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• #1 Broken ankle – Diagnosis & treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/broken-ankle/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20450038

  Your doctor will examine your ankle to check for points of tenderness. The precise location of your pain can help determine its cause. […] Your doctor may move your foot into different positions to check your range of motion. You may be asked to walk for a short distance so that your doctor can examine your gait. […] If your signs and symptoms suggest a break or fracture, your doctor may suggest one or more of the following imaging tests. […] Most ankle fractures can be visualized on X-rays. The technician may need to take X-rays from several different angles so that the bone images won’t overlap too much. Stress fractures often don’t show up on X-rays until the break actually starts healing. […] A bone scan can help your doctor diagnose fractures that don’t show up on X-rays. A technician will inject a small amount of radioactive material into a vein. The radioactive material is attracted to your bones, especially the parts of your bones that have been damaged. Damaged areas, including stress fractures, show up as bright spots on the resulting image.

• #1 Ankle Fractures. Information about broken ankle. Patient

  https://patient.info/doctor/ankle-fractures

  Ankle fractures are a break in one or more of the bones of the ankle joint – the tibia, fibula and talus. […] Many ankle injuries are managed conservatively. However, obvious clinical deformity (ie dislocation) or injuries with neurovascular compromise of the foot are an orthopaedic emergency, for which immediate reduction is required. […] History and examination of ankle injuries are discussed in detail in the separate Ankle Injuries article. However, some key points for suspected ankle fractures are detailed below. […] Ankle fractures and ankle sprains can present in a similar way. Features that may suggest a fracture include obvious deformity, swelling, bruising, inability to weight bear and bony tenderness. […] Not everyone with an ankle injury needs to have an X-ray. Clinically it may be very difficult to differentiate a fracture from a severe sprain without an X-ray unless there is obvious distortion or instability.

• #1 Broken Ankles: Diagnosis & Treatment | NewYork-Presbyterian

  https://www.nyp.org/orthopedics/columbia-orthopedics/broken-ankles/treatment

  How is a Broken Ankle Diagnosed? Diagnosis An orthopedic specialist performs a physical examination first. The doctor may order tests to confirm a broken ankle diagnosis and evaluate the injury level. […] Tests to examine fracture can include: […] X-ray can show the exact fracture location and provide information to help the doctor plan the treatment. […] CT (Computed Tomography) scan and MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) for large fractures or injuries that involve ligaments.

• #1 Ankle Fractures (Broken Ankle) – OrthoInfo – AAOS

  https://orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/diseases–conditions/ankle-fractures-broken-ankle/

  A broken ankle is also known as an ankle fracture. This means that one or more of the bones that make up the ankle joint are broken. […] Doctors classify ankle fractures according to the area of the bone that is broken. For example, a fracture at the end of the fibula is called a lateral malleolus fracture, or if both the tibia and fibular are broken, it is called a bimalleolar fracture. […] If your doctor suspects an ankle fracture, they will order one or more of the following imaging tests to diagnose and evaluate the fracture. […] Most ankle fractures can be diagnosed with X-rays. X-rays provide images of dense structures such as bone. They can show where the bones are broken and if any of the bones are out of place (displaced). […] A CT scan provides detailed cross-sectional X-ray images of the ankle and is sometimes done to further evaluate the ankle injury.

• #1 Radiographic diagnosis of ankle fractures: are three views necessary? – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7951949/

  One hundred and twenty-three sets of emergency room ankle x-rays (anteroposterior lateral and mortise) were retrospectively reviewed to determine whether all three views were necessary to diagnose the presence of an ankle fracture. […] The overall accuracy of two views was within the 95% expected threshold of accuracy using three views. The lateral and mortise views alone appear sufficient for ankle fracture diagnosis, and imply a substantial decrease in radiation and cost savings to the patient.

• #1 Broken Ankle Symptoms, Causes, Pictures, Treatments, and Rehab

  https://www.healthline.com/health/broken-ankle

  An X-ray lets a doctor see the location, type, and severity of the break. […] A stress test determines if a sprained ankle needs surgery. A doctor will place pressure on the ankle and take an X-ray. If the joint opens up, this indicates a grade 3 tear that may need to be repaired. […] A CT scan provides more detailed images by taking multiple cross-sectional pictures of the ankle. […] An MRI scan uses a magnetic field and radio waves to show the bones and surrounding tissue. It can help the doctor find fractures that dont show up on X-rays. It can also see tears in the ligaments. […] Treatment depends on the severity of the break. If you have a minor ankle break, you might get a walking boot, cast, or splint. If its serious, you might need surgery to realign the bone. […] Experts recommend surgery for severe ankle breaks that cant heal with a boot, cast, or splint. A surgeon may use metal rods, screws, or plates to realign the bone. This will keep the bone in place as it heals. The procedure is called open reduction internal fixation (ORIF).

• #1 Broken Ankle Joliet, IL | Ankle Surgery Chicago, IL

  https://www.hinsdale-orthopaedics.com/broken-ankle-ankle-fractures-ortho-surgeon-chicagoland-il.html

  Ankle injuries are very common in athletes and individuals performing physical work; often resulting in severe pain and impaired mobility. […] An ankle fracture is a painful condition where there is a break in one or more bones forming the ankle joint. […] The diagnosis of an ankle injury begins with a review of your history and a thorough physical examination. This is followed by X-rays and CT scan of the injured area to obtain a detailed view. […] In some cases, pressure is applied on the ankle and then special X-rays are taken. This procedure is called a stress test. This test is ordered to determine the stability of the fracture under stress and decide on the need for surgery. […] In complex cases where a detailed evaluation of the ligaments is required, an MRI scan is recommended.

• #1 Broken ankle – Diagnosis & treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/broken-ankle/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20450038

  Computed tomography (CT) takes X-rays from many different angles and combines them to make cross-sectional images of internal structures of your body. CT scans can reveal more detail about the injured bone and the soft tissues that surround it. A CT scan may help your doctor determine the best treatment for your broken ankle. […] Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) uses radio waves and a strong magnetic field to create very detailed images of the ligaments that help hold your ankle together. This imaging helps to show ligaments and bones and can identify fractures not seen on X-rays.

• #1

  https://www.orthobullets.com/trauma/1047/ankle-fractures

  CT scan is indicated for trimalleolar ankle fracture for operative planning. […] MRI is used to evaluate for soft tissue or cartilaginous injuries. […] Ankle motion is generally limited in cases of fracture. […] Overall success rate of operative treatment is 90%. […] Anatomic reduction is considered the most important factor for satisfactory outcome. […] ORIF is superior to closed treatment of bimalleolar fractures.

• #1 Ankle Fractures (Broken Ankle) – OrthoInfo – AAOS

  https://orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/diseases–conditions/ankle-fractures-broken-ankle/

  MRI scans provide high-resolution images of both bones and soft tissue structures, like ligaments. Because MRI scans are more sensitive than other imaging tests, they may be used to detect ligaments injuries. […] Treatment of ankle fractures depends on the type and severity of the injury. […] A stable bimalleolar fracture may be treated with cast immobilization for several weeks. […] Because there are injuries to both sides of the ankle, most bimalleolar fractures need surgical repair. […] Most of the time, if the medial malleolus and lateral malleolus fractures are repaired, the posterior fragment will go back into place on its own. If the posterior fragment is out of place, surgical repair is required. […] Rehabilitation is the key to your recovery, no matter which type of treatment you received. […] Many patients will experience stiffness and swelling in the injured ankle for many months, even after the fracture has healed.

• #1 Broken foot – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/broken-foot/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20355498

  Your healthcare professional will look at your ankle, foot and lower leg and check for tenderness. Moving your foot around can show your range of motion. Your health professional might want to watch how you walk. […] To diagnose a broken foot, your healthcare professional might order one or more of these imaging tests. […] Most foot fractures can be seen on X-rays. Stress fractures often don’t show up on X-rays until the break starts healing. […] A bone scan can find breaks that don’t show up on X-rays. A technician injects a small amount of radioactive material into a vein. The radioactive material makes damaged bones, including stress fractures, show up as bright spots on the image. […] A CT scan uses X-ray techniques to create detailed images of the bones in the body from different angles. Compared with X-rays, CT scans can show more detail about the injured bone and the soft tissues that surround it.

• #1 Ankle Fractures: Nursing Diagnosis & Interventions | Nurse.com

  https://www.nurse.com/clinical-guides/ankle-fractures/?srsltid=AfmBOooiPCpU-3u_Uiv2Cd_JdFhuDE1yiKQq-18vZsi_bAxCC8XzZ28O

  Ankle Fracture Diagnosis: Diagnostic tools for ankle fractures include: […] X-rays: Standard imaging to identify and classify the fracture. […] Ultrasound: Useful for assessing ligament, tendon injuries, and identifying fractures when X-rays are inconclusive. […] CT scan or MRI: For complex fractures or when additional soft tissue damage is suspected. […] Initial assessment: Includes X-ray interpretation to determine the fracture type and extent. […] Ankle Fracture Nursing diagnoses: Alteration in comfort […] Impaired tissue perfusion […] Self-care deficit […] Risk for injury (e.g., walking with crutches) […] Knowledge deficit […] Anxiety […] Acute pain […] Impaired skin integrity […] Risk for infection […] Impaired physical mobility […] Constipation (from narcotics use).

• #1 Ankle Fracture Management in the ED Workup: Laboratory Studies, Imaging Studies

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/824224-workup

  A study of patients who presented to an urban level 1 trauma center with acute ankle injuries found that the sensitivity of bedside ultrasonography for detecting foot and/or ankle fractures was 100% and that the specificity of the Ottawa Foot and Ankle Rules increased from 50% to 100% with the addition of ultrasonography.

• #1 Ankle Fracture – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK542324/

  Ankle fractures are among the most common orthopedic injuries, presenting challenges due to their complexity and the potential involvement of multiple structures, including bones, ligaments, nerves, and blood vessels. […] This activity reviews acute ankle fracture evaluation, classification, and management. […] The course emphasizes the importance of timely intervention, accurate diagnosis, and interprofessional collaboration to minimize complications, optimize outcomes, and restore ankle function while addressing variations in fracture patterns across age groups and injury mechanisms. […] Ankle fractures are common injuries that could result from a range of mechanisms, such as a trivial twisting in frail adults up to high-energy trauma in the young population. Treatment of ankle fractures aims to restore joint alignment and stability to reduce the risk of post-traumatic ankle arthritis.

• #1 Ankle Fractures. Information about broken ankle. Patient

  https://patient.info/doctor/ankle-fractures

  Ankle radiography is indicated only if a patient has pain in the malleolar zone and any of the following findings: Bone tenderness at the posterior edge or tip of the medial or lateral malleolus, or Inability to bear weight (four steps) immediately after injury and at the time of assessment. […] If an X-ray is performed, anteroposterior (AP), lateral and mortise (oblique) views can be taken. […] Treatment is determined by the stability of the ankle joint. Some fracture patterns are considered stable and may be managed as ankle sprains. All other fracture types may be offered either conservative therapy or surgery, depending on individual circumstances. […] The choice between conservative and operative treatment will depend on individual circumstances. Evidence as to which produces the best long-term outcomes is mixed and sometimes contradictory. […] Ankle fractures among the elderly population may cause treatment difficulties, with medical co-morbidities, fragile local soft tissues and osteoporosis.

• #1 Ankle Fracture – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK542324/

  Differentiating ankle fractures from other traumatic foot and ankle conditions is crucial, as these injuries can present with similar symptoms but necessitate distinct management approaches. […] The prognosis for stable nonsurgical ankle fractures is excellent. […] Complications following ankle fractures can occur after both conservative nonoperative management and operative management. […] Neuropathic arthropathy, also called Charcot arthropathy, is a significant complication of ankle fracture in individuals with diabetes. […] Education is a crucial component of care for patients with ankle fractures.

• #1

  https://www.foothealthfacts.org/article/ankle-fractures-often-not-diagnosed

  Long-term complications result from poor recovery. […] Mistaking an ankle fracture for an ankle sprain has serious consequences when the foot does not heal correctly. […] An ankle fracture involves a crack or break in the bones that form the ankle joint. […] Both injuries can happen simultaneously when the ankle moves beyond its normal range of motion, but a fracture requires more complex treatment than a sprain. […] Telltale signs of a fracture include bruising, blisters, significant swelling or bone protruding through the skin. […] Patients with unrecognized ankle fractures have a high risk of developing infection, arthritis and foot deformities that may make it impossible to walk normally again. […] Another problem older patients have is increased risk of developing arthritis after an ankle fracture.

• #1 Understanding the Difference Between a Broken vs Sprained Ankle

  https://modernfootankle.com/foot-and-ankle-care/broken-ankle-vs-sprained/

  Ankle injuries are common, but determining whether you’ve sprained or broken your ankle can be challenging without proper assessment. […] A broken ankle often causes sharp, immediate pain and visible deformity, while a sprain may lead to gradual swelling and discomfort. For an accurate diagnosis, seek medical attention and avoid self-diagnosis to prevent further complications. […] A broken ankle, or ankle fracture, occurs when one or more bones in the ankle joint are cracked or broken. Depending on the severity, it can involve a small crack or a complete break in one or more of the bones. […] A clear diagnosis often requires an X-ray or MRI, which can reveal bone fractures or torn ligaments. Relying solely on symptoms may lead to a misdiagnosis, so imaging is critical. […] You should consult a doctor if you experience significant pain, swelling, and bruising, or if you cannot bear weight on the ankle. Even if the symptoms seem mild, a medical evaluation is important to prevent complications and ensure proper healing.

• #1 Ankle fracture – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ankle_fracture

  Ankle fractures may result from excessive stress on the joint such as from rolling an ankle or from blunt trauma. […] The Ottawa ankle rule can help determine the need for X-rays. […] Imaging for evaluation of ankle fractures can include x-rays, CT scans, and MRIs. Typically evaluation begins with x-rays, which can provide information about the mechanism of injury, severity of injury, and stability of fracture. […] The Ottawa ankle rules determine the necessity of obtaining x-rays in patients with acute ankle injuries. […] On X-rays, there can be a fracture of the medial malleolus, the lateral malleolus, and/or of the anterior/posterior margin of the distal tibia. […] CT scans may be indicated when there is concern for a highly comminuted fracture or a fracture involving the joint surface.

• #1 Diagnosis of an Ankle Sprain and Broken Ankle

  https://www.emedicinehealth.com/broken_ankle_or_ankle_sprain/article_em.htm

  When an X-ray is needed to diagnose a sprained or broken ankle. […] As it turns out, the vast majority of those ankle X-rays done were normal and, in retrospect, could be seen as expensive, wasteful, and posed another opportunity to expose a person to unneeded radiation. […] Following the Ottawa ankle rules, X-rays are only needed when these criteria are present: Tenderness over the tip of the lateral malleolus (the fibula bone on the outside of the ankle) and the last 2.5 inches (or 6 cm) of the bone. […] Just because an ankle isn’t broken doesn’t mean that no injury has occurred. […] That ligament is all that keeps the ankle from dislocating and may be injured in association with a fractured lateral malleolus (with this injury, there is always significant swelling and pain that would fit the criteria to require an X-ray). […] Perhaps one of the most important discussions a doctor can have with the patient involves the use of testing, be it blood tests or X-rays. The result of the test should be used to help make the diagnosis or follow the effects of treatment.

• #1 Ankle Fracture Management in the ED Workup: Laboratory Studies, Imaging Studies

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/824224-workup

  Diagnostic guidelines for suspected ankle fracture are available in the American College of Radiology (ACR) Appropriateness Criteria. […] ACR Appropriateness Criteria for acute trauma to the ankle include the following: use of 3-view (anteroposterior, lateral, and mortise) radiographic evaluation for patients meeting the criteria of the Ottawa Ankle Rules, cross-sectional imaging as a tool for preoperative planning and as a problem-solving technique for patients with persistent symptoms in whom occult fracture is suspected. […] The Ottawa Ankle Rules have been developed to predict the necessity of radiographs for acute ankle injuries, with the goal of protecting patients from unnecessary radiation exposure. […] Application of the Ottawa Ankle Rules to patients younger than 18 years is controversial.

• #1 Broken Ankle (Fractured Ankle): Symptoms & Recovery Time

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21644-broken-ankle

  You should contact your healthcare provider or go to the emergency room if you have: Uncontrolled pain, Numbness, Tingling, Increased swelling, You can’t put weight on your ankle, Signs of infection like fever, chills, redness or your cut (incision) is draining. […] Questions you may want to ask your provider include: What kind of ankle fracture do I have? Do I need surgery? How soon can I put weight on my injured ankle? How long before my ankle is completely healed?

• #1 Ankle fracture – aftercare: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/patientinstructions/000548.htm

  An ankle fracture is a break in 1 or more ankle bones. These fractures may: […] Some ankle fractures may require surgery when: […] When surgery is needed, it may require metal pins, screws, or plates to hold the bones in place as the fracture heals. […] You may be referred to an orthopedic (bone) doctor. […] Without surgery, your ankle will be placed in a cast or splint for 4 to 8 weeks. […] Your provider will do x-rays periodically after your injury to see how your ankle is healing. […] Your provider will let you know when you can return to regular activities and sports. Most people need at least 6 to 10 weeks to fully heal.

• #1 Broken Ankle

  https://upmc.it/en/blog/orthopaedics/broken-ankle

  Unstable fractures are most common high-impact injuries and among the elderly. These fractures involve bones breaking repeatedly or damaging surrounding ligaments. Typically, surgery is required to restore ankle alignment. The orthopaedic surgeon will use pins, screws, plates or other instruments to stabilise the area. […] Recovery time depends on the severity of the fracture and factors such as the desired physical activity and the extent of the surgical intervention. On average, ankle fractures take about two months to heal, with persistent pain gradually improving.

• #1 How to Tell the Difference Between a Sprain or Broken Ankle – JOI Jacksonville Orthopaedic Institute

  https://www.joionline.net/library/how-to-tell-the-difference-between-a-sprain-or-broken-ankle/

  Ankle injuries are one of the most common injuries in sports and everyday activities, however it can be difficult to tell if you have a sprain or broken ankle. The quick answer is the difference between a sprain and broken ankle is the presence of a fracture, chip or crack in the bones. This fracture in the ankle can be seen with the use of an x-ray. […] A broken ankle involves fracturing one of the bones that makes up the joint. […] Fractures typically occur as a result of: Severe force to the joint, Rolling the ankle on the side, or extreme flexing, Extension of the joint. […] In order to make an a proper diagnosis between a sprained or broken ankle. First, an exam with a physician is needed. Next, The physician will do a physical exam on the injured ankle as well as examining the x-rays. The physical exam will determine the amount of laxity of the ligaments of the ankle. Sometimes other diagnostic tests are needed to assist in the diagnosis of the injury. […] The key to knowing which injury you have is to get evaluated by a physician. The physician may use an x-ray or other diagnostic test to differentiate between a broken or sprained ankle. […] A broken or fractured ankle requires medical attention for diagnosis and treatment.

• #2 Broken Ankle (Fractured Ankle): Symptoms & Recovery Time

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21644-broken-ankle

  A broken ankle happens when you break one or more bones in your ankle joint. […] A healthcare provider will use several tests to diagnose ankle fractures and determine the extent of your injury. Tests your provider might use to examine your fracture include: Physical examination, X-ray, Computed tomography (CT) scan, Magnetic resonance imagery (MRI), Bone scan. […] Ankle fracture treatment depends on factors like the number of ankle bones broken and the severity of the injury. Not all broken ankles require surgery, but all ankle fractures require some level of care to heal. […] A broken ankle that’s displaced typically requires surgery. Displaced means the bones are out of place (not in line). Surgeons use pins, wires, screws and sometimes plates to surgically repair fractured ankles. They’ll likely perform an open reduction and internal fixation.

• #2 Ankle Fractures (Broken Ankle) – OrthoInfo – AAOS

  https://orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/diseases–conditions/ankle-fractures-broken-ankle/

  A broken ankle is also known as an ankle fracture. This means that one or more of the bones that make up the ankle joint are broken. […] Doctors classify ankle fractures according to the area of the bone that is broken. For example, a fracture at the end of the fibula is called a lateral malleolus fracture, or if both the tibia and fibular are broken, it is called a bimalleolar fracture. […] If your doctor suspects an ankle fracture, they will order one or more of the following imaging tests to diagnose and evaluate the fracture. […] Most ankle fractures can be diagnosed with X-rays. X-rays provide images of dense structures such as bone. They can show where the bones are broken and if any of the bones are out of place (displaced). […] A CT scan provides detailed cross-sectional X-ray images of the ankle and is sometimes done to further evaluate the ankle injury.

• #2 Broken Ankle Symptoms, Causes, Pictures, Treatments, and Rehab

  https://www.healthline.com/health/broken-ankle

  A broken ankle is also called a fractured ankle. It happens when one or more bones in the ankle joint break. If youve been injured, have pain, and cant walk or move your foot, you may have broken your ankle. […] X-rays can show the location, type, and severity of your ankle break. This will help your doctor determine the appropriate way to treat your injury. […] The only way to determine if there is a fracture or sprain is to visit a doctor. […] To diagnose your injury, your doctor will do different tests. They might include: Physical exam. The doctor will examine your ankle for swelling and tenderness. If there is tenderness over a ligament, the injury is most likely a sprain. If tenderness is over the bone, its most likely a fracture. They might also move your foot around to determine your range of motion.

• #2 Treatment Options for Ankle Fractures

  https://thcds.com/blog/treatment-options-for-ankle-fractures/

  Sometimes, when a patient sustains an injury, the presence of a fracture is obvious. Sometimes, it is not. Symptoms of an ankle fracture that might indicate a fracture will include throbbing pain; bruising, inflammation, redness and tenderness; increased pain during activity, which subsides during rest; a visible deformity of the bone in the foot and/or ankle; or difficulty walking or bearing weight. […] The treatment process begins with an assessment, in which an orthopedic specialist determines the severity of the injury and the best course of treatment. The doctor will examine the ankle to check for points of tenderness and pain and may move the foot into different positions to check range of motion. The patient may also be asked the patient to walk for a short distance, allowing the doctor to analyze the patients gait.

• #2 Ankle Fracture Management in the ED Workup: Laboratory Studies, Imaging Studies

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/824224-workup

  Perform a standard 3-view radiographic examination (anteroposterior [AP], lateral, and mortise views) of the ankle. […] The ankle joint usually adheres to the ring axiom (eg, a fracture in one part of the ring often is associated with a second injury). Always look for an associated medial malleolar fracture when a spiral fracture of the fibula proximal to the ankle mortise is seen. […] Accessory ossicles frequently appear adjacent to the medial and lateral malleoli and may mimic fracture. […] Radiographic examination of the foot is not required for patients with an isolated ankle complaint. […] Externally rotated lateral radiographic projections can provide surgeons with additional information regarding the presence, size, and displacement of posterior malleolar ankle fractures. […] Advanced imaging is most useful for diagnosing talar dome and triplane fractures, for distinguishing pilon from trimalleolar fractures, and for differentiating an accessory ossicle from an avulsion fracture.

• #2 Ankle Fracture | Orthopedic & Sports Medicine | Bon Secours

  https://www.bonsecours.com/health-care-services/orthopedics-sports-medicine/foot-ankle/conditions/ankle-fracture

  Ankle fractures are caused by forcefully rotating, twisting or rolling your ankle. […] Your doctor can diagnose an ankle fracture with a physical exam and diagnostic testing such as an X-ray, CT scan, MRI, or bone scan. […] Your doctor can diagnose an ankle fracture. During a clinic visit, your doctor will take a full medical history, evaluate your symptoms, perform a physical exam, and order diagnostic testing. […] Imaging tests your doctor may order include: X-ray An X-ray will reveal if your bone is broken, if the bone has been displaced and if there are several broken bones. […] Stress test A stress test will reveal if you need surgery. […] CT scan If the fracture extends into the ankle joint, a CT scan may be appropriate. […] MRI scan An MRI scan provides detailed images of bones and soft tissues.

• #2 Ankle Fracture – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK542324/

  A complete patient history is an integral part of any medical evaluation. […] Identifying the mechanism of injury is crucial for understanding its nature and severity. […] Ankle radiographs should be requested when a patient presents with pain or tenderness in either malleolus, accompanied by at least 1 of the following criteria: […] Plain radiographs (x-rays) are taken early to assess ankle injuries. […] A computed tomography scan is valuable for evaluating complex ankle injuries and provides detailed information about the articular surfaces, fracture configurations, and the degree of bone comminution. […] Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a valuable diagnostic tool for evaluating ligamentous and other soft tissue conditions of the ankle. […] Ankle fracture treatment aims to restore stability in the ankle mortise. Unstable fractures are generally treated surgically, whereas stable fractures may be adequately addressed with conservative treatment.

• #2 Ankle fracture – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ankle_fracture

  MRI is less commonly used to diagnose ankle fractures but may be used to show problems involving the soft tissues (ligaments and tendons) and articular cartilage. […] The stability of the ankle joint often dictates treatment. Certain fracture patterns are stable and are thus treated without surgery similarly to ankle sprains. Unstable fractures require surgery, most often an open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF), which is usually performed with permanently implanted metal hardware that holds the bones in place while the natural healing process occurs. […] General complications associated with surgical treatment include infection, bleeding, blood clots, wound healing problems, and damage to surrounding nerves and blood vessels. Specific complications associated with surgical treatment of ankle fractures include fracture healing in an abnormal position (malunion), post-traumatic arthritis, failed fracture healing after a prolonged period of time (nonunion), and decreased range of motion (post-operative stiffness).

• #2 Sprained Ankle vs. Broken Ankle: Symptoms, Treatment, Recovery

  https://www.healthline.com/health/sprained-ankle-vs-broken-ankle

  If youve recently hurt your ankle, you may be concerned that you have a sprained or broken ankle. Distinguishing between them can be difficult and an accurate diagnosis often requires an X-ray or other imagining test. […] A broken ankle also called an ankle fracture is when one or more of the bones around your ankle joint breaks. […] Broken ankles are a relatively common injury that make up about 15 percent of ankle injuries seen in emergency departments. The severity can vary from a hairline fracture to a displaced fracture that requires surgery. […] Its important to get medical attention if you think you may have broken your ankle, or if you have severe pain, swelling, or bruising after injuring your ankle. […] Your doctor or healthcare professional will carefully examine your ankle, foot, and lower part of your leg. Theyll also check for tenderness and move your foot to get an idea of how well you can move your ankle joint.

• #2 Ankle Fracture Management in the ED Workup: Laboratory Studies, Imaging Studies

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/824224-workup

  No laboratory studies are necessary for patients with isolated ankle fracture when caused by a plausible mechanism. However, repeated ankle fracture or fracture caused by simple, low-force trauma may require investigation for osteoporosis, Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, arthritis, connective tissue disease, or peripheral vascular disease. […] Routinely obtaining radiographs following an ankle injury is not cost-effective, because less than 15% of affected patients have a fracture. Patients without fracture are identified reliably on physical examination. […] Indications for ankle radiographs for patients with acute ankle pain include pain in the ankle region plus one of the following: bony tenderness at the distal 6 cm of the posterior edge of the medial malleolus, bony tenderness at the distal 6 cm of the posterior edge of the lateral malleolus, inability to bear weight both immediately and in the ED (defined as 4 steps).

• #2 Ankle Sprain vs. Ankle Fracture | Advanced Ortho and Spine

  https://advancedorthoandspine.com/orthopaedics/ankle-sprain-vs-ankle-fracture-whats-the-difference/

  An ankle fracture refers to a break in a bone. The fracture can be a non-displaced crack in the bone, meaning the bone is still aligned, but can also be displaced resulting in a disruption in the normal alignment of the bone. Most often, a broken ankle is caused by a fall, car accidents, high-impact sports, or injuries where excessive force is involved. […] Importantly, ankle sprains and fractures are not mutually exclusive. So, it’s possible to experience both at the same time. In fact, sprain/fracture combinations are quite common. So, be sure to seek medical advice to ensure you receive a correct and complete diagnosis. […] Fractures that are nondisplaced, or are still aligned with the other bones, will need a boot or cast to completely immobilize the ankle so that the healing goes as it should. This boot or cast will replace a shoe, rather than be worn inside of a shoe. If the break is displaced, meaning out of alignment, manipulation of the fracture and surgery may be necessary so that the bone realigns and heals properly. Characteristics of a fracture are what dictate the necessity of surgery. As the initial pain and swelling go down and healing has begun, physical therapy is used to regain range of motion and muscle loss during the duration of the injury. Most fractures will heal in six to eight weeks. Also, if the fracture involves the ankle joint, arthritis could develop in the future.

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