Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Daytime Sleepiness (Hypersomnia) Treatments

  https://www.webmd.com/sleep-disorders/hypersomnia-treatments

  Treatment for hypersomnia — excessive daytime sleepiness — depends on the cause of the sleep disorder. […] Your doctor can also prescribe various drugs to treat hypersomnia. These may include: Stimulants, such as methylphenidate (Ritalin) or modafinil (Provigil) […] Pitolisant (Wakix), Sodium oxybate (Xyrem, Xywav,) and solriamfetol (Sunosi) are used to treat excessive daytime sleepiness associated with narcolepsy […] Calcium, magnesium, potassium, and sodium oxybates (Xywav) are approved to treat idiopathic hypersomnia in adults.

• #2 Excessive Daytime Sleepiness | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2009/0301/p391.html

  Excessive daytime sleepiness is one of the most common sleep-related patient symptoms, and it affects an estimated 20 percent of the population. […] The evaluation and management of excessive daytime sleepiness is based on the identification and treatment of underlying conditions (particularly obstructive sleep apnea), and the appropriate use of activating medications. […] Treatment of OSA with CPAP therapy leads to a decline in daytime sleepiness and a lower risk for motor vehicle incidents. […] Modafinil (Provigil) improves symptoms of persistent sleepiness in patients with OSA who are already being treated with CPAP. It also improves daytime sleepiness in patients with shift work disorder. […] Addressing the underlying cause is the mainstay of treatment of excessive daytime sleepiness. In OSA the most dangerous and physiologically disruptive cause of excessive daytime sleepiness treatment with positive pressure devices (e.g., CPAP) during sleep improves symptoms of daytime sleepiness for most patients.

• #3 Excessive Daytime Sleepiness – Dr. Camilo Ruiz | Concierge Physician | Sleep Medicine

  https://medicinesleepfortlauderdale.com/excessive-daytime-sleepiness/

  Excessive daytime sleepiness affects 10% to 20% of the population in the United States, and evidence indicates that it is increasing. […] Excessive daytime sleepiness is something to be concerned about because your body may be trying to send signals that you arent getting enough rest or have a slumber disorder or another health problem. […] The treatment methods for narcolepsy include antidepressants and stimulants. […] The most effective treatment methods for depression include medications, cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), and exercise and diet changes. […] Calcium, magnesium, potassium, and sodium oxybates (Xywav) have been authorized by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat daytime sleepiness in adults. […] The treatment for excessive sleepiness is mostly dependent on the underlying cause. […] On the other hand, some general lifestyle adjustments may help individuals achieve a better nights slumber. […] Seek immediate help from sleep and internal medicine specialists in Fort Lauderdale when you experience excessive daytime sleepiness.

• #4 Primary Hypersomnia Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Pharmacologic Therapy, Physician Legal Responsibilities

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/291699-treatment

  Modafinil, armodafinil, methylphenidate, amphetamines, and sodium oxybate are effective treatments for excessive sleepiness associated with narcolepsy and, by extension, are also used for primary hypersomnias. […] Some limited evidence postulates that a CSF somnogen potentiates GABAA inhibitory effects and may increase excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS). […] The treatment of idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) remains challenging due to the limited number of FDA-approved medications specifically indicated for this condition. […] According to the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) clinical practice guideline for the treatment of central disorders of hypersomnolence, modafinil is considered a strong option for treating IH. […] Lower-evidence treatments, qualified as conditional, include clarithromycin, methylphenidate, pitolisant, and sodium oxybate.

• #5 Hypersomnia Treatment: Behavioral Interventions, CPAP, Medication and More

  https://www.therecoveryvillage.com/mental-health/hypersomnia/treatment/

  Treatment options for hypersomnia can include medication, therapy or a combination of both. If a co-occurring condition is present, both disorders should be addressed and treated at the same time. […] There are treatments for hypersomnia to help people achieve optimal levels of sleep at night and avoid struggles with daytime drowsiness. […] A combination of medication and behavioral interventions often result in the best outcomes. […] CPAP, or continuous positive airway pressure, is a treatment for obstructive sleep apnea where the air is continually released into a persons nostrils. […] Medications are generally the first-line treatment option for many of the hypersomnia disorders. […] There are three classes of hypersomnia medications used to treat the disorder, including non-stimulant wake-promoting medications, sodium oxybate, bupropion and stimulant medications.

• #6 Idiopathic hypersomnia – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hypersomnia/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20362338

  Idiopathic hypersomnia treatment can help ease symptoms. […] A common medicine prescribed is the stimulant modafinil (Provigil). This medicine can help you stay awake during the day. Possible side effects of modafinil are headaches, dry mouth, nausea, diarrhea, loss of appetite and weight loss. Armodafinil (Nuvigil) also can treat idiopathic hypersomnia. Possible side effects of this medicine are headache, dizziness, nausea, upper respiratory tract infections, drowsiness and swelling of the spaces inside the nose. […] Other medicines suggested by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine include: Sodium oxybate (Xyrem, Lumryz). Clarithromycin (Biaxin XL). Pitolisant (Wakix). Methylphenidate (Quillivant XR, Daytrana, others). […] More recently, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved a medicine with lower sodium called oxybate (Xywav) to treat idiopathic hypersomnia in adults. […] Some lifestyle habits may help your symptoms. These include following a regular nighttime sleep schedule, not drinking alcohol and not taking medicines that can affect your sleep.

• #7 Idiopathic Hypersomnia: Different Treatment Methods

  https://www.webmd.com/sleep-disorders/treat-idiopathic-hypersomnia

  Generally, these medicines fall into three categories: […] Stimulants. These wake-promoting drugs include derivatives of amphetamines, like dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine), methamphetamine (Desoxyn) and methylphenidate (Ritalin). They can be effective, but they also can have side effects that include dependence — getting „hooked” on them — and heart problems. […] Nonstimulant wake-promoting medications. These include armodafinil (Nuvigil) and modafinil (Provigil). These affect the brain chemical dopamine to make you more awake. […] Other nonstimulant, wake-promoting medicines include pitolisant (Wakix) and solriamfetol (Sunosi). […] Sodium oxybate. Under the brand names Xyrem and Xywav, this medication, taken at night, promotes deep sleep. It cuts down on daytime sleepiness for those with narcolepsy, and it can help people with IH.

• #8 The Assessment, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Excessive Sleepiness

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2880940/

  If sleepiness persists despite nonpharmacologic treatments, appropriate pharmacotherapy may be indicated. This includes modafinil for residual sleepiness in the setting of OSA treated with nCPAP, dopaminergic agents, benzodiazepines, and anticonvulsants for RLS/PLMD. […] Treatment of sleep deprivation due to poor sleep behaviors should begin with nonpharmacologic approaches to increase total sleep time. […] Pharmacologic options to treat excessive sleepiness include several different chemical classes of wake-promoting medications: 1) direct-acting sympathomimetics (e.g., phenylephrine); 2) indirect-acting sympathomimetics (e.g., methylphenidate, amphetamine); and 3) nonsympathomimetic stimulants (e.g., caffeine, modafinil). […] Modafinil is a novel somnolytic agent approved for the treatment of excessive sleepiness associated with narcolepsy, SWD, and OSA refractory to mechanical treatments such as nCPAP.

• #9 Idiopathic hypersomnia – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hypersomnia/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20362338

  Idiopathic hypersomnia treatment can help ease symptoms. […] A common medicine prescribed is the stimulant modafinil (Provigil). This medicine can help you stay awake during the day. Possible side effects of modafinil are headaches, dry mouth, nausea, diarrhea, loss of appetite and weight loss. Armodafinil (Nuvigil) also can treat idiopathic hypersomnia. Possible side effects of this medicine are headache, dizziness, nausea, upper respiratory tract infections, drowsiness and swelling of the spaces inside the nose. […] Other medicines suggested by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine include: Sodium oxybate (Xyrem, Lumryz). Clarithromycin (Biaxin XL). Pitolisant (Wakix). Methylphenidate (Quillivant XR, Daytrana, others). […] More recently, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved a medicine with lower sodium called oxybate (Xywav) to treat idiopathic hypersomnia in adults. […] Some lifestyle habits may help your symptoms. These include following a regular nighttime sleep schedule, not drinking alcohol and not taking medicines that can affect your sleep.

• #10 Narcolepsy and Hypersomnia | Narcolepsy Treatment

  https://sleepmedicineinstitute.in/narcolepsy-and-hypersomnia/

  Solriamfetol (Sunosi®) is used to improve wakefulness in adults with narcolepsy. […] Sodium oxybate (Xyrem®) – The only FDA-approved medication used to treat daytime sleepiness and cataplexy in patients with narcolepsy. […] These are the last alternative to treatment as they have side effects just like that of caffeine like agitation, nervousness, and palpitations. […] Two types of antidepressant medications are used to treat cataplexy, hallucinations, disrupted nighttime sleep, and sleep paralysis. […] It takes several weeks and/or several trials of different medications to find which one(s) work best for you and which dosage works best. […] However, medicines can offer a great deal of improvement in symptoms of narcolepsy but they are better managed with lifestyle changes which can be challenging but worth it.

• #11 Idiopathic Hypersomnia: Different Treatment Methods

  https://www.webmd.com/sleep-disorders/treat-idiopathic-hypersomnia

  Generally, these medicines fall into three categories: […] Stimulants. These wake-promoting drugs include derivatives of amphetamines, like dextroamphetamine (Dexedrine), methamphetamine (Desoxyn) and methylphenidate (Ritalin). They can be effective, but they also can have side effects that include dependence — getting „hooked” on them — and heart problems. […] Nonstimulant wake-promoting medications. These include armodafinil (Nuvigil) and modafinil (Provigil). These affect the brain chemical dopamine to make you more awake. […] Other nonstimulant, wake-promoting medicines include pitolisant (Wakix) and solriamfetol (Sunosi). […] Sodium oxybate. Under the brand names Xyrem and Xywav, this medication, taken at night, promotes deep sleep. It cuts down on daytime sleepiness for those with narcolepsy, and it can help people with IH.

• #12 Primary Hypersomnia Medication: CNS Depressants, Stimulants

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/291699-medication

  Methylphenidate is used for symptomatic management of primary hypersomnolence whenever the patient needs to be alert or engages in activities in which hypersomnolence may be hazardous. The drug blocks the reuptake mechanism of dopaminergic neurons. […] Amphetamines are noncatecholamine sympathomimetic amines that promote release of catecholamines from their storage sites in the presynaptic nerve terminals. Amphetamine 1:1 racemic mixture of dextroamphetamine and levoamphetamine (immediate release only) has an FDA indication for promoting wakefulness in narcolepsy.

• #13 Idiopathic hypersomnia – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hypersomnia/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20362338

  Idiopathic hypersomnia treatment can help ease symptoms. […] A common medicine prescribed is the stimulant modafinil (Provigil). This medicine can help you stay awake during the day. Possible side effects of modafinil are headaches, dry mouth, nausea, diarrhea, loss of appetite and weight loss. Armodafinil (Nuvigil) also can treat idiopathic hypersomnia. Possible side effects of this medicine are headache, dizziness, nausea, upper respiratory tract infections, drowsiness and swelling of the spaces inside the nose. […] Other medicines suggested by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine include: Sodium oxybate (Xyrem, Lumryz). Clarithromycin (Biaxin XL). Pitolisant (Wakix). Methylphenidate (Quillivant XR, Daytrana, others). […] More recently, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved a medicine with lower sodium called oxybate (Xywav) to treat idiopathic hypersomnia in adults. […] Some lifestyle habits may help your symptoms. These include following a regular nighttime sleep schedule, not drinking alcohol and not taking medicines that can affect your sleep.

• #14 Primary Hypersomnia Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Pharmacologic Therapy, Physician Legal Responsibilities

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/291699-treatment

  The FDA approved calcium/magnesium/potassium/sodium oxybates (Xywav) for adults with IH in August 2021. […] Daytime stimulant treatments for IH aim to maintain alertness during the day. […] Modafinil and methylphenidate (Ritalin) are the most commonly prescribed medications for IH. […] Modafinil and armodafinil have proved clinically useful in the treatment of narcolepsy and other causes of excessive daytime sleepiness, such as IH. […] Pitolisant is a wake-promoting agent that increases CNS histamine via blocking presynaptic H3 reuptake. […] Solriamfetol is a dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor also approved for the treatment of excessive daytime sleepiness associated with narcolepsy and obstructive sleep apnea.

• #15 Daytime Sleepiness (Hypersomnia) Treatments

  https://www.webmd.com/sleep-disorders/hypersomnia-treatments

  Treatment for hypersomnia — excessive daytime sleepiness — depends on the cause of the sleep disorder. […] Your doctor can also prescribe various drugs to treat hypersomnia. These may include: Stimulants, such as methylphenidate (Ritalin) or modafinil (Provigil) […] Pitolisant (Wakix), Sodium oxybate (Xyrem, Xywav,) and solriamfetol (Sunosi) are used to treat excessive daytime sleepiness associated with narcolepsy […] Calcium, magnesium, potassium, and sodium oxybates (Xywav) are approved to treat idiopathic hypersomnia in adults.

• #16 Primary Hypersomnia Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Pharmacologic Therapy, Physician Legal Responsibilities

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/291699-treatment

  The FDA approved calcium/magnesium/potassium/sodium oxybates (Xywav) for adults with IH in August 2021. […] Daytime stimulant treatments for IH aim to maintain alertness during the day. […] Modafinil and methylphenidate (Ritalin) are the most commonly prescribed medications for IH. […] Modafinil and armodafinil have proved clinically useful in the treatment of narcolepsy and other causes of excessive daytime sleepiness, such as IH. […] Pitolisant is a wake-promoting agent that increases CNS histamine via blocking presynaptic H3 reuptake. […] Solriamfetol is a dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor also approved for the treatment of excessive daytime sleepiness associated with narcolepsy and obstructive sleep apnea.

• #17 Updates in the Management of Excessive Daytime Sleepiness and Narcolepsy

  https://www.neurologylive.com/view/updates-management-excessive-daytime-sleepiness-narcolepsy

  Some of the newer medications for promoting wakefulness are safer in this regard, he said. For example, modafinil, armodafinil, solriamfetol, and pitolisant. […] Pitolisant and solriamfetol are 2 of the newer, more commonly used medications for EDS in patients with narcolepsy; each has different mechanisms of action. Pitolisant is a selective histamine H3 receptor antagonist/inverse agonist that works to increase the synthesis and release of histamine, acting as a wake-promoting neurotransmitter. […] Solriamfetol, designed to block dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake transporters, produces a wake-promoting effect that has a half-life of about 7 hours. It typically is administered once daily, and was approved in doses of 75 mg and 150 mg. […] The thing I find appealing about solriamfetol: It does seem to have pretty good potency, Scammell added. In the clinical trials, the amount of change you see in some of these measures of sleepiness is better than what you see with some of our other medications. When I see a patient whos got pretty solid sleepiness, Im often thinking of solriamfetol.

• #18 Idiopathic hypersomnia – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hypersomnia/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20362338

  Idiopathic hypersomnia treatment can help ease symptoms. […] A common medicine prescribed is the stimulant modafinil (Provigil). This medicine can help you stay awake during the day. Possible side effects of modafinil are headaches, dry mouth, nausea, diarrhea, loss of appetite and weight loss. Armodafinil (Nuvigil) also can treat idiopathic hypersomnia. Possible side effects of this medicine are headache, dizziness, nausea, upper respiratory tract infections, drowsiness and swelling of the spaces inside the nose. […] Other medicines suggested by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine include: Sodium oxybate (Xyrem, Lumryz). Clarithromycin (Biaxin XL). Pitolisant (Wakix). Methylphenidate (Quillivant XR, Daytrana, others). […] More recently, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved a medicine with lower sodium called oxybate (Xywav) to treat idiopathic hypersomnia in adults. […] Some lifestyle habits may help your symptoms. These include following a regular nighttime sleep schedule, not drinking alcohol and not taking medicines that can affect your sleep.

• #19 Daytime Sleepiness (Hypersomnia) Treatments

  https://www.webmd.com/sleep-disorders/hypersomnia-treatments

  Treatment for hypersomnia — excessive daytime sleepiness — depends on the cause of the sleep disorder. […] Your doctor can also prescribe various drugs to treat hypersomnia. These may include: Stimulants, such as methylphenidate (Ritalin) or modafinil (Provigil) […] Pitolisant (Wakix), Sodium oxybate (Xyrem, Xywav,) and solriamfetol (Sunosi) are used to treat excessive daytime sleepiness associated with narcolepsy […] Calcium, magnesium, potassium, and sodium oxybates (Xywav) are approved to treat idiopathic hypersomnia in adults.

• #20 List of 7 Idiopathic Hypersomnia Medications Compared

  https://www.drugs.com/condition/idiopathic-hypersomnia.html

  Idiopathic hypersomnia is a debilitating neurologic sleep disorder characterized by chronic excessive daytime sleepiness, making it difficult to stay awake and alert during the day. […] Treatments for idiopathic hypersomnia are aimed at easing symptoms. Xywav (calcium, magnesium, potassium, and sodium oxybates) is the first and only FDA-approved treatment for idiopathic hypersomnia. Off-label treatments include wakefulness-promoting agents (modafinil and armodafinil) and psychostimulants (amphetamines and methylphenidate).

• #21 First and Only Medicine Indicated to Treat Idiopathic Hypersomnia

  https://www.psychiatrictimes.com/view/first-and-only-medicine-indicated-to-treat-idiopathic-hypersomnia

  This hypersomnia treatment just received an extended approval for cataplexy and excessive daytime sleepiness. […] The US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has expanded the approval for Jazz Pharmaceuticals Xywav to include treatment of idiopathic hypersomnia in adults. […] According to the CEO of Jazz Pharmaceuticals, Bruce Cozadd, Xywav is „the first and only medicine indicated to treat idiopathic hypersomnia.” […] This decision is based on a randomized phase III study that showed Xywav led to „statistically significant and clinically meaningful differences” compared to placebo on the primary endpoint of Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) score. […] „We have been working for nearly a decade to develop Xywav, a unique oxybate product with a significant reduction in sodium.

• #22 Idiopathic hypersomnia – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hypersomnia/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20362338

  Idiopathic hypersomnia treatment can help ease symptoms. […] A common medicine prescribed is the stimulant modafinil (Provigil). This medicine can help you stay awake during the day. Possible side effects of modafinil are headaches, dry mouth, nausea, diarrhea, loss of appetite and weight loss. Armodafinil (Nuvigil) also can treat idiopathic hypersomnia. Possible side effects of this medicine are headache, dizziness, nausea, upper respiratory tract infections, drowsiness and swelling of the spaces inside the nose. […] Other medicines suggested by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine include: Sodium oxybate (Xyrem, Lumryz). Clarithromycin (Biaxin XL). Pitolisant (Wakix). Methylphenidate (Quillivant XR, Daytrana, others). […] More recently, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved a medicine with lower sodium called oxybate (Xywav) to treat idiopathic hypersomnia in adults. […] Some lifestyle habits may help your symptoms. These include following a regular nighttime sleep schedule, not drinking alcohol and not taking medicines that can affect your sleep.

• #23 Idiopathic Hypersomnia Treatment Options

  https://www.healthline.com/health/treatment-idiopathic-hypersomnia

  Theres currently no cure for idiopathic hypersomnia, but certain medications and lifestyle changes can help you manage symptoms like excessive sleepiness. […] Different types of medications are available to treat IH. Most of these medications are typically used as general treatments for sleep disorders and may not always work as well in people with IH. However, IH-specific treatment options are also now available. […] In most cases, modafinil (Provigil) is recommended as the first choice of medication for people with IH. In clinical trials, the use of modafinil has been shown to reduce sleepiness and improve wakefulness. […] Clarithromycin (Biaxin) is an antibiotic that, like modafinil, can affect chemical signals in the brain that regulate sleep. Research suggests that in some people with sleep disorders, clarithromycin can help improve daytime sleepiness.

• #24 Hypersomnia: Causes, Symptoms, and More

  https://www.healthline.com/health/hypersomnia

  Hypersomnia is when a person feels very sleepy during the day. This could be due to neurological factors or other medical conditions, such as sleep apnea, but sometimes there is no clear cause. […] Treatment will depend on the cause and type of hypersomnia. Options include: Stimulant drugs typically used for treating narcolepsy, such as: modafinil (Provigil), a drug to promote wakefulness; amphetamines, such as methylphenidate; pitolisant (Wakix), another stimulant drug; sodium oxybate (Xyrem), which prevents muscle weakness and sleepiness with narcolepsy; flumazenil (Romazicon), which reverses the effect of benzodiazepines. […] Lifestyle changes may help some people either manage their sleep or cope better with hypersomnia. Tips include: working on a regular sleep schedule, such as waking and sleeping at the same time each day; avoiding certain activities, such as eating or working in bed, to improve sleep quality; following a diet that is rich in whole foods may help maintain energy levels naturally; joining a support group.

• #25 An antidote for hypersomnia

  https://news.emory.edu/stories/2012/11/antidote_for_hypersomnia/index.html

  Patients with primary hypersomnia regularly sleep more than 70 hours per week and have difficulties awakening. […] Some members of this patient population appear to have a distinct, disabling sleep disorder called „primary hypersomnia,” which is separate from better-known conditions such as sleep apnea or narcolepsy. […] Conventional treatments such as stimulants bring little relief. […] In a clinical study with seven patients who remained sleepy despite above-ordinary sleep amounts and treatment with stimulants, Emory researchers showed that treatment with the drug flumazenil can restore alertness, although flumazenil’s effectiveness was not uniform for all seven. […] „Primary hypersomnias are disabling and poorly understood. This study represents a breakthrough in determining a cause for these disorders and devising a rational approach to therapy.”

• #26 Hypersomnolence: Symptoms, causes, diagnosis, and treatment

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/318677

  Hypersomnolence, or excessive daytime sleepiness, can occur even after a person has 7 hours or more of quality sleep. […] Left untreated, hypersomnolence can impact a persons quality of life. […] Stimulants are most commonly prescribed to treat hypersomnolence. Examples of these medications include: amphetamine, methylphenidate, modafinil. […] Additional drugs used to treat hypersomnolence include clonidine, levodopa, bromocriptine, antidepressants, and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs). […] In addition to medications, a doctor may recommend making changes to a persons sleep hygiene to help them get a good nights sleep. […] With lifestyle changes and medications, doctors consider hypersomnolence to be a very treatable sleep disorder. […] A person may also benefit from counseling and cognitive-behavioral therapies to change their sleep habits and learn how to reduce stress when possible.

• #27 Idiopathic Hypersomnia: Different Treatment Methods

  https://www.webmd.com/sleep-disorders/treat-idiopathic-hypersomnia

  In addition, your doctor may prescribe medicines used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), antidepressants, and sedatives. […] Changing your routine to promote better, more restful sleep at night (and more wakefulness during the day) is often a first step in the treatment of IH. […] Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) teaches people how to lessen their negative reactions to the problems they’re dealing with. That helps them cope with the daily pressures of dealing with disorders like IH. […] It’s important to point out that treatment for IH is not one or the other, drugs or not. Your health care team may combine drug and non-drug treatments — for example, a change in diet with a prescription. […] Getting educated about IH — and educating those around you who are impacted by it — is always an important part of treatment as well.

• #28 Medicines for idiopathic hypersomnia and narcolepsy – and avoiding interactions with hormone medicines, such as birth control, hormone replacement therapy, and gender-affirming therapy – Hypersomnia Foundation

  https://www.hypersomniafoundation.org/treatment/

  You may need to try different hypersomnia medicines and doses to find the treatment that works best for you. […] Some medicines may not work well for you. […] You may need to use more than one medicine at a time (a combination of medicines). […] A medicine may work well for a while, then stop working as well. This may mean you need to change your dose or medicine. […] You may need to take a new medicine for a few days or weeks before you know if it works for you. […] Some medicines work best when you take them at a specific time of day. […] Some medicines may have side effects, such as nausea, headaches, or raised blood pressure. […] You may have no side effects at all, but there’s usually no way to find out without trying the medicine yourself. […] If you’re taking a combination of medicines and need to make changes, it’s usually best to change just one medicine at a time.

• #29 Hypersomnia: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21591-hypersomnia

  Hypersomnia makes it hard or impossible for you to stay awake during the day. This can happen even if you get a full, healthy amount of sleep at night. Treatments include medications, tweaking your sleep habits and therapy. […] Your provider will suggest a combination of medications and tweaks to your sleep habits to help manage hypersomnia. You might need: […] Therapy for anxiety, stress or other mental health issues. Talking to a mental health professional can help you manage depression and other conditions that may cause hypersomnia. It can also help you process your feelings if you’re worried hypersomnia is affecting your relationships. […] Medications, changing your sleep habits and therapy can all help.

• #30 Primary Hypersomnia Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Pharmacologic Therapy, Physician Legal Responsibilities

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/291699-treatment

  Severe idiopathic hypersomnolence (IH) is a disabling problem that often leads to unemployment and responds poorly to medical treatment. […] Because the underlying cause of IH is unknown, treatment remains symptomatic in nature. […] Per the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) practice guidelines, successful treatment of hypersomnia of central origin requires an accurate diagnosis, individual tailoring of therapy to produce maximum possible return of function, and regular follow-up to monitor response to therapy. Evidence for nonpharmacological options is extremely limited and evidence for pharmacological interventions is marginal. […] Scheduled naps might be beneficial to combat sleepiness in these patients. […] Behavioral approaches and sleep hygiene techniques are recommended, although they have little overall positive impact on this disease.

• #31 Excessive sleepiness | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/sleep-hypersomnia

  Hypersomnia can be helped in many cases with lifestyle adjustments to improve sleep quality, so called good sleep hygiene. Suggestions include: Avoid cigarettes, alcohol and caffeinated drinks near bedtime. Follow a relaxation routine to prevent night-time anxiety. Exercise regularly and maintain a normal weight for your height. Eat a well-balanced diet to prevent nutritional deficiencies. If possible, change your environment to reduce disturbances for example, dont watch television in the bedroom. Be comfortable; make sure you dont overheat or feel too cold in bed. Have a regular sleeping routine so that your body knows it is time to sleep. Only go to bed when you feel sleepy. If necessary, take brief power naps during the day to help you stay alert and vigilant. Daytime napping is generally not recommended when improved sleep is possible, as it can reduce the drive to sleep at night. However, brief naps can be very valuable in occupational settings and on other occasions where concentration is required, such as preparation for driving or in regular breaks on a long trip.

• #32 Excessive Daytime Sleepiness – Diagnosis & Treatment | Conditions, Treatments & Specialty | Geisinger

  https://www.geisinger.org/patient-care/conditions-treatments-specialty/daytime-sleepiness

  Your doctor may suggest lifestyle changes to help you manage your EDS. These may include: Quitting smoking, Exercise, Change in diet, Losing weight, Changing sleep positions. […] In addition to practicing lifestyle changes, your doctor may prescribe medications to treat your sleep disorder. Medications for EDS can help you stay alert during the day, while others can help you sleep better at night.

• #33 Idiopathic hypersomnia – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hypersomnia/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20362338

  Idiopathic hypersomnia treatment can help ease symptoms. […] A common medicine prescribed is the stimulant modafinil (Provigil). This medicine can help you stay awake during the day. Possible side effects of modafinil are headaches, dry mouth, nausea, diarrhea, loss of appetite and weight loss. Armodafinil (Nuvigil) also can treat idiopathic hypersomnia. Possible side effects of this medicine are headache, dizziness, nausea, upper respiratory tract infections, drowsiness and swelling of the spaces inside the nose. […] Other medicines suggested by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine include: Sodium oxybate (Xyrem, Lumryz). Clarithromycin (Biaxin XL). Pitolisant (Wakix). Methylphenidate (Quillivant XR, Daytrana, others). […] More recently, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved a medicine with lower sodium called oxybate (Xywav) to treat idiopathic hypersomnia in adults. […] Some lifestyle habits may help your symptoms. These include following a regular nighttime sleep schedule, not drinking alcohol and not taking medicines that can affect your sleep.

• #34 Hypersomnia: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, and Management

  https://www.everydayhealth.com/sleep/excessive-daytime-sleepiness-facts/

  Keep a regular sleep schedule. Go to bed at the same time and wake up at the same time, ideally every night of the week. […] Don’t nap. Daytime naps decrease the amount of sleep you need the next night, causing sleep fragmentation and difficulty falling asleep at bedtime. […] Turn off the TV and other electronic devices before you get into bed. The bed is a place for rest, and a computer, cell phone, or laptop screen may overstimulate your brain and keep you awake. […] Avoid caffeinated drinks later in the day. Caffeine’s effects last for several hours, so skip beverages like coffee, tea, and soda after noon. […] Exercise regularly. Exercise promotes continuous sleep, but try to get your workout in earlier in the day. Avoid rigorous exercise before bedtime, as it stimulates the circulation of endorphins in your body, which may keep you awake. […] Maintain a quiet, comfortable bedroom. Set your bedroom thermostat at a comfortable temperature. If your pets keep you awake, keep them out of the bedroom. You should also maintain a peaceful sleeping environment by keeping your bedroom dark and having a comfortable mattress.

• #35 Hypersomnia: Causes, Symptoms, and 5 Effective Remedies To Prevent This Sleeping Disorder

  https://www.netmeds.com/health-library/post/hypersomnia-causes-symptoms-and-5-effective-remedies-to-prevent-this-sleeping-disorder?srsltid=AfmBOoqussclAnEJDz7zj4SLy6sEaigmCvRYN3ELaFA34wWdMU5jJQyW

  Engaging in regular workouts can help immensely to boost energy levels and enhance sleep quality. It is important to do at least 30 minutes of physical activity daily like walking, cycling yoga, gardening or strength exercise. […] Eating a wholesome and varied diet rich in fresh seasonal fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins can help sustain energy levels. […] Practising stress-relieving techniques like mindfulness, meditation, and deep breathing exercises helps to reduce stress and anxiety. It is important to augment mental health, which can improve sleep quality and reduce excessive daytime sleepiness. […] Hypersomnia can impact your daily activities, performance, and overall health. However, modifying lifestyle habits can help manage its effects. If symptoms persist, seek immediate medical advice to rule out the possibility of underlying health conditions. Natural remedies can help enhance your sleep quality, improve energy levels, and reduce daytime drowsiness effectively.

• #36 Hypersomnia: Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, and Management

  https://www.everydayhealth.com/sleep/excessive-daytime-sleepiness-facts/

  Keep a regular sleep schedule. Go to bed at the same time and wake up at the same time, ideally every night of the week. […] Don’t nap. Daytime naps decrease the amount of sleep you need the next night, causing sleep fragmentation and difficulty falling asleep at bedtime. […] Turn off the TV and other electronic devices before you get into bed. The bed is a place for rest, and a computer, cell phone, or laptop screen may overstimulate your brain and keep you awake. […] Avoid caffeinated drinks later in the day. Caffeine’s effects last for several hours, so skip beverages like coffee, tea, and soda after noon. […] Exercise regularly. Exercise promotes continuous sleep, but try to get your workout in earlier in the day. Avoid rigorous exercise before bedtime, as it stimulates the circulation of endorphins in your body, which may keep you awake. […] Maintain a quiet, comfortable bedroom. Set your bedroom thermostat at a comfortable temperature. If your pets keep you awake, keep them out of the bedroom. You should also maintain a peaceful sleeping environment by keeping your bedroom dark and having a comfortable mattress.

• #37 Hypersomnia – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypersomnia

  In general, patients with hypersomnia or excessive sleepiness should only go to bed to sleep or for sexual activity. […] All other activities, such as eating or watching television, should be done elsewhere. […] For those patients, it is also important to go to bed only when they feel tired, rather than trying to fall asleep for hours. […] In that case, they probably should get out of bed and read or watch television until they get sleepy.

• #38 Excessive sleepiness | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/sleep-hypersomnia

  Hypersomnia can be helped in many cases with lifestyle adjustments to improve sleep quality, so called good sleep hygiene. Suggestions include: Avoid cigarettes, alcohol and caffeinated drinks near bedtime. Follow a relaxation routine to prevent night-time anxiety. Exercise regularly and maintain a normal weight for your height. Eat a well-balanced diet to prevent nutritional deficiencies. If possible, change your environment to reduce disturbances for example, dont watch television in the bedroom. Be comfortable; make sure you dont overheat or feel too cold in bed. Have a regular sleeping routine so that your body knows it is time to sleep. Only go to bed when you feel sleepy. If necessary, take brief power naps during the day to help you stay alert and vigilant. Daytime napping is generally not recommended when improved sleep is possible, as it can reduce the drive to sleep at night. However, brief naps can be very valuable in occupational settings and on other occasions where concentration is required, such as preparation for driving or in regular breaks on a long trip.

• #39 Narcolepsy and Hypersomnia | Narcolepsy Treatment

  https://sleepmedicineinstitute.in/narcolepsy-and-hypersomnia/

  Following a regular sleep/wake schedule. […] Keep your sleep place cozy and comfy: Keep your bedroom quiet, dark, cool, and comfortable. […] Avoid alcohol and caffeine: For several hours before bedtime. […] Exercise at least 20 minutes per day. […] Take short naps (20 to 30 minutes) at times when you are feeling most sleepy, if possible.

• #40 Hypersomnia: Symptoms, causes and treatments | Live Science

  https://www.livescience.com/hypersomnia-symptoms-causes-treatments

  Excessive sleepiness could be a sign of a condition known as hypersomnia. […] Hypersomnia is a chronic condition characterized by episodes of excessive daytime sleepiness or prolonged nighttime sleep (over 11 hours), according to the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS). […] „If you are feeling fatigued during the day despite a good night’s sleep, or regularly napping during the day but still feeling tired, please speak to a medical professional.” […] The term hypersomnia is often used interchangeably with excessive daytime sleepiness, or hypersomnolence. […] Hypersomnia can be a symptom of many different medical conditions, and healthcare practitioners often classify the disorder as either primary or secondary, depending on the underlying cause. […] Treatment for hypersomnia depends on the cause of the disorder, according to the NINDS. For example, idiopathic hypersomnia may be treated with a drug called Xywav the only Food and Drug Administration-approved treatment, thought to work during sleep to help with symptoms during the day or stimulants like amphetamine, methylphenidate and modafinil. […] Treatment can also involve non-drug options. „For primary hypersomnias, short naps along with caffeine can help increase wakefulness,” Singh said. […] Patients with hypersomnia are often advised to modify their lifestyle in ways that minimize any disruptions to their sleep cycle.

• #41 Hypersomnia: Causes, Symptoms, and 5 Effective Remedies To Prevent This Sleeping Disorder

  https://www.netmeds.com/health-library/post/hypersomnia-causes-symptoms-and-5-effective-remedies-to-prevent-this-sleeping-disorder?srsltid=AfmBOoqussclAnEJDz7zj4SLy6sEaigmCvRYN3ELaFA34wWdMU5jJQyW

  Engaging in regular workouts can help immensely to boost energy levels and enhance sleep quality. It is important to do at least 30 minutes of physical activity daily like walking, cycling yoga, gardening or strength exercise. […] Eating a wholesome and varied diet rich in fresh seasonal fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins can help sustain energy levels. […] Practising stress-relieving techniques like mindfulness, meditation, and deep breathing exercises helps to reduce stress and anxiety. It is important to augment mental health, which can improve sleep quality and reduce excessive daytime sleepiness. […] Hypersomnia can impact your daily activities, performance, and overall health. However, modifying lifestyle habits can help manage its effects. If symptoms persist, seek immediate medical advice to rule out the possibility of underlying health conditions. Natural remedies can help enhance your sleep quality, improve energy levels, and reduce daytime drowsiness effectively.

• #42 Idiopathic Hypersomnia (IH): What It Is, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/idiopathic-hypersomnia

  Idiopathic hypersomnia is a sleep disorder where you feel unrested after sleeping through the night. You may feel disoriented, exhausted or unable to function during the daytime. Medications can help. […] A healthcare provider can help you manage the symptoms of this type of hypersomnia. […] There isn’t a cure for idiopathic hypersomnia, but treatment options are available to help you manage symptoms. […] Medications are usually successful at treating symptoms of idiopathic hypersomnia. […] Cognitive behavioral therapy for hypersomnia (CBT-H) is a form of psychotherapy specifically designed to help with idiopathic hypersomnia. This, alongside medications, may help improve overall sleep quality and daily functioning. […] Medications to treat idiopathic hypersomnia may include: Central nervous system stimulants like amphetamines, Non-amphetamine central nervous system stimulants, like modafinil, Central nervous system depressants like sodium oxybate (FDA-approved), GABA receptor antagonists like flumazenil.

• #43 CBT For Hypersomnias – Healthier Sleep Magazine

  https://healthiersleepmag.com/cbt-for-hypersomnias/

  Excessive and persistent sleepiness is a hallmark of a group of sleep disorders known as central disorders of hypersomnolence, which include narcolepsy and idiopathic hypersomnia (IH). […] Currently, there is no cure for either idiopathic hypersomnia or narcolepsy. While standard treatment often includes medication, other forms of treatment may also help. Researchers are studying the role cognitive behavior therapy may have in treating both narcolepsy and hypersomnia. […] CBT-H can teach individuals new ways to cope with symptoms, which may decrease associated issues, such as anxiety and depression. […] CBT-H is a form of psychotherapy that helps individuals with IH or narcolepsy gain a better understanding of how their thoughts and behaviors may play a role in symptom management. Cognitive behavior therapy is not meant to replace standard treatment for these two disorders. Instead, CBT-H is used in addition to medication to reduce the frequency and severity of symptoms.

• #44 CBT For Hypersomnias – Healthier Sleep Magazine

  https://healthiersleepmag.com/cbt-for-hypersomnias/

  The overall goal of CBT-H is to improve social functioning and phycological welling. For example, improving functioning at work, school, or relationships can have a positive effect on overall quality of life. […] The most recent study, which was funded by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine Foundation, involved 35 adults with either idiopathic hypersomnia or narcolepsy. […] Components of the sessions included learning techniques to regulate emotions, strategies to reduce symptoms, such as planned naps, and ways to build healthy habits. The study found participants reported a decrease in depression symptoms and an improvement in self-efficacy. […] In addition to the possible benefits of CBT, additional factors may be useful. Treating narcolepsy and hypersomnia often takes a comprehensive approach. A combination of medication, support, and healthy lifestyle habits may help manage the condition.

• #45 Hypersomnia Management | Latest Research & Treatment

  https://8hoursleepclinic.com/blog/advances-in-hypersomnia-management/

  Our specialists offer cognitive behavioral therapy for hypersomnia (CBT-IH) to help patients develop healthier sleep habits and manage the psychological effects of excessive sleepiness. […] We also provide light therapy, circadian rhythm realignment strategies, and nutritional guidance to optimize sleep quality naturally.

• #46 Hypersomnia: Causes, Symptoms, and 5 Effective Remedies To Prevent This Sleeping Disorder

  https://www.netmeds.com/health-library/post/hypersomnia-causes-symptoms-and-5-effective-remedies-to-prevent-this-sleeping-disorder?srsltid=AfmBOoqussclAnEJDz7zj4SLy6sEaigmCvRYN3ELaFA34wWdMU5jJQyW

  Engaging in regular workouts can help immensely to boost energy levels and enhance sleep quality. It is important to do at least 30 minutes of physical activity daily like walking, cycling yoga, gardening or strength exercise. […] Eating a wholesome and varied diet rich in fresh seasonal fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and lean proteins can help sustain energy levels. […] Practising stress-relieving techniques like mindfulness, meditation, and deep breathing exercises helps to reduce stress and anxiety. It is important to augment mental health, which can improve sleep quality and reduce excessive daytime sleepiness. […] Hypersomnia can impact your daily activities, performance, and overall health. However, modifying lifestyle habits can help manage its effects. If symptoms persist, seek immediate medical advice to rule out the possibility of underlying health conditions. Natural remedies can help enhance your sleep quality, improve energy levels, and reduce daytime drowsiness effectively.

• #47 Hypersomnia Management | Latest Research & Treatment

  https://8hoursleepclinic.com/blog/advances-in-hypersomnia-management/

  Alternative therapies, such as acupuncture, mindfulness meditation, and yoga, are gaining attention for their potential benefits in managing hypersomnia. […] The 8 Hour Sleep Center remains at the forefront of hypersomnia treatment, offering both traditional and innovative therapies to enhance wakefulness and improve quality of life. […] Our facility provides access to wakefulness-promoting medications such as modafinil and armodafinil, which help regulate sleep cycles and reduce excessive daytime drowsiness. […] Alongside medication management, we emphasize behavioral therapies, lifestyle modifications, and strategic napping techniques to create a holistic treatment plan that maximizes daily function and sleep efficiency. […] At 8 Hour Sleep Center, we believe in treating hypersomnia beyond medication by integrating holistic and lifestyle-based approaches that align with the latest research.

• #48 The Assessment, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Excessive Sleepiness

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2880940/

  Excessive sleepiness occurs frequently in the general population and is a common feature of many psychiatric conditions. […] It is essential to recognize and treat the underlying cause of this disorder. In cases where sleep disorders are suspected, a comprehensive treatment program might include nonpharmacologic approaches, pharmacologic approaches, or both may need to be initiated to encompass the complexity of sleep disorder treatments. […] The first step in treating excessive sleepiness is to determine its cause. For example, if the excessive sleepiness is due to OSA, nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) and weight loss may be the primary treatments. In contrast, treatment of RLS/PLMD may consist of improvements in sleep hygiene, use of iron supplements, and reduction in consumption of alcohol, caffeine, and tobacco products.

• #49 Excessive daytime sleepiness – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Excessive_daytime_sleepiness

  Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) relies on identifying and treating the underlying disorder which may cure the person from the EDS. Drugs like modafinil, armodafinil, pitolisant (Wakix), sodium oxybate (Xyrem) oral solution, have been approved as treatment for EDS symptoms in the United States. […] If EDS is caused by obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), it is recommended that people with OSA use continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy, that is a sleep breathing apparatus to prevent OSA, before starting intake of wake-promoting agents such as modafinil.

• #50 Excessive Daytime Sleepiness – Diagnosis & Treatment | Conditions, Treatments & Specialty | Geisinger

  https://www.geisinger.org/patient-care/conditions-treatments-specialty/daytime-sleepiness

  Get treatment for daytime sleepiness Find a sleep medicine specialist. If you have excessive daytime sleepiness, or EDS, our specialists help you find a diagnosis and treatment that works for you. If you suspect you may have EDS, our sleep specialists help identify the cause of your daytime sleepiness and develop a personalized treatment plan that gets you back to well-rested nights. Our sleep specialists understand the significant impact a sleep disorder can have on your life and will partner with you to create a personalized treatment plan. Daytime sleepiness treatment and sleep disorder treatment can include: […] Your doctor may recommend CPAP therapy to treat your excessive daytime sleepiness symptoms. Using a CPAP machine and a fitted sleep mask, pressurized air is sent through a tube into your nose while you sleep. This helps keep your airway open and improve breathing.

• #51 Excessive Daytime Sleepiness | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2009/0301/p391.html

  Excessive daytime sleepiness is one of the most common sleep-related patient symptoms, and it affects an estimated 20 percent of the population. […] The evaluation and management of excessive daytime sleepiness is based on the identification and treatment of underlying conditions (particularly obstructive sleep apnea), and the appropriate use of activating medications. […] Treatment of OSA with CPAP therapy leads to a decline in daytime sleepiness and a lower risk for motor vehicle incidents. […] Modafinil (Provigil) improves symptoms of persistent sleepiness in patients with OSA who are already being treated with CPAP. It also improves daytime sleepiness in patients with shift work disorder. […] Addressing the underlying cause is the mainstay of treatment of excessive daytime sleepiness. In OSA the most dangerous and physiologically disruptive cause of excessive daytime sleepiness treatment with positive pressure devices (e.g., CPAP) during sleep improves symptoms of daytime sleepiness for most patients.

• #52 The Assessment, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Excessive Sleepiness

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2880940/

  Excessive sleepiness occurs frequently in the general population and is a common feature of many psychiatric conditions. […] It is essential to recognize and treat the underlying cause of this disorder. In cases where sleep disorders are suspected, a comprehensive treatment program might include nonpharmacologic approaches, pharmacologic approaches, or both may need to be initiated to encompass the complexity of sleep disorder treatments. […] The first step in treating excessive sleepiness is to determine its cause. For example, if the excessive sleepiness is due to OSA, nasal continuous positive airway pressure (nCPAP) and weight loss may be the primary treatments. In contrast, treatment of RLS/PLMD may consist of improvements in sleep hygiene, use of iron supplements, and reduction in consumption of alcohol, caffeine, and tobacco products.

• #53 Hypersomnia: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21591-hypersomnia

  Hypersomnia makes it hard or impossible for you to stay awake during the day. This can happen even if you get a full, healthy amount of sleep at night. Treatments include medications, tweaking your sleep habits and therapy. […] Your provider will suggest a combination of medications and tweaks to your sleep habits to help manage hypersomnia. You might need: […] Therapy for anxiety, stress or other mental health issues. Talking to a mental health professional can help you manage depression and other conditions that may cause hypersomnia. It can also help you process your feelings if you’re worried hypersomnia is affecting your relationships. […] Medications, changing your sleep habits and therapy can all help.

• #54 Hypersomnia in Depression: Causes, Effects, and Solutions

  https://enticare.com/2024/12/09/hypersomnia-in-depression/

  Hypersomnia, also known as excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), refers to excessive sleep or an overwhelming need to sleep during the day. […] Identifying hypersomnia early is key to finding appropriate treatment. […] For those suffering from both hypersomnia and depression, treatment must address both issues simultaneously. Ignoring one condition may cause treatment to fail, so recognizing the relationship between the two is vital for recovery. […] CBT is one of the most effective treatments for both depression and hypersomnia. This therapeutic approach helps individuals recognize negative thought patterns and develop healthier coping mechanisms. […] Several medications can treat both hypersomnia and depression. Antidepressants can balance neurotransmitters, improving mood and sleep regulation. Additionally, wake-promoting agents, such as modafinil, are prescribed to counteract daytime sleepiness.

• #55 Excessive Daytime Sleepiness I Hypersomnia | IU Health

  https://iuhealth.org/find-medical-services/excessive-daytime-sleepiness

  Other conditions such as arthritis, heart failure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may be at the root of your sleep problems. If your sleep disorder is caused by another medical condition, such as diabetes, you will be referred to one of the IU Health network specialists to help you manage your condition.

• #56 Excessive Daytime Sleepiness – Sleep Care Online

  https://www.sleepcareonline.com/articles/daytime-sleepiness-explained/?srsltid=AfmBOooIEu1QSc8g8LCJRroqA84xefD73KfsQAh0sKP5kOB90lklPcs6

  Excessive daytime sleepiness, clinically known as hypersomnia, is a condition where people fall asleep repeatedly during the day. […] Hypersomnia becomes serious when it interferes with work or home responsibilities such as caring for children. […] Both types of sleep apnea can cause hypersomnia. […] If you are prescribed any of these medications, be sure to check with your doctor if you are experiencing daytime sleepiness. Changes in dosage or alternate medications may be the solution. […] Treatment is aimed at controlling symptoms with medication. […] The CPAP machine directs pressurized air through a hose and into a mask that the patient wears at night. […] If it is determined that medications may be causing daytime sleepiness your doctor may look into changing the dosage or reviewing alternative medications that you can use that may not have that side effect.

• #57

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/narcolepsy/treatment/

  There’s no specific cure for narcolepsy, but you can manage the symptoms and minimise their impact on your daily life. […] Making some simple changes to your sleeping habits can sometimes help. If your symptoms are more severe, you’ll usually need to take medicine. […] Things you can do to reduce excessive daytime sleepiness and make it easier to sleep at night include: […] Some medicines you buy from a pharmacy, such as cold and allergy medicines, can cause drowsiness as a side effect. […] You should avoid taking these types of medicines during the day if you have narcolepsy, as they may make your daytime drowsiness worse. […] A number of different medicines are used to treat the symptoms of narcolepsy, but they’re not all licensed for narcolepsy and the evidence for their effectiveness in treating the condition is not always strong.

• #58 Medicines for idiopathic hypersomnia and narcolepsy – and avoiding interactions with hormone medicines, such as birth control, hormone replacement therapy, and gender-affirming therapy – Hypersomnia Foundation

  https://www.hypersomniafoundation.org/treatment/

  You still may not feel fully alert, even if you’re taking the medicines that work best for you. A good goal is to try to be most alert at important times of the day, such as during work, school, or while driving. […] The Idiopathic Hypersomnia Severity Scale (IHSS) and Narcolepsy Severity Scale (NSS) are tools that you and your doctors can use to help measure how well a treatment is working to ease your symptoms. […] Getting support from other people with hypersomnias can help. […] Some hypersomnia medicines affect how well medicines with hormones work, including birth control. […] It’s usually safe to use these hypersomnia medicines with hormone medicines. To help ensure the hormone medicine still works well, you and your doctor may decide to: Change your hypersomnia medicine to one that doesn’t interact with hormone medicines.

• #59 Hypersomnia: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatments – Amerisleep

  https://amerisleep.com/blog/hypersomnia/

  Hypersomnia involves excessive sleepiness during the day, impairing alertness and overall functioning. It is not just fatigue but a neurological disorder characterized by prolonged sleep duration and difficulty waking up. […] Managing hypersomnia involves lifestyle adjustments, creating a conducive sleep environment, and addressing underlying health conditions. Oversleeping can indicate hypersomnia or other health issues, requiring a medical evaluation to determine the cause and appropriate treatment. […] For effective treatment, it is important to identify the specific cause as it directs the approach to managing the excessive sleepiness and associated symptoms. […] Primary hypersomnia is managed through lifestyle changes and stimulant medications. Secondary hypersomnia involves treating the root cause, like adjusting medications or using CPAP for sleep apnea.

• #60 Idiopathic Hypersomnia (IH): What It Is, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/idiopathic-hypersomnia

  Your provider may recommend medications to help you feel more awake during the daytime. You might need to try different medications or doses to find what works best for your needs. Your provider will schedule regular appointments to monitor how treatment affects you. […] A healthcare provider can help you manage symptoms to feel more awake. […] Luckily, you don’t have to live with these symptoms. A healthcare provider can help you figure out why you’re not getting the rest you need and offer treatment options to help you stay awake.

• #61 Medicines for idiopathic hypersomnia and narcolepsy – and avoiding interactions with hormone medicines, such as birth control, hormone replacement therapy, and gender-affirming therapy – Hypersomnia Foundation

  https://www.hypersomniafoundation.org/treatment/

  You may need to try different hypersomnia medicines and doses to find the treatment that works best for you. […] Some medicines may not work well for you. […] You may need to use more than one medicine at a time (a combination of medicines). […] A medicine may work well for a while, then stop working as well. This may mean you need to change your dose or medicine. […] You may need to take a new medicine for a few days or weeks before you know if it works for you. […] Some medicines work best when you take them at a specific time of day. […] Some medicines may have side effects, such as nausea, headaches, or raised blood pressure. […] You may have no side effects at all, but there’s usually no way to find out without trying the medicine yourself. […] If you’re taking a combination of medicines and need to make changes, it’s usually best to change just one medicine at a time.

• #62 Medicines for idiopathic hypersomnia and narcolepsy – and avoiding interactions with hormone medicines, such as birth control, hormone replacement therapy, and gender-affirming therapy – Hypersomnia Foundation

  https://www.hypersomniafoundation.org/treatment/

  You may need to try different hypersomnia medicines and doses to find the treatment that works best for you. […] Some medicines may not work well for you. […] You may need to use more than one medicine at a time (a combination of medicines). […] A medicine may work well for a while, then stop working as well. This may mean you need to change your dose or medicine. […] You may need to take a new medicine for a few days or weeks before you know if it works for you. […] Some medicines work best when you take them at a specific time of day. […] Some medicines may have side effects, such as nausea, headaches, or raised blood pressure. […] You may have no side effects at all, but there’s usually no way to find out without trying the medicine yourself. […] If you’re taking a combination of medicines and need to make changes, it’s usually best to change just one medicine at a time.

• #63 Medicines for idiopathic hypersomnia and narcolepsy – and avoiding interactions with hormone medicines, such as birth control, hormone replacement therapy, and gender-affirming therapy – Hypersomnia Foundation

  https://www.hypersomniafoundation.org/treatment/

  You still may not feel fully alert, even if you’re taking the medicines that work best for you. A good goal is to try to be most alert at important times of the day, such as during work, school, or while driving. […] The Idiopathic Hypersomnia Severity Scale (IHSS) and Narcolepsy Severity Scale (NSS) are tools that you and your doctors can use to help measure how well a treatment is working to ease your symptoms. […] Getting support from other people with hypersomnias can help. […] Some hypersomnia medicines affect how well medicines with hormones work, including birth control. […] It’s usually safe to use these hypersomnia medicines with hormone medicines. To help ensure the hormone medicine still works well, you and your doctor may decide to: Change your hypersomnia medicine to one that doesn’t interact with hormone medicines.

• #64 Idiopathic hypersomnia: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000803.htm

  Idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) is a sleep disorder in which a person is excessively sleepy (hypersomnia) during the day and has great difficulty being awakened from sleep. Idiopathic means there is not a clear cause. […] Your provider will likely prescribe stimulant medicines such as amphetamine, methylphenidate, or modafinil. These medicines may not work as well for this condition as they do for narcolepsy. […] Other medicines for idiopathic hypersomnia, which are also commonly used for narcolepsy, include sodium oxybate (or oxybate salts) and newer wake-promoting agents such as pitolisant and solriamfetol. […] Lifestyle changes that can help ease symptoms and prevent injury include: Avoid alcohol and medicines that can make the condition worse, Avoid operating motor vehicles or using dangerous equipment, Avoid working at night or social activities that delay your bedtime.

• #65 Excessive Daytime Sleepiness, Hypersomnia, and Narcolepsy – Together by St. Jude™

  https://together.stjude.org/en-us/treatment-tests-procedures/symptoms-side-effects/sleep-disorders/daytime-sleepiness-hypersomnia-narcolepsy.html

  In addition to healthy sleep habits and coping skills, treatment may include medication to increase attention and alertness during the day. […] A doctor may also prescribe a stimulant medicine such as modafinil (Provigil) or methylphenidate (Ritalin) to increase attention and alertness. Patients should take the medicine as prescribed and talk to their doctor or pharmacist before making any changes to the dose or timing of the medicine. […] Scheduled daytime naps and physical activity may help increase alertness during the day. Patients should not do activities that might be dangerous such as riding a bike, driving, cooking, or swimming if there are concerns about alertness. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) can help patients and families learn skills to improve sleep habits and cope with the effects of hypersomnia.

• #66 Excessive Daytime Sleepiness, Hypersomnia, and Narcolepsy – Together by St. Jude™

  https://together.stjude.org/en-us/treatment-tests-procedures/symptoms-side-effects/sleep-disorders/daytime-sleepiness-hypersomnia-narcolepsy.html

  A child or teen with hypersomnia may also need special accommodations at school. Families should work with schools to develop a 504 Plan. Examples of accommodations include scheduled naps at school, later start times, shortened school day, or extra time on homework or tests. […] A child or teen with narcolepsy may also need special accommodations at school. Families should work with schools to develop a 504 Plan. Examples of accommodations include scheduled naps at school, later start times, shortened school day, or extra time on homework or tests.

• #67

  https://www.sleepcountshcp.com/idiopathic-hypersomnia-treatment-options/

  Many patients still suffer from IH symptoms despite being treated. […] Patients with IH were still experiencing daily symptoms while on treatment (nearly two-thirds, 64.1%, still experienced EDS). […] More than one-third of these patients (35%) described poor or partial response. […] Based on 371 survey respondents who identified as having either narcolepsy or IH, 97.6% of respondents reported currently experiencing significant excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and the majority (83.3%) reported the use of medication to manage symptoms. […] While good sleep hygiene and behavior modification are conventional parts of IH management, pharmacological treatment may be needed for patients living with IH.

• #68

  https://www.sleepcountshcp.com/idiopathic-hypersomnia-treatment-options/

  Many patients still suffer from IH symptoms despite being treated. […] Patients with IH were still experiencing daily symptoms while on treatment (nearly two-thirds, 64.1%, still experienced EDS). […] More than one-third of these patients (35%) described poor or partial response. […] Based on 371 survey respondents who identified as having either narcolepsy or IH, 97.6% of respondents reported currently experiencing significant excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and the majority (83.3%) reported the use of medication to manage symptoms. […] While good sleep hygiene and behavior modification are conventional parts of IH management, pharmacological treatment may be needed for patients living with IH.

• #69

  https://www.sleepcountshcp.com/idiopathic-hypersomnia-treatment-options/

  Many patients still suffer from IH symptoms despite being treated. […] Patients with IH were still experiencing daily symptoms while on treatment (nearly two-thirds, 64.1%, still experienced EDS). […] More than one-third of these patients (35%) described poor or partial response. […] Based on 371 survey respondents who identified as having either narcolepsy or IH, 97.6% of respondents reported currently experiencing significant excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) and the majority (83.3%) reported the use of medication to manage symptoms. […] While good sleep hygiene and behavior modification are conventional parts of IH management, pharmacological treatment may be needed for patients living with IH.

• #70 Medicines for idiopathic hypersomnia and narcolepsy – and avoiding interactions with hormone medicines, such as birth control, hormone replacement therapy, and gender-affirming therapy – Hypersomnia Foundation

  https://www.hypersomniafoundation.org/treatment/

  You still may not feel fully alert, even if you’re taking the medicines that work best for you. A good goal is to try to be most alert at important times of the day, such as during work, school, or while driving. […] The Idiopathic Hypersomnia Severity Scale (IHSS) and Narcolepsy Severity Scale (NSS) are tools that you and your doctors can use to help measure how well a treatment is working to ease your symptoms. […] Getting support from other people with hypersomnias can help. […] Some hypersomnia medicines affect how well medicines with hormones work, including birth control. […] It’s usually safe to use these hypersomnia medicines with hormone medicines. To help ensure the hormone medicine still works well, you and your doctor may decide to: Change your hypersomnia medicine to one that doesn’t interact with hormone medicines.

• #71 The Future of Hypersomnia Treatment: New Developments and Emerging Therapies | Gwinnett Sleep

  https://gwinnettsleep.com/sleep-disorders/the-future-of-hypersomnia-treatment-new-developments-and-emerging-therapies/

  Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT): […] CBT is a form of psychological treatment that aims to identify and change negative thought patterns and sleep-related behaviors. Techniques such as stimulus control, sleep restriction, and relaxation training can help patients establish healthier sleep habits. However, CBT alone may not be adequate to treat all aspects of hypersomnia, especially where a physiological issue or another underlying medical condition causes the disorder. […] Emerging Therapies in Hypersomnia Treatment […] As our understanding of hypersomnia and its underlying mechanisms continues to evolve, researchers are delving into innovative treatment approaches to address this sleep disorder more effectively. Some of the most promising emerging therapies, which hold the potential to revolutionize the treatment of hypersomnia, are outlined below:

• #72 The Future of Hypersomnia Treatment: New Developments and Emerging Therapies | Gwinnett Sleep

  https://gwinnettsleep.com/sleep-disorders/the-future-of-hypersomnia-treatment-new-developments-and-emerging-therapies/

  Orexin Receptor Agonists: […] Orexin, a neuropeptide that plays a crucial role in regulating wakefulness, has been implicated in the pathophysiology of narcolepsy. Orexin receptor agonists, such as suvorexant, target these receptors and promote wakefulness. By directly addressing the neurotransmitter deficiency in disorders like narcolepsy, orexin receptor agonists could offer a more targeted and effective treatment option for hypersomnia patients. […] Immunotherapy: […] In cases where hypersomnia is linked to an autoimmune response, researchers are investigating the potential of immunotherapy to counteract the detrimental effects on the nervous system. Immunotherapy involves using the bodys immune system to fight off harmful substances, such as autoantibodies, that mistakenly attack healthy cells. By addressing the underlying autoimmune cause, this approach could lead to more successful long-term outcomes for hypersomnia patients rather than merely managing the symptoms.

• #73 The Future of Hypersomnia Treatment: New Developments and Emerging Therapies | Gwinnett Sleep

  https://gwinnettsleep.com/sleep-disorders/the-future-of-hypersomnia-treatment-new-developments-and-emerging-therapies/

  Deep Brain Stimulation (DBS): […] DBS is an innovative technique that involves implanting electrodes into specific brain regions to modulate neural activity. It has shown promise in treating a range of neurological and psychiatric disorders, such as Parkinsons disease, epilepsy, and depression. As research progresses, DBS could emerge as a potential treatment option for hypersomnia by targeting the brain areas responsible for regulating sleep-wake cycles and promoting wakefulness. […] Personalized Medicine: […] The growing understanding of the genetic and molecular factors contributing to hypersomnia is paving the way for personalized medicine. By analyzing an individuals unique genetic makeup, researchers may be able to develop targeted therapies tailored to each patients specific needs. This precision medicine approach could lead to more effective and targeted treatments, minimizing side effects and maximizing outcomes for hypersomnia patients. […] The future of hypersomnia treatment is filled with possibilities. As we continue to expand our understanding of the disorder and its underlying mechanisms, we can expect the development of new, targeted therapies that will significantly improve the lives of those affected by hypersomnia.

• #74 Idiopathic Hypersomnia: Different Treatment Methods

  https://www.webmd.com/sleep-disorders/treat-idiopathic-hypersomnia

  In addition, your doctor may prescribe medicines used to treat attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), antidepressants, and sedatives. […] Changing your routine to promote better, more restful sleep at night (and more wakefulness during the day) is often a first step in the treatment of IH. […] Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) teaches people how to lessen their negative reactions to the problems they’re dealing with. That helps them cope with the daily pressures of dealing with disorders like IH. […] It’s important to point out that treatment for IH is not one or the other, drugs or not. Your health care team may combine drug and non-drug treatments — for example, a change in diet with a prescription. […] Getting educated about IH — and educating those around you who are impacted by it — is always an important part of treatment as well.

• #75 Hypersomnia Treatment: Behavioral Interventions, CPAP, Medication and More

  https://www.therecoveryvillage.com/mental-health/hypersomnia/treatment/

  Treatment options for hypersomnia can include medication, therapy or a combination of both. If a co-occurring condition is present, both disorders should be addressed and treated at the same time. […] There are treatments for hypersomnia to help people achieve optimal levels of sleep at night and avoid struggles with daytime drowsiness. […] A combination of medication and behavioral interventions often result in the best outcomes. […] CPAP, or continuous positive airway pressure, is a treatment for obstructive sleep apnea where the air is continually released into a persons nostrils. […] Medications are generally the first-line treatment option for many of the hypersomnia disorders. […] There are three classes of hypersomnia medications used to treat the disorder, including non-stimulant wake-promoting medications, sodium oxybate, bupropion and stimulant medications.

• #76 Hypersomnia: Why does it happen? Can it be treated? Learn more here

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/hypersomnia

  Hypersomnia is excessive daytime sleepiness, and it has many possible causes. […] The treatment of hypersomnia may involve behavioral therapy, medication, or both. As hypersomnia has many possible causes, treatment pathways will vary. As a result, a person may have to try several treatments before they find one that is effective for them. […] Treatments for hypersomnia will vary depending on any accompanying symptoms and the type of hypersomnia. […] A persons treatment plan could include behavioral therapy, medication, or both. […] Doctors may refer an individual with insomnia for cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). This behavioral intervention aims to strengthen cues for going to bed and weaken cues for wakefulness. […] People with primary hypersomnia often use stimulants to prevent excessive sleepiness. These could include amphetamine (Evekeo) or methylphenidate (Ritalin). Other options are nonstimulants that promote wakefulness, such as modafinil (Provigil). […] Sodium oxybate (Xyrem) is another option to reduce daytime sleepiness in those with narcolepsy. […] People with hypersomnia may require behavioral therapy and medications to help keep them awake. Without proper treatment, the condition can severely disrupt daily life and lead to further problems.

• #77 Idiopathic Hypersomnia: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatments

  https://resources.healthgrades.com/right-care/sleep-disorders/idiopathic-hypersomnia

  Lifestyle changes are a common treatment for sleep disorders, and they may improve symptoms and help with coping. The main approach is practicing good sleep hygiene. […] If you have IH, talk with your doctor about sleep hygiene and hypersomnia. Sleep hygiene recommendations can be helpful for insomnia and many other sleep disorders. However, some aspects of sleep hygiene may make hypersomnia worse. […] While there is an FDA-approved drug for IH, people respond to it differently. Side effects can also be a problem. Doctors may recommend other medications or non-drug treatments to help cope with IH.

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