-prevention-treatment-strategies/

  The annual incidence of calciphylaxis has significantly increased in the last decade with rates reported in 1% in the general population to up to 4% in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on dialysis.3,4 […] Although most cases of calciphylaxis are associated with ESRD, case reports of occurrences in patients with normal renal function have been published.3,5,6 […] Risk factors associated with calciphylaxis not linked to renal disease include hyperparathyroidism; elevated calcium, phosphate, and PTH levels; and use of high calcium-phosphate products.3 […] The disease occurs in a 3:1 ratio for women to men with a mean age at onset of 48 years.3,7 […] Identification and treatment of hypercoagulable states may be a method to reduce calciphylaxis incidence. […] A case-control study including 38 patients and 104 controls indicated that patients with calciphylaxis were significantly more likely to have lupus anticoagulant, protein C deficiency, or combined thrombophilia, compared with controls, and were also significantly more likely to have been exposed to warfarin.16 […] These findings indicate that the listed hypercoagulable states may contribute to the pathogenesis of calciphylaxis, and could be a possible screening tool for patients with chronic kidney disease and/or ESRD.16

• #45 Calciphylaxis epidemiology, risk factors, treatment and survival among French chronic kidney disease patients: a case-control study | BMC Nephrology | Full Text

  https://bmcnephrol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12882-020-01722-y

  In order to explore risk factors of CUA among dialyzed patients, each CUA dialysis patient was matched with two controls identified in the REIN registry of treated ESRD in France. Matching criteria were: gender, age (±2 years), treatment by hemodialysis in the same geographical area and at the same time of CUA diagnosis in the case. […] […] Univariate logistic regression analysis revealed dialyzed CUA patients had significantly more diabetes mellitus, diabetes and/or hypertension associated nephropathy, symptomatic peripheral vascular disease, history of cardiac failure or of pathologic fracture. They had increased adjusted serum calcium, serum phosphate, calcium phosphate product, normalized iPTH and CRP in the 6 months prior to identification of lesions. By multivariate analysis, risk factors independently associated CUA in dialyzed patients were obesity, coronary artery disease, weight loss over the last 6 months, serum phosphate increase within 6 months before diagnosis and VKA therapy. […]

• #46 Calciphylaxis Prevention and Treatment Strategies- Clinical Advisor

  https://www.clinicaladvisor.com/features/calciphylaxis-prevention-treatment-strategies/

  The annual incidence of calciphylaxis has significantly increased in the last decade with rates reported in 1% in the general population to up to 4% in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on dialysis.3,4 […] Although most cases of calciphylaxis are associated with ESRD, case reports of occurrences in patients with normal renal function have been published.3,5,6 […] Risk factors associated with calciphylaxis not linked to renal disease include hyperparathyroidism; elevated calcium, phosphate, and PTH levels; and use of high calcium-phosphate products.3 […] The disease occurs in a 3:1 ratio for women to men with a mean age at onset of 48 years.3,7 […] Identification and treatment of hypercoagulable states may be a method to reduce calciphylaxis incidence. […] A case-control study including 38 patients and 104 controls indicated that patients with calciphylaxis were significantly more likely to have lupus anticoagulant, protein C deficiency, or combined thrombophilia, compared with controls, and were also significantly more likely to have been exposed to warfarin.16 […] These findings indicate that the listed hypercoagulable states may contribute to the pathogenesis of calciphylaxis, and could be a possible screening tool for patients with chronic kidney disease and/or ESRD.16

• #47 Calciphylaxis epidemiology, risk factors, treatment and survival among French chronic kidney disease patients: a case-control study | BMC Nephrology | Full Text

  https://bmcnephrol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12882-020-01722-y

  In order to explore risk factors of CUA among dialyzed patients, each CUA dialysis patient was matched with two controls identified in the REIN registry of treated ESRD in France. Matching criteria were: gender, age (±2 years), treatment by hemodialysis in the same geographical area and at the same time of CUA diagnosis in the case. […] […] Univariate logistic regression analysis revealed dialyzed CUA patients had significantly more diabetes mellitus, diabetes and/or hypertension associated nephropathy, symptomatic peripheral vascular disease, history of cardiac failure or of pathologic fracture. They had increased adjusted serum calcium, serum phosphate, calcium phosphate product, normalized iPTH and CRP in the 6 months prior to identification of lesions. By multivariate analysis, risk factors independently associated CUA in dialyzed patients were obesity, coronary artery disease, weight loss over the last 6 months, serum phosphate increase within 6 months before diagnosis and VKA therapy. […]

• #48 Calciphylaxis Prevention and Treatment Strategies- Clinical Advisor

  https://www.clinicaladvisor.com/features/calciphylaxis-prevention-treatment-strategies/

  The annual incidence of calciphylaxis has significantly increased in the last decade with rates reported in 1% in the general population to up to 4% in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on dialysis.3,4 […] Although most cases of calciphylaxis are associated with ESRD, case reports of occurrences in patients with normal renal function have been published.3,5,6 […] Risk factors associated with calciphylaxis not linked to renal disease include hyperparathyroidism; elevated calcium, phosphate, and PTH levels; and use of high calcium-phosphate products.3 […] The disease occurs in a 3:1 ratio for women to men with a mean age at onset of 48 years.3,7 […] Identification and treatment of hypercoagulable states may be a method to reduce calciphylaxis incidence. […] A case-control study including 38 patients and 104 controls indicated that patients with calciphylaxis were significantly more likely to have lupus anticoagulant, protein C deficiency, or combined thrombophilia, compared with controls, and were also significantly more likely to have been exposed to warfarin.16 […] These findings indicate that the listed hypercoagulable states may contribute to the pathogenesis of calciphylaxis, and could be a possible screening tool for patients with chronic kidney disease and/or ESRD.16

• #49 Calciphylaxis epidemiology, risk factors, treatment and survival among French chronic kidney disease patients: a case-control study | BMC Nephrology | Full Text

  https://bmcnephrol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12882-020-01722-y

  In order to explore risk factors of CUA among dialyzed patients, each CUA dialysis patient was matched with two controls identified in the REIN registry of treated ESRD in France. Matching criteria were: gender, age (±2 years), treatment by hemodialysis in the same geographical area and at the same time of CUA diagnosis in the case. […] […] Univariate logistic regression analysis revealed dialyzed CUA patients had significantly more diabetes mellitus, diabetes and/or hypertension associated nephropathy, symptomatic peripheral vascular disease, history of cardiac failure or of pathologic fracture. They had increased adjusted serum calcium, serum phosphate, calcium phosphate product, normalized iPTH and CRP in the 6 months prior to identification of lesions. By multivariate analysis, risk factors independently associated CUA in dialyzed patients were obesity, coronary artery disease, weight loss over the last 6 months, serum phosphate increase within 6 months before diagnosis and VKA therapy. […]

• #50 FF #325 Uremic Calciphylaxis – Palliative Care Network of Wisconsin

  https://www.mypcnow.org/fast-fact/uremic-calciphylaxis/?print=print

  Calciphylaxis occurs in 4% of ESRD patients on peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis and can occasionally occur in pre-dialysis renal disease. […] Risk factors include: female sex; Caucasian race; obesity; diabetes mellitus; hyperparathyroidism; albumin < 3; hypercoagulable states; and exposure to certain medications such as warfarin, iron, vitamin D, and corticosteroids. [...] The one-year mortality rate for calciphylaxis is estimated to be 45-80%, which may be even higher when ulcerative skin lesions are present. [...] Considering the one-year mortality risk, the diagnosis of calciphylaxis should prompt clinicians to engage patients and families in a larger discussion regarding advance directives, prognosis, and goals of care.

• #51 Calciphylaxis Prevention and Treatment Strategies- Clinical Advisor

  https://www.clinicaladvisor.com/features/calciphylaxis-prevention-treatment-strategies/

  The annual incidence of calciphylaxis has significantly increased in the last decade with rates reported in 1% in the general population to up to 4% in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients on dialysis.3,4 […] Although most cases of calciphylaxis are associated with ESRD, case reports of occurrences in patients with normal renal function have been published.3,5,6 […] Risk factors associated with calciphylaxis not linked to renal disease include hyperparathyroidism; elevated calcium, phosphate, and PTH levels; and use of high calcium-phosphate products.3 […] The disease occurs in a 3:1 ratio for women to men with a mean age at onset of 48 years.3,7 […] Identification and treatment of hypercoagulable states may be a method to reduce calciphylaxis incidence. […] A case-control study including 38 patients and 104 controls indicated that patients with calciphylaxis were significantly more likely to have lupus anticoagulant, protein C deficiency, or combined thrombophilia, compared with controls, and were also significantly more likely to have been exposed to warfarin.16 […] These findings indicate that the listed hypercoagulable states may contribute to the pathogenesis of calciphylaxis, and could be a possible screening tool for patients with chronic kidney disease and/or ESRD.16

• #52 Calciphylaxis epidemiology, risk factors, treatment and survival among French chronic kidney disease patients: a case-control study | BMC Nephrology | Full Text

  https://bmcnephrol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12882-020-01722-y

  In order to explore risk factors of CUA among dialyzed patients, each CUA dialysis patient was matched with two controls identified in the REIN registry of treated ESRD in France. Matching criteria were: gender, age (±2 years), treatment by hemodialysis in the same geographical area and at the same time of CUA diagnosis in the case. […] […] Univariate logistic regression analysis revealed dialyzed CUA patients had significantly more diabetes mellitus, diabetes and/or hypertension associated nephropathy, symptomatic peripheral vascular disease, history of cardiac failure or of pathologic fracture. They had increased adjusted serum calcium, serum phosphate, calcium phosphate product, normalized iPTH and CRP in the 6 months prior to identification of lesions. By multivariate analysis, risk factors independently associated CUA in dialyzed patients were obesity, coronary artery disease, weight loss over the last 6 months, serum phosphate increase within 6 months before diagnosis and VKA therapy. […]

• #53 Calciphylaxis epidemiology, risk factors, treatment and survival among French chronic kidney disease patients: a case-control study | BMC Nephrology | Full Text

  https://bmcnephrol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12882-020-01722-y

  In order to explore risk factors of CUA among dialyzed patients, each CUA dialysis patient was matched with two controls identified in the REIN registry of treated ESRD in France. Matching criteria were: gender, age (±2 years), treatment by hemodialysis in the same geographical area and at the same time of CUA diagnosis in the case. […] […] Univariate logistic regression analysis revealed dialyzed CUA patients had significantly more diabetes mellitus, diabetes and/or hypertension associated nephropathy, symptomatic peripheral vascular disease, history of cardiac failure or of pathologic fracture. They had increased adjusted serum calcium, serum phosphate, calcium phosphate product, normalized iPTH and CRP in the 6 months prior to identification of lesions. By multivariate analysis, risk factors independently associated CUA in dialyzed patients were obesity, coronary artery disease, weight loss over the last 6 months, serum phosphate increase within 6 months before diagnosis and VKA therapy. […]

• #54 New Calciphylaxis Risk Factor Identified – Renal and Urology News

  https://www.renalandurologynews.com/news/new-calciphylaxis-risk-factor-identified/

  Unintentional weight loss, obesity, and use of vitamin K antagonists (VKA) are among the risk factors for calciphylaxis in patients on hemodialysis (HD), according to new study findings from a case-control study published in BMC Nephrology. […] Our study confirms the data reported by others on CUA but showed for the first time the contribution of significant unintentional weight loss, Dr Gaisnes team wrote. […] Calciphylaxis mainly involved obese patients on VKA therapy, the authors concluded. Malnutrition and inflammation preceded the onset of skin lesions and could be warning signs among dialysis patients at risk.

• #55 Calciphylaxis: Risk Factors and Histologic Findings in a Case Series From a Tertiary Care Referral Hospital | Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas

  https://www.actasdermo.org/es-calciphylaxis-risk-factors-histologic-findings-articulo-S1578219021002018

  Another noteworthy finding is the fact that more than half of the patients in the present series were receiving anticoagulation therapy (62.5%), that is, higher than percentages reported elsewhere (25%-40%), with acenocoumarol being the most common drug. […] Therefore, calciphylaxis diagnosed in patients with normal kidney function should be considered in the case of typical clinical lesions when there are other risk factors. […] Our findings are consistent with those of other published series in terms of the risk factors reported, mainly kidney failure, although we also highlight the association with acenocoumarol.

• #56 Calciphylaxis: Risk Factors and Histologic Findings in a Case Series From a Tertiary Care Referral Hospital | Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas

  https://www.actasdermo.org/es-calciphylaxis-risk-factors-histologic-findings-articulo-S1578219021002018

  Recent years have seen important advances in our understanding of calciphylaxis, especially regarding newly identified risk factors and histologic findings that may aid diagnosis. […] We describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics (with emphasis on risk factors such as anticoguation therapy), as well as the histopathological characteristics (including the study of changes in elastic fibers, recently described as an additional finding), of patients with calciphylaxis seen in the Dermatology Department of Hospital General Universitario de Alicante (HGUA), Alicante, Spain. […] Risk factors for calciphylaxis were as follows: kidney failure, abnormal serum levels of inorganic phosphorus and calcium, female sex, other comorbid conditions (e.g., obesity, diabetes mellitus, liver disease, autoimmune disease, metastatic cancer, malnutrition, hypoalbuminemia, rapid weight loss, hypotension, vitamin K deficiency), and treatment with calcium, vitamin D, vitamin K antagonists, iron, corticosteroids, albumin, or erythropoietin.

• #57 Calciphylaxis: An Analysis of Concomitant Factors, Treatment Effective | IJNRD

  https://www.dovepress.com/calciphylaxis-an-analysis-of-concomitant-factors-treatment-effectivene-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IJNRD

  Calciphylaxis is a serious condition with high morbidity and mortality commonly affecting the ESRD population. However, it can also be seen in patients without kidney disease or those with earlier stages of kidney disease and is termed Non-Uremic Calciphylaxis. The condition is rare with an annual incidence estimated to be around 0.4% in the United States and increasing, perhaps due to increased awareness of the condition. […] There is limited convincing literature on the epidemiology, risk factors, treatment and prognosis of calciphylaxis. Current postulated risk factors include ESRD, female gender, obesity, elevations in calcium (Ca), phosphate (PO4), parathyroid hormone (PTH), and comorbid conditions. […] Our findings suggest that patients on dialysis may be predisposed to calciphylaxis as soon as one to two years. […] Warfarin and vitamin D analogs have a noticeably significant association with calciphylaxis. Further studies are needed to determine whether cinacalcet and/or bisphosphonates are indeed protective for calciphylaxis.

• #58 Calciphylaxis: Risk Factors and Histologic Findings in a Case Series From a Tertiary Care Referral Hospital | Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas

  https://www.actasdermo.org/es-calciphylaxis-risk-factors-histologic-findings-articulo-S1578219021002018

  Recent years have seen important advances in our understanding of calciphylaxis, especially regarding newly identified risk factors and histologic findings that may aid diagnosis. […] We describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics (with emphasis on risk factors such as anticoguation therapy), as well as the histopathological characteristics (including the study of changes in elastic fibers, recently described as an additional finding), of patients with calciphylaxis seen in the Dermatology Department of Hospital General Universitario de Alicante (HGUA), Alicante, Spain. […] Risk factors for calciphylaxis were as follows: kidney failure, abnormal serum levels of inorganic phosphorus and calcium, female sex, other comorbid conditions (e.g., obesity, diabetes mellitus, liver disease, autoimmune disease, metastatic cancer, malnutrition, hypoalbuminemia, rapid weight loss, hypotension, vitamin K deficiency), and treatment with calcium, vitamin D, vitamin K antagonists, iron, corticosteroids, albumin, or erythropoietin.

• #59 FF #325 Uremic Calciphylaxis – Palliative Care Network of Wisconsin

  https://www.mypcnow.org/fast-fact/uremic-calciphylaxis/?print=print

  Calciphylaxis occurs in 4% of ESRD patients on peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis and can occasionally occur in pre-dialysis renal disease. […] Risk factors include: female sex; Caucasian race; obesity; diabetes mellitus; hyperparathyroidism; albumin < 3; hypercoagulable states; and exposure to certain medications such as warfarin, iron, vitamin D, and corticosteroids. [...] The one-year mortality rate for calciphylaxis is estimated to be 45-80%, which may be even higher when ulcerative skin lesions are present. [...] Considering the one-year mortality risk, the diagnosis of calciphylaxis should prompt clinicians to engage patients and families in a larger discussion regarding advance directives, prognosis, and goals of care.

• #60 Calciphylaxis: Background, Pathophysiology, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1095481-overview

  Calciphylaxis is an uncommon condition that affects 1-4% of the population with ESRD. […] A concern exists that the incidence has increased during the last decade because of a number of possible factors, including more widespread use of parenteral vitamin D and iron dextran. […] In a study using data from the Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry, the incidence of calciphylaxis episodes among patients on dialysis was found to be 4.5 (range, 4.1-5.1) per 1000 patient-years on dialysis. […] The incidence of calciphylaxis in the general population without ESRD is not known with certainty, but it is even lower. […] Calciphylaxis has been reported in individuals ranging in age from 6 months to 83 years. […] From a large series of patients, a mean patient age of 48 (16) years has been calculated. […] Females are affected more often than males, with a female-to-male ratio of approximately 3:1. […] Although the disease may affect persons of any race, it appears to be more prevalent in Whites.

• #61 FF #325 Uremic Calciphylaxis – Palliative Care Network of Wisconsin

  https://www.mypcnow.org/fast-fact/uremic-calciphylaxis/?print=print

  Calciphylaxis occurs in 4% of ESRD patients on peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis and can occasionally occur in pre-dialysis renal disease. […] Risk factors include: female sex; Caucasian race; obesity; diabetes mellitus; hyperparathyroidism; albumin < 3; hypercoagulable states; and exposure to certain medications such as warfarin, iron, vitamin D, and corticosteroids. [...] The one-year mortality rate for calciphylaxis is estimated to be 45-80%, which may be even higher when ulcerative skin lesions are present. [...] Considering the one-year mortality risk, the diagnosis of calciphylaxis should prompt clinicians to engage patients and families in a larger discussion regarding advance directives, prognosis, and goals of care.

• #62 Calciphylaxis: Risk Factors and Histologic Findings in a Case Series From a Tertiary Care Referral Hospital | Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas

  https://www.actasdermo.org/es-calciphylaxis-risk-factors-histologic-findings-articulo-S1578219021002018

  Recent years have seen important advances in our understanding of calciphylaxis, especially regarding newly identified risk factors and histologic findings that may aid diagnosis. […] We describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics (with emphasis on risk factors such as anticoguation therapy), as well as the histopathological characteristics (including the study of changes in elastic fibers, recently described as an additional finding), of patients with calciphylaxis seen in the Dermatology Department of Hospital General Universitario de Alicante (HGUA), Alicante, Spain. […] Risk factors for calciphylaxis were as follows: kidney failure, abnormal serum levels of inorganic phosphorus and calcium, female sex, other comorbid conditions (e.g., obesity, diabetes mellitus, liver disease, autoimmune disease, metastatic cancer, malnutrition, hypoalbuminemia, rapid weight loss, hypotension, vitamin K deficiency), and treatment with calcium, vitamin D, vitamin K antagonists, iron, corticosteroids, albumin, or erythropoietin.

• #63 Calciphylaxis: Risk Factors and Histologic Findings in a Case Series From a Tertiary Care Referral Hospital | Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas

  https://www.actasdermo.org/es-calciphylaxis-risk-factors-histologic-findings-articulo-S1578219021002018

  Recent years have seen important advances in our understanding of calciphylaxis, especially regarding newly identified risk factors and histologic findings that may aid diagnosis. […] We describe the epidemiological and clinical characteristics (with emphasis on risk factors such as anticoguation therapy), as well as the histopathological characteristics (including the study of changes in elastic fibers, recently described as an additional finding), of patients with calciphylaxis seen in the Dermatology Department of Hospital General Universitario de Alicante (HGUA), Alicante, Spain. […] Risk factors for calciphylaxis were as follows: kidney failure, abnormal serum levels of inorganic phosphorus and calcium, female sex, other comorbid conditions (e.g., obesity, diabetes mellitus, liver disease, autoimmune disease, metastatic cancer, malnutrition, hypoalbuminemia, rapid weight loss, hypotension, vitamin K deficiency), and treatment with calcium, vitamin D, vitamin K antagonists, iron, corticosteroids, albumin, or erythropoietin.

• #64 Calciphylaxis

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5907931/

  The present review describes recent literature in the field of calciphylaxis. The previous sample size limitation of calciphylaxis research is now beginning to get addressed by large calciphylaxis registries and national level databases. As a result, better quality data are now available regarding calciphylaxis incidence, risk factors, and outcomes.

• #65

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40620-020-00908-9

  Calciphylaxis is a rare condition associated with very high mortality in patients with end-stage kidney disease. […] Data from country-based registries have been an invaluable resource for a better understanding of the natural history and management for this condition. […] The reported prevalence of CUA in dialysis patients ranges from 14%, with an annual incidence of around 0.04%. […] The annual mortality rate is reported to be as high as 60% in patients with CUA. […] Country-based registries and studies have been a major resource in providing data on the natural history and outcomes of CUA. […] The UKCS had a predominance of female and Caucasian distribution which is in agreement with previous observations. […] A high prevalence of diabetes and the higher median BMI noted in the UKCS patients were similar to that reported by Nigwekar et al. […] Both univariable and multivariable cox-regression analysis have shown calciphylaxis as a strong and independent risk factor associated with all-cause mortality. […] This study has shown that calciphylaxis is a strong and independent risk factor associated with all-cause mortality.

• #66 Calciphylaxis

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5907931/

  Calciphylaxis remains a poorly understood vascular calcification disorder with predilection for patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Recent data from large patient registries and databases have begun to provide information regarding incidence, risk factors, and outcomes in patients with calciphylaxis. […] The most recent estimate places the incidence of calciphylaxis at 3.5 new cases/1000 patient-years among the patients with ESRD on chronic hemodialysis. […] A recent nation-wide study conducted in the Fresenius Medical Care North America (FMCNA) dialysis units reported calciphylaxis incidence rate of 3.49 per 1000 patient-years among the patients with ESRD on chronic hemodialysis. […] A recent report from the German Calciphylaxis Registry recorded calciphylaxis reporting rate of ~30 new cases/year among the dialysis patients from Germany (equal to an annual incidence of ~0.04%) during more than 8-year study period that extended from December 2006 to March 2015.

• #67

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40620-020-00908-9

  Calciphylaxis is a rare condition associated with very high mortality in patients with end-stage kidney disease. […] Data from country-based registries have been an invaluable resource for a better understanding of the natural history and management for this condition. […] The reported prevalence of CUA in dialysis patients ranges from 14%, with an annual incidence of around 0.04%. […] The annual mortality rate is reported to be as high as 60% in patients with CUA. […] Country-based registries and studies have been a major resource in providing data on the natural history and outcomes of CUA. […] The UKCS had a predominance of female and Caucasian distribution which is in agreement with previous observations. […] A high prevalence of diabetes and the higher median BMI noted in the UKCS patients were similar to that reported by Nigwekar et al. […] Both univariable and multivariable cox-regression analysis have shown calciphylaxis as a strong and independent risk factor associated with all-cause mortality. […] This study has shown that calciphylaxis is a strong and independent risk factor associated with all-cause mortality.

• #68 Calciphylaxis in kidney graft recipient with type 1 diabetes: A case report – Polykova – Russian Family Doctor

  https://journals.eco-vector.com/RFD/article/view/567966

  Calcifylaxis calcifying uremic arteriolopathy is a rare disease that occurs in patients with chronic kidney disease and is characterized by progressive calcification of small-caliber skin vessels and thrombosis of small (arterioles), accompanied by necrosis of the skin, subcutaneous tissue and soft tissues with severe pain syndrome. […] The lack of treatment protocols for calcifylaxis in patients with chronic kidney disease requires further research. It is important to constantly monitor patients with risk factors for the development of this serious disease and timely treatment, which will improve their condition and slow down the progression of the process. […] Gaisne R, Pr M, Menoyo V, et al. Calciphylaxis epidemiology, risk factors, treatment and survival among French chronic kidney disease patients: a case-control study. BMC Nephrol. 2020;21(1):63. doi: 10.1186/s12882-020-01722-y. […] Brandenburg V, Adragao T, van Dam B, et al. Blueprint for a European calciphylaxis registry initiative: the European Calciphylaxis Network (EuCalNet). Clin Kidney J. 2015;8:567571. doi: 10.1093/ndt/gfv438.

• #69 Calciphylaxis: Risk Factors and Histologic Findings in a Case Series From a Tertiary Care Referral Hospital | Actas Dermo-Sifiliográficas

  https://www.actasdermo.org/en-calciphylaxis-risk-factors-histologic-findings-articulo-S1578219021002018

  Our findings are consistent with those of other published series in terms of the risk factors reported, mainly kidney failure, although we also highlight the association with acenocoumarol. Therefore, caution is warranted when prescribing anticoagulation with vitamin K antagonists, as well as calcium and vitamin D supplementation, in patients with risk factors for calciphylaxis. […] Collection of data in broad registries, such as the European Calciphylaxis Network or the Partners Calciphylaxis Biobank, will improve our knowledge of this condition in the future.

• #70 Proposal of daignostic criteria for calciphylaxis based on nationwide surveillance in Japan

  https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jsdt/45/7/45_551/_article/-char/en

  Proposal of diagnostic criteria for calciphylaxis based on nationwide surveillance in Japan […] There had been little information regarding the prevalence and clinical features of calciphylaxis in Japan before our group conducted a nationwide survey in a Japanese dialysis population in 2009 as the study of Research on Intractable Disease of Health and Labour Sciences Research Grants from the Ministry of Health and Labour. […] Therefore, to facilitate the diagnosis of calciphylaxis and spread knowledge of it, we proposed diagnostic criteria based on nationwide surveillance.

• #71 Calciphylaxis

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5907931/

  The present review describes recent literature in the field of calciphylaxis. The previous sample size limitation of calciphylaxis research is now beginning to get addressed by large calciphylaxis registries and national level databases. As a result, better quality data are now available regarding calciphylaxis incidence, risk factors, and outcomes.

• #72

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11606-014-2910-1

  Calciphylaxis, a rare disease seen in chronic dialysis patients, is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. As is the case with other rare diseases, the precise epidemiology of calciphylaxis remains unknown. […] Lack of data on fundamental issues such as incidence, prevalence, or mortality for any condition seriously impairs future patient-oriented translational research and limits investigators abilities to examine temporal trends, epidemiological associations, and development of diagnostic biomarkers and novel therapy targets. […] To date, no effort has been made to systematically assess its epidemiology in a large administrative database. […] What are the barriers to investigating calciphylaxis in a large administrative database such as the United States Renal Data System (USRDS)?

• #73

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11606-014-2910-1

  We designed the present study 1) to test the operating characteristics (sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio, negative likelihood ratio, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve) of a novel algorithm for identifying cases of calciphylaxis using administrative claims; and 2) to describe the epidemiology of calciphylaxis in the United States using a national administrative database of end-stage renal disease patients (USRDS). […] Application of our novel research algorithm (application of ICD-9 code 275.49 plus skin biopsy procedure codes simultaneously to the claims) to the RPDR over the same pre-specified study period identified 69 incident cases of calciphylaxis, 66 of which were confirmed to be true positives. […] Application of the algorithm to the USRDS database identified 649 incident calciphylaxis cases over the 10-year study period, indicating increasing incidence.

• #74 Calciphylaxis epidemiology, risk factors, treatment and survival among French chronic kidney disease patients: a case-control study | BMC Nephrology | Full Text

  https://bmcnephrol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12882-020-01722-y

  The mortality rate was particularly high in our study. Ulcerative lesions and proximal-type CUA, known as poor prognosis factors, were predominant. The prolonged diagnosis delay could be explained by the use of ulcerative skin lesions as inclusion criteria, because non-ulcerative lesions precede the ulcerative lesions by several days. […] […] Our study confirms the data reported by others on CUA but showed for the first time the contribution of significant unintentional weight loss. Few therapeutic measures seem efficient. Among them, STS is commonly used, but its benefit has still to be proved. The ongoing trials are of major interest.

• #75 Proposal of daignostic criteria for calciphylaxis based on nationwide surveillance in Japan

  https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jsdt/45/7/45_551/_article/-char/en

  Proposal of diagnostic criteria for calciphylaxis based on nationwide surveillance in Japan […] There had been little information regarding the prevalence and clinical features of calciphylaxis in Japan before our group conducted a nationwide survey in a Japanese dialysis population in 2009 as the study of Research on Intractable Disease of Health and Labour Sciences Research Grants from the Ministry of Health and Labour. […] Therefore, to facilitate the diagnosis of calciphylaxis and spread knowledge of it, we proposed diagnostic criteria based on nationwide surveillance.

• #76

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11606-014-2910-1

  The most recent annual incidence of calciphylaxis was noted to be 5.7 cases per 10,000 chronic hemodialysis patients. […] We have described development and application of an innovative research algorithm to investigate the epidemiology of calciphylaxis, a rare disease with significant morbidity and mortality seen in chronic hemodialysis patients. […] To the best of our knowledge, ours is the first study to systematically investigate the incidence and mortality of calciphylaxis at a national level in the United States. […] Our study provides valuable information for future patient-oriented research in calciphylaxis and also serves as a template for investigations in other rare diseases.

• #77

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11606-014-2910-1

  Calciphylaxis, a rare disease seen in chronic dialysis patients, is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. As is the case with other rare diseases, the precise epidemiology of calciphylaxis remains unknown. […] Lack of data on fundamental issues such as incidence, prevalence, or mortality for any condition seriously impairs future patient-oriented translational research and limits investigators abilities to examine temporal trends, epidemiological associations, and development of diagnostic biomarkers and novel therapy targets. […] To date, no effort has been made to systematically assess its epidemiology in a large administrative database. […] What are the barriers to investigating calciphylaxis in a large administrative database such as the United States Renal Data System (USRDS)?

• #78 Calciphylaxis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK519020/

  Although calciphylaxis can develop in the absence of kidney disease, most cases occur in patients with advanced renal failure. The incidence of calciphylaxis in dialysis patients ranges from 0.04% to 4%, and the rate appears to be rising over the last decade.[4] […] Calciphylaxis is associated with substantial morbidity due to severe pain, non-healing wounds, and frequent hospitalizations. It is a highly fatal condition with 1-year mortality rates greater than 50%, most frequently due to sepsis. […] The outlook for most patients with calciphylaxis is poor. Most patients have a poor quality of life and suffer from excruciating pain, which is often not responsive to conventional analgesics.

• #79 Calciphylaxis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK519020/

  Although calciphylaxis can develop in the absence of kidney disease, most cases occur in patients with advanced renal failure. The incidence of calciphylaxis in dialysis patients ranges from 0.04% to 4%, and the rate appears to be rising over the last decade.[4] […] Calciphylaxis is associated with substantial morbidity due to severe pain, non-healing wounds, and frequent hospitalizations. It is a highly fatal condition with 1-year mortality rates greater than 50%, most frequently due to sepsis. […] The outlook for most patients with calciphylaxis is poor. Most patients have a poor quality of life and suffer from excruciating pain, which is often not responsive to conventional analgesics.

• #80 Calciphylaxis Market Size, Industry Trends and Forecast 2024-2034

  https://www.imarcgroup.com/calciphylaxis-market

  Calciphylaxis Market: Epidemiology, Industry Trends, Share, Size, Growth, Opportunity, and Forecast 2024-2034. The calciphylaxis market has been comprehensively analyzed in IMARC’s new report titled „Calciphylaxis Market: Epidemiology, Industry Trends, Share, Size, Growth, Opportunity, and Forecast 2024-2034”. […] The incidence among patients on hemodialysis varies globally, ranging from 0.35% in the United States to less than 0.03% in Japan. […] Patients with calciphylaxis are diagnosed at a median age of 60 years, with women accounting for 60-70% of the total. […] This condition has a 55% one-year death rate. […] What is the number of prevalent cases (2018-2034) of calciphylaxis across the seven major markets? […] What is the size of the calciphylaxis patient pool (2018-2023) across the seven major markets? […] What would be the forecasted patient pool (2024-2034) across the seven major markets? […] What are the key factors driving the epidemiological trend of calciphylaxis? […] What will be the growth rate of patients across the seven major markets?

• #81 FF #325 Uremic Calciphylaxis – Palliative Care Network of Wisconsin

  https://www.mypcnow.org/fast-fact/uremic-calciphylaxis/?print=print

  Calciphylaxis occurs in 4% of ESRD patients on peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis and can occasionally occur in pre-dialysis renal disease. […] Risk factors include: female sex; Caucasian race; obesity; diabetes mellitus; hyperparathyroidism; albumin < 3; hypercoagulable states; and exposure to certain medications such as warfarin, iron, vitamin D, and corticosteroids. [...] The one-year mortality rate for calciphylaxis is estimated to be 45-80%, which may be even higher when ulcerative skin lesions are present. [...] Considering the one-year mortality risk, the diagnosis of calciphylaxis should prompt clinicians to engage patients and families in a larger discussion regarding advance directives, prognosis, and goals of care.

• #82 CALCIPHYLAXIS | Thoracic Key

  https://thoracickey.com/calciphylaxis/

  Calciphylaxis is most likely to occur in ESRD, with reported prevalence of 4.1% in dialysis patients. […] Clinical risk factors in dialysis patients are obesity, female gender, Caucasian race, diabetes mellitus, hyperphosphatemia, malnutrition, and hypercoagulable state (protein S or C deficiency). […] Prospective data for 36 cases demonstrated 33% mortality at 6 months for plaque lesions and 80% mortality at 6 months for ulcerative lesions. […] Retrospective data from 64 patients revealed overall 1-year survival of 45.8%. […] There are reports of calciphylaxis associated with acute kidney injury, alcoholic cirrhosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, endometrial carcinoma, and Hodgkin lymphoma all in the absence of ESRD.

• #83 Calciphylaxis epidemiology, risk factors, treatment and survival among French chronic kidney disease patients: a case-control study | BMC Nephrology | Full Text

  https://bmcnephrol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12882-020-01722-y

  The mortality rate was particularly high in our study. Ulcerative lesions and proximal-type CUA, known as poor prognosis factors, were predominant. The prolonged diagnosis delay could be explained by the use of ulcerative skin lesions as inclusion criteria, because non-ulcerative lesions precede the ulcerative lesions by several days. […] […] Our study confirms the data reported by others on CUA but showed for the first time the contribution of significant unintentional weight loss. Few therapeutic measures seem efficient. Among them, STS is commonly used, but its benefit has still to be proved. The ongoing trials are of major interest.

• #84 Calciphylaxis in peritoneal dialysis patients: a single center cohort | IJNRD

  https://www.dovepress.com/calciphylaxis-in-peritoneal-dialysis-patients-a-single-center-cohort-s-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-IJNRD

  It is important to note that although PD was the dialysis modality for our study patients when calciphylaxis was diagnosed, many patients were previously on HD and required transition to PD for access failure or recurrent hypotension. […] One-year mortality in PD patients who developed calciphylaxis was 71%; all deaths were due to sepsis. […] Larger studies are needed to ascertain calciphylaxis risk in PD vs HD patients and to confirm risk associations observed in our study. […] In conclusion, calciphylaxis is a rare but fatal complication in PD patients. Our study provides insights into calciphylaxis epidemiology and risk factors in PD patients and motivates future investigation.

• #85 Calciphylaxis – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calciphylaxis

  It is unknown whether the higher incidence in the United States is due to genuinely higher incidence or due to underreporting in other countries. […] Annual incidence in kidney transplant patients and in non-uremic calciphylaxis patients is also unknown. […] The median age of patients at diagnosis of calciphylaxis is 60 years and the majority of these patients are women (60-70%). […] The location of lesions, central (located on the trunk) or peripheral (located on the extremities), is dependent on several risk factors. Central lesions are associated with younger patients, patients with a higher body mass index, and a higher risk of death than those who have peripheral-only lesions.

• #86 CALCIPHYLAXIS | Thoracic Key

  https://thoracickey.com/calciphylaxis/

  Calciphylaxis is most likely to occur in ESRD, with reported prevalence of 4.1% in dialysis patients. […] Clinical risk factors in dialysis patients are obesity, female gender, Caucasian race, diabetes mellitus, hyperphosphatemia, malnutrition, and hypercoagulable state (protein S or C deficiency). […] Prospective data for 36 cases demonstrated 33% mortality at 6 months for plaque lesions and 80% mortality at 6 months for ulcerative lesions. […] Retrospective data from 64 patients revealed overall 1-year survival of 45.8%. […] There are reports of calciphylaxis associated with acute kidney injury, alcoholic cirrhosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis, endometrial carcinoma, and Hodgkin lymphoma all in the absence of ESRD.

• #87 FF #325 Uremic Calciphylaxis – Palliative Care Network of Wisconsin

  https://www.mypcnow.org/fast-fact/uremic-calciphylaxis/?print=print

  Calciphylaxis occurs in 4% of ESRD patients on peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis and can occasionally occur in pre-dialysis renal disease. […] Risk factors include: female sex; Caucasian race; obesity; diabetes mellitus; hyperparathyroidism; albumin < 3; hypercoagulable states; and exposure to certain medications such as warfarin, iron, vitamin D, and corticosteroids. [...] The one-year mortality rate for calciphylaxis is estimated to be 45-80%, which may be even higher when ulcerative skin lesions are present. [...] Considering the one-year mortality risk, the diagnosis of calciphylaxis should prompt clinicians to engage patients and families in a larger discussion regarding advance directives, prognosis, and goals of care.

• #88 Calciphylaxis epidemiology, risk factors, treatment and survival among

  https://www.m3india.in/contents/journal/calciphylaxis-epidemiology-risk-factors-treatment

  Calciphylaxis epidemiology, risk factors, treatment and survival among French chronic kidney disease patients: A case-control study […] Researchers report the management as well as the outcome of Calcific Uremic Arteriolopathy (CUA) in average clinical practices via this retrospective cohort analysis. […] They analyzed CUA cases identified in western France. […] There were 89 cases between 2006 and 2016. […] Better survival was reported in relation to surgical debridement, distal CUA, localization to the lower limbs and non calcium-based phosphate binders. […] In dialysis patients, the factors that conferred risk for CUA development were obesity, VKA, weight loss, serum albumin reduction or high serum phosphate in the 6 months prior to lesion onset. […] Experts noted that CUA involved mainly obese patients under VKA. […] The onset of skin lesions was preceded by malnutrition and inflammation, and these could represent warning signs in dialysis patients at risk.

• #89 Calciphylaxis epidemiology, risk factors, treatment and survival among

  https://www.m3india.in/contents/journal/calciphylaxis-epidemiology-risk-factors-treatment

  Calciphylaxis epidemiology, risk factors, treatment and survival among French chronic kidney disease patients: A case-control study […] Researchers report the management as well as the outcome of Calcific Uremic Arteriolopathy (CUA) in average clinical practices via this retrospective cohort analysis. […] They analyzed CUA cases identified in western France. […] There were 89 cases between 2006 and 2016. […] Better survival was reported in relation to surgical debridement, distal CUA, localization to the lower limbs and non calcium-based phosphate binders. […] In dialysis patients, the factors that conferred risk for CUA development were obesity, VKA, weight loss, serum albumin reduction or high serum phosphate in the 6 months prior to lesion onset. […] Experts noted that CUA involved mainly obese patients under VKA. […] The onset of skin lesions was preceded by malnutrition and inflammation, and these could represent warning signs in dialysis patients at risk.

• #90 Calciphylaxis epidemiology, risk factors, treatment and survival among

  https://www.m3india.in/contents/journal/calciphylaxis-epidemiology-risk-factors-treatment

  Calciphylaxis epidemiology, risk factors, treatment and survival among French chronic kidney disease patients: A case-control study […] Researchers report the management as well as the outcome of Calcific Uremic Arteriolopathy (CUA) in average clinical practices via this retrospective cohort analysis. […] They analyzed CUA cases identified in western France. […] There were 89 cases between 2006 and 2016. […] Better survival was reported in relation to surgical debridement, distal CUA, localization to the lower limbs and non calcium-based phosphate binders. […] In dialysis patients, the factors that conferred risk for CUA development were obesity, VKA, weight loss, serum albumin reduction or high serum phosphate in the 6 months prior to lesion onset. […] Experts noted that CUA involved mainly obese patients under VKA. […] The onset of skin lesions was preceded by malnutrition and inflammation, and these could represent warning signs in dialysis patients at risk.

• #91

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40620-020-00908-9

  Calciphylaxis is a rare condition associated with very high mortality in patients with end-stage kidney disease. […] Data from country-based registries have been an invaluable resource for a better understanding of the natural history and management for this condition. […] The reported prevalence of CUA in dialysis patients ranges from 14%, with an annual incidence of around 0.04%. […] The annual mortality rate is reported to be as high as 60% in patients with CUA. […] Country-based registries and studies have been a major resource in providing data on the natural history and outcomes of CUA. […] The UKCS had a predominance of female and Caucasian distribution which is in agreement with previous observations. […] A high prevalence of diabetes and the higher median BMI noted in the UKCS patients were similar to that reported by Nigwekar et al. […] Both univariable and multivariable cox-regression analysis have shown calciphylaxis as a strong and independent risk factor associated with all-cause mortality. […] This study has shown that calciphylaxis is a strong and independent risk factor associated with all-cause mortality.

• #92 Calciphylaxis

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5907931/

  The present review describes recent literature in the field of calciphylaxis. The previous sample size limitation of calciphylaxis research is now beginning to get addressed by large calciphylaxis registries and national level databases. As a result, better quality data are now available regarding calciphylaxis incidence, risk factors, and outcomes.

• #93

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11606-014-2910-1

  Calciphylaxis, a rare disease seen in chronic dialysis patients, is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. As is the case with other rare diseases, the precise epidemiology of calciphylaxis remains unknown. […] Lack of data on fundamental issues such as incidence, prevalence, or mortality for any condition seriously impairs future patient-oriented translational research and limits investigators abilities to examine temporal trends, epidemiological associations, and development of diagnostic biomarkers and novel therapy targets. […] To date, no effort has been made to systematically assess its epidemiology in a large administrative database. […] What are the barriers to investigating calciphylaxis in a large administrative database such as the United States Renal Data System (USRDS)?

• #94 Update on Calciphylaxis Etiopathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management | MDedge

  https://blogs.the-hospitalist.org/content/update-calciphylaxis-etiopathogenesis-diagnosis-and-management

  Calciphylaxis is considered a rare dermatosis with an estimated annual incidence of 1% to 4% in ESRD patients on dialysis. Recent data suggest that incidence of calciphylaxis is rising, which may stem from an increased use of calcium-based phosphate binders, an actual rise in disease incidence, and/or increased recognition of the disease. It is difficult to estimate the exact disease burden of calciphylaxis because the diagnostic criteria are not well defined, often leading to missed or delayed diagnosis. Furthermore, there is no centralized registry for calciphylaxis cases. […] Multi-institution cohort studies and collaborative registries are needed to provide updated information related to the epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, morbidity, and mortality associated with calciphylaxis and to help formulate evidence-based diagnostic criteria.

• #95 Calciphylaxis

  https://www.medigraphic.com/cgi-bin/new/resumenI.cgi?IDARTICULO=92000

  Calciphylaxis is a syndrome characterized by the accumulation of hydroxyapatite crystals in the muscular layer of arterioles located in the dermis, subcutaneous and visceral tissue. […] The diagnosis of calciphylaxis is complicated due to unknowledge of the disease. In a study conducted in Japan in 2013, up to 60% of nephrologists are unaware of the existence of calciphylaxis. […] The prognosis is reserved for morbidity and mortality, because the survival is less than 40% One year after its diagnosis, so its recognition and timely treatment are of vital importance. Soft tissue focus sepsis is the most frequent cause of death. […] Proposal of diagnostic criteria for calciphylaxis based on nationwide surveillance in Japan.

• #96 Calciphylaxis – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calciphylaxis

  It is unknown whether the higher incidence in the United States is due to genuinely higher incidence or due to underreporting in other countries. […] Annual incidence in kidney transplant patients and in non-uremic calciphylaxis patients is also unknown. […] The median age of patients at diagnosis of calciphylaxis is 60 years and the majority of these patients are women (60-70%). […] The location of lesions, central (located on the trunk) or peripheral (located on the extremities), is dependent on several risk factors. Central lesions are associated with younger patients, patients with a higher body mass index, and a higher risk of death than those who have peripheral-only lesions.

• #97 Update on Calciphylaxis Etiopathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management | MDedge

  https://blogs.the-hospitalist.org/content/update-calciphylaxis-etiopathogenesis-diagnosis-and-management

  Calciphylaxis is considered a rare dermatosis with an estimated annual incidence of 1% to 4% in ESRD patients on dialysis. Recent data suggest that incidence of calciphylaxis is rising, which may stem from an increased use of calcium-based phosphate binders, an actual rise in disease incidence, and/or increased recognition of the disease. It is difficult to estimate the exact disease burden of calciphylaxis because the diagnostic criteria are not well defined, often leading to missed or delayed diagnosis. Furthermore, there is no centralized registry for calciphylaxis cases. […] Multi-institution cohort studies and collaborative registries are needed to provide updated information related to the epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, morbidity, and mortality associated with calciphylaxis and to help formulate evidence-based diagnostic criteria.

• #98 Calciphylaxis epidemiology, risk factors, treatment and survival among French chronic kidney disease patients: a case-control study | BMC Nephrology | Full Text

  https://bmcnephrol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12882-020-01722-y

  The mortality rate was particularly high in our study. Ulcerative lesions and proximal-type CUA, known as poor prognosis factors, were predominant. The prolonged diagnosis delay could be explained by the use of ulcerative skin lesions as inclusion criteria, because non-ulcerative lesions precede the ulcerative lesions by several days. […] […] Our study confirms the data reported by others on CUA but showed for the first time the contribution of significant unintentional weight loss. Few therapeutic measures seem efficient. Among them, STS is commonly used, but its benefit has still to be proved. The ongoing trials are of major interest.

• #99 Calciphylaxis

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5907931/

  In the German Calciphylaxis Registry, 10% of the total calciphylaxis patients had ESRD treated with peritoneal dialysis and 13% of the total patients with calciphylaxis had ESRD treated with renal transplantation. […] In the German Calciphylaxis Registry, the calciphylaxis incidence was reportedly stable over a more than 8-year study period. […] Previous reports from the United States Renal Data System and single center experience have suggested that the incidence of calciphylaxis may be on the rise. […] Findings from recent large studies provide important insights into the predisposing factors for calciphylaxis. […] Future studies are needed to investigate how the risk of calciphylaxis differs across the different modalities of renal replacement therapy, to examine the effects of temporal changes in risk factors (e.g. phosphorous) as they relate to calciphylaxis, and to determine whether risk factors differ for calciphylaxis based on lesion characteristics (e.g. location, ulceration).

• #100 Calciphylaxis

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5907931/

  In the German Calciphylaxis Registry, 10% of the total calciphylaxis patients had ESRD treated with peritoneal dialysis and 13% of the total patients with calciphylaxis had ESRD treated with renal transplantation. […] In the German Calciphylaxis Registry, the calciphylaxis incidence was reportedly stable over a more than 8-year study period. […] Previous reports from the United States Renal Data System and single center experience have suggested that the incidence of calciphylaxis may be on the rise. […] Findings from recent large studies provide important insights into the predisposing factors for calciphylaxis. […] Future studies are needed to investigate how the risk of calciphylaxis differs across the different modalities of renal replacement therapy, to examine the effects of temporal changes in risk factors (e.g. phosphorous) as they relate to calciphylaxis, and to determine whether risk factors differ for calciphylaxis based on lesion characteristics (e.g. location, ulceration).

• #101 Calciphylaxis

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5907931/

  In the German Calciphylaxis Registry, 10% of the total calciphylaxis patients had ESRD treated with peritoneal dialysis and 13% of the total patients with calciphylaxis had ESRD treated with renal transplantation. […] In the German Calciphylaxis Registry, the calciphylaxis incidence was reportedly stable over a more than 8-year study period. […] Previous reports from the United States Renal Data System and single center experience have suggested that the incidence of calciphylaxis may be on the rise. […] Findings from recent large studies provide important insights into the predisposing factors for calciphylaxis. […] Future studies are needed to investigate how the risk of calciphylaxis differs across the different modalities of renal replacement therapy, to examine the effects of temporal changes in risk factors (e.g. phosphorous) as they relate to calciphylaxis, and to determine whether risk factors differ for calciphylaxis based on lesion characteristics (e.g. location, ulceration).

• #102 Calciphylaxis – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Calciphylaxis

  It is unknown whether the higher incidence in the United States is due to genuinely higher incidence or due to underreporting in other countries. […] Annual incidence in kidney transplant patients and in non-uremic calciphylaxis patients is also unknown. […] The median age of patients at diagnosis of calciphylaxis is 60 years and the majority of these patients are women (60-70%). […] The location of lesions, central (located on the trunk) or peripheral (located on the extremities), is dependent on several risk factors. Central lesions are associated with younger patients, patients with a higher body mass index, and a higher risk of death than those who have peripheral-only lesions.

• #103 Update on Calciphylaxis Etiopathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management | MDedge

  https://blogs.the-hospitalist.org/content/update-calciphylaxis-etiopathogenesis-diagnosis-and-management

  Calciphylaxis is considered a rare dermatosis with an estimated annual incidence of 1% to 4% in ESRD patients on dialysis. Recent data suggest that incidence of calciphylaxis is rising, which may stem from an increased use of calcium-based phosphate binders, an actual rise in disease incidence, and/or increased recognition of the disease. It is difficult to estimate the exact disease burden of calciphylaxis because the diagnostic criteria are not well defined, often leading to missed or delayed diagnosis. Furthermore, there is no centralized registry for calciphylaxis cases. […] Multi-institution cohort studies and collaborative registries are needed to provide updated information related to the epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, morbidity, and mortality associated with calciphylaxis and to help formulate evidence-based diagnostic criteria.

• #104 Update on Calciphylaxis Etiopathogenesis, Diagnosis, and Management | MDedge

  https://blogs.the-hospitalist.org/content/update-calciphylaxis-etiopathogenesis-diagnosis-and-management

  Calciphylaxis is considered a rare dermatosis with an estimated annual incidence of 1% to 4% in ESRD patients on dialysis. Recent data suggest that incidence of calciphylaxis is rising, which may stem from an increased use of calcium-based phosphate binders, an actual rise in disease incidence, and/or increased recognition of the disease. It is difficult to estimate the exact disease burden of calciphylaxis because the diagnostic criteria are not well defined, often leading to missed or delayed diagnosis. Furthermore, there is no centralized registry for calciphylaxis cases. […] Multi-institution cohort studies and collaborative registries are needed to provide updated information related to the epidemiology, diagnosis, treatment, morbidity, and mortality associated with calciphylaxis and to help formulate evidence-based diagnostic criteria.

• #105 Calciphylaxis: Beyond CKD-MBD | Nefrología

  https://www.revistanefrologia.com/en-relaccionados-calciphylaxis-beyond-ckd-mbd-articulo-S201325141730158X

  Calcific uraemic arteriolopathy (CUA), also called calciphylaxis, is a rare but potentially fatal vascular disorder that almost exclusively affects patients with chronic renal failure. […] The objective of this study was to analyse the current epidemiology of calciphylaxis in the region of Hospital 12 de Octubre, the risk factors for its development and the patients clinical courses depending on the treatment received. […] In general, it is more prevalent in obese women, as our case-series shows. […] The majority of the patients showed cardiovascular risk factors (hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obesity), coronary disease and chronic ischaemia, which causes tissue hypoperfusion. […] A risk score should be established for an early diagnosis, as well as standard treatment. Multicenter studies that enable the treatment of this condition to be standardised are needed.

• #106 Calciphylaxis: Beyond CKD-MBD | Nefrología

  https://www.revistanefrologia.com/en-calciphylaxis-beyond-ckd-mbd-articulo-S201325141730158X

  In general, it is more prevalent in obese women, as our case-series shows. […] The prognosis of this disease is very poor, as it shows a mortality rate of up to 60-80%, with calciphylaxis-related sepsis as the most common cause of death. […] In conclusion, although calciphylaxis is a rare condition, it has a high mortality rate. The patient profile has changed: it is not constrained to uraemic situations, but also occurs in patients with normal functioning renal transplants or in subjects with no kidney disease. […] A risk score should be established for an early diagnosis, as well as standard treatment. Multicenter studies that enable the treatment of this condition to be standardised are needed.

• #107 Calciphylaxis epidemiology, risk factors, treatment and survival among French chronic kidney disease patients: a case-control study | BMC Nephrology | Full Text

  https://bmcnephrol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12882-020-01722-y

  The mortality rate was particularly high in our study. Ulcerative lesions and proximal-type CUA, known as poor prognosis factors, were predominant. The prolonged diagnosis delay could be explained by the use of ulcerative skin lesions as inclusion criteria, because non-ulcerative lesions precede the ulcerative lesions by several days. […] […] Our study confirms the data reported by others on CUA but showed for the first time the contribution of significant unintentional weight loss. Few therapeutic measures seem efficient. Among them, STS is commonly used, but its benefit has still to be proved. The ongoing trials are of major interest.

• #108 Data Highlight Management, Outcomes of Calciphylaxis in Patients With CKD

  https://www.ajmc.com/view/data-highlight-management-outcomes-of-calciphylaxis-in-patients-with-ckd

  Researchers aimed to describe the management and outcomes of calcific uremic arteriolopathy, or calciphylaxis, in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), according to a study published in BMC Nephrology. […] In this retrospective cohort study, researchers analyzed data from 89 cases of CUA identified between 2006 and 2016 in western France. […] The main risk factors associated with developing CUA among dialysis patients were obesity, vitamin K antagonists (VKA), weight loss, serum albumin decrease, or high serum phosphate within the 6 months prior to lesion onset. […] Although mainly obese patients receiving VKA contracted CUA, malnutrition and inflammation preceded the onset of skin lesions and could be warning signs among dialysis patients at risk, researchers said. […] Trials to better understand the impact of STS on CUA are currently underway.

• #109 Orphanet: Calciphylaxis

  https://www.orpha.net/en/disease/detail/280062

  Calciphylaxis typically affects patients with end-stage kidney disease (ESKD) treated with dialysis. Incidence amongst patients on hemodialysis varies worldwide, ranging from 0.35 % in the USA to less than 0.03% in Japan. A report suggests an increasing incidence in the USA. The incidence in kidney-transplant recipients and in patients without ESKD, including among those with earlier stages of chronic kidney disease, is unknown. Approximately 60 to 70% of patients with calciphylaxis are women. […] Diagnosis is suspected on clinical presentation. Skin biopsy may facilitate exclusion of conditions that mimic calciphylaxis. […] There is no approved treatment for calciphylaxis. Treatment focuses on pain control, wound management, and mitigation of risk factors. Off label treatments like sodium thiosulfate are frequently used clinically.

• #110 Calciphylaxis: Background, Pathophysiology, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/1095481-overview

  Calciphylaxis is an uncommon condition that affects 1-4% of the population with ESRD. […] A concern exists that the incidence has increased during the last decade because of a number of possible factors, including more widespread use of parenteral vitamin D and iron dextran. […] In a study using data from the Australia and New Zealand Dialysis and Transplant Registry, the incidence of calciphylaxis episodes among patients on dialysis was found to be 4.5 (range, 4.1-5.1) per 1000 patient-years on dialysis. […] The incidence of calciphylaxis in the general population without ESRD is not known with certainty, but it is even lower. […] Calciphylaxis has been reported in individuals ranging in age from 6 months to 83 years. […] From a large series of patients, a mean patient age of 48 (16) years has been calculated. […] Females are affected more often than males, with a female-to-male ratio of approximately 3:1. […] Although the disease may affect persons of any race, it appears to be more prevalent in Whites.

• #111 Calciphylaxis Market Size, Industry Trends and Forecast 2024-2034

  https://www.imarcgroup.com/calciphylaxis-market

  Calciphylaxis Market: Epidemiology, Industry Trends, Share, Size, Growth, Opportunity, and Forecast 2024-2034. The calciphylaxis market has been comprehensively analyzed in IMARC’s new report titled „Calciphylaxis Market: Epidemiology, Industry Trends, Share, Size, Growth, Opportunity, and Forecast 2024-2034”. […] The incidence among patients on hemodialysis varies globally, ranging from 0.35% in the United States to less than 0.03% in Japan. […] Patients with calciphylaxis are diagnosed at a median age of 60 years, with women accounting for 60-70% of the total. […] This condition has a 55% one-year death rate. […] What is the number of prevalent cases (2018-2034) of calciphylaxis across the seven major markets? […] What is the size of the calciphylaxis patient pool (2018-2023) across the seven major markets? […] What would be the forecasted patient pool (2024-2034) across the seven major markets? […] What are the key factors driving the epidemiological trend of calciphylaxis? […] What will be the growth rate of patients across the seven major markets?

• #112 Calciphylaxis epidemiology, risk factors, treatment and survival among French chronic kidney disease patients: a case-control study | BMC Nephrology | Full Text

  https://bmcnephrol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12882-020-01722-y

  In order to explore risk factors of CUA among dialyzed patients, each CUA dialysis patient was matched with two controls identified in the REIN registry of treated ESRD in France. Matching criteria were: gender, age (±2 years), treatment by hemodialysis in the same geographical area and at the same time of CUA diagnosis in the case. […] […] Univariate logistic regression analysis revealed dialyzed CUA patients had significantly more diabetes mellitus, diabetes and/or hypertension associated nephropathy, symptomatic peripheral vascular disease, history of cardiac failure or of pathologic fracture. They had increased adjusted serum calcium, serum phosphate, calcium phosphate product, normalized iPTH and CRP in the 6 months prior to identification of lesions. By multivariate analysis, risk factors independently associated CUA in dialyzed patients were obesity, coronary artery disease, weight loss over the last 6 months, serum phosphate increase within 6 months before diagnosis and VKA therapy. […]

• #113 New Calciphylaxis Risk Factor Identified – Renal and Urology News

  https://www.renalandurologynews.com/news/new-calciphylaxis-risk-factor-identified/

  Unintentional weight loss, obesity, and use of vitamin K antagonists (VKA) are among the risk factors for calciphylaxis in patients on hemodialysis (HD), according to new study findings from a case-control study published in BMC Nephrology. […] Our study confirms the data reported by others on CUA but showed for the first time the contribution of significant unintentional weight loss, Dr Gaisnes team wrote. […] Calciphylaxis mainly involved obese patients on VKA therapy, the authors concluded. Malnutrition and inflammation preceded the onset of skin lesions and could be warning signs among dialysis patients at risk.

• #114 Calciphylaxis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK519020/

  Although calciphylaxis can develop in the absence of kidney disease, most cases occur in patients with advanced renal failure. The incidence of calciphylaxis in dialysis patients ranges from 0.04% to 4%, and the rate appears to be rising over the last decade.[4] […] Calciphylaxis is associated with substantial morbidity due to severe pain, non-healing wounds, and frequent hospitalizations. It is a highly fatal condition with 1-year mortality rates greater than 50%, most frequently due to sepsis. […] The outlook for most patients with calciphylaxis is poor. Most patients have a poor quality of life and suffer from excruciating pain, which is often not responsive to conventional analgesics.

• #115 Calciphylaxis

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5907931/

  The present review describes recent literature in the field of calciphylaxis. The previous sample size limitation of calciphylaxis research is now beginning to get addressed by large calciphylaxis registries and national level databases. As a result, better quality data are now available regarding calciphylaxis incidence, risk factors, and outcomes.

• #116

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40620-020-00908-9

  Calciphylaxis is a rare condition associated with very high mortality in patients with end-stage kidney disease. […] Data from country-based registries have been an invaluable resource for a better understanding of the natural history and management for this condition. […] The reported prevalence of CUA in dialysis patients ranges from 14%, with an annual incidence of around 0.04%. […] The annual mortality rate is reported to be as high as 60% in patients with CUA. […] Country-based registries and studies have been a major resource in providing data on the natural history and outcomes of CUA. […] The UKCS had a predominance of female and Caucasian distribution which is in agreement with previous observations. […] A high prevalence of diabetes and the higher median BMI noted in the UKCS patients were similar to that reported by Nigwekar et al. […] Both univariable and multivariable cox-regression analysis have shown calciphylaxis as a strong and independent risk factor associated with all-cause mortality. […] This study has shown that calciphylaxis is a strong and independent risk factor associated with all-cause mortality.

• #117

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11606-014-2910-1

  The most recent annual incidence of calciphylaxis was noted to be 5.7 cases per 10,000 chronic hemodialysis patients. […] We have described development and application of an innovative research algorithm to investigate the epidemiology of calciphylaxis, a rare disease with significant morbidity and mortality seen in chronic hemodialysis patients. […] To the best of our knowledge, ours is the first study to systematically investigate the incidence and mortality of calciphylaxis at a national level in the United States. […] Our study provides valuable information for future patient-oriented research in calciphylaxis and also serves as a template for investigations in other rare diseases.

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