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• #1 Approach to the patient with excessive daytime sleepiness – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/approach-to-the-patient-with-excessive-daytime-sleepiness

  Approach to the patient with excessive daytime sleepiness […] Patients with excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) have impaired function due to difficulty maintaining wakefulness or alertness at appropriate times during the day. […] EDS is important to recognize because it can signal an undiagnosed sleep disorder or other treatable condition. […] This topic provides a general overview of the epidemiology, etiology, clinical features, and diagnosis of disorders that cause excessive daytime sleepiness. […] Excessive daytime sleepiness — Daytime sleepiness is defined as excessive when it causes a subjective complaint or interferes with function. […] The International Classification of Sleep Disorders, Third Edition, Text Revision (ICSD-3-TR) defines EDS as the inability to maintain wakefulness and alertness during the major waking episodes of the day, with sleep occurring unintentionally or at inappropriate times almost daily for at least three months.

• #2 Approach to the patient with excessive daytime sleepiness – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/approach-to-the-patient-with-excessive-daytime-sleepiness/print

  Approach to the patient with excessive daytime sleepiness […] Patients with excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) have impaired function due to difficulty maintaining wakefulness or alertness at appropriate times during the day. […] EDS is important to recognize because it can signal an undiagnosed sleep disorder or other treatable condition. […] In addition, EDS can have a negative impact on a broad range of activities and raise safety risks while driving or operating machinery. […] Excessive daytime sleepiness — Daytime sleepiness is defined as excessive when it causes a subjective complaint or interferes with function. […] The International Classification of Sleep Disorders, Third Edition, Text Revision (ICSD-3-TR) defines EDS as the inability to maintain wakefulness and alertness during the major waking episodes of the day, with sleep occurring unintentionally or at inappropriate times almost daily for at least three months.

• #3 Excessive Daytime Sleepiness | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2009/0301/p391.html

  Excessive daytime sleepiness is one of the most common sleep-related patient symptoms, and it affects an estimated 20 percent of the population. […] The evaluation and management of excessive daytime sleepiness is based on the identification and treatment of underlying conditions (particularly obstructive sleep apnea), and the appropriate use of activating medications. […] Excessive daytime sleepiness can have diverse and serious consequences. […] Daytime sleepiness has been linked to poor health on several standardized measurements, including impairment in all domains of the Medical Outcomes Study short form health survey (36 items). […] Excessive daytime sleepiness can occur secondary to sleep deprivation, medication effects, illicit substance use, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and other medical and psychiatric conditions.

• #4 Hypersomnia: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21591-hypersomnia

  Hypersomnia makes it hard or impossible for you to stay awake during the day. This can happen even if you get a full, healthy amount of sleep at night. Not being able to control when you fall asleep can impact your work and social life. Treatments include medications, tweaking your sleep habits and therapy. […] Talk to a healthcare provider if you feel tired all the time or feel like you cant control when you fall asleep. […] Your provider will suggest a combination of medications and tweaks to your sleep habits to help manage hypersomnia. You might need: […] Therapy for anxiety, stress or other mental health issues. Talking to a mental health professional can help you manage depression and other conditions that may cause hypersomnia. It can also help you process your feelings if youre worried hypersomnia is affecting your relationships.

• #5 An Overview of Excessive Daytime Sleepiness (EDS)

  https://www.neurologylive.com/view/an-overview-of-excessive-daytime-sleepiness-eds

  One of the questions we often get asked is, What is excessive daytime sleepiness? […] For excessive daytime sleepiness, however, patients are falling asleep or are unable to stay awake, even in inappropriate situations. It is affecting their daytime functions and of course their safety. […] When we are talking about excessive sleepiness in narcolepsy, we are talking about sleepiness that is pervasive. It does not go away, and it is present from the moment the patient wakes up until they go to sleep. The sleepiness is there irrespective of the sleep duration that the patient has gotten. […] A lot of our patients with neurodegenerative disorders have that. But as you said earlier, narcolepsy is often overlooked as a cause of excessive daytime sleepiness. […] the consequences of excessive daytime sleepiness are definitely broad and huge from personal, social, and professional aspects. Because of car accidents and job accidents, what is concerning for many of our patients is safety.

• #6 Excessive Daytime Sleepiness | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2009/0301/p391.html

  Excessive daytime sleepiness is one of the most common sleep-related patient symptoms, and it affects an estimated 20 percent of the population. […] The evaluation and management of excessive daytime sleepiness is based on the identification and treatment of underlying conditions (particularly obstructive sleep apnea), and the appropriate use of activating medications. […] Excessive daytime sleepiness can have diverse and serious consequences. […] Daytime sleepiness has been linked to poor health on several standardized measurements, including impairment in all domains of the Medical Outcomes Study short form health survey (36 items). […] Excessive daytime sleepiness can occur secondary to sleep deprivation, medication effects, illicit substance use, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and other medical and psychiatric conditions.

• #7 Idiopathic hypersomnia – Hypersomnia Foundation

  https://www.hypersomniafoundation.org/ih/

  Idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) is a long-lasting (chronic) sleep disorder of the brain (neurologic disorder). Idiopathic means doctors don’t know what causes it. IH: Affects the brain’s ability to control sleep and wakefulness. Causes excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) — a strong daytime sleepiness or need to sleep during the day, even with enough sleep the night before. People who have IH may spend most of their day either sleeping or thinking about, craving, or even fighting the urge to sleep, which can severely impact their quality of life. […] The main symptom of IH is EDS that lasts for at least 3 months. Sleep patterns may also change. People who have IH may often need 1 or more long naps (of 1 hour or more) a day, and their sleep is often unrefreshing. They may also need to sleep several hours more than the average person. Common symptoms include: EDS — Excessive daytime sleepiness. Needed naps — Usually long (more than 1 hour), usually unrefreshing (non-restorative) and may make people feel even worse, may be hard or impossible to avoid. Severe sleep inertia (or sleep drunkenness) — Difficult to wake, may need multiple loud alarms or to have a supporter help with waking, struggling to wake up fully, often with an overwhelming desire to go back to sleep, feeling disoriented, confused, or irritable, having poor coordination, doing tasks without realizing it, may last for a few hours after waking up. Unrefreshing sleep (or non-restorative sleep) — Waking up feeling like you haven’t slept. Sleep attacks — Episodes when you fall asleep in places or at times you don’t want to. Fatigue — A lack of physical or mental energy, feeling tired or exhausted.

• #8 FloridaHealthFinder | Idiopathic hypersomnia | Health Encyclopedia | FloridaHealthFinder

  https://quality.healthfinder.fl.gov/health-encyclopedia/HIE/1/000803

  Idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) is a sleep disorder in which a person is excessively sleepy (hypersomnia) during the day and has great difficulty being awakened from sleep. […] Symptoms often develop slowly during the teens or young adulthood. They include: Daytime naps that do not relieve drowsiness, Difficulty waking from a long sleep — may feel confused or disoriented (’sleep drunkenness’), Increased need for sleep during the day — even while at work, or during a meal or conversation, Increased sleep time — up to 14 to 18 hours a day. […] Your health care provider will ask about your sleep history. The usual approach is to consider other possible causes of excessive daytime sleepiness. […] Your provider will likely prescribe stimulant medicines such as amphetamine, methylphenidate, or modafinil. These medicines may not work as well for this condition as they do for narcolepsy.

• #9 Excessive Daytime Sleepiness – Sleep Care Online

  https://www.sleepcareonline.com/articles/daytime-sleepiness-explained/?srsltid=AfmBOopzu9L4Ici4nUk8OkNb3n9bfxK-eNBLcO7t_cvMfeblubZqF3tw

  Excessive daytime sleepiness, clinically known as hypersomnia, is a condition where people fall asleep repeatedly during the day. Sometimes individuals with hypersomnia will fall asleep in the middle of eating a meal or during a conversation. […] Hypersomnia becomes serious when it interferes with work or home responsibilities such as caring for children. Hypersomnia can also become a risk for those who may fall asleep while driving. […] Excessive sleepiness cannot be counted as a result of one night’s lost sleep. Consistent daytime drowsiness and its corresponding symptoms indicate a chronic sleep disorder. Symptoms may include: Feeling very sleepy during the day, often falling asleep in the middle of tasks; Having difficulty waking up in the morning and feeling as if you didn’t get enough sleep; Feeling anxious, restless, and irritable as sleep loss affects mood; Having headaches, loss of appetite, or hallucinations; Having trouble focusing, concentrating, thinking, and talking quickly.

• #10 Hypersomnia: Causes, Symptoms, and More

  https://www.healthline.com/health/hypersomnia

  Hypersomnia is when a person feels very sleepy during the day. This could be due to neurological factors or other medical conditions, such as sleep apnea, but sometimes there is no clear cause. […] People with hypersomnia have difficulty functioning during the day due to sleepiness, which can affect concentration and energy levels. […] The main symptom of hypersomnia is constant sleepiness. A person with hypersomnia may sleep more than 11 hours in every 24. They may take naps throughout the day but still feel sleepy. […] To diagnose hypersomnia, a doctor will review your symptoms and medical history. […] They will likely diagnose hypersomnia if you have experienced the following for at least 3 months: excessive daytime sleepiness, an uncontrollable need to sleep, long, unrefreshing naps, difficulty waking up from sleep in most instances even after typical or longer periods of nighttime sleep.

• #11 Excessive Daytime Sleepiness | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2009/0301/p391.html

  Excessive daytime sleepiness is one of the most common sleep-related patient symptoms, and it affects an estimated 20 percent of the population. […] The evaluation and management of excessive daytime sleepiness is based on the identification and treatment of underlying conditions (particularly obstructive sleep apnea), and the appropriate use of activating medications. […] Excessive daytime sleepiness can have diverse and serious consequences. […] Daytime sleepiness has been linked to poor health on several standardized measurements, including impairment in all domains of the Medical Outcomes Study short form health survey (36 items). […] Excessive daytime sleepiness can occur secondary to sleep deprivation, medication effects, illicit substance use, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and other medical and psychiatric conditions.

• #12 Patient Evaluation for Excessive Daytime Sleepiness

  https://www.neurologylive.com/view/patient-evaluation-for-excessive-daytime-sleepiness

  Excessive daytime sleepiness is a hallmark of a number of sleep disorders, and ensuring the proper diagnosis and management of those presenting with it is crucial to care. […] Clinicians in all fields, and frequently neurologists, will encounter patients with EDS. The differential diagnosis for EDS can be organized into primary and secondary causes. […] This article will review the secondary causes of EDS to help providers determine when an evaluation for primary causes of EDS is warranted. […] Evaluation methods for insufficient sleep include a comprehensive sleep history, sleep diaries, and, if necessary, actigraphy. […] Medications and substances can cause sleepiness directly and indirectly. […] A comprehensive review of all sedating medications is beyond the scope of this article, but drugs from many classes of medication should be considered as potential causes of EDS, including benzodiazepines and barbiturates, first-generation antihistamines, antipsychotics, antiemetics, antidepressants, dopamine agonists, and some antihypertensives.

• #13 Excessive Daytime Sleepiness | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2009/0301/p391.html

  Excessive daytime sleepiness is the most common symptom of OSA. […] In patients with OSA, approximately 23 percent of women and 16 percent of men experience excessive daytime sleepiness. […] Because of associated daytime sleepiness, reduced vigilance, and inattention, persons with OSA may have work performance difficulties and are at a high risk of being involved in occupational incidents. […] Addressing the underlying cause is the mainstay of treatment of excessive daytime sleepiness. […] In OSA the most dangerous and physiologically disruptive cause of excessive daytime sleepiness treatment with positive pressure devices (e.g., CPAP) during sleep improves symptoms of daytime sleepiness for most patients. […] Modafinil (Provigil) is considered to be the first-line activating agent for the treatment of excessive daytime sleepiness.

• #14 FloridaHealthFinder | Idiopathic hypersomnia | Health Encyclopedia | FloridaHealthFinder

  https://quality.healthfinder.fl.gov/health-encyclopedia/HIE/1/000803

  Idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) is a sleep disorder in which a person is excessively sleepy (hypersomnia) during the day and has great difficulty being awakened from sleep. […] Symptoms often develop slowly during the teens or young adulthood. They include: Daytime naps that do not relieve drowsiness, Difficulty waking from a long sleep — may feel confused or disoriented (’sleep drunkenness’), Increased need for sleep during the day — even while at work, or during a meal or conversation, Increased sleep time — up to 14 to 18 hours a day. […] Your health care provider will ask about your sleep history. The usual approach is to consider other possible causes of excessive daytime sleepiness. […] Your provider will likely prescribe stimulant medicines such as amphetamine, methylphenidate, or modafinil. These medicines may not work as well for this condition as they do for narcolepsy.

• #15 Patient Evaluation for Excessive Daytime Sleepiness

  https://www.neurologylive.com/view/patient-evaluation-for-excessive-daytime-sleepiness

  Excessive daytime sleepiness is a hallmark of a number of sleep disorders, and ensuring the proper diagnosis and management of those presenting with it is crucial to care. […] Clinicians in all fields, and frequently neurologists, will encounter patients with EDS. The differential diagnosis for EDS can be organized into primary and secondary causes. […] This article will review the secondary causes of EDS to help providers determine when an evaluation for primary causes of EDS is warranted. […] Evaluation methods for insufficient sleep include a comprehensive sleep history, sleep diaries, and, if necessary, actigraphy. […] Medications and substances can cause sleepiness directly and indirectly. […] A comprehensive review of all sedating medications is beyond the scope of this article, but drugs from many classes of medication should be considered as potential causes of EDS, including benzodiazepines and barbiturates, first-generation antihistamines, antipsychotics, antiemetics, antidepressants, dopamine agonists, and some antihypertensives.

• #16 Patient Evaluation for Excessive Daytime Sleepiness

  https://www.neurologylive.com/view/patient-evaluation-for-excessive-daytime-sleepiness

  Excessive daytime sleepiness is a hallmark of a number of sleep disorders, and ensuring the proper diagnosis and management of those presenting with it is crucial to care. […] Clinicians in all fields, and frequently neurologists, will encounter patients with EDS. The differential diagnosis for EDS can be organized into primary and secondary causes. […] This article will review the secondary causes of EDS to help providers determine when an evaluation for primary causes of EDS is warranted. […] Evaluation methods for insufficient sleep include a comprehensive sleep history, sleep diaries, and, if necessary, actigraphy. […] Medications and substances can cause sleepiness directly and indirectly. […] A comprehensive review of all sedating medications is beyond the scope of this article, but drugs from many classes of medication should be considered as potential causes of EDS, including benzodiazepines and barbiturates, first-generation antihistamines, antipsychotics, antiemetics, antidepressants, dopamine agonists, and some antihypertensives.

• #17 Patient Evaluation for Excessive Daytime Sleepiness

  https://www.neurologylive.com/view/patient-evaluation-for-excessive-daytime-sleepiness

  Excessive daytime sleepiness is a hallmark of a number of sleep disorders, and ensuring the proper diagnosis and management of those presenting with it is crucial to care. […] Clinicians in all fields, and frequently neurologists, will encounter patients with EDS. The differential diagnosis for EDS can be organized into primary and secondary causes. […] This article will review the secondary causes of EDS to help providers determine when an evaluation for primary causes of EDS is warranted. […] Evaluation methods for insufficient sleep include a comprehensive sleep history, sleep diaries, and, if necessary, actigraphy. […] Medications and substances can cause sleepiness directly and indirectly. […] A comprehensive review of all sedating medications is beyond the scope of this article, but drugs from many classes of medication should be considered as potential causes of EDS, including benzodiazepines and barbiturates, first-generation antihistamines, antipsychotics, antiemetics, antidepressants, dopamine agonists, and some antihypertensives.

• #18 Pediatric hypersomnia (excessive daytime sleepiness) – Children’s Health Sleep Medicine

  https://www.childrens.com/specialties-services/conditions/excessive-daytime-sleepiness

  Hypersomnia (hypersomnia), or hypersomnolence (hypersomnolence), is excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS). […] The main symptom of hypersomnia in children is excessive drowsiness, often after sleeping for 10 or more hours at night. […] Other symptoms of hypersomnia include: Awaking confused or disoriented, Need for daytime naps (that don’t relieve the sleepiness), Need for naps at inconvenient times (such as during school), Trouble waking from long sleeps. […] While excessive daytime sleepiness is common in adolescents and adults, it is rare in children. […] Your child’s doctor will perform a physical exam to rule out medical conditions that may be behind her excessive sleepiness. […] A multiple sleep latency test is one of the best ways to detect hypersomnia in children. […] If your child has a medical condition causing her excessive daytime sleepiness, they will need to be treated for that first. […] It is important to note there are currently no approved treatments for idiopathic (unknown cause) hypersomnia. However, behavioral changes can be an effective way to treat idiopathic hypersomnia. Your child should have a regular sleep schedule and a comfortable bed and pillows in a quiet room.

• #19 Finding Answers, Hope for Hypersomnia

  https://www.emoryhealthcare.org/stories/brain-health/finding-answers-hope-for-hypersomnia

  Idiopathic hypersomnia is a neurological sleep disorder. It causes excessive daytime sleepiness, even after adequate sleep. Individuals with hypersomnia can seem like theyre sleeping the day away as much as 20 hours or longer. […] Flumazenil is not a cure. Its a treatment that works in roughly half of the patients who try it. For those patients it does work for, it opens a new world of possibilities and freedom.

• #20 Approach to the patient with excessive daytime sleepiness – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/approach-to-the-patient-with-excessive-daytime-sleepiness

  Approach to the patient with excessive daytime sleepiness […] Patients with excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) have impaired function due to difficulty maintaining wakefulness or alertness at appropriate times during the day. […] EDS is important to recognize because it can signal an undiagnosed sleep disorder or other treatable condition. […] This topic provides a general overview of the epidemiology, etiology, clinical features, and diagnosis of disorders that cause excessive daytime sleepiness. […] Excessive daytime sleepiness — Daytime sleepiness is defined as excessive when it causes a subjective complaint or interferes with function. […] The International Classification of Sleep Disorders, Third Edition, Text Revision (ICSD-3-TR) defines EDS as the inability to maintain wakefulness and alertness during the major waking episodes of the day, with sleep occurring unintentionally or at inappropriate times almost daily for at least three months.

• #21 Excessive Daytime Sleepiness – Diagnosis & Treatment | Conditions, Treatments & Specialty | Geisinger

  https://www.geisinger.org/patient-care/conditions-treatments-specialty/daytime-sleepiness

  Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is not a sleep disorder itself, but it may be a symptom of an underlying sleep disorder — often narcolepsy — a medical condition or poor sleep habits. […] If you suspect you may have EDS, our sleep specialists help identify the cause of your daytime sleepiness and develop a personalized treatment plan that gets you back to well-rested nights. […] Our sleep specialists understand the significant impact a sleep disorder can have on your life and will partner with you to create a personalized treatment plan. Daytime sleepiness treatment and sleep disorder treatment can include: […] Your doctor may recommend CPAP therapy to treat your excessive daytime sleepiness symptoms. […] Your doctor may suggest lifestyle changes to help you manage your EDS. […] In addition to practicing lifestyle changes, your doctor may prescribe medications to treat your sleep disorder. Medications for EDS can help you stay alert during the day, while others can help you sleep better at night.

• #22 The Assessment, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Excessive Sleepiness

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2880940/

  Excessive sleepiness occurs frequently in the general population and is a common feature of many psychiatric conditions. […] Excessive sleepiness commonly is seen in patients with psychiatric disorders, particularly affective disorders (e.g., depression, atypical depression, seasonal affective disorder) and psychosis (e.g., schizophrenia), and in patients taking certain psychiatric medications (e.g., benzodiazepines, tricyclic antidepressants). […] Excessive sleepiness is recognized as an important comorbid condition in patients with primary psychiatric disorders. […] To further complicate matters, psychiatric illnesses often affect sleep and wakefulness and psychotropic medications may alter normal patterns of sleep. […] It is essential to recognize and treat the underlying cause of this disorder.

• #23 Patient Evaluation for Excessive Daytime Sleepiness

  https://www.neurologylive.com/view/patient-evaluation-for-excessive-daytime-sleepiness

  Excessive daytime sleepiness is a hallmark of a number of sleep disorders, and ensuring the proper diagnosis and management of those presenting with it is crucial to care. […] Clinicians in all fields, and frequently neurologists, will encounter patients with EDS. The differential diagnosis for EDS can be organized into primary and secondary causes. […] This article will review the secondary causes of EDS to help providers determine when an evaluation for primary causes of EDS is warranted. […] Evaluation methods for insufficient sleep include a comprehensive sleep history, sleep diaries, and, if necessary, actigraphy. […] Medications and substances can cause sleepiness directly and indirectly. […] A comprehensive review of all sedating medications is beyond the scope of this article, but drugs from many classes of medication should be considered as potential causes of EDS, including benzodiazepines and barbiturates, first-generation antihistamines, antipsychotics, antiemetics, antidepressants, dopamine agonists, and some antihypertensives.

• #24 The Assessment, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Excessive Sleepiness

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2880940/

  Careful monitoring and follow-up of patients with excessive daytime sleepiness, including counseling and long-term support, are essential to ensure treatment compliance and to maintain improvements over time. […] Nonpharmacologic approaches to treat should be introduced initially, with an emphasis on proper sleep hygiene and, in some cases, the use of short prophylactic naps. […] If sleepiness persists despite nonpharmacologic treatments, appropriate pharmacotherapy may be indicated. […] A variety of classes and formulations of drugs are available. These medications have been shown to enhance alertness, increase wakefulness, improve cognition and performance, and decrease the subjective sense of fatigue and should become part of a comprehensive treatment program.

• #25 Excessive daytime sleepiness (hypersomnia)

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/excessive-daytime-sleepiness-hypersomnia/

  Excessive daytime sleepiness (hypersomnia) is a condition where people fall asleep repeatedly during the day. […] Treatment for excessive sleepiness will depend on what’s causing it. It may include medicine to help keep you awake. […] Changing your sleep habits may not cure excessive daytime sleepiness (hypersomnia), but it might help you feel better. […] It might also help to talk to your family and friends about your excessive daytime sleepiness so they’re aware of it.

• #26 Excessive Daytime Sleepiness, Hypersomnia, and Narcolepsy – Together by St. Jude™

  https://together.stjude.org/en-us/treatment-tests-procedures/symptoms-side-effects/sleep-disorders/daytime-sleepiness-hypersomnia-narcolepsy.html

  Excessive daytime sleepiness, or EDS, is a condition that causes a person to feel very sleepy during the day. […] Hypersomnia and narcolepsy are sleep disorders that cause excessive daytime sleepiness. […] A child or teen with hypersomnia or narcolepsy may also need special accommodations at school to help with learning and concentration. Scheduled naps at school, later start times, shortened school day, or extra time on homework or tests may help academic performance. […] A doctor may also prescribe a stimulant medicine such as modafinil (Provigil) or methylphenidate (Ritalin) to increase attention and alertness. […] A child or teen with hypersomnia may also need special accommodations at school. Families should work with schools to develop a 504 Plan. Examples of accommodations include scheduled naps at school, later start times, shortened school day, or extra time on homework or tests.

• #27 Excessive daytime sleepiness (hypersomnia)

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/excessive-daytime-sleepiness-hypersomnia/

  Excessive daytime sleepiness (hypersomnia) is a condition where people fall asleep repeatedly during the day. […] Treatment for excessive sleepiness will depend on what’s causing it. It may include medicine to help keep you awake. […] Changing your sleep habits may not cure excessive daytime sleepiness (hypersomnia), but it might help you feel better. […] It might also help to talk to your family and friends about your excessive daytime sleepiness so they’re aware of it.

• #28 Excessive Daytime Sleepiness – Diagnosis & Treatment | Conditions, Treatments & Specialty | Geisinger

  https://www.geisinger.org/patient-care/conditions-treatments-specialty/daytime-sleepiness

  Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is not a sleep disorder itself, but it may be a symptom of an underlying sleep disorder — often narcolepsy — a medical condition or poor sleep habits. […] If you suspect you may have EDS, our sleep specialists help identify the cause of your daytime sleepiness and develop a personalized treatment plan that gets you back to well-rested nights. […] Our sleep specialists understand the significant impact a sleep disorder can have on your life and will partner with you to create a personalized treatment plan. Daytime sleepiness treatment and sleep disorder treatment can include: […] Your doctor may recommend CPAP therapy to treat your excessive daytime sleepiness symptoms. […] Your doctor may suggest lifestyle changes to help you manage your EDS. […] In addition to practicing lifestyle changes, your doctor may prescribe medications to treat your sleep disorder. Medications for EDS can help you stay alert during the day, while others can help you sleep better at night.

• #29 Excessive Daytime Sleepiness – Sleep Care Online

  https://www.sleepcareonline.com/articles/daytime-sleepiness-explained/?srsltid=AfmBOopzu9L4Ici4nUk8OkNb3n9bfxK-eNBLcO7t_cvMfeblubZqF3tw

  Patterns of these symptoms should be addressed with a diagnosis. See your primary care doctor who may identify underlying causes such as medications or other health issues. Meeting with a sleep doctor is the next step to determining if you have a sleep disorder. […] Obstructive sleep apnea requires CPAP therapy to help reduce episodes of wakefulness during the night. After a diagnosis of OSA, a doctor will prescribe a CPAP machine for nightly CPAP therapy. […] If it is determined that medications may be causing daytime sleepiness your doctor may look into changing the dosage or reviewing alternative medications that you can use that may not have that side effect. […] Because the cause of idiopathic hypersomnia isn’t known, the treatment is aimed at easing symptoms. Stimulant medication, such as modafinil (Provigil), might be prescribed to help you stay awake during the day.

• #30 Excessive Daytime Sleepiness | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2009/0301/p391.html

  Excessive daytime sleepiness is the most common symptom of OSA. […] In patients with OSA, approximately 23 percent of women and 16 percent of men experience excessive daytime sleepiness. […] Because of associated daytime sleepiness, reduced vigilance, and inattention, persons with OSA may have work performance difficulties and are at a high risk of being involved in occupational incidents. […] Addressing the underlying cause is the mainstay of treatment of excessive daytime sleepiness. […] In OSA the most dangerous and physiologically disruptive cause of excessive daytime sleepiness treatment with positive pressure devices (e.g., CPAP) during sleep improves symptoms of daytime sleepiness for most patients. […] Modafinil (Provigil) is considered to be the first-line activating agent for the treatment of excessive daytime sleepiness.

• #31 Excessive Daytime Sleepiness, Hypersomnia, and Narcolepsy – Together by St. Jude™

  https://together.stjude.org/en-us/treatment-tests-procedures/symptoms-side-effects/sleep-disorders/daytime-sleepiness-hypersomnia-narcolepsy.html

  Excessive daytime sleepiness, or EDS, is a condition that causes a person to feel very sleepy during the day. […] Hypersomnia and narcolepsy are sleep disorders that cause excessive daytime sleepiness. […] A child or teen with hypersomnia or narcolepsy may also need special accommodations at school to help with learning and concentration. Scheduled naps at school, later start times, shortened school day, or extra time on homework or tests may help academic performance. […] A doctor may also prescribe a stimulant medicine such as modafinil (Provigil) or methylphenidate (Ritalin) to increase attention and alertness. […] A child or teen with hypersomnia may also need special accommodations at school. Families should work with schools to develop a 504 Plan. Examples of accommodations include scheduled naps at school, later start times, shortened school day, or extra time on homework or tests.

• #32 Excessive Daytime Sleepiness, Hypersomnia, and Narcolepsy – Together by St. Jude™

  https://together.stjude.org/en-us/treatment-tests-procedures/symptoms-side-effects/sleep-disorders/daytime-sleepiness-hypersomnia-narcolepsy.html

  Scheduled daytime naps and physical activity may help increase alertness during the day. Patients should not do activities that might be dangerous such as riding a bike, driving, cooking, or swimming if there are concerns about alertness. Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) can help patients and families learn skills to improve sleep habits and cope with the effects of hypersomnia. […] A doctor may prescribe a stimulant medicine such as modafinil (Provigil) or methylphenidate (Ritalin) to increase attention and alertness. Sodium oxybate (XYREM) is another type of medicine that may be used to treat narcolepsy. Patients should take medicine as prescribed and talk to their doctor or pharmacist before making any changes to the dose or timing of the medicine.

• #33 Idiopathic hypersomnia – Hypersomnia Foundation

  https://www.hypersomniafoundation.org/ih/

  Having IH can greatly affect daily life: Waking up is usually very hard, especially for people who have IH with long sleep. They often need multiple alarms and morning rituals to wake up for school or work. The amount and timing of needed sleep can limit daily activities. IH can cause problems with thinking, working, and socializing. People with IH may have trouble doing their jobs, staying in school, having romantic relationships, and fully engaging with their friends and loved ones. These effects are especially true for people who aren’t taking medicines that work well. But even with medicines, people who have IH may struggle with these activities. […] Visit our web pages: Medicines for idiopathic hypersomnia and narcolepsy, Quality of life tips.

• #34 Primary Hypersomnia Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Pharmacologic Therapy, Physician Legal Responsibilities

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/291699-treatment

  Severe idiopathic hypersomnolence (IH) is a disabling problem that often leads to unemployment and responds poorly to medical treatment. […] Because the underlying cause of IH is unknown, treatment remains symptomatic in nature. […] Per the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) practice guidelines, successful treatment of hypersomnia of central origin requires an accurate diagnosis, individual tailoring of therapy to produce maximum possible return of function, and regular follow-up to monitor response to therapy. […] Evidence for nonpharmacological options is extremely limited and evidence for pharmacological interventions is marginal. […] Scheduled naps might be beneficial to combat sleepiness in these patients. […] Behavioral approaches and sleep hygiene techniques are recommended, although they have little overall positive impact on this disease.

• #35 Primary Hypersomnia Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Pharmacologic Therapy, Physician Legal Responsibilities

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/291699-treatment

  Modafinil, armodafinil, methylphenidate, amphetamines, and sodium oxybate are effective treatments for excessive sleepiness associated with narcolepsy and, by extension, are also used for primary hypersomnias. […] The treatment of idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) remains challenging due to the limited number of FDA-approved medications specifically indicated for this condition. […] According to the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) clinical practice guideline for the treatment of central disorders of hypersomnolence, modafinil is considered a strong option for treating IH. […] Lower-evidence treatments, qualified as conditional, include clarithromycin, methylphenidate, pitolisant, and sodium oxybate. […] Daytime stimulant treatments for IH aim to maintain alertness during the day.

• #36 Primary Hypersomnia Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Pharmacologic Therapy, Physician Legal Responsibilities

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/291699-treatment

  Modafinil and methylphenidate (Ritalin) are the most commonly prescribed medications for IH. […] Modafinil and armodafinil have proved clinically useful in the treatment of narcolepsy and other causes of excessive daytime sleepiness, such as IH. […] Pitolisant is a wake-promoting agent that increases CNS histamine via blocking presynaptic H3 reuptake. […] While not directly approved for the treatment of IH, pitolisant is FDA approved for the treatment of narcolepsy and has shown promising results in retrospective studies for the treatment of excessive daytime sleepiness in IH. […] Solriamfetol is a dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor also approved for the treatment of excessive daytime sleepiness associated with narcolepsy and obstructive sleep apnea. […] Physicians have a legal responsibility to know which medical conditions may impede driving ability, to diagnose these conditions in their patients, and to discuss the implications of these conditions.

• #37 Causes of Excessive Sleepiness: Sleep Apnea, Narcolepsy, RLS

  https://www.webmd.com/sleep-disorders/sleep-apnea-daytime-sleepiness

  Hypersomnia is what doctors call a variety of conditions in which you often feel overly tired or sleep too much. It can happen because of illnesses like epilepsy or Parkinson’s disease, or mental conditions like depression. It’s also the main symptom of narcolepsy and of a condition called Kleine-Levin syndrome. Certain medications, as well as alcohol and drug abuse, can cause it as well. […] The FDA has approved calcium, magnesium, potassium, and sodium oxybates (Xywav) to treat IH in adults. It is believed to work through chemicals like dopamine and its brain pathways involved in wakefulness. It is not considered a stimulant. In addition, medications used for narcolepsy help many people with hypersomnia. Better sleep habits may make a difference, too.

• #38 The Assessment, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Excessive Sleepiness

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2880940/

  Careful monitoring and follow-up of patients with excessive daytime sleepiness, including counseling and long-term support, are essential to ensure treatment compliance and to maintain improvements over time. […] Nonpharmacologic approaches to treat should be introduced initially, with an emphasis on proper sleep hygiene and, in some cases, the use of short prophylactic naps. […] If sleepiness persists despite nonpharmacologic treatments, appropriate pharmacotherapy may be indicated. […] A variety of classes and formulations of drugs are available. These medications have been shown to enhance alertness, increase wakefulness, improve cognition and performance, and decrease the subjective sense of fatigue and should become part of a comprehensive treatment program.

• #39 Excessive sleepiness | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/sleep-hypersomnia

  Hypersomnia is excessive sleepiness. There are many causes of excessive sleepiness, including insufficient or inadequate sleep, sleep disorders, medications and medical or psychiatric illnesses. […] Many people with hypersomnia can be helped or cured with a few adjustments to lifestyle habits. […] Sleep disorders need to be diagnosed and treated at a sleep disorders clinic. […] Hypersomnia can be helped or cured with a few adjustments to lifestyle habits. Seek advice from your doctor or sleep disorder clinic if you still feel excessively sleepy. […] Identifying the causes of excessive sleepiness may involve investigations into lifestyle habits, medications, physical health and emotional state. Sleep disorders need to be diagnosed and treated at a sleep disorders clinic. The treatment depends on the disorder. […] Hypersomnia can be helped in many cases with lifestyle adjustments to improve sleep quality, so called good sleep hygiene.

• #40 New guideline provides clinical recommendations for hypersomnolence

  https://aasm.org/new-guideline-provides-clinical-recommendations-treating-sleep-disorders-excessive-sleepiness/

  New guideline provides clinical recommendations for treating sleep disorders that cause excessive sleepiness […] A new clinical practice guideline developed by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine provides recommendations for the treatment of central disorders of hypersomnolence. These sleep disorders cause excessive sleepiness despite a sufficient amount of nocturnal sleep. […] The AASM guideline will help clinicians determine the best treatment options for their patients to improve excessive daytime sleepiness, disease severity, and quality of life. […] Medications shouldn’t be the one and only treatment for hypersomnolence, […] She advises clinicians to consider additional non-pharmacologic measures as part of the treatment plan, including sleep hygiene, work/school accommodations, and cognitive behavioral therapy.

• #41 Excessive Daytime Sleepiness – Diagnosis & Treatment | Conditions, Treatments & Specialty | Geisinger

  https://www.geisinger.org/patient-care/conditions-treatments-specialty/daytime-sleepiness

  Excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) is not a sleep disorder itself, but it may be a symptom of an underlying sleep disorder — often narcolepsy — a medical condition or poor sleep habits. […] If you suspect you may have EDS, our sleep specialists help identify the cause of your daytime sleepiness and develop a personalized treatment plan that gets you back to well-rested nights. […] Our sleep specialists understand the significant impact a sleep disorder can have on your life and will partner with you to create a personalized treatment plan. Daytime sleepiness treatment and sleep disorder treatment can include: […] Your doctor may recommend CPAP therapy to treat your excessive daytime sleepiness symptoms. […] Your doctor may suggest lifestyle changes to help you manage your EDS. […] In addition to practicing lifestyle changes, your doctor may prescribe medications to treat your sleep disorder. Medications for EDS can help you stay alert during the day, while others can help you sleep better at night.

• #42 Excessive Daytime Sleepiness I Hypersomnia | IU Health

  https://iuhealth.org/find-medical-services/excessive-daytime-sleepiness

  Certain lifestyle changes may increase the quality of your sleep. Many habits, from smoking to drinking to watching TV, can negatively affect your sleep. Your team will help you understand which habits need to change and teach you how to implement these practices every night. […] Depending on your disorder and its severity, you may need to take prescription medicine to sleep. Although prescription sleep aids and sedatives prove effective in helping patients overcome daytime sleepiness, you they are not recommended for an extended period of time. […] Other conditions such as arthritis, heart failure and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) may be at the root of your sleep problems. If your sleep disorder is caused by another medical condition, such as diabetes, you will be referred to one of the IU Health network specialists to help you manage your condition.

• #43 Excessive Daytime Sleepiness – Sleep Care Online

  https://www.sleepcareonline.com/articles/daytime-sleepiness-explained/?srsltid=AfmBOopzu9L4Ici4nUk8OkNb3n9bfxK-eNBLcO7t_cvMfeblubZqF3tw

  Patterns of these symptoms should be addressed with a diagnosis. See your primary care doctor who may identify underlying causes such as medications or other health issues. Meeting with a sleep doctor is the next step to determining if you have a sleep disorder. […] Obstructive sleep apnea requires CPAP therapy to help reduce episodes of wakefulness during the night. After a diagnosis of OSA, a doctor will prescribe a CPAP machine for nightly CPAP therapy. […] If it is determined that medications may be causing daytime sleepiness your doctor may look into changing the dosage or reviewing alternative medications that you can use that may not have that side effect. […] Because the cause of idiopathic hypersomnia isn’t known, the treatment is aimed at easing symptoms. Stimulant medication, such as modafinil (Provigil), might be prescribed to help you stay awake during the day.

• #44 Hypersomnia: Causes, Symptoms, and More

  https://www.healthline.com/health/hypersomnia

  Treatment will depend on the cause and type of hypersomnia. […] Options include stimulant drugs typically used for treating narcolepsy, such as modafinil (Provigil), a drug to promote wakefulness. […] Lifestyle changes may help some people either manage their sleep or cope better with hypersomnia. […] Some people with hypersomnia can improve their symptoms with the right lifestyle changes and medication, although some people may never get full relief. […] Hypersomnia can be dangerous if a person drives, uses machinery, or does other work that requires full alertness. […] A person with hypersomnia may feel sleepy, agitated, and low in energy. […] Hypersomnia can be dangerous if it increases the risk of accidents. […] Options include seeking treatment for an underlying condition, such as MS, using lifestyle strategies, such as avoiding alcohol or establishing a regular sleep-wake routine, using medications that a doctor can prescribe. […] Hypersomnia, sometimes called hypersomnolence, is when a person feels sleepy despite getting enough sleep.

• #45 Primary Hypersomnia Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Pharmacologic Therapy, Physician Legal Responsibilities

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/291699-treatment

  Modafinil and methylphenidate (Ritalin) are the most commonly prescribed medications for IH. […] Modafinil and armodafinil have proved clinically useful in the treatment of narcolepsy and other causes of excessive daytime sleepiness, such as IH. […] Pitolisant is a wake-promoting agent that increases CNS histamine via blocking presynaptic H3 reuptake. […] While not directly approved for the treatment of IH, pitolisant is FDA approved for the treatment of narcolepsy and has shown promising results in retrospective studies for the treatment of excessive daytime sleepiness in IH. […] Solriamfetol is a dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor also approved for the treatment of excessive daytime sleepiness associated with narcolepsy and obstructive sleep apnea. […] Physicians have a legal responsibility to know which medical conditions may impede driving ability, to diagnose these conditions in their patients, and to discuss the implications of these conditions.

• #46 Primary Hypersomnia Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Pharmacologic Therapy, Physician Legal Responsibilities

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/291699-treatment

  The requirement to report unfit drivers varies among different jurisdictions, and interpretations of the law vary among the courts. […] Therefore, a physician’s risk of liability is unclear. […] Physicians may face legal action by their patients if they fail to counsel the patients on the dangers of driving associated with certain medications or medical conditions.

• #47 Narcolepsy – Ohio Sleep Medicine Institute

  https://sleepmedicine.com/narcolepsy/

  The chronic course of the disease and the potentially devastating socioeconomic impact (diminished self-esteem, strained relationships, accidents, lost jobs, etc.) make narcolepsy a significant problem. Nodding off when relatively inactive can happen anytime or anywhere, while you read or talk, eat, or even drive, and can put your life and others in danger. […] Patients with narcolepsy should not drive a motor vehicle if untreated. Individuals with narcolepsy have minimal restrictions as long as they seek and adhere to medical therapy. […] Therefore, it is critical for you to be evaluated by our sleep provider who will conduct a clinical evaluation based on your symptoms and health history.

• #48 Hypersomnia: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21591-hypersomnia

  Hypersomnia makes it hard or impossible for you to stay awake during the day. This can happen even if you get a full, healthy amount of sleep at night. Not being able to control when you fall asleep can impact your work and social life. Treatments include medications, tweaking your sleep habits and therapy. […] Talk to a healthcare provider if you feel tired all the time or feel like you cant control when you fall asleep. […] Your provider will suggest a combination of medications and tweaks to your sleep habits to help manage hypersomnia. You might need: […] Therapy for anxiety, stress or other mental health issues. Talking to a mental health professional can help you manage depression and other conditions that may cause hypersomnia. It can also help you process your feelings if youre worried hypersomnia is affecting your relationships.

• #49 What are hypersomnia sleep disorders, such as idiopathic hypersomnia, narcolepsy types 1 and 2, and Kleine-Levin syndrome? – Hypersomnia Foundation

  https://www.hypersomniafoundation.org/

  Do you wake up unrefreshed, even though you slept all night? Do you feel sleepy during the day, struggling to stay awake or alert? Has this excessive sleepiness impacted your daily life for a few months or more? If so, you might have idiopathic hypersomnia or a related hypersomnia sleep disorder. We understand, and we can help. […] Hypersomnia sleep disorders are a group of long-lasting (chronic) sleep disorders of the brain — neurologic disorders. They cause excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), which is a strong daytime sleepiness or need to sleep during the day, even with enough sleep the night before. […] Whether you’ve recently been diagnosed with a sleep disorder, you’ve been living with it for a while, or you’re a supporter, day-to-day living can present you with overwhelming challenges. Don’t worry — we’ve got many resources to help guide you, on topics such as: Educating others about what it’s like to live with a hypersomnia, Going to school or working while coping with a hypersomnia, Health insurance denials and high out-of-pocket costs for medicines, Supporting a loved one who has a sleep disorder. […] If you’re a healthcare professional or researcher working with people who have idiopathic hypersomnia or related sleep disorders, you’ll find resources for: Diagnosis and treatment of hypersomnias, including adjustments for birth control, pregnancy, and anesthesia.

• #50 What are hypersomnia sleep disorders, such as idiopathic hypersomnia, narcolepsy types 1 and 2, and Kleine-Levin syndrome? – Hypersomnia Foundation

  https://www.hypersomniafoundation.org/

  Do you wake up unrefreshed, even though you slept all night? Do you feel sleepy during the day, struggling to stay awake or alert? Has this excessive sleepiness impacted your daily life for a few months or more? If so, you might have idiopathic hypersomnia or a related hypersomnia sleep disorder. We understand, and we can help. […] Hypersomnia sleep disorders are a group of long-lasting (chronic) sleep disorders of the brain — neurologic disorders. They cause excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), which is a strong daytime sleepiness or need to sleep during the day, even with enough sleep the night before. […] Whether you’ve recently been diagnosed with a sleep disorder, you’ve been living with it for a while, or you’re a supporter, day-to-day living can present you with overwhelming challenges. Don’t worry — we’ve got many resources to help guide you, on topics such as: Educating others about what it’s like to live with a hypersomnia, Going to school or working while coping with a hypersomnia, Health insurance denials and high out-of-pocket costs for medicines, Supporting a loved one who has a sleep disorder. […] If you’re a healthcare professional or researcher working with people who have idiopathic hypersomnia or related sleep disorders, you’ll find resources for: Diagnosis and treatment of hypersomnias, including adjustments for birth control, pregnancy, and anesthesia.

• #51 The Assessment, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Excessive Sleepiness

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2880940/

  Careful monitoring and follow-up of patients with excessive daytime sleepiness, including counseling and long-term support, are essential to ensure treatment compliance and to maintain improvements over time. […] Nonpharmacologic approaches to treat should be introduced initially, with an emphasis on proper sleep hygiene and, in some cases, the use of short prophylactic naps. […] If sleepiness persists despite nonpharmacologic treatments, appropriate pharmacotherapy may be indicated. […] A variety of classes and formulations of drugs are available. These medications have been shown to enhance alertness, increase wakefulness, improve cognition and performance, and decrease the subjective sense of fatigue and should become part of a comprehensive treatment program.

• #52 Primary Hypersomnia Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Pharmacologic Therapy, Physician Legal Responsibilities

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/291699-treatment

  Severe idiopathic hypersomnolence (IH) is a disabling problem that often leads to unemployment and responds poorly to medical treatment. […] Because the underlying cause of IH is unknown, treatment remains symptomatic in nature. […] Per the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) practice guidelines, successful treatment of hypersomnia of central origin requires an accurate diagnosis, individual tailoring of therapy to produce maximum possible return of function, and regular follow-up to monitor response to therapy. […] Evidence for nonpharmacological options is extremely limited and evidence for pharmacological interventions is marginal. […] Scheduled naps might be beneficial to combat sleepiness in these patients. […] Behavioral approaches and sleep hygiene techniques are recommended, although they have little overall positive impact on this disease.

• #53 The Assessment, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Excessive Sleepiness

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2880940/

  Careful monitoring and follow-up of patients with excessive daytime sleepiness, including counseling and long-term support, are essential to ensure treatment compliance and to maintain improvements over time. […] Nonpharmacologic approaches to treat should be introduced initially, with an emphasis on proper sleep hygiene and, in some cases, the use of short prophylactic naps. […] If sleepiness persists despite nonpharmacologic treatments, appropriate pharmacotherapy may be indicated. […] A variety of classes and formulations of drugs are available. These medications have been shown to enhance alertness, increase wakefulness, improve cognition and performance, and decrease the subjective sense of fatigue and should become part of a comprehensive treatment program.

• #54 Is Idiopathic Hypersomnia a Disability? Know Your Legal Rights

  https://www.debofsky.com/articles/idiopathic-hypersomnia-disability/

  Idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) is a chronic neurological sleep disorders characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness, unrefreshing sleep, and cognitive difficulties. […] The symptoms of idiopathic hypersomnia can profoundly affect a persons ability to work. Excessive daytime sleepiness and unrefreshing sleep make it hard to focus, meet deadlines, or sustain productivity throughout the day. […] Not only is IH capable of rendering someone unable to work it can also prevent the performance of even the most basic daily tasks. […] Many individuals with idiopathic hypersomnia are unable to sustain normal work hours due to overwhelming fatigue and cognitive impairments. […] Idiopathic hypersomnia qualifies as disabling when its symptoms, such as excessive daytime sleepiness and cognitive impairments, prevent you from performing the primary duties of your job.

• #55 Idiopathic hypersomnia – Hypersomnia Foundation

  https://www.hypersomniafoundation.org/ih/

  Having IH can greatly affect daily life: Waking up is usually very hard, especially for people who have IH with long sleep. They often need multiple alarms and morning rituals to wake up for school or work. The amount and timing of needed sleep can limit daily activities. IH can cause problems with thinking, working, and socializing. People with IH may have trouble doing their jobs, staying in school, having romantic relationships, and fully engaging with their friends and loved ones. These effects are especially true for people who aren’t taking medicines that work well. But even with medicines, people who have IH may struggle with these activities. […] Visit our web pages: Medicines for idiopathic hypersomnia and narcolepsy, Quality of life tips.

• #56 Is Idiopathic Hypersomnia a Disability? Know Your Legal Rights

  https://www.debofsky.com/articles/idiopathic-hypersomnia-disability/

  Idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) is a chronic neurological sleep disorders characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness, unrefreshing sleep, and cognitive difficulties. […] The symptoms of idiopathic hypersomnia can profoundly affect a persons ability to work. Excessive daytime sleepiness and unrefreshing sleep make it hard to focus, meet deadlines, or sustain productivity throughout the day. […] Not only is IH capable of rendering someone unable to work it can also prevent the performance of even the most basic daily tasks. […] Many individuals with idiopathic hypersomnia are unable to sustain normal work hours due to overwhelming fatigue and cognitive impairments. […] Idiopathic hypersomnia qualifies as disabling when its symptoms, such as excessive daytime sleepiness and cognitive impairments, prevent you from performing the primary duties of your job.

• #57 Pediatric hypersomnia (excessive daytime sleepiness) – Children’s Health Sleep Medicine

  https://www.childrens.com/specialties-services/conditions/excessive-daytime-sleepiness

  Hypersomnia (hypersomnia), or hypersomnolence (hypersomnolence), is excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS). […] The main symptom of hypersomnia in children is excessive drowsiness, often after sleeping for 10 or more hours at night. […] Other symptoms of hypersomnia include: Awaking confused or disoriented, Need for daytime naps (that don’t relieve the sleepiness), Need for naps at inconvenient times (such as during school), Trouble waking from long sleeps. […] While excessive daytime sleepiness is common in adolescents and adults, it is rare in children. […] Your child’s doctor will perform a physical exam to rule out medical conditions that may be behind her excessive sleepiness. […] A multiple sleep latency test is one of the best ways to detect hypersomnia in children. […] If your child has a medical condition causing her excessive daytime sleepiness, they will need to be treated for that first. […] It is important to note there are currently no approved treatments for idiopathic (unknown cause) hypersomnia. However, behavioral changes can be an effective way to treat idiopathic hypersomnia. Your child should have a regular sleep schedule and a comfortable bed and pillows in a quiet room.

• #58 Excessive Daytime Sleepiness, Hypersomnia, and Narcolepsy – Together by St. Jude™

  https://together.stjude.org/en-us/treatment-tests-procedures/symptoms-side-effects/sleep-disorders/daytime-sleepiness-hypersomnia-narcolepsy.html

  Excessive daytime sleepiness, or EDS, is a condition that causes a person to feel very sleepy during the day. […] Hypersomnia and narcolepsy are sleep disorders that cause excessive daytime sleepiness. […] A child or teen with hypersomnia or narcolepsy may also need special accommodations at school to help with learning and concentration. Scheduled naps at school, later start times, shortened school day, or extra time on homework or tests may help academic performance. […] A doctor may also prescribe a stimulant medicine such as modafinil (Provigil) or methylphenidate (Ritalin) to increase attention and alertness. […] A child or teen with hypersomnia may also need special accommodations at school. Families should work with schools to develop a 504 Plan. Examples of accommodations include scheduled naps at school, later start times, shortened school day, or extra time on homework or tests.

• #59 Pediatric hypersomnia (excessive daytime sleepiness) – Children’s Health Sleep Medicine

  https://www.childrens.com/specialties-services/conditions/excessive-daytime-sleepiness

  Hypersomnia (hypersomnia), or hypersomnolence (hypersomnolence), is excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS). […] The main symptom of hypersomnia in children is excessive drowsiness, often after sleeping for 10 or more hours at night. […] Other symptoms of hypersomnia include: Awaking confused or disoriented, Need for daytime naps (that don’t relieve the sleepiness), Need for naps at inconvenient times (such as during school), Trouble waking from long sleeps. […] While excessive daytime sleepiness is common in adolescents and adults, it is rare in children. […] Your child’s doctor will perform a physical exam to rule out medical conditions that may be behind her excessive sleepiness. […] A multiple sleep latency test is one of the best ways to detect hypersomnia in children. […] If your child has a medical condition causing her excessive daytime sleepiness, they will need to be treated for that first. […] It is important to note there are currently no approved treatments for idiopathic (unknown cause) hypersomnia. However, behavioral changes can be an effective way to treat idiopathic hypersomnia. Your child should have a regular sleep schedule and a comfortable bed and pillows in a quiet room.

• #60 Excessive daytime sleepiness in sleep disorders – Slater – Journal of Thoracic Disease

  https://jtd.amegroups.org/article/view/568/html

  Patients are rarely aware of night-time disturbance other than snoring, but may complain of excessive sleepiness during the daytime or involuntarily falling asleep. […] The factors determining EDS in OSA are not well understood; the severity of OSA measured by AHI does not correlate well with the presence or degree of daytime sleepiness. […] Periodic limb movement disorder (PLMD) is another commonly-encountered sleep disorder and potentially a cause of daytime sleepiness. […] Obesity is a factor consistently linked to daytime sleepiness, with obese subjects twice as likely to report EDS than non-obese individuals. […] In both obese and non-obese subjects, depression is strongly associated with sleepiness. […] The prevalence of EDS also changes with age, with a number of studies finding increased EDS in the very young and very old. […] Shift work sleep syndrome, a type of circadian rhythm disorder in which patients have difficulty falling asleep and waking up, is a well recognised cause of EDS. […] Daytime sleepiness is a common, debilitating and potentially dangerous symptom, which is likely to be under-recognised.

• #61 Daytime Sleepiness is More Common in Lewy Body Dementia than Alzheimer’s disease – Lewy Body Dementia Association

  https://www.lbda.org/blog/daytime-sleepiness-is-more-common-in-lewy-body-dementia-than-alzheimers-disease/

  Care partners of people with LBD have long reported drowsiness and daytime sleepiness in their care recipients. […] People with LBD experience daytime sleepiness early in the disease often before significant cognitive decline has occurred. […] Sleep disorders are quite common in LBD, and many of these sleep disorders are treatable. An evaluation with a clinician who is knowledgeable in sleep medicine may be worthwhile. […] Consider trying the following recommendations by our experts to see if they work for you: Create a structured daily routine with a regular schedule of times for activities and times for rest. […] Limit or discontinue use of alcohol and/or cannabis. These substances produce drowsiness and can lead to disruptions to sleep at night. […] Review medications with your care provider to see if adjustments can be made to reduce use of medications that produce drowsiness.

• #62 Excessive daytime sleepiness | Parkinson’s UK

  https://www.parkinsons.org.uk/information-and-support/your-magazine/spotlight/excessive-daytime-sleepiness

  Some Parkinsons medications can cause excessive daytime sleepiness or sudden onset of sleep. Excessive daytime sleepiness is a non-motor symptom of Parkinsons, but researchers arent sure whether its part of how Parkinsons progresses or if its caused by Parkinsons medication. Evidence suggests that its more common if you are taking Parkinsons drugs, especially dopamine agonists. It can also be common in people taking levodopa. People with Parkinsons who experience night-time sleep disturbances are more likely to experience excessive daytime sleepiness. If you have fatigue, another common Parkinsons symptom, you may also have daytime sleepiness. […] If you experience daytime sleepiness, its important to speak to your specialist or Parkinsons nurse. One way of managing it is to reduce the amount of medication you are taking that may be causing the symptom. For mild to moderate excessive daytime sleepiness, things that can help include regular, daily physical activity, such as walking, taking a short daytime nap, playing board games or electronic games when you begin to feel tired, and eating healthy food and avoiding alcohol.

• #63 Excessive daytime sleepiness | Parkinson’s UK

  https://www.parkinsons.org.uk/information-and-support/your-magazine/spotlight/excessive-daytime-sleepiness

  In some people, drug treatments may be an option. The drug Modafinil is used to treat daytime sleepiness, but it remains controversial. There is little evidence that it works for the symptom and the medication does have significant side effects. Andrew was diagnosed with Parkinsons in October 2019. He began experiencing excessive daytime sleepiness after he was prescribed ropinirole, a dopamine agonist. I still suffer from fatigue, especially in the morning after I take other medication, but now I feel more in control. […] I also try to maintain some daily exercise including Nordic walking and visit my gym regularly.

• #64 Idiopathic Hypersomnia, Understanding the Often Overlooked Sleep Disorder | Jazz Pharmaceuticals

  https://www.jazzpharma.com/science_stories/idiopathic-hypersomnia-understanding-often-overlooked-sleep-disorder

  Idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) is a debilitating neurologic sleep disorder characterized by chronic excessive daytime sleepiness. Patients with IH are often unable to stay awake and alert during the day, which results in an irrepressible need to sleep or unplanned lapses into sleep or drowsiness. Its not a problem that can be solved with naps or a good nights sleeppeople with IH may sleep a normal or longer than normal amount of time each night but still experience excessive sleepiness during the day. […] Despite the disruptive effects IH can have on nearly every aspect of a patients life, there are currently no U.S. FDA-approved treatments for the condition. […] Managing the challenges of IH is further complicated by low levels of awareness which may contribute to patients experiencing long delays in receiving an accurate diagnosisup to 10 to 15 years in some cases.

• #65 Hypersomnia: What It Is and How to Treat It – PCSI

  https://pcsifl.com/hypersomnia-what-it-is-and-how-to-treat-it/

  Because the causes for hypersomnia vary from one person to the next, the best form of treatment also differs. Working with sleep specialists can help you determine the best course of action for you. […] If you feel excessively sleepy no matter how long you sleep at night, you might be suffering from idiopathic hypersomnia. While obtaining a diagnosis for a sleep disorder might seem daunting, its the first step towards feeling like yourself again.

• #66 Primary Hypersomnia Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Pharmacologic Therapy, Physician Legal Responsibilities

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/291699-treatment

  Severe idiopathic hypersomnolence (IH) is a disabling problem that often leads to unemployment and responds poorly to medical treatment. […] Because the underlying cause of IH is unknown, treatment remains symptomatic in nature. […] Per the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) practice guidelines, successful treatment of hypersomnia of central origin requires an accurate diagnosis, individual tailoring of therapy to produce maximum possible return of function, and regular follow-up to monitor response to therapy. […] Evidence for nonpharmacological options is extremely limited and evidence for pharmacological interventions is marginal. […] Scheduled naps might be beneficial to combat sleepiness in these patients. […] Behavioral approaches and sleep hygiene techniques are recommended, although they have little overall positive impact on this disease.

• #67 Primary Hypersomnia Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Pharmacologic Therapy, Physician Legal Responsibilities

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/291699-treatment

  Modafinil, armodafinil, methylphenidate, amphetamines, and sodium oxybate are effective treatments for excessive sleepiness associated with narcolepsy and, by extension, are also used for primary hypersomnias. […] The treatment of idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) remains challenging due to the limited number of FDA-approved medications specifically indicated for this condition. […] According to the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) clinical practice guideline for the treatment of central disorders of hypersomnolence, modafinil is considered a strong option for treating IH. […] Lower-evidence treatments, qualified as conditional, include clarithromycin, methylphenidate, pitolisant, and sodium oxybate. […] Daytime stimulant treatments for IH aim to maintain alertness during the day.

• #68 Idiopathic Hypersomnia – 5 Things You Need to Know if You are Sleepy All the Time – Sleep doctors Ft. Myers, Bonita Springs, Cape Coral, Lehigh, Estero | Somnas Sleep Apnea, Insomnia, Sleep Disorder

  https://somnas.com/idiopathic-hypersomnia-5-things-you-need-to-know-if-you-are-sleepy-all-the-time/

  Idiopathic hypersomnia is a sleep disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness that is not caused by another underlying medical condition. […] The main symptom of idiopathic hypersomnia is excessive daytime sleepiness, which is not relieved by napping. […] Medication that aids in daytime wakefulness, like stimulants or wake-promoting drugs, is commonly used to treat idiopathic hypersomnia. […] Most persons who suffer from idiopathic hypersomnia can control their symptoms and return to a normal sleep schedule once they begin receiving treatment. […] Its important to remember, though, that the IHSS is just one way to measure how bad idiopathic hypersomnia symptoms are.

• #69 Idiopathic hypersomnia – Hypersomnia Foundation

  https://www.hypersomniafoundation.org/ih/

  Having IH can greatly affect daily life: Waking up is usually very hard, especially for people who have IH with long sleep. They often need multiple alarms and morning rituals to wake up for school or work. The amount and timing of needed sleep can limit daily activities. IH can cause problems with thinking, working, and socializing. People with IH may have trouble doing their jobs, staying in school, having romantic relationships, and fully engaging with their friends and loved ones. These effects are especially true for people who aren’t taking medicines that work well. But even with medicines, people who have IH may struggle with these activities. […] Visit our web pages: Medicines for idiopathic hypersomnia and narcolepsy, Quality of life tips.

• #70 What is Idiopathic Hypersomnia? – Lone Star Neurology

  https://lonestarneurology.net/blog/what-is-idiopathic-hypersomnia/

  Despite sleeping for extended periods, individuals often describe their sleep as unrefreshing. Theyre feeling tired and groggy upon waking. This phenomenon is known as sleep inertia. […] As an idiopathic hypersomnia symptom, people experience significant challenges waking up in the morning. They often need multiple alarms. And they feel disoriented and confused for extended periods after waking. […] Napping can bring relief in other sleep conditions. However, it doesnt provide significant improvement in alertness or energy levels when IH. […] Individuals experience problems with memory, attention, concentration, and thinking clearly. This idiopathic hypersomnia symptom occurs due to excessive sleepiness. […] The constant battle with sleepiness can lead to social isolation, withdrawal from activities, and difficulty maintaining relationships.

• #71 Is Idiopathic Hypersomnia a Disability? Know Your Legal Rights

  https://www.debofsky.com/articles/idiopathic-hypersomnia-disability/

  Idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) is a chronic neurological sleep disorders characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness, unrefreshing sleep, and cognitive difficulties. […] The symptoms of idiopathic hypersomnia can profoundly affect a persons ability to work. Excessive daytime sleepiness and unrefreshing sleep make it hard to focus, meet deadlines, or sustain productivity throughout the day. […] Not only is IH capable of rendering someone unable to work it can also prevent the performance of even the most basic daily tasks. […] Many individuals with idiopathic hypersomnia are unable to sustain normal work hours due to overwhelming fatigue and cognitive impairments. […] Idiopathic hypersomnia qualifies as disabling when its symptoms, such as excessive daytime sleepiness and cognitive impairments, prevent you from performing the primary duties of your job.

• #72 Primary Hypersomnia Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Pharmacologic Therapy, Physician Legal Responsibilities

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/291699-treatment

  Modafinil and methylphenidate (Ritalin) are the most commonly prescribed medications for IH. […] Modafinil and armodafinil have proved clinically useful in the treatment of narcolepsy and other causes of excessive daytime sleepiness, such as IH. […] Pitolisant is a wake-promoting agent that increases CNS histamine via blocking presynaptic H3 reuptake. […] While not directly approved for the treatment of IH, pitolisant is FDA approved for the treatment of narcolepsy and has shown promising results in retrospective studies for the treatment of excessive daytime sleepiness in IH. […] Solriamfetol is a dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor also approved for the treatment of excessive daytime sleepiness associated with narcolepsy and obstructive sleep apnea. […] Physicians have a legal responsibility to know which medical conditions may impede driving ability, to diagnose these conditions in their patients, and to discuss the implications of these conditions.

• #73 Primary Hypersomnia Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Pharmacologic Therapy, Physician Legal Responsibilities

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/291699-treatment

  The requirement to report unfit drivers varies among different jurisdictions, and interpretations of the law vary among the courts. […] Therefore, a physician’s risk of liability is unclear. […] Physicians may face legal action by their patients if they fail to counsel the patients on the dangers of driving associated with certain medications or medical conditions.

• #74 Is Idiopathic Hypersomnia a Disability? Know Your Legal Rights

  https://www.debofsky.com/articles/idiopathic-hypersomnia-disability/

  Insurers often deny claims due to a lack of objective evidence. A disability attorney experienced in idiopathic hypersomnia cases can help gather compelling documentation, address insurer skepticism, and appeal wrongful denials. […] Idiopathic hypersomnia is a disabling condition that can profoundly impact your ability to work and manage daily life.

• #75 Review: Idiopathic Hypersomnia Carries Considerable Burden and Remains Poorly Defined

  https://www.ajmc.com/view/review-idiopathic-hypersomnia-carries-considerable-burden-and-remains-poorly-defined

  Idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) is widely considered to be a rare disease characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness, including difficulty waking up and reduced focus/alertness and mental fatigue, with important consequences for those affected, the present authors began as they highlighted the need for a more comprehensive assessment of IH-related burden. […] An analysis on the burden of IH revealed that many affected individuals have difficulty keeping their attention for over 1 hour, compared with the 4-hour average observed in controls. IH also contributes to a chronic, reported state of fogginess, drowsiness, or a lack of alertness. […] The culmination of this review provides strong evidence that IH is a poorly defined diagnosis of exclusion and its burden extends beyond excessive sleepiness, the authors concluded.

• #76 Primary Hypersomnia Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Pharmacologic Therapy, Physician Legal Responsibilities

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/291699-treatment

  Modafinil, armodafinil, methylphenidate, amphetamines, and sodium oxybate are effective treatments for excessive sleepiness associated with narcolepsy and, by extension, are also used for primary hypersomnias. […] The treatment of idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) remains challenging due to the limited number of FDA-approved medications specifically indicated for this condition. […] According to the American Academy of Sleep Medicine (AASM) clinical practice guideline for the treatment of central disorders of hypersomnolence, modafinil is considered a strong option for treating IH. […] Lower-evidence treatments, qualified as conditional, include clarithromycin, methylphenidate, pitolisant, and sodium oxybate. […] Daytime stimulant treatments for IH aim to maintain alertness during the day.

• #77 Primary Hypersomnia Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Pharmacologic Therapy, Physician Legal Responsibilities

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/291699-treatment

  Modafinil and methylphenidate (Ritalin) are the most commonly prescribed medications for IH. […] Modafinil and armodafinil have proved clinically useful in the treatment of narcolepsy and other causes of excessive daytime sleepiness, such as IH. […] Pitolisant is a wake-promoting agent that increases CNS histamine via blocking presynaptic H3 reuptake. […] While not directly approved for the treatment of IH, pitolisant is FDA approved for the treatment of narcolepsy and has shown promising results in retrospective studies for the treatment of excessive daytime sleepiness in IH. […] Solriamfetol is a dopamine and norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor also approved for the treatment of excessive daytime sleepiness associated with narcolepsy and obstructive sleep apnea. […] Physicians have a legal responsibility to know which medical conditions may impede driving ability, to diagnose these conditions in their patients, and to discuss the implications of these conditions.

• #78 Finding Answers, Hope for Hypersomnia

  https://www.emoryhealthcare.org/stories/brain-health/finding-answers-hope-for-hypersomnia

  Idiopathic hypersomnia is a neurological sleep disorder. It causes excessive daytime sleepiness, even after adequate sleep. Individuals with hypersomnia can seem like theyre sleeping the day away as much as 20 hours or longer. […] Flumazenil is not a cure. Its a treatment that works in roughly half of the patients who try it. For those patients it does work for, it opens a new world of possibilities and freedom.

• #79 New guideline provides clinical recommendations for hypersomnolence

  https://aasm.org/new-guideline-provides-clinical-recommendations-treating-sleep-disorders-excessive-sleepiness/

  New guideline provides clinical recommendations for treating sleep disorders that cause excessive sleepiness […] A new clinical practice guideline developed by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine provides recommendations for the treatment of central disorders of hypersomnolence. These sleep disorders cause excessive sleepiness despite a sufficient amount of nocturnal sleep. […] The AASM guideline will help clinicians determine the best treatment options for their patients to improve excessive daytime sleepiness, disease severity, and quality of life. […] Medications shouldn’t be the one and only treatment for hypersomnolence, […] She advises clinicians to consider additional non-pharmacologic measures as part of the treatment plan, including sleep hygiene, work/school accommodations, and cognitive behavioral therapy.

• #80 The Assessment, Diagnosis, and Treatment of Excessive Sleepiness

  https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2880940/

  Careful monitoring and follow-up of patients with excessive daytime sleepiness, including counseling and long-term support, are essential to ensure treatment compliance and to maintain improvements over time. […] Nonpharmacologic approaches to treat should be introduced initially, with an emphasis on proper sleep hygiene and, in some cases, the use of short prophylactic naps. […] If sleepiness persists despite nonpharmacologic treatments, appropriate pharmacotherapy may be indicated. […] A variety of classes and formulations of drugs are available. These medications have been shown to enhance alertness, increase wakefulness, improve cognition and performance, and decrease the subjective sense of fatigue and should become part of a comprehensive treatment program.

• #81 New guideline provides clinical recommendations for hypersomnolence

  https://aasm.org/new-guideline-provides-clinical-recommendations-treating-sleep-disorders-excessive-sleepiness/

  New guideline provides clinical recommendations for treating sleep disorders that cause excessive sleepiness […] A new clinical practice guideline developed by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine provides recommendations for the treatment of central disorders of hypersomnolence. These sleep disorders cause excessive sleepiness despite a sufficient amount of nocturnal sleep. […] The AASM guideline will help clinicians determine the best treatment options for their patients to improve excessive daytime sleepiness, disease severity, and quality of life. […] Medications shouldn’t be the one and only treatment for hypersomnolence, […] She advises clinicians to consider additional non-pharmacologic measures as part of the treatment plan, including sleep hygiene, work/school accommodations, and cognitive behavioral therapy.

• #82 Review: Idiopathic Hypersomnia Carries Considerable Burden and Remains Poorly Defined

  https://www.ajmc.com/view/review-idiopathic-hypersomnia-carries-considerable-burden-and-remains-poorly-defined

  Idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) is widely considered to be a rare disease characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness, including difficulty waking up and reduced focus/alertness and mental fatigue, with important consequences for those affected, the present authors began as they highlighted the need for a more comprehensive assessment of IH-related burden. […] An analysis on the burden of IH revealed that many affected individuals have difficulty keeping their attention for over 1 hour, compared with the 4-hour average observed in controls. IH also contributes to a chronic, reported state of fogginess, drowsiness, or a lack of alertness. […] The culmination of this review provides strong evidence that IH is a poorly defined diagnosis of exclusion and its burden extends beyond excessive sleepiness, the authors concluded.

• #83 Review: Idiopathic Hypersomnia Carries Considerable Burden and Remains Poorly Defined

  https://www.ajmc.com/view/review-idiopathic-hypersomnia-carries-considerable-burden-and-remains-poorly-defined

  Idiopathic hypersomnia (IH) is widely considered to be a rare disease characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness, including difficulty waking up and reduced focus/alertness and mental fatigue, with important consequences for those affected, the present authors began as they highlighted the need for a more comprehensive assessment of IH-related burden. […] An analysis on the burden of IH revealed that many affected individuals have difficulty keeping their attention for over 1 hour, compared with the 4-hour average observed in controls. IH also contributes to a chronic, reported state of fogginess, drowsiness, or a lack of alertness. […] The culmination of this review provides strong evidence that IH is a poorly defined diagnosis of exclusion and its burden extends beyond excessive sleepiness, the authors concluded.

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