Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Raynaud’s Syndrome: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/9849-raynauds-phenomenon

  Raynauds syndrome causes spasms in small blood vessels in your fingers and toes. This limits blood flow and leads to symptoms like skin color changes, cold skin and a pins and needles sensation. Common triggers of Raynauds attacks include cold weather and stress. Many people have mild symptoms that they can manage through lifestyle changes. […] During a Raynauds attack, the arterioles and capillaries in your fingers and toes tighten more than they should. As a result, your skin in the affected area turns white and then blue. This color change happens because your blood lacks oxygen. Your skin may also feel cold or numb. As your blood vessels relax and open up again, your skin may look red or feel tingly. An attack usually lasts around 15 minutes. […] Symptoms of Raynauds syndrome are episodic. That means they come and go. A typical episode, or attack, lasts about 15 minutes. But attacks may be shorter or longer. Episodes are often associated with certain triggers such as cold weather. Symptoms are usually mild in people with primary Raynauds syndrome. People with secondary Raynauds syndrome may have more severe symptoms, including skin ulcers.

• #2 Raynaud’s Phenomenon or Disease Treatment & Types | NIAMS

  https://www.niams.nih.gov/health-topics/raynauds-phenomenon

  Raynauds phenomenon happens when episodes or attacks affect certain parts of the body, especially the fingers and toes, causing them to become cold and numb, and change colors. Exposure to cold temperatures is the most common trigger, such as grabbing hold of a glass of ice water or taking something out of the freezer. Sudden changes in ambient temperature, such as when entering an air-conditioned supermarket on a warm day, can lead to an attack. […] A typical attack progresses as follows: The skin of the affected part of the body turns pale or white due to lack of blood flow. The area then turns blue and feels cold and numb, as the blood that is left in the tissue loses its oxygen. Finally, as you warm up and circulation returns, the area turns red and may swell, tingle, burn, or throb.

• #3 Raynaud’s Phenomenon: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis & Treatment

  https://www.clevelandclinicabudhabi.ae/en/health-hub/health-resource/diseases-and-conditions/raynauds-phenomenon

  Patients with Raynaud’s phenomenon may have three stages of skin color changes: white (pallor), blue (cyanosis) and red (rubor). The changes can happen in any order, and not everyone with Raynaud’s has all three changes. […] When skin turns white, it may be caused by a collapse of the arteries in an affected body part. […] When skin turns blue, it means the fingers or toes are not getting enough oxygen-rich blood. The affected body parts can also feel cold and numb. […] When skin turns red, it means the blood is returning to the affected areas. […] A Raynaud’s attack can last less than a minute to several hours. after an attack is over, the affected body parts may throb and tingle.

• #4 Raynaud’s disease: Treatment, causes, and symptoms

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/176713

  Raynauds disease is an issue with blood circulation that causes the fingers or toes to turn white or pale and then blue, cold, and numb. It occurs when temperatures drop and blood vessels spasm and narrow, reducing blood supply. […] Raynauds disease is a condition that causes blood vessels in the fingers or toes to spasm and temporarily narrow. This restricts blood flow and causes the fingers to turn cold and numb. […] Symptoms often occur in the extremities, such as the fingers and toes. A Raynauds episode may involve the following symptoms: the affected body areas turn pale or white as blood flow reduces; the area turns blue and feels cold to the touch and numb; the area turns red and might tingle, swell, or throb as the person warms up and circulation returns. […] A Raynauds episode may last from a few minutes to a few hours.

• #5 Raynaud syndrome – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Raynaud_syndrome

  Raynaud syndrome, also known as Raynaud’s phenomenon, is a medical condition in which the spasm of small arteries causes episodes of reduced blood flow to end arterioles. Typically the fingers, and, less commonly, the toes, are involved. The episodes classically result in the affected part turning white and then blue. Often, numbness or pain occurs. As blood flow returns, the area turns red and burns. The episodes typically last minutes but can last several hours. Episodes are typically triggered by cold or emotional stress. The primary treatment is avoiding the cold. Severe disease may in rare cases lead to complications, specifically skin sores or gangrene. The condition can cause localized pain, discoloration (paleness), and sensations of cold and/or numbness. When exposed to cold temperatures, the blood supply to the fingers or toes, and in some cases the nose or earlobes, is markedly reduced; the skin turns pale or white (called pallor) and becomes cold and numb. These events are episodic, and when the episode subsides or the area is warmed, the blood flow returns and the skin color first turns red (rubor), and then back to normal, often accompanied by swelling, tingling, and a painful „pins and needles” sensation. Raynaud syndrome can precede these other diseases by many years, making it the first presenting symptom. When Raynaud’s phenomenon is limited to one hand or one foot, it is referred to as unilateral Raynaud’s. This is an uncommon form, and it is always secondary to local or regional vascular disease. It commonly progresses within several years to affect other limbs as the vascular disease progresses. The prognosis of primary Raynaud syndrome is often very favorable, with no mortality and little morbidity overall. In some very rare cases, gangrene has been known to develop. The prognosis of secondary Raynaud is related to the course of the underlying disease, and how effective blood flow-restoring maneuvers are.

• #6 Raynaud’s Disease (Causes, Symptoms and Treatment)

  https://patient.info/doctor/raynauds-phenomenon-pro

  The patient may initially notice pallor of the distal portion of one or more digits. For reasons as yet unknown, the thumb is usually spared. […] There is usually a clear demarcation line between affected and normal skin. […] There then follows a feeling of numbness or pain in the digit(s) accompanied by cyanosis (blueing) of the digit. […] Finally, there is a hyperaemic phase where the digit becomes red and feels warm. […] Individual patients may show variation in the sequence of these three phases. […] Primary Raynaud’s is typically benign and does not progress or lead to tissue damage. […] Studies have found rates of remission (no attacks for two cold seasons, or 12 months without symptoms) between 3% and 33% after 7-14 years. […] The frequency and severity of symptoms fluctuate with changes in daily temperature and may lessen with increasing age.

• #7 Raynaud Phenomenon: Practice Essentials, Pathophysiology, Etiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/331197-overview

  Raynaud phenomenon manifests as recurrent vasospasm of the fingers and toes that usually occurs in response to cold exposure or stress. Classically, episodes are marked by sequential color changes: pallor from ischemia, followed by cyanosis from deoxygenation, and finally erythema from reperfusion; however, some patients may not experience erythema, or may have pallor alone. Numbness or burning pain may also occur. […] The prognosis for patients with primary Raynaud phenomenon is usually very good, with no mortality and little morbidity. A study from northern Sweden reported annual remission rates of 4.4% in women and 5.5% in men. In very rare cases, ischemia of the affected body part can result in necrosis. In addition, a study in 830 participants of the Charleston Heart Study cohort identified a potentially significant relationship between Raynaud phenomenon and all-cause mortality, especially in elderly subjects. […] The prognosis for patients with secondary Raynaud phenomenon is related to the underlying disease. The prognosis for the involved digit or digits in these patients is related to the severity of the ischemia and the effectiveness of maneuvers to restore blood flow.

• #8 Raynaud’s Phenomenon & Raynaud’s Syndrome | HSS Rheumatology

  https://www.hss.edu/condition-list_raynauds-phenomenon.asp

  The main symptoms are color changes in the hands, fingers, and other extremities (often in the feet, sometimes, the ears and nose). Affected body parts will often first become white or lighter than a person’s normal skin tone, and then turn blue. Discomfort or even severe pain may accompany the color change. Secondary Raynauds is more likely to be associated with other complications, such as ulcers on the fingers or fingertip infections, more so than primary Raynauds. […] Raynauds is triggered by cold temperatures or emotional stress, but it is different from simply having cold hands. The condition involves both coolness and the characteristic white and blue color changes in the affected areas. Some people have only one color change in the cold such as only white or only blue. These people are considered to have possible Raynaud’s phenomenon.

• #9 Raynaud’s Disease & Syndrome: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/arthritis/raynauds-phenomenon

  Raynaud’s syndrome symptoms include: […] Cold fingers and toes. You may experience Raynaud’s on other body parts including your ears, nose, nipples, or lips. […] Your skin might turn white or blue when its cold or when youre stressed. As you warm up, it could turn red. […] The affected areas feel tingly, prickly, or painful when they start to warm up. […] You may see sores or gangrene on your fingers with secondary Raynaud’s. […] Both forms cause your body to overreact in response to cold temperatures, making your fingers, toes, and other extremities feel numb and change color to white or blue. It’s painful when your body warms up again, and complications include sores and tissue damage.

• #10 Raynaud’s phenomenon | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/raynauds-phenomenon

  With Raynauds phenomenon, this reaction is exaggerated. Blood vessels in your extremities narrow, starving the tissues of blood and causing the characteristic blue or white colour change. When this happens, you may experience stinging pain, tingling and numbness in your fingers or toes. […] Primary Raynauds phenomenon (or Raynauds disease, or just Raynauds) is the most common form of Raynauds phenomenon. […] Secondary Raynauds phenomenon is generally more complex and serious than primary Raynauds. The most common causes of secondary Raynauds are underlying autoimmune disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE or lupus). […] For most people, primary Raynauds phenomenon is a nuisance rather than a disabling condition. […] However, if a Raynauds attack does occur, warming the body and the extremities is helpful.

• #11 Raynaud’s disease | SRUK

  https://www.sruk.co.uk/raynauds/what-raynauds/

  Raynaud’s disease (Ray-nodes) means that the small blood vessels in the extremities such as the hands, feet, fingers or toes are over-sensitive to even the slightest changes in temperature, cold conditions and sometimes emotional stress. […] When someone has Raynaud’s this reaction may be much more extreme. It will sometimes cause a noticeable colour change to the affected areas, with the skin turning white, then blue and finally to red as the circulation returns. This is known as a Raynaud’s attack. […] A Raynaud’s attack can be very uncomfortable, and sometimes quite painful. It can also make everyday tasks, like buttoning a jacket or unzipping a purse, very difficult. Raynaud’s symptoms generally affect the fingers and toes, but all extremities can be involved, including the hands, feet, ears, nose, lips, tongue and nipples.

• #12 Raynaud’s

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/raynauds/

  Raynaud’s phenomenon is where your blood stops flowing properly to your fingers and toes. It’s common and does not usually cause severe problems. You can often treat the symptoms yourself by keeping warm. Sometimes it can be a sign of a more serious condition. […] Raynaud’s affects your blood circulation. When you’re cold, anxious or stressed, your fingers and toes may change colour. […] Other symptoms can include: pain, numbness, pins and needles. […] The symptoms of Raynaud’s may last from a few minutes to a few hours. […] If you have Raynaud’s and your symptoms are very bad or getting worse, a GP may prescribe a medicine to help improve your circulation. For example, you may be offered nifedipine, which is used to treat high blood pressure.

• #13 Raynaud’s phenomenon | Causes, symptoms, treatments

  https://versusarthritis.org/about-arthritis/conditions/raynauds-phenomenon/

  Raynauds phenomenon mainly affects hands and feet. […] If you have Raynauds phenomenon, your hands may change colour in cold weather and there may be pain, tingling and numbness. […] These attacks often only last a few minutes, but they can last two to three hours. You may find that moving into a warmer environment often stops the attack. […] With primary Raynauds phenomenon your fingers usually go back to normal after each attack. Attacks of primary Raynauds phenomenon can be unpleasant and a nuisance, but they dont usually damage your fingers. […] Secondary Raynauds phenomenon can be severe and can cause ulcers on the fingertips and loss of tissue at the fingertip. However, this is very rare. […] Some people find that their feet are also affected so that they become very cold and change colour. The ears, lips, nose and nipples can also be affected. Women who are breastfeeding can have Raynauds in the nipples, especially when they expose them to cold air.

• #14 Raynaud phenomenon Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/diseases-conditions/raynaud-phenomenon

  Raynaud phenomenon is a condition in which cold temperatures or strong emotions cause blood vessel spasms. This blocks blood flow to the affected regions and causes discoloration […] Exposure to the cold or strong emotions bring on the changes. First, the affected areas become white, and then turn blue. Fingers are most commonly involved, but toes, ears, lips or the nose can also change color as well. When blood flow returns, the area becomes red and then later returns to normal color. The attacks may last from minutes to hours. People with Raynaud disease have problems in the same fingers on both sides. Most people do not have much pain. The skin of the arms or legs may develop bluish blotches which goes away when the skin is warmed up. […] People with secondary Raynaud phenomenon are more likely to have pain or tingling in the fingers. Painful ulcers may form on the affected fingers if the attacks are severe.

• #15 Raynaud Syndrome – Cardiovascular Disorders – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/cardiovascular-disorders/peripheral-arterial-disorders/raynaud-syndrome

  Raynaud syndrome is vasospasm of parts of the hand in response to cold or emotional stress, causing reversible discomfort and color changes (pallor, cyanosis, erythema, or a combination) in one or more digits. […] Sensations of coldness, burning pain, paresthesias, or intermittent color changes of one or more digits are precipitated by exposure to cold, emotional stress, or vibration. All can be reversed by removing the stimulus. Rewarming the hands accelerates restoration of normal color and sensation. […] Color changes are clearly demarcated across the digit. They may be triphasic (pallor, followed by cyanosis and after warming by erythema due to reactive hyperemia), biphasic (cyanosis, erythema), or uniphasic (pallor or cyanosis only). Changes are often symmetric. Raynaud syndrome does not occur proximal to the metacarpophalangeal joints; it most commonly affects the middle 3 fingers and rarely affects the thumb. Vasospasm may last minutes to hours but is rarely severe enough to cause tissue loss in primary Raynaud syndrome. […] Raynaud syndrome secondary to a connective tissue disorder may progress to painful digital gangrene; Raynaud syndrome secondary to systemic sclerosis tends to cause extremely painful, infected ulcers on the fingertips.

• #16 Raynaud’s Phenomenon & Raynaud’s Syndrome | HSS Rheumatology

  https://www.hss.edu/condition-list_raynauds-phenomenon.asp

  A physician can help to diagnose primary versus secondary Raynauds phenomenon and to distinguish between Raynauds and other causes of low blood flow to the fingers. Color changes of the extremities can have other causes, especially if these changes are present only on one side of the body (Raynauds usually affects both sides of the body). Especially when the problem is not symmetrical, its important to rule out other causes, such as a blood clot in an artery or hardening of the arteries. […] It is especially important to see a doctor if someone with Raynauds: develops ulcerations of the fingertips or toes, has severe episodes of Raynauds, has new onset Raynauds (particularly later in adulthood), experiences other symptoms that suggest the presence of an autoimmune condition (such as joint pain, rash, weakness, among others).

• #17 Raynaud’s Disease: Feet Pictures, Symptoms, and More

  https://www.health.com/mind-body/what-is-raynauds-syndrome

  Raynaud’s disease symptoms usually occur if something triggers a flare, or an „attack.” One of the most common triggers is cold temperatures, such as being outside in cold weather or holding a glass of iced water. Other triggers include stress, smoking, and vaping. […] A Raynaud’s disease attack usually includes: A lack of blood flow causes the affected body part, typically the fingers and toes, to become pale or white. The body part will then turn blue and feel cold and numb. The affected area becomes red, swollen, and tingly as blood flow returns. You might notice burning and throbbing feelings. […] An attack usually lasts a few minutes to hours. Severe attacks might last days, although it’s rare. People with severe Raynaud’s disease might develop painful sores or tissue death.

• #18 Raynaud’s Syndrome (Phenomenon): Symptoms and More

  https://www.healthline.com/health/raynauds-phenomenon

  Raynauds phenomenon can occur with episodes where blood vessels constrict and reduce blood flow to your extremities. […] Symptoms of Raynauds disease can also be caused by different underlying conditions. […] Raynauds syndrome occurs in episodes or attacks from the disease. Certain body areas can become affected, but the fingers and toes are common. […] When it takes hold, you may find the following progression of symptoms: Affected area turns pale or white due to lack of blood flow. The affected area turns blue while feeling cold and numb since the tissue has lost oxygen. When you warm up, and circulation restores, you can experience redness, swelling, and discomfort. You can develop skin ulcers and gangrene in severe cases. […] At first, you may only experience symptoms in one finger or toe. Then, however, it can move to your other digits, and each attack can last anywhere from a few minutes to hours.

• #19 Patient education: Raynaud phenomenon (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/raynaud-phenomenon-beyond-the-basics/print

  The Raynaud phenomenon (RP) is a condition in which some of the body’s blood vessels (most commonly those in the fingers and toes) constrict in an exaggerated way in response to cold or emotional stress. […] In people with RP, the mechanisms that control vasoconstriction are thought to be altered or defective. The vessels constrict in an exaggerated way in response to cold and emotional or physical stress, causing what is called “Raynaud’s phenomenon” or a Raynaud’s attack. There are three phases of the event represented by skin color changes. First, severe vasoconstriction reduces blood flow to the skin of the affected areas, causing the skin surface to feel cold to touch and to have a white color. The pale white color is due to virtually no blood flow to the skin. The skin then typically becomes a purplish-blue color (called acrocyanosis), as a reduced flow of blood through the skin returns. When the vessel fully recovers, it dilates, allowing blood flow to resume; the skin may blush, becoming very pink or red.

• #20

  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/Health/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=hw180981

  During an attack of Raynaud’s, the body limits blood flow to the hands and feet. This makes them feel cold and numb, and then turn white or blue. As blood flow returns and the fingers or toes warm up, they may turn red and begin to throb and hurt. […] An attack most often lasts only a few minutes. But in some cases it may last more than an hour.

• #21 Raynaud’s phenomenon | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/a-to-z/raynauds-phenomenon/

  Raynauds phenomenon is a common condition that affects the blood supply to certain parts of the body usually the fingers and toes. […] Symptoms of Raynauds can last from a few minutes to several hours. […] Its not a serious threat to your health, but can be painful and difficult to live with. If can affect your ability to move your fingers and hands. People with Raynauds often go for long periods without any symptoms, and sometimes the condition goes away altogether. […] Secondary Raynauds can severely restrict the blood supply, so it carries a higher risk of complications, such as ulcers, scarring and even tissue death (gangrene) in the most serious cases. However, severe complications are rare. […] Raynauds phenomenon can usually be diagnosed after an examination of your symptoms and some blood tests.

• #22 Raynaud’s disease – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/raynauds-disease/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20363572

  Dressing for the cold in layers and wearing gloves or heavy socks usually can help mild symptoms of Raynaud’s. […] Depending on the cause of symptoms, medicines might help. […] Warm your hands, feet or other affected areas. Do the following to gently warm your fingers and toes: […] If stress triggers an attack, get away from the stress and relax. […] Certain practices and supplements that help blood flow better might help manage Raynaud’s. […] Your primary health care provider will likely be able to diagnose Raynaud’s based on your symptoms. […] During a Raynaud’s attack, do your fingers or toes change color or feel numb or painful?

• #23 Raynaud’s Phenomenon: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

  https://patient.info/heart-health/raynauds-phenomenon-leaflet

  Many people with Raynaud’s do not have the full classic colour changes but develop bouts of uncomfortable, pale, cold fingers. Only the fingers are affected in most cases. In some cases the toes are also affected. Less commonly other extremities of the body are affected, such as the earlobes, nose, nipples or tongue. Each bout of symptoms can last from minutes to hours. […] Raynaud’s is usually mild, with infrequent, brief bouts of symptoms that last just a few minutes. Sometimes it is moderate with more frequent bouts of symptoms that last longer. Rarely, it is severe with repeated frequent bouts, with each bout lasting longer periods of time. […] The outlook for people with primary Raynaud’s is usually good. Most people have mild symptoms that do not interfere much with daily life. People with more severe symptoms often respond well to treatment with nifedipine. In some cases the condition goes away (remits) in time. In one study that followed up people with primary Raynaud’s over seven years, the condition had gone away in nearly two in three cases at some point over the study period. […] In general, symptoms are often more severe than with primary Raynaud’s, and tend to respond less well to treatment. In some situations, treating an underlying condition will ease the symptoms of Raynaud’s.

• #24 Raynaud Disease – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK499833/

  In Raynaud phenomenon, blood-flow restriction occurs during cold temperatures and emotional stress. Specifically, in Raynaud phenomenon, there is vasoconstriction of the digital arteries and cutaneous arterioles. Overall, Raynaud phenomenon is a transient and peripheral vasoconstrictive response to cold temperatures or emotional stress. Raynaud phenomenon can be categorized as either primary or secondary. […] Raynaud phenomena occur more frequently in women (about 20% to 30%), particularly in younger age populations (teens to 20s). The female to male ratio is 9 to 1. […] Raynaud phenomena typically affect fingers (distal areas). A Raynaud phenomenon attack is sudden with the development of cold digits and the demarcation of „white” areas also known as skin pallor or white attack. Instead of white attack, there may be cyanotic skin changes, otherwise known as a blue attack. The white or blue attack typically remains for approximately 20 minutes. After the Raynaud phenomenon flare, vascular reperfusion with subsequent rewarming occurs. This results in erythematous areas where the flare occurred. It is known as reactive hyperemia.

• #25 Raynaud’s Phenomenon and Raynaud’s Disease in Pictures

  https://www.webmd.com/arthritis/ss/slideshow-guide-raynauds-phenomenon

  This condition causes attacks that limit blood supply to fingers and toes, which may get pale, cold and numb. As blood returns, they may start to tingle and hurt. […] An attack usually hits the fingers and toes, but can also strike your nose, ears, nipples, or lips. It might start in one finger or toe and move on to others. It may last less than a minute, or go on for hours. Affected areas might: Turn pale, white or even blue in color, Feel numb, cold, or painful, Throb, burn, tingle, and swell when blood returns. […] Serious cases of secondary Raynauds can cause sores. Rarely, they can even kill living tissue (gangrene). […] Primary Raynauds tends to be less serious than the secondary type. It doesn’t have a link to another medical condition, and if you have it, you’re not likely to develop one later. Symptoms may be so mild that you don’t feel the need to seek treatment. Sometimes, they get better on their own. […] This form of Raynauds tends to show up later, around age 40. It can cause more serious symptoms than the primary kind.

• #26 Raynaud’s Disease – Symptoms, Causes and Management | Max Hospital

  https://www.maxhealthcare.in/blogs/raynauds-disease-symptoms-and-causes

  Once the affected area begins to warm and blood flow returns, it can cause pain or a throbbing sensation. […] Fingers or toes may feel stiff or clumsy due to reduced blood flow and numbness. […] In severe cases, prolonged lack of blood flow can lead to sores or ulcers on the fingers or toes, which can be painful and difficult to heal. […] These symptoms can vary in severity and frequency. If you suspect you have Raynauds Syndrome, it is important to consult a healthcare provider for proper diagnosis and management. […] Primary Raynaud’s, also known as Raynaud’s disease, occurs independently without any underlying medical condition. It typically presents with milder symptoms and primarily affects the fingers and toes. […] Secondary Raynaud’s, or Raynaud’s phenomenon, is associated with other underlying health conditions, most commonly autoimmune or connective tissue diseases such as scleroderma, lupus, rheumatoid arthritis, and Sjgren’s Syndrome. It often presents with more severe symptoms, potentially leading to sores or ulcers on the fingers and toes.

• #27 Raynaud’s Syndrome | Diagnosis & Disease Information

  https://www.rheumatologyadvisor.com/ddi/raynauds-syndrome/

  Raynauds syndrome, or Raynauds phenomenon, is a rare disorder that affects the cutaneous arterioles and can cause them to abnormally vasoconstrict, temporarily limiting blood flow. The most common symptoms are episodes of coldness, numbness, and tingling in the fingers or toes. […] The symptoms of Raynauds Syndrome include episodes of coldness, numbness, and tingling in the fingers or toes. During an attack, the affected skin may turn white, followed by bluish discoloration and redness. Additional symptoms may include a pins-and-needles sensation, pain, or numbness. Primary Raynauds syndrome typically onsets between ages 15 and 25. While secondary Raynauds syndrome typically occurs after 30 years of age and in males. Cold or emotional stress can aggravate the symptoms. A positive response to all three screening questions confirms the diagnosis.

• #28 Raynaud’s Disease: Types, Symptoms, Diagnosis, & Treatment

  https://www.artemishospitals.com/blog/raynaud-s-disease-types-symptoms-diagnosis-treatment

  Raynauds disease is usually triggered by cold weather, anxiety and stress. The condition happens because the blood vessels undergo a temporary spasm, which blocks the flow of blood and ultimately, oxygen. This causes the affected area to change colour to white, blue and then red, as and when the blood flow returns.

• #29 Raynaud’s Syndrome: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/9849-raynauds-phenomenon

  Raynauds can cause your skin to change color briefly. It may first look white before turning blue then red. Your skin may also feel cold or numb at the start of an attack due to reduced blood flow. When blood flow returns, your fingers may feel warm or throb. […] Symptoms usually mild (skin color changes, numbness, pins and needles). […] May be mild or more severe. May cause skin ulcers or gangrene. […] Symptoms may bother you off and on, but the condition isnt serious or life-threatening. Over time, youll learn more self-care tips for preventing attacks or helping them go away. […] If you have secondary Raynauds syndrome, your outlook depends on your underlying disease. Talk with your provider about what you can expect and how to manage your condition.

• #30 Raynaud’s disease: Treatment, causes, and symptoms

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/176713

  Some people with severe Raynauds disease may develop small, painful sores on the fingers or toes. […] Rarely, an extended episode of the condition lasting for days can lead to gangrene if the tissue does not receive oxygen for a lengthy period. […] Symptoms of Raynauds are mild and not life threatening for most people, especially those who have the primary form. Secondary Raynauds may cause more severe symptoms, but they are rarely life threatening. […] If oxygen is completely cut off from the area, skin ulcers and gangrenous tissue can develop. These are hard to treat and may require amputation. […] The outlook for primary Raynauds disease is generally very positive. Some may experience a sudden resolution in symptoms and become free from attacks. […] However, those with secondary Raynauds do not experience a spontaneous resolution of the disease, as their symptoms occur due to another condition.

• #31 Raynaud’s Phenomenon: Causes, Signs, and Treatment

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/raynauds-phenomenon-8643512

  Raynauds phenomenon is a condition that causes blood vessels in the hands and sometimes the feet to constrict, limiting blood flow to the fingers and toes. This reduced blood flow causes numbness and color changes in the fingers and toes and can be painful. […] Cold and stress are typical causes of a Raynauds attack or episode, which can last for minutes to hours. […] Primary Raynauds disease often occurs spontaneously with no known cause. It is typically benign (not harmful) and does not cause lasting damage. […] Attacks of Raynauds disease may last an hour but can last longer. They usually occur symmetrically (both hands or both feet) and episodically. While bothersome, the attacks arent painful. […] People with secondary Raynauds have more frequent attacks and will often describe them as being painful. They occur asymmetrically (only on one side of the body) and can leave lasting scars or pits in the skin.

• #32 Raynaud’s Syndrome (Phenomenon): Symptoms and More

  https://www.healthline.com/health/raynauds-phenomenon

  Raynauds syndrome typically affects the fingers. […] No two episodes are precisely alike, even in the same person. […] If you have Raynauds phenomenon, your outlook largely depends on your overall health. Over the long term, secondary Raynauds poses more significant concerns than the primary form. People with secondary Raynauds are more likely to get an infection, skin ulcers, and gangrene.

• #33 Raynaud’s Phenomenon – Harvard Health

  https://www.health.harvard.edu/a_to_z/raynauds-phenomenon-a-to-z

  People with Raynaud’s see and feel changes in their fingers and toes when exposed to cold. The skin blanches, or turns white, then blue. Fingers and toes can tingle or feel numb. […] When rewarmed, the skin flushes pink or red. And there can be throbbing or soreness as the blood surges back into the tiny blood vessels. […] For most people, primary Raynaud’s can be annoying and cause discomfort, but is rarely dangerous. Although it is typically a lifelong condition, it frequently does not get worse. In cases in which the vasospasm is severe, the affected areas may be prone to open sores that are slow to heal. […] Raynaud’s phenomenon, however, may be the first symptom of a rheumatic disease. So the condition should not be ignored. Patients may need to be examined, tested and monitored to diagnose an associated rheumatic disease at its earliest stage.

• #34 Raynaud Disease – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK499833/

  As a result of vasoconstriction, pin and needles sensation, numbness or finger aches or pain are common complaints with Raynaud phenomenon attacks. If the Raynaud phenomenon attack is severe, typically with secondary Raynaud phenomenon, digital ulceration of the tips of fingers and toes may occur due to prolonged vasoconstriction with subsequent tissue ischemia. Eventual gangrene or loss of digits may occur in severe forms of Raynaud phenomenon attacks. In general, Raynaud phenomenon attacks are less severe in primary Raynaud phenomenon compared to secondary Raynaud phenomenon. […] With primary Raynaud phenomenon, spontaneous remission, whereby the patient has been free of Raynaud phenomenon attacks, may occur. Spontaneous remission is not seen with secondary Raynaud phenomenon. […] Severe Raynaud phenomenon may result in tissue ischemia, leading to necrosis followed by amputation of the affected area.

• #35 Raynaud’s phenomenon | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/raynauds-phenomenon

  The general response to secondary Raynauds phenomenon is to treat the underlying illness (such as lupus or rheumatoid arthritis). In severe cases, to prevent tissue damage you may be prescribed medication that dilates your blood vessels. […] In most cases, Raynauds phenomenon is harmless and has no lasting effects. However, in severe cases loss of blood flow can permanently damage the tissue. Complications of severe Raynauds phenomenon include: impaired healing of cuts and abrasions, increased susceptibility to infection, ulceration, tissue loss, scarring, gangrene.

• #36 Raynaud’s Phenomenon: Causes, Signs, and Treatment

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/raynauds-phenomenon-8643512

  The long-term outlook and prognosis for people with Raynauds depends on the severity and the type. […] Primary Raynauds is a benign condition. People with primary Raynauds typically have no lasting effects of the condition. […] However, some people living with primary Raynauds long-term will go on to show signs of an underlying condition that was yet to be diagnosed. In those cases, the diagnosis becomes secondary Raynauds. […] The outlook can be more complicated for people with secondary Raynauds. In these instances, there is a higher likelihood of developing scarring or pitting of the fingers due to long-lasting and frequent attacks.

• #37 Raynaud’s Disease (Causes, Symptoms and Treatment)

  https://patient.info/doctor/raynauds-phenomenon-pro

  An underlying disorder develops in 13% of cases of the primary form. […] Primary Raynaud’s disease may go into remission. […] Most patients have a stable course and over half improve over time. […] Secondary cases are more prone to be problematic – ulceration, scarring, or gangrene occur in 17% of people with Raynaud’s disease secondary to systemic sclerosis. […] Severe cases may lead to digital infarction and gangrene with loss of the tissue of the finger pulp or distal phalanx. […] The skin may become chronically ischaemic and ulcerate. […] The digit(s) may lose viability and require amputation in the very worst cases.

• #38 Raynaud’s Syndrome | Diagnosis & Disease Information

  https://www.rheumatologyadvisor.com/ddi/raynauds-syndrome/

  Primary Raynauds syndrome is considered a benign condition. Typically, its attacks are completely reversible and do not lead to ulceration or gangrene. However, secondary Raynauds syndrome can be associated with complications such as digital ischemia, ulcerations, and gangrene. […] Progression to secondary Raynaud syndrome has typically been noted within 5 years of initial diagnosis with primary Raynaud syndrome. […] Tissue ischemia associated with more severe Raynauds phenomenon may lead to necrosis and amputation. For this reason, for patients with connective tissue diseases like SSc, Raynauds syndrome is a major cause of pain and disability. Critical digital ischemia is a true medical emergency that occurs when digits are discolored permanently, and patients should be educated to seek urgent medical care if this symptom occurs. Often critically ischemic digits spontaneously auto-amputate.

• #39 Frequently Asked Questions – Raynaud’s Association

  https://www.raynauds.org/frequently-asked-questions/

  Sometimes the onset of Raynauds occurs months or years before a secondary, connective tissue disease presents itself. […] Some sufferers do find it worsens over the years, others find it gets less intense or symptoms simply disappear theres really no clear pattern for either future prognosis. What is important to know is that Raynauds tends to be a conditioned response. So, the more attacks you allow yourself to have, the more likely you are to have more frequent attacks and they can get progressively more severe. Repeated exposure to the cold and stress can aggravate the condition, increasing the frequency and severity of attacks. […] The importance of receiving medical help when ulcers are present cannot be overemphasized. Untreated ulcers could become infected or cause permanent blood vessel damage. In the most severe instances, surgery or amputation of fingertips or toes may be necessary.

• #40

  https://www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/diseases/raynaud.html

  Occupationally induced Raynaud’s phenomenon gradually gets worse if workers remain exposed to the condition that causes the problem. As the disorder gets worse, the attacks become stronger and more frequent. […] The latent period for vibration exposure can be as short as one year. As a general rule, severe exposure reduces the latent period. If the latent period for a group of workers is short, the disorder tends to appear more frequently. Also, in individuals with a short latent period, Raynaud’s phenomenon tends to progress to advanced stages faster. […] Workers with mild cases of vibration-induced Raynaud’s phenomenon may recover if the hazard that caused it is avoided. For severe cases, prescribed drugs may reduce the attacks. Treatment aims to reduce the number and severity of attacks and to prevent damage to the fingers and toes. […] If detected in the early stages, vibration-induced Raynaud’s phenomenon will not worsen as long as there is no further exposure to vibration. Early cases may improve, but advanced cases seldom do.

• #41 Understanding Raynaud’s Syndrome: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatments – BuzzRx

  https://www.buzzrx.com/blog/understanding-raynauds-syndrome-symptoms-causes-and-treatments

  During Raynaud’s attacks, the affected areas first turn pale, then turn blue, and feel cold and numb. As the skin warms or emotional stress is relieved, blood flow returns to the areas, causing them to change color again, tingle, throb, swell, or be painful. An attack can last about 15 minutes. […] With time, the small blood vessels can thicken, further restricting blood flow and making the symptoms worse. […] About 1 in 10 people with primary Raynaud’s disease go on to develop autoimmune disorders such as lupus. Secondary Raynaud’s disease is frequently associated with autoimmune diseases, including lupus, in which the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissues. […] Most cases of Raynaud’s can be managed with lifestyle changes, such as avoiding exposing the fingers or toes to cold temperatures; however, severe Raynaud’s may need to be treated with medications, Botox injections, or nerve surgery. Treatment for secondary Raynaud’s also involves treating the underlying disease.

• #42 Raynaud’s Syndrome: Symptoms, Types, Risk Factors & Treatment

  https://www.nanavatimaxhospital.org/blogs/raynauds-syndrome

  Raynauds Syndrome is a condition that affects blood flow to the extremities, primarily the fingers and toes, often triggered by cold temperatures or stress. It causes blood vessels to narrow excessively, leading to color changes, numbness, and pain. […] Key Symptoms of Raynauds Syndrome include color changes, numbness and tingling, cold sensitivity, and pain and swelling. Early diagnosis and treatment are crucial to managing symptoms and preventing complications like tissue damage. […] Recognizing the symptoms early can help you seek timely treatment: Color Changes in Fingers and Toes: White (reduced blood flow) Blue (oxygen deprivation) Red (return of blood flow). Numbness and Tingling: A pins and needles sensation during an episode. Cold Sensitivity and Pain: Difficulty handling cold objects or being in chilly environments. Warmth or Throbbing: Swelling and discomfort as blood flow resumes. If you experience these symptoms persistently, consult a healthcare professional for evaluation. […] Effective treatment focuses on managing symptoms and preventing complications.

• #43 Raynaud’s Disease Guide – Complete Care Shop

  https://www.completecareshop.co.uk/conditions-guides/raynaud-s-disease-condition-guide

  Raynauds disease cannot be cured, but treatments can help reduce the discomfort, pain and severity of attacks. […] Many people try pain relief medication, such as paracetamol or ibuprofen, during a Raynauds attack. […] If Raynauds symptoms are making it difficult to use your hands or feet, you may wish to explore living aids to help make your day-to-day life more comfortable and supported. […] Exercise can help improve circulation and reduce stress, which can be largely beneficial when living with Raynauds disease.

• #44 Raynaud’s Disease: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis & How to Treat

  https://www.healthprem.com/articles/raynauds-disease

  Raynauds isn’t usually a serious threat to your health, but it can be painful and may make it difficult to move your fingers and hands. Secondary Raynauds disease can severely restrict your blood supply, and in rare cases, may cause complications such as ulcers, scarring and even tissue death (gangrene).

• #45 Raynaud’s Disease | The Foundation to Advance Vascular Cures

  https://www.vascularcures.org/raynauds-disease

  Raynauds Disease (also called Raynauds Phenomenon) is a medical condition where the fingers of healthy individuals may become pale in response to severe cold, the effect is exaggerated in individuals. […] Even mild cold exposure can cause significant symptoms. […] During attacks, the small vessels that supply blood to the skin in the hands, and sometimes the toes, nose or ears constrict, resulting in numbness and a pale or bluish tint. […] While a decrease of attacks is achievable, there is no cure for Raynauds. […] See your doctor if you get worse or if you notice a finger sore.

• #46 Raynaud phenomenon Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/diseases-conditions/raynaud-phenomenon

  The outcome varies. It depends on the cause of the problem and how bad it is. […] Complications may include: Gangrene or skin ulcers may occur if an artery becomes completely blocked. This problem is more likely in people who also have arthritis or autoimmune conditions. Fingers may become thin and tapered with smooth shiny skin and nails that grow slowly. This is due to the poor blood flow to the areas.

• #47 Signs and Symptoms of Raynaud’s Disease – CRO

  https://www.crortho.com/hand-wrist-care/common-signs-and-symptoms-of-raynauds-disease/

  Hands may become swollen and painful when warmed. […] Extreme sensitivity to cold or sometimes to hot weather. […] Numbness, which is the same as when your hand or fingers, or toes go numb. In some cases, you cant feel light touch and in severe cases, your fingers/toes can fall asleep. […] After the phenomenon, when the blood returns, you may feel uncomfortable sensations such as excessive warmth, tingling, and throbbing. […] Skin sores or gangrene can occur in severe cases when Raynauds is left untreated for a long time. […] Raynauds Disease is not life-threatening, but there are severe complications when they are not treated at early stages. Since the symptoms are episodic, you may not know whether they are related to primary or secondary Raynauds disease. So, if you have any of the symptoms described above (regardless of their severity), it is critical to get it diagnosed immediately with your primary care physician or an orthopedic specialist. […] The loss of blood flow to the fingers or toes can cause skin sores or gangrene, both of which can be difficult to treat afterward and may require amputation in severe cases.

• #48 Raynaud’s phenomenon | Causes, symptoms, treatments

  https://versusarthritis.org/about-arthritis/conditions/raynauds-phenomenon/

  Although primary Raynauds phenomenon can be very uncomfortable, its not usually severe. […] Most people with Raynauds phenomenon will always have the condition, although it can improve with time. […] In some rare cases, your Raynauds may suddenly become more severe. This may need urgent attention. […] Look out for: ulcers or black areas on the fingers or toes, a colour change in fingers or toes that doesnt go away as quickly as usual, symptoms, particularly numbness, only affecting one side of the body, joint pain, skin rashes, muscle weakness. […] If you develop one of these symptoms, see your doctor or contact your nurse specialist, if you have one, as soon as possible.

• #49 Podiatry: Raynaud’s phenomenon – Leaflet library

  https://www.oxfordhealth.nhs.uk/leaflets/title/raynauds-phenomenon/

  Raynauds phenomenon is an exaggerated narrowing reaction of the arteries supplying the fingers, toes, ears or nose which causes pain and bluish-white, cold skin in the affected body part. […] The trigger of an episode is usually either exposure to cold or sudden temperature changes. Sometimes stress can also trigger it. This causes the arteries to narrow, which cuts off blood supply to the skin and trigger the symptoms. […] Raynauds symptoms may include: cold fingers and toes, skin turns white, then blue (for some people) before going bright red (after a matter of minutes or sometimes longer) whilst the blood flow returns, numbness, tingling, pain (stinging or throbbing). […] These symptoms are usually completely reversible but in severe cases there can be lasting damage and skin ulcers. […] If symptoms dont reverse and the extremity becomes ulcerated or deteriorates, urgent review and treatment from your GP or podiatrist (in the case of feet) is advised.

• #50 Raynaud’s phenomenon | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/a-to-z/raynauds-phenomenon/

  Secondary Raynauds may require more treatment and, in some cases, referral to a specialist. […] If your symptoms fail to improve, you may be prescribed nifedipine. This is the only medicine licensed to treat Raynauds phenomenon in the UK. It doesnt cure Raynauds, but can help to relieve the symptoms. […] In severe cases of Raynauds, the blood supply to an affected body part can become severely diminished. Without a constant supply of blood, the tissue in the body part will begin to die. This problem is rare and normally only occurs in secondary Raynauds.

• #51 Raynaud’s Phenomenon Symptoms, Diagnosis and Treatment | Orthopedists

  https://www.oamichigan.com/raynauds-phenomenon-symptoms-diagnosis-treatment/

  A physical examination, discussion of your medical history and blood tests can help diagnose Secondary Raynauds. […] General care can be taken to help prevent an attack of Primary Raynauds: Environmental triggers should be avoided, e.g., cold, vibration, etc. Emotional stress is another recognized trigger. Extremities should be kept warm, Smoking should be avoided. Consumption of caffeine and other stimulants and vasoconstrictors must be prevented. Raynauds may be aggravated by hormones and hormone regulators, such as hormonal contraception. […] Treatments for Secondary Raynauds are available to relieve symptoms, but most important, the underlying disease or condition should be the focus of treatment.

• #52 Raynaud’s Disease | Vascular Center | UC Davis Health

  https://health.ucdavis.edu/vascular/diseases/raynauds_disease.html

  Both Raynauds disease and Raynauds phenomenon are characterized by tri-phasic reaction in which the fingers or toes turn white, blue and then red. This reaction, which is caused by the sudden constriction of blood vessels, can result in numbness. Sometimes, the reaction can also affect the nose or ears. Severe cases may include ulcerations of the finger pads or the development of gangrene. […] The diagnosis of Raynauds disease or Raynauds phenomenon is made by a physician who evaluates the patient, including testing for underlying diseases or injuries that may be causing the reaction. […] There is no cure for Raynauds disease or Raynauds phenomenon. However, several steps can be taken to decrease the severity and frequency of the attacks. These include: Smoking cessation, Avoid sudden changes in temperature, such as going from warm air to air conditioning, Wear a coat, mittens and hat in cold weather (gloves allow cold air to surround fingers), Avoid trauma or vibration to the hands, Avoid excessive stress.

• #53 Raynaud’s Disease | Arthritis Foundation

  https://www.arthritis.org/diseases/raynaud-s-disease

  The goal of treatment is to keep episodes from happening and to ensure they dont interfere with your daily activities. In secondary Raynauds disease, the goal is to treat the disease responsible for the condition and to prevent ulcers and tissue damage. For most people with Raynauds disease, a conservative approach without medications is enough to control attacks. For people with more severe attacks, medications may be added. […] In severe cases that do not respond to other treatment and threaten to damage tissue, your doctor may recommend surgery. Surgical procedures include cutting the nerves that control the narrowing of blood vessels or surgery to widen the blood vessels.

• #54 Raynaud’s Phenomenon & Raynaud’s Syndrome | HSS Rheumatology

  https://www.hss.edu/condition-list_raynauds-phenomenon.asp

  For those whose Raynauds does not respond to behavior changes alone, medications can be added that dilate the blood vessels in the small extremities. These vasodilators help to prevent recurrences or to make them milder. In more severe cases, a nerve block that quiets the sympathetic nerves at the wrist can help the blood vessels dilate and end a painful episode. In the most severe cases that fail to respond to other treatments, a surgical procedure called a sympathectomy can allow the finger blood vessels to dilate. Its especially important to seek treatment if the Raynauds is severe enough to cause major, continuing pain or is associated with ulcers or infections of the fingers.

• #55 Raynaud’s Phenomenon | Comprehensive Rheumatology

  https://comprehensiverheumatology.com/index.html@p=295.html

  Primary Raynauds tends to be milder and responds better to conservative treatments. Secondary Raynauds (or Raynauds syndrome) can be more severe and more difficult to control. […] In milder cases, simple lifestyle changes may be all that one needs to control the disease. The more severe cases are treated with medications to prevent necrosis of digits and gangrene.

• #56 Raynaud’s Disease – Symptoms, Causes and Management | Max Hospital

  https://www.maxhealthcare.in/blogs/raynauds-disease-symptoms-and-causes

  While both types exhibit similar patterns of symptoms, their prognosis and treatment approaches differ based on their underlying causes and severity. […] In severe cases, prolonged blood flow restriction can cause tissue death (gangrene). This is a serious condition that may require surgical intervention, including the possible need for amputation of the affected digit. […] Regular follow-up with a healthcare provider is essential to monitor the condition, adjust treatments as needed, and address any complications promptly. […] Individual treatment plans vary based on the severity of the condition, the frequency of attacks, and whether Raynaud’s is primary or secondary. A healthcare provider can tailor treatment to the specific needs of the patient.

• #57 Raynaud’s Phenomenon — What are the Causes & Symptoms? | MHA

  https://muscha.org/raynauds-phenomenon/

  Raynauds phenomenon is a condition that can cause discomfort as the blood supply to your extremities becomes reduced. In general fingers and toes are affected, but other parts of your body such as nose, lips and ears can be affected too. […] With a Raynauds attack, this reaction is exaggerated. Blood vessels in your extremities narrow, starving the tissues of blood and causing the characteristic blue or white colour change. […] When this happens you may experience stinging pain, tingling and numbness in your fingers or toes. When blood flow returns, the skin turns from blue to red and finally back to the normal pink colour. […] Raynauds phenomenon doesnt usually cause permanent damage. However it can be a symptom of a more serious underlying illness, so its important to see your doctor if you experience it. […] In most cases, Raynauds phenomenon is harmless and has no lasting effects. However in severe cases loss of blood flow can permanently damage the tissue. […] Complications of severe Raynauds include: ulcers, tissue loss, scarring.

• #58 How to Manage Raynaud’s Disease | Performance Health

  https://www.performancehealth.com/articles/how-to-manage-raynauds-disease?srsltid=AfmBOorJbYjNBq8EtIKnxxw4mcGjPIcwCMUvoXA0rZuFh8x0Pxvl9JcE

  During an attack, the affected areas turn pure white due to diminished blood flow and feel ice cold. The skin may also take on a blue tinge due to the prolonged lack of oxygen and you will lose sensation in those areas with poor circulation. Episodes may last a few minutes or up to several hours. When the blood flow returns and circulation improves, the skin may turn red and a prickly feeling or stinging pain may occur. Symptoms can vary from mild to severe depending on the form of Raynauds. […] Symptoms usually start after the ages of 35 to 40. […] There is no cure for Raynauds Disease, instead treatment is aimed at keeping attacks from happening or limiting the ones that do occur, making the attacks less severe, preventing tissue damage, and avoiding the loss of finger and toe tissue.

• #59 Raynaud’s Syndrome: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention

  https://www.everydayhealth.com/blood-disorders/raynauds-syndrome/

  Raynauds syndrome occurs in episodes that last about 15 minutes or so. It affects certain parts of the body, namely the fingers and toes, when theyre exposed to cold temperatures, such as from holding frozen or cold items or shifting from humid temperatures outdoors to icy, cold air conditioning indoors, says Dr. Furst. Symptoms during an attack or episode include: Color Changes As your blood vessels constrict limiting circulation to your extremities, youll notice your skin change color to a pale blue to red or white. All people do not necessarily experience all three color changes. Feeling Cold and Numbness Because your fingers, toes, ears, nose, or other parts of the body arent receiving oxygen-rich blood, theyll feel cold, maybe even numb. Warmth Tingling or Throbbing Towards the end of an episode, your blood circulation will return, and the once-cold, blue parts of your body may feel sensations of tingling or throbbing as they warm back up again. Skin Ulcers or Gangrene During extended or frequent attacks, your skin may develop painful sores, especially on your fingertips. In worst case scenarios, this lack of circulation and oxygen to your fingers and toes can lead to gangrene, or tissue death. The hallmark symptoms of Raynauds are the color changes in the hands and toes, Furst says. Youll notice blue because theres not enough oxygen to the fingers at the time, then white because the blood vessels have completely shut off and theres no blood flow. Finally, red when theres a compensatory increase of the blood flow. For some people, its not always all three and its not always in that order, but symptoms of pain, tingling, and numbness usually accompany these color changes. An attack typically lasts a few minutes but may carry on for hours with the pain varying from person-to-person. But for most people, the symptoms are mild and not dangerous. Overall, Raynauds is a chronic condition but its intermittent in nature, meaning itll come and go. If you have secondary Raynauds syndrome, your prognosis depends on your underlying disease and how its managed. Both types are typically improved in the summer months and exacerbated in winter months, worse in duration, severity and frequency of attacks, Chawla says. But for most people living with Raynauds syndrome, know that the outlook is positive. Symptoms, in the primary case, may be inconvenient but they arent serious or life-threatening. You may have to make some lifestyle adjustments to avoid triggering episodes. In 10 percent of patients, attacks disappear completely, Chawla says.

• #60 Help, my fingers turn white in the cold! Raynaud’s disease | HealthPartners Blog

  https://www.healthpartners.com/blog/raynauds-disease/

  According to Beth Averbeck, HealthPartners Senior Medical Director for Primary Care, you might be experiencing Raynauds (pronounced ray-nose) disease a blood vessel disorder that limits blood flow in the extremities, usually in response to cold temperatures or stress. […] With Raynauds, your hands, feet or select fingers and toes will turn white, blue or both and take far longer to warm up than the rest of your body. Sometimes it can also affect your ears and nose. […] People with Raynauds have extra-sensitive blood vessels that become more narrow than normal, causing their hands and feet to feel temporarily cold and numb. […] Symptoms of Raynauds vary from person to person, but generally they can include: Cold hands and feet, Fingers, toes, hands, feet, ears or nose that turn white or blue due to cold or stress, Nail beds turning slightly blue, Numbness or tingling, A prickly sensation or throbbing feeling upon warming again, Extremities that feel icy cold but are warm to the touch. […] Symptoms of Raynauds include fingers that turn white or blue due to cold or stress.

• #61 Frequently Asked Questions – Raynaud’s Association

  https://www.raynauds.org/frequently-asked-questions/

  Raynauds (ray-NODES) is a disorder of the small blood vessels of the extremities, reducing blood flow. When exposed to cold, the blood vessels go into spasms, which may cause pain, numbness, throbbing and tingling. Emotional distress may also trigger such a response. The fingers are usually the primary affected areas, although toes, nose, ears and other extremities may be involved. In a typical case, fingers turn from white or blue (or both) within minutes of cold exposure then become red when they warm up. These color changes, which may vary from person to person, are an exaggeration of a normal response to cold exposure. A normal cold response in the hands is a blotchy red and white pattern. Raynauds-type color changes are distinctively different. […] Patients with the secondary form are more likely to suffer more serious problems from Raynauds, such as skin ulcers (which can cause serious long-term damage to the blood vessels) or even gangrene.

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