Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Dumping syndrome – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/dumping-syndrome/symptoms-causes/syc-20371915

  Dumping syndrome is a condition in which food, especially food high in sugar, moves from your stomach into your small bowel too quickly after you eat. […] Most people with dumping syndrome develop signs and symptoms, such as abdominal cramps and diarrhea, 10 to 30 minutes after eating. Other people have symptoms 1 to 3 hours after eating. And still others have both early and late symptoms. […] Signs and symptoms of dumping syndrome generally occur within minutes after eating, especially after a meal rich in table sugar (sucrose) or fruit sugar (fructose). They include: Feeling bloated or too full after eating, Nausea, Vomiting, Abdominal cramps, Diarrhea, Flushing, Dizziness, lightheadedness, Rapid heart rate. […] Late dumping syndrome starts 1 to 3 hours after you eat a high-sugar meal. It takes time for signs and symptoms to develop because after you eat your body releases large amounts of insulin to absorb the sugars entering your small intestine. The result is low blood sugar. […] Signs and symptoms of late dumping syndrome can include: Sweating, Flushing, Dizziness, lightheadedness, Weakness, Rapid heart rate. […] Some people have both early and late signs and symptoms. And dumping syndrome can develop years after surgery.

• #2 Dumping Syndrome: Diagnosis, Treatment, Symptoms & Causes

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17835-dumping-syndrome

  Dumping syndrome is a collection of symptoms that occur when your stomach empties its contents too rapidly into your small intestine. Rapid gastric emptying causes large amounts of undigested food to flood your small intestine. You may experience nausea, abdominal cramping and blood sugar reactions. […] When your stomach empties too quickly, your small intestine receives uncomfortably large amounts of poorly digested food. This can cause symptoms of nausea, bloating, abdominal cramps and diarrhea. It can also cause sudden blood sugar changes. […] Some people experience another set of symptoms a few hours later. This happens because of blood sugar changes. If your small intestine receives a concentrated serving of sugar content, it may set off alarms in your digestive system. Your small intestine may signal your pancreas to release extra insulin to regulate your blood sugar. This can cause your blood sugar to drop sharply (reactive hypoglycemia). This drop can cause faintness, shakiness and heart palpitations.

• #2 Dumping Syndrome: Diagnosis, Treatment, Symptoms & Causes

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/17835-dumping-syndrome

  Dumping syndrome has two phases, each with its own set of symptoms. You may experience one or both phases. Early dumping syndrome symptoms occur within 10 to 30 minutes after you’ve finished eating. You may experience: Nausea, Vomiting, Diarrhea, Abdominal pain and cramping, A distended abdomen, Feeling bloated, Dizzy spells, Heart rate accelerations. […] Late dumping syndrome begins to show signs about two to three hours after you’ve finished eating. You may experience: Weakness, Fatigue, Jitters or shakiness, Rapid or irregular heartbeat, Cold sweats, Face flushing, Brain fog, Hunger. […] It usually does, over time. Milder cases of early dumping syndrome usually resolve within three months. More severe cases and late dumping syndrome may take 12 to 18 months to subside. In the meantime, dietary changes will usually help, though it may take several weeks before you notice improvement.

• #3 Dumping Syndrome – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470542/

  Dumping syndrome can occur after a variety of gastric procedures and occurs due to the rapid movement of hyperosmolar chyme from the stomach into the small intestine. Most cases of dumping syndrome are successfully treated with dietary adjustments. Specifically, meals should be divided so that smaller portions of food are consumed with greater frequency, and liquids should not be consumed until 30 minutes after each meal. Additionally, simple sugars and milk products should be avoided and protein and fat calories should be increased to compensate for a decreased carbohydrate intake. Fiber-rich food is encouraged as it promotes a longer transit time in the bowel. […] In patients who have undergone gastric surgery, an estimated 20% to 50% of patients have symptoms of Dumping syndrome. Patients develop severe symptoms approximately at a rate of 1 to 5%. Early Dumping syndrome appears to have a higher incidence compared to late Dumping syndrome.

• #3 Dumping Syndrome – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470542/

  Dumping syndrome occurs in patients who have had gastric surgery. Symptoms of early dumping occur within 10 to 30 minutes after a meal. Late dumping can present 1 to 3 hours after a high-carbohydrate meal. […] In early dumping, the symptoms usually occur within 10 to 30 minutes after a meal. The rapid transit of hyperosmolar chyme from the stomach into the duodenum causes fluid to shift from the vasculature to the intestinal lumen, leading to increased volume in the small bowel. This is believed to be the cause of abdominal cramps, tachycardia, nausea, and diarrhea. […] Late dumping, also known as postprandial hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia, usually occurs 1 to 3 hours after a high-carbohydrate meal. There is an association with hypoglycemia, but the exact mechanism is unknown. It is proposed that the rapid absorption of carbohydrates exaggerates the glucose-mediated insulin response.

• #3 Dumping Syndrome – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK470542/

  Dumping syndrome is mainly characterized by abdominal pain, nausea/vomiting, weight loss, diarrhoea, early satiety, flushing and fatigue. These symptoms are manifestations of a variety of gastrointestinal and endocrine conditions so careful evaluation is warranted. […] Most cases of dumping syndrome are successfully treated with dietary adjustments. If dietary adjustments fail, the healthcare provider might recommend medical or surgical management but the success of such interventions is not well established.

• #4 Bariatric Surgery: Postoperative Concerns – American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery

  https://asmbs.org/resources/bariatric-surgery-postoperative-concerns/

  Dumping syndrome is a common side effect after Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass (RNYGB) surgery. About 85% of gastric bypass patients will experience dumping syndrome at some point after surgery. The symptoms can range from mild to severe. […] The bad news is that dumping makes you feel awful; it can be confused with other problems; it is scary and sometimes difficult to manage; and it may have some short-term physiologic consequences. […] Early dumping occurs as a result of rapid emptying of sugars or carbohydrates from the gastric pouch into the small intestine which causes the release of hormones (gut peptides) that effect blood pressure, heart rate, skin flushing and intestinal transit, leading to a light-headed, rapid heart rate and flushing sensation often accompanied by diarrhea. Late dumping symptoms are related to increased insulin after oral glucose (sugar) with subsequent hypoglycemia (low blood sugar).

• #4 Bariatric Surgery: Postoperative Concerns – American Society for Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery

  https://asmbs.org/resources/bariatric-surgery-postoperative-concerns/

  The diagnosis of dumping syndrome is primarily made by obtaining a history of the presence of classic symptoms related to food intake. Management of early dumping can be relatively straightforward. First, the symptoms should be discussed with the Bariatric Surgeon. Dietary compliance with avoidance of refined sugars, high glycemic carbohydrates, or other foods that may be associated with the syndrome would be the primary treatment. […] In summary, although bothersome and sometimes worrisome, dumping syndrome is not a life-threatening problem. Repetitive patient education about what to eat and what not to eat can manage early and late dumping syndrome.

• #5 Dumping Syndrome: Causes, Symptoms, Prevention, and Treatments

  https://www.webmd.com/digestive-disorders/dumping-syndrome-causes-foods-treatments

  Dumping syndrome is a cluster of symptoms you may have when your stomach moves food into your small intestine faster than it should. This causes symptoms such as nausea, belly cramps, bloating, and diarrhea. […] The good news is that the symptoms usually go away with time. […] Symptoms of early-phase dumping syndrome usually happen about 10-30 minutes after you finish eating and may include: A feeling of fullness or bloating, even after eating just a small amount, Belly cramping or pain, Nausea or vomiting, Diarrhea, Flushing or light-headedness, A fast heartbeat. […] Symptoms of late-phase dumping syndrome usually happen about 1-3 hours after a meal, especially if you ate a lot of carbohydrates, and may include: Fatigue or weakness, Flushing, Cold sweats, Shakiness, dizziness, Loss of concentration or mental confusion (brain fog), Feelings of hunger, A rapid heartbeat.

• #6 What is dumping, and why am I experiencing it? – Obesity Action Coalition

  https://www.obesityaction.org/resources/what-is-dumping-and-why-am-i-experiencing-it/

  Dumping syndrome is a group of symptoms caused by rapid passage of undigested food into the small intestine. […] Early dumping occurs a few minutes to 45 minutes after eating. Symptoms of early dumping are: Weakness and fainting, Sweating, Irregular and rapid heartbeat, Low blood pressure, Flushing of the skin, Dizziness, Shortness of breath, Vomiting, Diarrhea and cramps. […] Late dumping occurs two to three hours after eating. It is caused by excess insulin produced in response to rapid entry of food and fluids into the small intestine. The high insulin levels lower low blood glucose level and cause symptoms including: Perspiration, Hunger, Shakiness, Anxiety, Difficulty to concentrate, Exhaustion, Faintness. […] Dumping syndrome is a common post-surgical complication after gastric surgery. The symptoms of dumping may cause considerable morbidity. Normally most patients have a spontaneous recovery as the digestive system adapts after surgery. Early dumping syndrome usually occurs for three to four months after surgery. Late dumping syndrome can occur for an entire year, but may persist for many years.

• #7 Dumping Syndrome: Background, Pathophysiology, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/173594-overview

  Late dumping occurs 1-3 hours after a meal. The pathogenesis is thought to be related to the early development of hyperinsulinemic (reactive) hypoglycemia. Rapid delivery of a meal to the small intestine results in an initial high concentration of carbohydrates in the proximal small bowel and rapid absorption of glucose. This is countered by a hyperinsulinemic response. The high insulin levels stay for longer period and are responsible for the subsequent hypoglycemia.

• #7 Dumping Syndrome: Background, Pathophysiology, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/173594-overview

  Dumping syndrome is the effect of altered gastric reservoir function, abnormal postoperative gastric motor function, and/or pyloric emptying mechanism. Clinically significant dumping syndrome occurs in approximately 10% of patients after any type of gastric surgery and in up to 50% of patients after laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass. Dumping syndrome has characteristic alimentary and systemic manifestations. It is a frequent complication observed after a variety of gastric surgical procedures, such as vagotomy, pyloroplasty, gastrojejunostomy, and laparoscopic Nissan fundoplication. Dumping syndrome can be separated into early and late forms, depending on the occurrence of symptoms in relation to the time elapsed after a meal. […] Symptoms of early dumping syndrome occur 30-60 minutes after a meal. Symptoms are believed to result from accelerated gastric emptying of hyperosmolar contents into the small bowel. This leads to fluid shifts from the intravascular compartment into the bowel lumen, resulting in rapid small bowel distention and an increase in the frequency of bowel contractions.

• #8 Dumping syndrome – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dumping_syndrome

  Late dumping syndrome occurs 2 to 3 hours after a meal. It results from excessive movement of sugar into the intestine, which raises the body’s blood glucose level and causes the pancreas to increase its release of the hormone insulin. The increased release of insulin causes a rapid drop in blood glucose levels, a condition known as alimentary hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar. […] The symptoms of early and late dumping syndrome are different and vary from person to person. Early dumping syndrome symptoms may include: nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain and cramping, diarrhea, feeling uncomfortably full or bloated after a meal, sweating, weakness, dizziness, flushing, or blushing of the face or skin, rapid or irregular heartbeat. […] The symptoms of late dumping syndrome may include: hypoglycemia, flushing. […] About 75 percent of people with dumping syndrome report symptoms of early dumping syndrome and about 25 percent report symptoms of late dumping syndrome. Some people have symptoms of both types of dumping syndrome.

• #9 Dumping Syndrome: Symptoms, Causes, Complications, Treatment

  https://www.healthline.com/health/dumping-syndrome

  Dumping syndrome is when food moves too quickly from your stomach into the first part of your small intestine (duodenum). This causes symptoms like cramps, diarrhea, dizziness, confusion, or fatigue. […] Early symptoms of dumping syndrome include nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramping, and diarrhea. These symptoms usually start 10 to 30 minutes after you eat. […] Late symptoms appear 1 to 3 hours after you eat. Theyre caused by low blood sugar and can include: dizziness, weakness, sweating, hunger, fast heart rate, fatigue, confusion, shaking. […] You might have both early and late symptoms.

• #10 Symptoms & Causes of Dumping Syndrome – NIDDK

  https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/dumping-syndrome/symptoms-causes

  The symptoms of early and late dumping syndrome are different. Symptoms may vary from person to person. […] Symptoms of early dumping syndrome occur within 30 minutes after you eat a meal. You may have digestive symptoms, such as diarrhea, feeling uncomfortably full or bloated, nausea, pain and cramping in your abdomen, stomach growling or rumbling sounds. […] Other symptoms of early dumping syndrome may include feeling light-headed or fainting, feeling tired or needing to lie down, flushing, or reddening of your face, neck, or upper chest, having a fast or irregular heartbeat, headache, sweating. […] Symptoms of late dumping syndrome occur 1 to 3 hours after you eat a meal. The symptoms of late dumping syndrome are caused by low blood glucose, also called low blood sugar or hypoglycemia. Symptoms of late dumping syndrome may include feeling light-headed or fainting, feeling shaky or jittery, feeling tired, having a fast or irregular heartbeat, trouble concentrating, sweating, weakness.

• #11 Dumping syndrome | Canadian Cancer Society

  https://cancer.ca/en/treatments/side-effects/dumping-syndrome

  Dumping syndrome is a group of symptoms that develops when undigested food moves too fast (or is „dumped”) from the stomach into the small intestine. It may also be called rapid gastric emptying. […] Symptoms of dumping syndrome can vary depending on what you eat. For example, dumping syndrome may be worse after you eat foods that are high in carbohydrates or sugar. […] Symptoms also vary if they develop soon after you eat or later. Early dumping syndrome occurs 15 to 60 minutes after you eat. Late dumping syndrome occurs 1 to 3 hours after you eat. […] With early dumping syndrome, the stomach releases undigested food into the duodenum very quickly. The small intestine pulls in fluid from nearby tissues and blood vessels. This can lead to: bloating, abdominal cramping, diarrhea, sweating, dizziness, early satiety, which is feeling full after eating only a small amount of food, nausea and vomiting, flushed skin, palpitations, which means that your heart is beating very hard or fast or not beating regularly, headache, light-headedness, fainting, wanting to lie down.

• #12 What causes dumping syndrome? | Roswell Park Comprehensive Cancer Center – Buffalo, NY

  https://www.roswellpark.org/cancertalk/202403/what-causes-dumping-syndrome

  When food moves too quickly from the stomach into the small intestine, it can cause uncomfortable and sometimes painful symptoms of cramping, nausea, vomiting and more. […] Symptoms of early dumping may include: nausea, vomiting, belly cramping, diarrhea, dizziness, fast heartbeat, flushing (your face, neck or upper chest feels hot and skin may also look red), sweating, headache. […] Early dumping syndrome usually gets better on its own within three months. Symptoms of late dumping syndrome usually occur several hours after eating. These symptoms can include: sweating, fast heartbeat, weakness, hunger.

• #13 Dumping Syndrome Clinical Presentation: History, Physical Examination

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/173594-clinical

  Early dumping systemic symptoms are as follows: Desire to lie down, Palpitations, Fatigue, Faintness, Syncope, Diaphoresis, Headache, Flushing. […] Early dumping abdominal symptoms are as follows: Epigastric fullness, Diarrhea, Nausea, Abdominal cramps, Borborygmi. […] Late dumping symptoms are as follows: Perspiration, Shakiness, Difficulty to concentrate, Decreased consciousness, Hunger.

• #13 Dumping Syndrome Clinical Presentation: History, Physical Examination

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/173594-clinical

  The clinical presentation of dumping syndrome can be divided into GI symptoms and vasomotor symptoms. GI symptoms include early satiety, crampy abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and explosive diarrhea. Vasomotor symptoms include diaphoresis, flushing, dizziness, palpitations, and an intense desire to lie down. […] Most patients with early dumping have both GI and vasomotor symptoms, while patients with late dumping have mostly vasomotor symptoms. Patients with severe dumping often limit their food intake to avoid symptoms. This leads to weight loss and, over time, malnutrition. […] Early dumping syndrome generally occurs within 15 minutes of ingesting a meal and is attributable to the rapid transit of food into the small intestine, whereas late dumping syndrome occurs later and may be attributed to hypoglycemia with tremors, cold sweats, difficulty in concentrating, and loss of consciousness.

• #14 Content – Health Encyclopedia – University of Rochester Medical Center

  https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content?ContentTypeID=134&ContentID=107

  Dumping syndrome after gastric bypass surgery is when food gets dumped directly from your stomach pouch into your small intestine without being digested. There are two types of dumping syndrome: early and late. Early dumping happens 10 to 30 minutes after a meal. Late dumping happens 1 to 3 hours after eating. Each has slightly different symptoms. […] Most people have early dumping symptoms. Typical early dumping symptoms can include: Bloating, Sweating, Abdominal cramps and pain, Nausea, Facial flushing, Stomach growling or rumbling, An urge to lie down after the meal, Heart palpitations and fast heartbeat, Dizziness or fainting, Diarrhea, Feeling full after eating only a small amount of food. […] About 1 in 4 people have late dumping symptoms, which occur 1 to 3 hours after a meal. The symptoms of late dumping syndrome can include: Heart palpitations, Sweating, Hunger, Confusion, Fatigue, Aggression, Tremors, Fainting.

• #14 Content – Health Encyclopedia – University of Rochester Medical Center

  https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content?ContentTypeID=134&ContentID=107

  The symptoms of dumping syndrome can be so distressing that some people severely limit the amount and type of food they eat. This can cause more problems and can even lead to malnutrition. Because of how serious dumping syndrome can become, it’s important to talk with your healthcare provider when you first have symptoms.

• #15 Dumping syndrome | UM Health-Sparrow

  https://www.uofmhealthsparrow.org/departments-conditions/conditions/dumping-syndrome

  Most people with dumping syndrome develop signs and symptoms, such as abdominal cramps and diarrhea, 10 to 30 minutes after eating. Other people have symptoms 1 to 3 hours after eating. And still others have both early and late symptoms. […] Signs and symptoms of dumping syndrome generally occur within minutes after eating, especially after a meal rich in table sugar (sucrose) or fruit sugar (fructose). They include: Feeling bloated or too full after eating, Nausea, Vomiting, Abdominal cramps, Diarrhea, Flushing, Dizziness, lightheadedness, Rapid heart rate. […] Late dumping syndrome starts 1 to 3 hours after you eat a high-sugar meal. It takes time for signs and symptoms to develop because after you eat your body releases large amounts of insulin to absorb the sugars entering your small intestine. The result is low blood sugar. […] Signs and symptoms of late dumping syndrome can include: Sweating, Flushing, Dizziness, lightheadedness, Weakness, Rapid heart rate. […] Some people have both early and late signs and symptoms. And dumping syndrome can develop years after surgery.

• #16 Dumping Syndrome | CEG

  https://www.dovepress.com/dumping-syndrome-pragmatic-treatment-options-and-experimental-approach-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-CEG

  Dumping syndrome is a common complication after esophageal, gastric and bariatric surgery and has a significant negative impact on the quality of life of patients. Dumping syndrome consists of early and late dumping symptoms and can be diagnosed using clinical parameters with the help of the Sigstads score, questionnaires or by provocative testing. Early dumping occurs in the first hour after meal ingestion and late dumping occurs one to three hours postprandially. Early dumping symptoms are divided into abdominal and systemic symptoms. Abdominal symptoms consist of borborygmi, fullness, abdominal distension, pain, nausea and diarrhea. Systemic (vasomotor) symptoms consist of palpitations, desire to lie or sit down, feeling of warmth, sweating, flushing, dizziness, fatigue and exhaustion. Symptoms of late dumping syndrome are primarily the manifestations of reactive (neuro)hypoglycemia, as indicated by fatigue, weakness, confusion, hunger, syncope, and loss of consciousness, and autonomic and/or adrenergic reactivity, as indicated by perspiration, palpitations, tremors and irritability. The severity of complaints may vary from mild to severe. Dumping symptoms are often debilitating and emotionally distressing, and are associated with a substantial reduction in quality of life and subsequently may lead to considerable weight loss as a result of the patient avoiding food intake.

• #17 Dumping Syndrome: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/what-to-do-for-dumping-syndrome-1945209

  Dumping syndrome, also known as rapid gastric emptying, is a condition in which you experience gastrointestinal or vasomotor symptoms because the food that you eat moves too quickly from your stomach into your small intestine. Symptoms begin when you eat a meal, particularly from a menu with a high glucose (sugar) content. […] Estimates of the number of people who experience dumping syndrome following gastric surgery range from 20% to 50%. Only 1% to 5% of patients experience more severe symptoms. The type of surgery you have also influences your risk of developing dumping syndrome. […] In general, the symptoms of dumping syndrome tend to improve over time. Approximately three-quarters of people who undergo gastric bypass will experience symptoms immediately following the procedure, but most people find that their symptoms disappear over the next 15 to 18 months.

• #18 Dumping syndrome – Diagnosis & treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/dumping-syndrome/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20371922

  Your doctor can often diagnose dumping syndrome by taking a medical history, particularly if you’ve had stomach surgery, and evaluating your signs and symptoms. […] Early dumping syndrome is likely to resolve on its own within three months. In the meantime, there’s a good chance that dietary changes will ease your symptoms. […] If changes to your diet don’t improve symptoms, your health care provider may prescribe octreotide (Sandostatin). […] If conservative approaches don’t help, surgery may be recommended. […] You may get cramps, diarrhea or nausea if you eat too much at once. […] The natural sugar in dairy products (lactose) might worsen your symptoms. […] Some people use supplements such as pectin and guar gum to thicken the digestive contents and slow its progress through the intestines.

• #19 Dumping syndrome: Symptoms, causes, and phases

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/320479

  Symptoms of dumping syndrome include cramps, diarrhea, and nausea after eating, particularly after eating high-sugar foods. […] Symptoms of early dumping syndrome may include bloating, diarrhea, nausea, and stomach pain. […] Symptoms are quick to come on after eating, especially if the meal was high in sugar. People with early dumping syndrome may experience: diarrhea, dizziness, feeling bloated, increased heart rate, nausea, skin flushing, stomach pain and cramping, vomiting. […] Occurring within 3 hours of meals, late dumping syndrome can cause low blood sugar, which may lead to the following symptoms: dizziness, fatigue, hunger, increased heart rate, skin flushing, sweating, weakness. […] Some people may experience symptoms of both early and late dumping syndrome. […] Many people with early dumping syndrome recover within a few months, especially if they make changes to their lifestyle and dietary habits.

• #20 International consensus on the diagnosis and management of dumping syndrome | Nature Reviews Endocrinology

  https://www.nature.com/articles/s41574-020-0357-5

  Dumping syndrome is a common but underdiagnosed complication of gastric and oesophageal surgery. […] Symptoms of dumping syndrome are often debilitating and emotionally distressing, they are associated with a substantial reduction in quality of life and might lead to considerable weight loss as a result of the patient avoiding food intake. […] Dumping syndrome comprises a constellation of symptoms that can be subdivided into early and late dumping syndrome symptoms, which can occur jointly or separately. […] Typically, symptoms of early dumping syndrome occur within the first hour after a meal and include gastrointestinal symptoms (abdominal pain, bloating, borborygmi, nausea and diarrhoea) and vasomotor symptoms (flushing, palpitations, perspiration, tachycardia, hypotension, fatigue, desire to lie down and, rarely, syncope).

• #20 International consensus on the diagnosis and management of dumping syndrome | Nature Reviews Endocrinology

  https://www.nature.com/articles/s41574-020-0357-5

  The literature is not clear on the relative prevalence of early dumping syndrome versus late dumping syndrome. […] The success of RYGB surgery is usually attributed to gastric volume reduction and calorie malabsorption secondary to the bypass of the small intestine, which leads to markedly changed eating behaviour and meal patterns. […] However, no trial has demonstrated that participants who have dumping syndrome symptoms lose more weight than those who do not have dumping syndrome.

• #21 Gastroparesis and Dumping Syndrome: Current Concepts and Management

  https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/8/8/1127

  Gastroparesis and dumping syndrome both evolve from a disturbed gastric emptying mechanism. While gastroparesis results from significantly delayed gastric emptying, dumping syndrome is a consequence of increased flux of food into the small bowel. The two entities share several important similarities: (i) gastroparesis and dumping syndrome are frequent, but also frequently overlooked; (ii) they affect patient’s quality of life considerably due to possibly debilitating symptoms; (iii) patients should be taken care of within a multidisciplinary team setting; and (iv) treatment should follow a step-up approach from dietary modifications and patient education to pharmacological interventions and, finally, surgical procedures and/or enteral feeding. The occurrence of cardinal symptoms after ingestion of a meal in a patient with high pre-test probability should rise suspicion for the presence of gastroparesis or dumping syndrome. The symptoms per se are rather non-specific and might occur with many other diseases. However, the existence of risk factors such as diabetes for gastroparesis or bariatric surgery for dumping makes the diagnoses more likely. Gastroparesis is a syndrome characterized by an objectively delayed gastric emptying in the absence of a mechanical gastric outlet obstruction and the presence of cardinal symptoms such as early satiety, postprandial fullness and nausea-vomiting. The most frequently reported symptoms are: early satiety, postprandial fullness, nausea-vomiting, bloating and upper abdominal pain. In early dumping syndrome, rapid transition of food into the small intestine results in a fluid shift (due to hyperosmolarity) and release of gastrointestinal hormones such as vasoactive substances and incretins. This results in gastrointestinal and vasomotor symptoms; the latter is characterized by hypotension and a consecutive sympathetic nerve system response. Symptoms of early and late dumping are quite different. Early dumping includes the following symptoms that occur within 1 h, typically 30 min after a meal ingestion: abdominal pain, bloating, borborygmi, nausea, diarrhea (gastrointestinal symptoms); and fatigue, desire to lie down, flushing, palpitations/perspiration, tachycardia, hypotension and rarely syncope (vasomotor symptoms). Dumping syndrome can result in significant weight loss (30%) and considerably affects quality of life.

• #22 Dumping Syndrome Causes + Natural Treatments – Dr. Axe

  https://draxe.com/health/dumping-syndrome/

  When your body releases large amounts of insulin in order to absorb the sugars that have entered the small intestine, your blood sugar levels drop. This drop causes the following symptoms of late dumping syndrome: weakness, sweating, dizziness, rapid or irregular heart rate, flushing, confusion, hunger, aggression, tremors. […] Dumping syndrome can also lead to emotional symptoms. These symptoms may include anxiety and apprehension about eating, as the consumption of food and fluids becomes difficult because of the discomfort that follows soon after. […] Dumping syndrome occurs when the motor functions of the stomach aren’t working properly and the release and transporting of foods and liquids is disturbed. Gastric surgery is the main cause of dumping syndrome. […] Symptoms like nausea, vomiting, abdominal cramping and pain, diarrhea, bloating, weakness, sweating, hunger and irregular heart rate can occur with dumping syndrome. […] With dietary changes, like avoiding simple carbohydrates and lactose foods, eating high-fiber and high-protein foods, sticking to smaller meals throughout the day, and waiting to drink liquids until at least 30 minutes after eating, people with dumping syndrome typically find comfort.

• #23 Dumping syndrome | Radiology Reference Article | Radiopaedia.org

  https://radiopaedia.org/articles/dumping-syndrome?lang=us

  Dumping syndrome is a common complication following gastric, bariatric or esophageal surgeries. […] Dumping syndrome occurs in approximately 12-40% of patients following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, and up to 50% of patients following esophagectomy. Most cases of dumping syndrome are the early dumping syndrome type. […] Early dumping syndrome: symptom onset 30-60 minutes after eating, typically after a carbohydrate-rich meal; gastrointestinal symptoms: epigastric distension, nausea, vomiting, explosive diarrhea, cramping abdominal pain; vasomotor symptoms: flushing, dizziness, tachycardia and palpitations, hypotension. […] Postprandial hyperinsulinemic hypoglycemia (late dumping syndrome): symptom onset 1-3 hours after eating, typically after a carbohydrate-rich meal; hypoglycemic symptoms with Whipple triad.

• #24 What Is Dumping Syndrome?

  https://www.uspharmacist.com/article/what-is-dumping-syndrome

  Dumping syndrome (DS) occurs when the stomach empties food into the small bowel at a faster rate than normal. […] Clinically significant dumping symptoms occur in about 20% of patients after pyloroplasty or distal gastrectomy. Patients younger than age 35 years or with a BMI 25 kg/m2 are more likely to be symptomatic than are older or more obese patients. Most people with DS develop abdominal cramps and diarrhea within 10 to 30 minutes after eating. Others experience such symptoms 1 to 3 hours after eating, and yet others experience both early and late symptoms. […] There are two clinical manifestations of DS: gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms that include early satiety, crampy abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, and explosive diarrhea; and vasomotor symptoms that include diaphoresis, flushing, dizziness, palpitations, and an intense desire to lie down.

• #24 What Is Dumping Syndrome?

  https://www.uspharmacist.com/article/what-is-dumping-syndrome

  Treating for DS includes changes in how and what patients eat, medications, and, in some cases, surgery. In many cases people have mild DS, and symptoms improve over time with simple changes in eating habits and diet. If changing eating habits and diet does not improve symptoms, patients may be prescribed medications, most commonly octreotide or acarbose. […] Patients with intractable dumping symptoms in whom dietary and medical therapy are unsuccessful may require reoperation. […] The type of surgery recommended depends on the type of surgery that led to the DS.

• #25

  https://step2.medbullets.com/gastrointestinal/120152/dumping-syndrome

  A 48-year-old woman presents to the clinic for complaints for flushing and diarrhea for the past 2 weeks. She reports that these symptoms often occur 15 minutes after a meal and usually resolves within hours. She endorses nausea and palpitations during these episodes but denies weight changes, fever, abdominal pain, or diarrhea. Her past medical history is significant for a gastric bypass surgery 3 months ago for weight reduction. […] Symptoms usually occurs about 15-30 minutes after a meal. Nausea. Vomiting. Cramps. Diarrhea. Diaphoresis. Palpitations. Flushing. Abdominal pain. Light-headedness. […] Physical exam: hypotension. Confusion secondary to hypoglycemia. […] Diagnosis is based on clinical symptoms in the setting of gastric surgery. […] First-line treatment: dietary modification, frequent small meals that are high in fiber and protein and low in carbohydrates, separation of liquid from solid during meals, avoid foods that aggravate the problem. […] Complications: Electrolyte imbalance. Malnutrition.

• #26 How To Manage Dumping Syndrome After Gastric Bypass Surgery

  https://surgicalweightcontrolcenter.com/blog/managing-dumping-syndrome-after-gastric-bypass-surgery/

  Coping with dumping syndrome can be challenging. Emotional support plays a critical role in managing the condition. Joining support groups can also be beneficial. They provide a safe space to share feelings and receive encouragement. Living with dumping syndrome requires adaptability. With the right strategies, its impact can be minimized.

• #27 Dumping syndrome | Beacon Health System

  https://www.beaconhealthsystem.org/library/diseases-and-conditions/dumping-syndrome?content_id=CON-20371900

  Signs and symptoms of late dumping syndrome can include: Sweating, Flushing, Dizziness, lightheadedness, Weakness, Rapid heart rate. […] Some people have both early and late signs and symptoms. And dumping syndrome can develop years after surgery. […] Early dumping syndrome is likely to resolve on its own within three months. In the meantime, there’s a good chance that dietary changes will ease your symptoms. If not, your health care provider may recommend medications or surgery.

• #28 Dumping syndrome – Guts UK

  https://gutscharity.org.uk/advice-and-information/conditions/dumping-syndrome/

  Dumping syndrome describes a range of symptoms that occur when food is emptied too quickly from the stomach into the small intestine, filling it with undigested food that is not adequately prepared to allow efficient absorption. […] These are often divided into “early” (occurring during or right after a meal) or “late” (occurring one to three hours after eating) although people often have both types of symptoms. […] Early dumping syndrome symptoms: these include nausea, vomiting, palpitations, sweating, bloating, cramping, diarrhoea, dizziness and fatigue. […] Late dumping syndrome symptoms: these include hypoglycemia (low blood sugar), weakness, confusion, hunger, sweating and dizziness. […] Post-operative dumping tends to improve with time and management involves dietary modification, with medications being reserved for severe cases or cases which do not respond to dietary changes.

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