Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Addison’s disease – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/addisons-disease/symptoms-causes/syc-20350293

  Addison’s disease symptoms usually happen slowly, often over months. The disease may happen so slowly that people who have it might ignore the symptoms at first. […] Early symptoms of Addison’s disease can affect you in various ways. Some early symptoms can cause discomfort or loss of energy, including: Extreme tiredness, also called fatigue. Dizziness or fainting when standing after sitting or lying down. This is due to a type of low blood pressure called postural hypotension. Sweating due to low blood sugar, also called hypoglycemia. Upset stomach, diarrhea or vomiting. Pain in the stomach area, also called the abdomen. Muscle cramps, weakness, widespread pain or joint pain. […] Other early symptoms can cause changes in how you look, such as: Body hair loss. Areas of darkened skin, especially on scars and moles. These changes may be harder to see on Black or brown skin. Weight loss due to less hunger.

• #2 Addison’s Disease: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15095-addisons-disease

  Addisons disease is a chronic condition in which your adrenal glands dont produce enough of the hormones cortisol and aldosterone. […] Symptoms of Addisons disease include: Steadily worsening fatigue (most common symptom). Patches of dark skin (hyperpigmentation), especially around scars and skin creases and on your gums. Abdominal pain. Nausea and vomiting. Diarrhea. Loss of appetite and unintentional weight loss. Muscle pain, muscle spasms and/or joint pain. Dehydration. Low blood pressure, which can cause lightheadedness or dizziness upon standing. Changes in mood and behavior, such as irritability, depression and poor concentration. A craving for salty food. Low blood sugar (hypoglycemia). […] In some cases such as after an injury or severe illness or time of intense stress symptoms can come on quickly and cause a life-threatening event called an addisonian crisis or acute adrenal failure.

• #3

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/addisons-disease/

  Early-stage symptoms of Addison’s disease are similar to other more common health conditions, such as clinical depression or flu. You may experience: lack of energy or motivation (fatigue) […] Over time, these problems may become more severe and you may experience further symptoms, such as dizziness, fainting, cramps and exhaustion. You may also develop small areas of darkened skin, or darkened lips or gums. Although these symptoms are not always caused by Addison’s disease, you should see a GP so they can be investigated.

• #4 Symptoms & Causes of Adrenal Insufficiency & Addison’s Disease – NIDDK

  https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/endocrine-diseases/adrenal-insufficiency-addisons-disease/symptoms-causes

  The most common symptoms of adrenal insufficiency are chronic, or long-lasting, fatigue […] Other symptoms of adrenal insufficiency can include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, low blood pressure that drops further when you stand up, causing dizziness or fainting, irritability and depression, joint pain, craving salty foods, hypoglycemia, or low blood glucose, irregular or no menstrual periods, loss of interest in sex. […] People with Addisons disease may also have darkening of their skin. This darkening is most visible on scars; skin folds; pressure points such as the elbows, knees, knuckles, and toes; lips; and mucous membranes such as the lining of the cheek. […] Because symptoms of adrenal insufficiency come on slowly over time, they may be overlooked or confused with other illnesses. Sometimes symptoms appear for the first time during adrenal crisis. If you always feel tired, weak, or are losing weight, ask your health care professional if you might have adrenal insufficiency. Early treatment can help avoid an adrenal crisis.

• #5 Addison’s disease | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/glands/addisons-disease/

  Early-stage symptoms of Addisons disease are similar to other more common health conditions, such as depression or flu. You may experience: fatigue (lack of energy or motivation), muscle weakness, low mood, loss of appetite and unintentional weight loss, increased thirst. […] Over time, these problems may become more severe and you may experience further symptoms, such as dizziness, fainting, cramps and exhaustion. You may also develop small areas of darkened skin, or darkened lips or gums. […] Initial symptoms of Addisons disease can include: fatigue (lack of energy or motivation), lethargy (abnormal drowsiness or tiredness), muscle weakness, low mood (mild depression) or irritability, loss of appetite and unintentional weight loss, the need to urinate frequently, increased thirst, craving for salty foods.

• #6 Addison’s Disease: Symptoms, Causes, & Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/understanding-addisons-disease-symptoms

  Chronic fatigue is a frequent symptom of Addison’s disease. […] Addison’s disease, also known as primary adrenal insufficiency, has symptoms that are vague and nonspecific. Addison’s disease can be difficult to diagnose, and it often takes years for a diagnosis to be made. Symptoms of Addison’s disease include: Chronic fatigue and muscle weakness, Loss of appetite, inability to digest food, and weight loss, Low blood pressure (hypotension), which drops further when standing and can lead to dizziness, or even fainting, Blotching, dark tanning, and freckling of the skin, especially on sun-exposed areas of the body, as well as unexposed areas such as the gums. Darkened skin is particularly likely to occur on the forehead, knees, and elbows or along scars, skin folds, and creases, such as on the palms, Low blood sugar, including dangerously low levels (hypoglycemia), Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, Inability to deal with stress, Moodiness, irritability, and depression, Intolerance to heat or cold, Craving for salty foods, Abnormal periods in people who menstruate, Muscle pain spasms, Dehydration, Joint pain, Body hair loss and lower sexual drive in people assigned female at birth.

• #7 Addison’s disease: Overview of an uncommon but serious condition – Harvard Health

  https://www.health.harvard.edu/diseases-and-conditions/addisons-disease-overview-of-an-uncommon-but-serious-condition

  Addison’s disease is uncommon, thought to affect only about 100 to 140 out of every one million people. But if it’s left untreated, this condition that can cause fatigue, weight loss, and muscle weakness, among other serious symptoms. […] Addison’s disease symptoms usually come on gradually and include: marked fatigue, nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain, diarrhea, loss of appetite, weight loss, muscle and joint pain, muscle spasms, muscle weakness, dizziness when you stand up (caused by low blood pressure), mood changes, trouble concentrating, sudden salt cravings, loss of body hair, irregular menstrual periods, decreased libido. […] Hyperpigmentation, the appearance of dark patches on the skin, is often an early sign of Addison’s disease. […] Symptoms of Addison’s disease can be vague and develop slowly, so it’s easy to miss them. Let your doctor know if you always feel tired or weak, or if you’ve lost weight without trying to.

• #8 Addison Disease – Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/endocrine-and-metabolic-disorders/adrenal-disorders/addison-disease

  Addison disease is an insidious, usually progressive hypofunctioning of the adrenal cortex. It causes various symptoms, including hypotension and hyperpigmentation, and can lead to adrenal crisis with cardiovascular collapse. […] Weakness, fatigue, and orthostatic hypotension are early symptoms and signs of Addison disease. […] Hyperpigmentation is characterized by diffuse darkening of exposed and, to a lesser extent, unexposed portions of the body, especially on pressure points (bony prominences), skin folds, scars, and extensor surfaces. […] Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea often occur. […] The gradual onset and nonspecific nature of early symptoms often lead to an incorrect initial diagnosis of neurosis. […] Weight loss, dehydration, and hypotension are characteristic of the later stages of Addison disease.

• #9 Addison’s disease – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/addisons-disease/symptoms-causes/syc-20350293

  Addison’s disease symptoms usually happen slowly, often over months. The disease may happen so slowly that people who have it might ignore the symptoms at first. […] Early symptoms of Addison’s disease can affect you in various ways. Some early symptoms can cause discomfort or loss of energy, including: Extreme tiredness, also called fatigue. Dizziness or fainting when standing after sitting or lying down. This is due to a type of low blood pressure called postural hypotension. Sweating due to low blood sugar, also called hypoglycemia. Upset stomach, diarrhea or vomiting. Pain in the stomach area, also called the abdomen. Muscle cramps, weakness, widespread pain or joint pain. […] Other early symptoms can cause changes in how you look, such as: Body hair loss. Areas of darkened skin, especially on scars and moles. These changes may be harder to see on Black or brown skin. Weight loss due to less hunger.

• #10 Addison disease Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/diseases-conditions/addison-disease

  Symptoms of Addison disease may include any of the following: Abdominal pain […] Chronic diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting […] Darkening of the skin […] Dehydration […] Dizziness when standing up […] Low-grade fever […] Low blood sugar […] Low blood pressure, especially with a change in body position […] Extreme weakness, fatigue, and slow, sluggish movement […] Darker skin on the inside of the cheeks and lips (buccal mucosa) […] Salt craving (eating food with a lot of added salt) […] Weight loss with reduced appetite. Symptoms may not be present all the time. Many people have some or all of these symptoms when they have an infection or other stress on the body. Other times, they have no symptoms.

• #11 Addison’s Disease: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15095-addisons-disease

  Addisons disease is a chronic condition in which your adrenal glands dont produce enough of the hormones cortisol and aldosterone. […] Symptoms of Addisons disease include: Steadily worsening fatigue (most common symptom). Patches of dark skin (hyperpigmentation), especially around scars and skin creases and on your gums. Abdominal pain. Nausea and vomiting. Diarrhea. Loss of appetite and unintentional weight loss. Muscle pain, muscle spasms and/or joint pain. Dehydration. Low blood pressure, which can cause lightheadedness or dizziness upon standing. Changes in mood and behavior, such as irritability, depression and poor concentration. A craving for salty food. Low blood sugar (hypoglycemia). […] In some cases such as after an injury or severe illness or time of intense stress symptoms can come on quickly and cause a life-threatening event called an addisonian crisis or acute adrenal failure.

• #12 Addison’s disease – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/addisons-disease/symptoms-causes/syc-20350293

  Addison’s disease symptoms usually happen slowly, often over months. The disease may happen so slowly that people who have it might ignore the symptoms at first. […] Early symptoms of Addison’s disease can affect you in various ways. Some early symptoms can cause discomfort or loss of energy, including: Extreme tiredness, also called fatigue. Dizziness or fainting when standing after sitting or lying down. This is due to a type of low blood pressure called postural hypotension. Sweating due to low blood sugar, also called hypoglycemia. Upset stomach, diarrhea or vomiting. Pain in the stomach area, also called the abdomen. Muscle cramps, weakness, widespread pain or joint pain. […] Other early symptoms can cause changes in how you look, such as: Body hair loss. Areas of darkened skin, especially on scars and moles. These changes may be harder to see on Black or brown skin. Weight loss due to less hunger.

• #13 Addison’s disease | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/glands/addisons-disease/

  Early-stage symptoms of Addisons disease are similar to other more common health conditions, such as depression or flu. You may experience: fatigue (lack of energy or motivation), muscle weakness, low mood, loss of appetite and unintentional weight loss, increased thirst. […] Over time, these problems may become more severe and you may experience further symptoms, such as dizziness, fainting, cramps and exhaustion. You may also develop small areas of darkened skin, or darkened lips or gums. […] Initial symptoms of Addisons disease can include: fatigue (lack of energy or motivation), lethargy (abnormal drowsiness or tiredness), muscle weakness, low mood (mild depression) or irritability, loss of appetite and unintentional weight loss, the need to urinate frequently, increased thirst, craving for salty foods.

• #14 Addison’s disease – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/addisons-disease/symptoms-causes/syc-20350293

  Addison’s disease symptoms usually happen slowly, often over months. The disease may happen so slowly that people who have it might ignore the symptoms at first. […] Early symptoms of Addison’s disease can affect you in various ways. Some early symptoms can cause discomfort or loss of energy, including: Extreme tiredness, also called fatigue. Dizziness or fainting when standing after sitting or lying down. This is due to a type of low blood pressure called postural hypotension. Sweating due to low blood sugar, also called hypoglycemia. Upset stomach, diarrhea or vomiting. Pain in the stomach area, also called the abdomen. Muscle cramps, weakness, widespread pain or joint pain. […] Other early symptoms can cause changes in how you look, such as: Body hair loss. Areas of darkened skin, especially on scars and moles. These changes may be harder to see on Black or brown skin. Weight loss due to less hunger.

• #15 Addison’s disease: Signs and symptoms

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/186236

  Addisons disease is a condition where the adrenal glands do not produce enough hormones. In this article, we outline the symptoms. […] Diagnosing Addisons disease, also called adrenal insufficiency, can take some time because the initial signs and symptoms are similar to several other conditions, such as chronic fatigue syndrome, the flu, and depression. […] Signs and symptoms tend to develop slowly and may take some time to be recognized. […] Initial signs and symptoms include: fatigue, dizziness, lack of motivation, lack of drive, drowsiness and lethargy, muscle weakness, irritability, mild depression, changes in mood and personality, hypovolemia or low blood volume, unintentional weight loss, loss of body hair, lack of appetite, hypotension low blood pressure, difficulty in standing up, anxiety, diarrhea, vomiting, nausea, headache, muscle and joint pain, craving for foods with a high salt content, due to urinary loss of sodium, hypoglycemia low blood sugar, fainting, irregular menstrual periods, in some cases periods are missed completely, sexual dysfunction (in women), psychosis (very rare).

• #16 Addison disease Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/diseases-conditions/addison-disease

  Symptoms of Addison disease may include any of the following: Abdominal pain […] Chronic diarrhea, nausea, and vomiting […] Darkening of the skin […] Dehydration […] Dizziness when standing up […] Low-grade fever […] Low blood sugar […] Low blood pressure, especially with a change in body position […] Extreme weakness, fatigue, and slow, sluggish movement […] Darker skin on the inside of the cheeks and lips (buccal mucosa) […] Salt craving (eating food with a lot of added salt) […] Weight loss with reduced appetite. Symptoms may not be present all the time. Many people have some or all of these symptoms when they have an infection or other stress on the body. Other times, they have no symptoms.

• #17 Addison Disease: Early Detection and Treatment Principles | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2014/0401/p563.html

  Hyperpigmentation is the physical finding most characteristic of Addison disease, arising from continual stimulation of the corticotrophs in the anterior pituitary. […] Approximately 50% of persons with Addison disease caused by autoimmune adrenalitis develop another autoimmune disorder during their lifetime, necessitating lifelong vigilance for associated autoimmune conditions.

• #18 Addison Disease – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441994/

  Due to its variable presentation, a high index of suspicion for Addison disease is necessary when evaluating patients with nonspecific symptoms. These may include unexplained fatigue, poor appetite, chronic abdominal pain, or weight loss. Addisonian crisis is manifested by severe dehydration, confusion, refractory hypotension, and shock and is more likely to occur in primary adrenal insufficiency than secondary adrenal insufficiency. […] Physical evaluation should include an examination of the skin and mucous membranes for hyperpigmentation. Hyperpigmentation of skin and mucous membranes, a hallmark of Addison disease, is usually generalized and most prominent in sun-exposed and pressure areas. […] Hyperpigmentation may appear as bronzing of the skin or diffuse darkening or dark patches and occurs in almost all patients with Addison disease. However, there have been few reports of patients with adrenal insufficiency without hyperpigmentation. This may delay the diagnosis.

• #19 Addison’s Disease: Symptoms, Causes, & Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/understanding-addisons-disease-symptoms

  Chronic fatigue is a frequent symptom of Addison’s disease. […] Addison’s disease, also known as primary adrenal insufficiency, has symptoms that are vague and nonspecific. Addison’s disease can be difficult to diagnose, and it often takes years for a diagnosis to be made. Symptoms of Addison’s disease include: Chronic fatigue and muscle weakness, Loss of appetite, inability to digest food, and weight loss, Low blood pressure (hypotension), which drops further when standing and can lead to dizziness, or even fainting, Blotching, dark tanning, and freckling of the skin, especially on sun-exposed areas of the body, as well as unexposed areas such as the gums. Darkened skin is particularly likely to occur on the forehead, knees, and elbows or along scars, skin folds, and creases, such as on the palms, Low blood sugar, including dangerously low levels (hypoglycemia), Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, Inability to deal with stress, Moodiness, irritability, and depression, Intolerance to heat or cold, Craving for salty foods, Abnormal periods in people who menstruate, Muscle pain spasms, Dehydration, Joint pain, Body hair loss and lower sexual drive in people assigned female at birth.

• #20 Addison’s Disease Effects on Skin: Symptoms and Treatment

  https://www.healthline.com/health/addisons-disease-skin

  Addisons disease is a rare adrenal gland disease that causes various symptoms, including distinct skin effects like hyperpigmentation and vitiligo. […] Without treatment, Addisons disease can lead to a life threatening condition called Addisonian crisis. Symptoms may include severe pain, vomiting, diarrhea, and loss of consciousness. […] Hyperpigmentation is an early and usually distinct symptom of Addisons disease. It happens when certain areas of the skin become darker than the surrounding areas in different body parts. […] Although its less common than hyperpigmentation, some people with Addisons disease may develop vitiligo. This is a condition characterized by discolored skin patches that appear lighter than your natural skin tone. […] Addisons disease skin effects are linked to the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis.

• #21 What Are the Stages of Addison’s Disease?

  https://www.medicinenet.com/what_are_the_stages_of_addisons_disease/article.htm

  Addison’s disease symptoms progress slowly and tend to be nonspecific. So its often confused with other illnesses. […] Early-stage Addisons disease symptoms include: Fatigue, Nausea, Weight loss, Dizziness when you stand up after lying down or sitting. […] Other symptoms of Addisons disease include: Dark patches of skin, usually near scars, skin creases like your knuckles, and on mucous membranes like your gums (hyperpigmentation), White patches on your body (vitiligo), Abdominal pain, Vomiting, Diarrhea, Muscle weakness, Muscle spasms and pain, Joint pain, Poor appetite, Dehydration, Low blood pressure (hypotension), Low blood sugar levels, Depression, Irritability, Low sex drive, Irregular menstrual periods. […] There are five stages of progression in Addison’s disease: Stage 0: Normal adrenal function. Stage 1: You may have increased plasma renin with normal or low levels of aldosterone but no other abnormal results. Stage 2: You’re likely to have high renin levels and low aldosterone levels. Renin is an enzyme produced in your kidney. It helps regulate your blood pressure. With an ACTH stimulation test, your cortisol levels may have low or no response. Stage 3: Your ACTH levels increase, and you may have normal or low cortisol levels. ACTH or adrenocorticotropic hormone is made by your pituitary gland. It stimulates your adrenal gland to produce cortisol. Stage 4: There are very high levels of ACTH and low cortisol levels. You may also have symptoms of Addisons disease.

• #22 What Are the Stages of Addison’s Disease?

  https://www.medicinenet.com/what_are_the_stages_of_addisons_disease/article.htm

  Addison’s disease symptoms progress slowly and tend to be nonspecific. So its often confused with other illnesses. […] Early-stage Addisons disease symptoms include: Fatigue, Nausea, Weight loss, Dizziness when you stand up after lying down or sitting. […] Other symptoms of Addisons disease include: Dark patches of skin, usually near scars, skin creases like your knuckles, and on mucous membranes like your gums (hyperpigmentation), White patches on your body (vitiligo), Abdominal pain, Vomiting, Diarrhea, Muscle weakness, Muscle spasms and pain, Joint pain, Poor appetite, Dehydration, Low blood pressure (hypotension), Low blood sugar levels, Depression, Irritability, Low sex drive, Irregular menstrual periods. […] There are five stages of progression in Addison’s disease: Stage 0: Normal adrenal function. Stage 1: You may have increased plasma renin with normal or low levels of aldosterone but no other abnormal results. Stage 2: You’re likely to have high renin levels and low aldosterone levels. Renin is an enzyme produced in your kidney. It helps regulate your blood pressure. With an ACTH stimulation test, your cortisol levels may have low or no response. Stage 3: Your ACTH levels increase, and you may have normal or low cortisol levels. ACTH or adrenocorticotropic hormone is made by your pituitary gland. It stimulates your adrenal gland to produce cortisol. Stage 4: There are very high levels of ACTH and low cortisol levels. You may also have symptoms of Addisons disease.

• #23 Addison’s disease | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/glands/addisons-disease/

  Further symptoms of Addisons disease tend to develop gradually over months or years. However, additional stress, caused by another illness or an accident, for example, may cause your symptoms to suddenly get worse. […] You may go on to develop: low blood pressure when you stand up, which can cause dizziness and fainting, feeling sick (nausea), vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal, joint or back pain, muscle cramps, chronic exhaustion, which may cause depression, brownish discolouration of the skin, lips and gums (hyperpigmentation), particularly in the creases on your palms, on scars or on pressure points, such as your knuckles or knees, a reduced libido (lack of interest in sex), particularly in women. […] If Addisons disease is left untreated, the levels of hormones produced by the adrenal gland gradually decrease in the body. This causes your symptoms to get progressively worse and eventually lead to a life-threatening situation called an adrenal or Addisonian crisis.

• #24 Addison Disease: Early Detection and Treatment Principles | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2014/0401/p563.html

  Primary adrenal insufficiency, or Addison disease, has many causes, the most common of which is autoimmune adrenalitis. […] The clinical manifestations before an adrenal crisis are subtle and can include hyperpigmentation, fatigue, anorexia, orthostasis, nausea, muscle and joint pain, and salt craving. […] Symptoms are gradual and worsen over a period of years, making early diagnosis difficult. […] One of the first metabolic abnormalities to occur is an increase in plasma renin level, followed by the sequential development of other abnormalities, including a decreased response to adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation in the fifth stage. […] If symptoms of adrenal insufficiency are present but go undiagnosed, an addisonian crisis can occur. […] Addison disease is usually diagnosed after a significant stress or illness unmasks cortisol and mineralocorticoid deficiency, presenting as shock, hypotension, and volume depletion (adrenal or addisonian crisis).

• #25

  https://www2.hse.ie/conditions/addisons-disease/symptoms/

  You may go on to develop: low blood pressure when you stand up, which can cause dizziness and fainting, feeling sick (nausea), vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal, joint or back pain, muscle cramps, chronic exhaustion, which may cause depression, a reduced libido (lack of interest in sex), particularly in women. […] You may also experience a brownish discolouration of the skin, lips and gums. This is known as hyperpigmentation. It often occurs in the creases of your palms, on scars or on pressure points, such as your knuckles or knees. […] Some people with Addison’s disease also develop low blood sugar (hypoglycaemia). This can cause symptoms such as: difficulty concentrating, confusion, anxiety, unconsciousness (particularly in children). […] If Addisons disease is left untreated, the levels of hormones produced by the adrenal gland gradually decrease in the body. This causes your symptoms to get progressively worse. It eventually leads to a life-threatening situation called an adrenal or Addisonian crisis.

• #26 Addison Disease – Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/endocrine-and-metabolic-disorders/adrenal-disorders/addison-disease

  Addison disease is an insidious, usually progressive hypofunctioning of the adrenal cortex. It causes various symptoms, including hypotension and hyperpigmentation, and can lead to adrenal crisis with cardiovascular collapse. […] Weakness, fatigue, and orthostatic hypotension are early symptoms and signs of Addison disease. […] Hyperpigmentation is characterized by diffuse darkening of exposed and, to a lesser extent, unexposed portions of the body, especially on pressure points (bony prominences), skin folds, scars, and extensor surfaces. […] Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea often occur. […] The gradual onset and nonspecific nature of early symptoms often lead to an incorrect initial diagnosis of neurosis. […] Weight loss, dehydration, and hypotension are characteristic of the later stages of Addison disease.

• #27 Addison’s disease – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Addison%27s_disease

  Gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, abdominal pain, and vomiting are particularly common. […] Low aldosterone can cause affected people to crave salty foods, as well as develop low blood pressure that leads to dizziness upon standing. […] In women, low dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) can result in dry and itchy skin, loss of armpit and pubic hair, and reduced sexual drive. […] Young children with Addison’s disease may have insufficient weight gain and recurrent infections. […] Low cortisol also interferes with adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) regulation, sometimes resulting in the darkening of the skin and mucous membranes, particularly in areas exposed to sun or regular friction. […] An „adrenal crisis” or „Addisonian crisis” is a constellation of symptoms that indicates severe adrenal insufficiency.

• #28 Addison’s Disease: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15095-addisons-disease

  Symptoms of an addisonian crisis include: Extreme weakness. Sudden, severe pain in your lower back, belly or legs. Feeling restless, confused, afraid or other mental changes. Severe vomiting and diarrhea, potentially leading to dehydration. Low blood pressure. Loss of consciousness. […] The most common cause of Addisons disease is an autoimmune response, which occurs when your immune system attacks healthy tissues for an unknown reason. […] Symptoms dont usually develop until 90% of the adrenal cortex has been damaged, which can take several months to years. […] Addisons disease is treated by replacing the missing hormones, cortisol and aldosterone, with synthetic versions of them. […] The prognosis for Addisons disease is generally good. Although people who have Addisons disease will need to take medicine for the rest of their lives, they can live normal, healthy lives.

• #29 Adrenal Crisis: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/23948-adrenal-crisis

  The most common symptoms of an adrenal crisis include: Abdominal pain or pain in your side (flank). Long-lasting fatigue. Loss of appetite. Darker patches of skin (hyperpigmentation). Weakness. Unexplained weight loss. […] Other warning signs of adrenal crisis may include: Dehydration. Diarrhea. Dizziness, confusion, light-headedness, fainting or coma. Fever. Headache. Joint pain. Low blood glucose. Low blood pressure. Nausea and vomiting. Rapid breathing (respiratory rate). Rapid heart rate. […] If you suspect you’re having an adrenal crisis, seek treatment immediately. High doses of glucocorticoids aren’t harmful over a short period. Death may result if you don’t seek immediate treatment. […] Most people who’ve had an adrenal crisis must take hydrocortisone pills for the rest of their lives. Always have extra medicine available in case you become ill and need more.

• #30 Addison’s disease | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/glands/addisons-disease/

  During an adrenal crisis, the symptoms of Addisons disease appear quickly and severely. This could happen when you’re already experiencing initial symptoms or without any symptoms at all. […] Signs of an adrenal crisis include: severe dehydration, pale, cold, clammy skin, sweating, rapid, shallow breathing, dizziness, severe vomiting and diarrhoea, severe muscle weakness, headache, severe drowsiness or loss of consciousness.

• #31

  https://www.addisonsdisease.org.uk/emergency

  Each year, typically 8% of people with Addison’s disease experience adrenal crisis. This means they need extra steroid medication immediately, in the form of an emergency injection of intra-muscular hydrocortisone. […] Adrenal crisis danger signs include: Extreme weakness, feeling terrible, vomiting, headache. Light-headedness or dizziness on sitting up or standing up. Feeling very cold, uncontrollable shaking; back, limb or abdominal pain. Confusion, drowsiness, loss of consciousness. […] In an emergency, people with Addison’s Disease (or anyone who is „steroid-dependent”) may experience symptoms of extreme weakness, a significant drop in blood pressure, drowsiness or mental confusion. This is known as an „adrenal crisis” (or „Addisonian crisis”) and means they need extra steroid medication immediately, in the form of an emergency injection of intra-muscular hydrocortisone.

• #32 Addison’s Disease: Symptoms, Causes, & Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/understanding-addisons-disease-symptoms

  Because symptoms of Addison’s disease progress slowly, they may go unrecognized until a physically stressful event such as another illness, surgery, or an accident worsens symptoms quickly. When this happens, it’s called an Addisonian crisis. Symptoms of an Addisonian crisis include: Shock, when the body does not get enough blood flow, Multiple organ failure, including kidneys, if the blood circulation cannot be restored, Sudden penetrating pain in the lower back, abdomen, or legs, Severe vomiting and diarrhea, followed by dehydration, Fever, Weakness and fatigue, Low blood pressure, Loss of consciousness.

• #33 Addison Disease: Practice Essentials, Epidemiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/116467-overview

  Signs and symptoms of chronic Addison disease can include the following: Hyperpigmentation, Vitiligo, Weakness, Fatigue, Poor appetite, Weight loss, Nausea, Vomiting, Occasional diarrhea, Dizziness with orthostasis, Myalgias and flaccid muscle paralysis, Joint pains, Heightened sense of smell, taste, and hearing, Salt craving, Impotence and decreased libido may occur in male patients, History of amenorrhea in female patients. […] Signs and symptoms of acute Addison disease can include the following: Patients in acute adrenal crisis most often have prominent nausea, vomiting, and vascular collapse; they may be in shock and appear cyanotic and confused, Abdominal symptoms may take on features of an acute abdomen, Patients may have hyperpyrexia, with temperatures reaching 105 F or higher, and may be comatose, In acute adrenal hemorrhage, the patient, usually in an acute care setting, deteriorates with sudden collapse, abdominal or flank pain, and nausea with or without hyperpyrexia. […] With slow-onset chronic Addison disease, significant low-level, nonspecific, but debilitating, symptomatology may occur. Even after diagnosis and treatment, the risk of death is more than 2-fold higher in patients with Addison disease.

• #34 Addison’s disease: Overview of an uncommon but serious condition – Harvard Health

  https://www.health.harvard.edu/diseases-and-conditions/addisons-disease-overview-of-an-uncommon-but-serious-condition

  Adrenal crisis usually occurs if a person stops taking their hydrocortisone, or they have a significant illness or injury even if they are taking their usual adrenal replacement doses. In both cases, there is not enough cortisol circulating in the blood to fully support essential bodily functions. Symptoms of an adrenal crisis include: nausea and vomiting, abdominal pain, marked lightheadedness with standing, extreme weakness or fatigue, confusion. […] If left untreated, blood pressure can dip so low that you go into shock.

• #35 Addison’s Disease: Symptoms, Causes, & Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/understanding-addisons-disease-symptoms

  Because symptoms of Addison’s disease progress slowly, they may go unrecognized until a physically stressful event such as another illness, surgery, or an accident worsens symptoms quickly. When this happens, it’s called an Addisonian crisis. Symptoms of an Addisonian crisis include: Shock, when the body does not get enough blood flow, Multiple organ failure, including kidneys, if the blood circulation cannot be restored, Sudden penetrating pain in the lower back, abdomen, or legs, Severe vomiting and diarrhea, followed by dehydration, Fever, Weakness and fatigue, Low blood pressure, Loss of consciousness.

• #36 Addison’s disease – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/addisons-disease/symptoms-causes/syc-20350293

  Early Addison’s disease symptoms also can affect emotions, mental health and desires. These symptoms include: Depression. Irritable mood. Lower sex drive in women. Salt craving. […] Sometimes the symptoms of Addison’s disease become worse fast. If this happens, it’s an emergency known as an adrenal crisis. […] Without fast treatment, an adrenal crisis can lead to death. […] See a healthcare professional if you have common symptoms of Addison’s disease, such as: Long-lasting fatigue. Muscle weakness. Loss of appetite. Darkened areas of skin. Weight loss that doesn’t happen on purpose. Serious upset stomach, vomiting or stomach pain. Lightheadedness or fainting with standing. Salt cravings. […] Stress on the body such as injury, infection or illness can trigger adrenal crisis. Typically, the adrenal glands make two or three times the usual amount of cortisol in response to physical stress. But with adrenal insufficiency, the adrenal glands don’t make enough cortisol to meet this need. And that can lead to adrenal crisis. […] Adrenal crisis results in low blood pressure, low blood levels of sugar and high blood levels of potassium. This complication needs treatment right away.

• #37 Primary Adrenal Insufficiency (Addison’s Disease) – National Adrenal Diseases Foundation

  https://www.nadf.us/primary-adrenal-insufficiency-addisons-disease.html

  Unfortunately, the slowly progressive chronic symptoms are usually missed or ignored until an unexpected event like a flu virus, an accident, or the need for surgery suddenly precipitates a dramatic change for the worse because of the deficient response from the adrenals to one of these stresses. This is referred to as an adrenal crisis and is a medical emergency.

• #38

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/addisons-disease/treatment/

  If you have Addison’s disease, you’ll need to take daily medicine to replace the lost hormones. This should help you to live an active life, although many people find they still need to manage their fatigue. […] However, bouts of fatigue are also common, and it can take some time to learn how to manage these periods of low energy. […] Some people can develop associated health conditions, such as diabetes or an underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism), which require extra treatment and management. […] Failing to take your medicine could lead to a serious condition called an adrenal crisis, so you must: […] Signs of an adrenal crisis include: severe dehydration, pale, cold, clammy skin, sweating, rapid, shallow breathing, dizziness, low blood pressure (hypotension), severe diarrhoea and vomiting, abdominal pain or pain in the side, fatigue and severe muscle weakness, headaches, severe drowsiness or loss of consciousness.

• #39 Addison’s disease – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/addisons-disease/symptoms-causes/syc-20350293

  Early Addison’s disease symptoms also can affect emotions, mental health and desires. These symptoms include: Depression. Irritable mood. Lower sex drive in women. Salt craving. […] Sometimes the symptoms of Addison’s disease become worse fast. If this happens, it’s an emergency known as an adrenal crisis. […] Without fast treatment, an adrenal crisis can lead to death. […] See a healthcare professional if you have common symptoms of Addison’s disease, such as: Long-lasting fatigue. Muscle weakness. Loss of appetite. Darkened areas of skin. Weight loss that doesn’t happen on purpose. Serious upset stomach, vomiting or stomach pain. Lightheadedness or fainting with standing. Salt cravings. […] Stress on the body such as injury, infection or illness can trigger adrenal crisis. Typically, the adrenal glands make two or three times the usual amount of cortisol in response to physical stress. But with adrenal insufficiency, the adrenal glands don’t make enough cortisol to meet this need. And that can lead to adrenal crisis. […] Adrenal crisis results in low blood pressure, low blood levels of sugar and high blood levels of potassium. This complication needs treatment right away.

• #40 Early warning signs of Addison’s disease | Top Doctors

  https://www.topdoctors.co.uk/medical-articles/early-warning-signs-of-addison-s-disease

  Addisons disease can occur at any age, but most people are between 30 and 50 years when it develops there are approximately 8,000 UK patients at any one time. […] Unfortunately, the clinical signs and symptoms are slow at onset and dont appear until 90% of the adrenal cortex has been destroyed. During this time, the patient is likely to have experienced the following: generalised weakness, low blood pressure when standing, chronic fatigue, weight loss (mostly from anorexia, partly from dehydration), extreme sensitivity to drugs such as narcotics, being nauseated and even sick, craving for salty foods, cramps and pains in muscles and stomachs, spasmodic bouts of loose bowel movements or constipation, irregular or ceased periods, loss of axillary and pubic hair. […] Unfortunately, many people dont get a diagnosis until they are in a life-threatening adrenal crisis brought on by stress caused by illness, trauma or surgery. At this point these signs and symptoms will be present: dehydration, abnormally high blood pressure or shock which is out of proportion to the severity of current illness, nausea and vomiting with a history of weight loss and anorexia, severe abdominal pain mimicking acute disease or injury to an internal organ, unexplained lack of glucose in the blood sugars, unexplained fever, investigations including abnormally low sodium levels; higher than usual potassium levels, higher than usual calcium levels or higher than usual white blood cells called eosinophils, other autoimmune endocrine deficiencies such as hypothyroidism or type I diabetes, or family history of organ specific autoimmune endocrine diseases. […] Once in adrenal failure there will additionally be skin pigmentation changes which manifest around: the creases of the hands, gums and the inside of the mouth (which starts to look bluish), recent scars, pressure points like elbows, armpits.

• #41

  https://www2.hse.ie/conditions/addisons-disease/symptoms/

  Addison’s disease can be difficult to detect at first. This is because early symptoms are similar to symptoms of many other health conditions. […] Initial symptoms of Addison’s disease can include: fatigue (lack of energy or motivation), lethargy (abnormal drowsiness or tiredness), muscle weakness, low mood (mild depression) or irritability, loss of appetite and unintentional weight loss, the need to urinate frequently, increased thirst, craving for salty foods. […] Dehydration can also be an early sign of Addisons disease. It’s caused by lack of the hormone aldosterone in your body. This hormone is used to regulate the balance of salt and water. […] More symptoms of Addisons disease tend to develop over months or years. Extra stress may cause your symptoms to suddenly get worse. For example, stress caused by another illness or an accident.

• #42 Addison’s Disease: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment

  https://patient.info/signs-symptoms/tiredness-fatigue/addisons-disease

  Addison’s disease is a condition in which your adrenal glands are not working as well as they should. In Addison’s disease the adrenal glands do not produce as much of the steroid hormones (such as cortisol) as they normally do. These hormones are vital for your body and if you do not have enough of them, you can become very unwell. If the level of these hormones becomes very low, it can be life-threatening. Treatment is with replacement hormone tablets which you need to take every day. […] In many cases the symptoms develop gradually over weeks or months. As the level of cortisol gradually falls you may develop one or more of the following: General weakness and becoming easily tired. Darkened areas of skin (pigmentation). This happens in Addison’s disease (but not other types of adrenal insufficiency), because when the pituitary gland produces higher levels of the hormone ACTH, to try to get the adrenal glands to work harder, it also produces a different hormone that causes skin darkening.

• #43 Addison disease – UF Health

  https://ufhealth.org/conditions-and-treatments/addison-disease

  Symptoms of Addison disease may include any of the following: […] Symptoms may not be present all the time. Many people have some or all of these symptoms when they have an infection or other stress on the body. Other times, they have no symptoms.

• #44 Addison’s disease | NHS inform

  https://www.nhsinform.scot/illnesses-and-conditions/glands/addisons-disease/

  Further symptoms of Addisons disease tend to develop gradually over months or years. However, additional stress, caused by another illness or an accident, for example, may cause your symptoms to suddenly get worse. […] You may go on to develop: low blood pressure when you stand up, which can cause dizziness and fainting, feeling sick (nausea), vomiting, diarrhoea, abdominal, joint or back pain, muscle cramps, chronic exhaustion, which may cause depression, brownish discolouration of the skin, lips and gums (hyperpigmentation), particularly in the creases on your palms, on scars or on pressure points, such as your knuckles or knees, a reduced libido (lack of interest in sex), particularly in women. […] If Addisons disease is left untreated, the levels of hormones produced by the adrenal gland gradually decrease in the body. This causes your symptoms to get progressively worse and eventually lead to a life-threatening situation called an adrenal or Addisonian crisis.

• #45 Addison Disease – Endocrine and Metabolic Disorders – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/endocrine-and-metabolic-disorders/adrenal-disorders/addison-disease

  Addison disease is an insidious, usually progressive hypofunctioning of the adrenal cortex. It causes various symptoms, including hypotension and hyperpigmentation, and can lead to adrenal crisis with cardiovascular collapse. […] Weakness, fatigue, and orthostatic hypotension are early symptoms and signs of Addison disease. […] Hyperpigmentation is characterized by diffuse darkening of exposed and, to a lesser extent, unexposed portions of the body, especially on pressure points (bony prominences), skin folds, scars, and extensor surfaces. […] Anorexia, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea often occur. […] The gradual onset and nonspecific nature of early symptoms often lead to an incorrect initial diagnosis of neurosis. […] Weight loss, dehydration, and hypotension are characteristic of the later stages of Addison disease.

• #46 Addison Disease in Children | Cedars-Sinai

  https://www.cedars-sinai.org/health-library/diseases-and-conditions—pediatrics/a/addisons-disease-in-children.html

  Mild symptoms may only occur when a child is under physical stress. Symptoms may include: Muscle weakness, Fatigue, Dizziness, Fast pulse, Dark skin, first seen on hands and face, Black freckles, Bluish-black color around the nipples, mouth, rectum, scrotum, or vagina, Weight loss, Dehydration, Loss of appetite, Intense salt craving, Muscle aches, Nausea, Vomiting, Diarrhea, Intolerance to cold. […] The most common cause of Addison disease is damage to the adrenal glands caused by an autoimmune condition. […] Mild symptoms of Addison disease may only appear when a child is under physical stress. Symptoms may include muscle weakness, fatigue, and dizziness. […] If left untreated, Addison disease may lead to severe weakness, kidney failure, and shock. […] Stressful events, such as surgery, infection, or injury, can cause severe symptoms of Addison.

• #47 Addison Disease in Children – Stanford Medicine Children’s Health

  https://www.stanfordchildrens.org/en/topic/default?id=addison-disease-in-children-90-P01979

  Mild symptoms may only occur when a child is under physical stress. Symptoms may include: Muscle weakness, Fatigue, Dizziness, Fast pulse, Dark skin, first seen on hands and face, Black freckles, Bluish-black color around the nipples, mouth, rectum, scrotum, or vagina, Weight loss, Dehydration, Loss of appetite, Intense salt craving, Muscle aches, Nausea, Vomiting, Diarrhea, Intolerance to cold. […] Mild symptoms of Addison disease may only appear when a child is under physical stress. Symptoms may include muscle weakness, fatigue, and dizziness. […] If left untreated, Addison disease may lead to: Severe weakness, Kidney failure, and Shock.

• #48 Addison’s Disease: Symptoms, Causes, & Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/understanding-addisons-disease-symptoms

  Chronic fatigue is a frequent symptom of Addison’s disease. […] Addison’s disease, also known as primary adrenal insufficiency, has symptoms that are vague and nonspecific. Addison’s disease can be difficult to diagnose, and it often takes years for a diagnosis to be made. Symptoms of Addison’s disease include: Chronic fatigue and muscle weakness, Loss of appetite, inability to digest food, and weight loss, Low blood pressure (hypotension), which drops further when standing and can lead to dizziness, or even fainting, Blotching, dark tanning, and freckling of the skin, especially on sun-exposed areas of the body, as well as unexposed areas such as the gums. Darkened skin is particularly likely to occur on the forehead, knees, and elbows or along scars, skin folds, and creases, such as on the palms, Low blood sugar, including dangerously low levels (hypoglycemia), Nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, Inability to deal with stress, Moodiness, irritability, and depression, Intolerance to heat or cold, Craving for salty foods, Abnormal periods in people who menstruate, Muscle pain spasms, Dehydration, Joint pain, Body hair loss and lower sexual drive in people assigned female at birth.

• #49 Addison Disease: Early Detection and Treatment Principles | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2014/0401/p563.html

  Hyperpigmentation is the physical finding most characteristic of Addison disease, arising from continual stimulation of the corticotrophs in the anterior pituitary. […] Approximately 50% of persons with Addison disease caused by autoimmune adrenalitis develop another autoimmune disorder during their lifetime, necessitating lifelong vigilance for associated autoimmune conditions.

• #50

  https://www.addisonsdisease.org.uk/what-is-addisons-disease

  People with adrenal failure typically report some or all of the following symptoms: fatigue or overwhelming exhaustion […] deepening skin pigmentation (looking like the person has a sun tan even when they haven’t been out in the sun) […] dizziness or light-headedness on standing […] low blood pressure […] salt cravings […] weight loss […] poor appetite […] nausea or vomiting […] difficulty concentrating (brain fog) […] muscle weakness with cramps […] headaches […] stomach pains. […] As it can be an autoimmune condition, people with Addisons disease and adrenal insufficiency may have other autoimmune conditions either themselves or present in their immediate family. These can include thyroid disorders, diabetes, vitiligo, coeliac disease or B12 deficiency. […] Managing Addison’s disease can be challenging, but were here to support you. Although Addisons is a life-long condition, it can be treated successfully with replacement hormones. People with Addisons can have a normal life span and lead full and active lives. The ADSHG has members who live well into their 90s. […] This is because Addisons and adrenal insufficiency is a life-long condition, it can seriously affect a persons ability to do normal day-to-day activities and is fatal if left untreated.

• #51

  https://www.addisonsdisease.org.uk/what-is-addisons-disease

  People with adrenal failure typically report some or all of the following symptoms: fatigue or overwhelming exhaustion […] deepening skin pigmentation (looking like the person has a sun tan even when they haven’t been out in the sun) […] dizziness or light-headedness on standing […] low blood pressure […] salt cravings […] weight loss […] poor appetite […] nausea or vomiting […] difficulty concentrating (brain fog) […] muscle weakness with cramps […] headaches […] stomach pains. […] As it can be an autoimmune condition, people with Addisons disease and adrenal insufficiency may have other autoimmune conditions either themselves or present in their immediate family. These can include thyroid disorders, diabetes, vitiligo, coeliac disease or B12 deficiency. […] Managing Addison’s disease can be challenging, but were here to support you. Although Addisons is a life-long condition, it can be treated successfully with replacement hormones. People with Addisons can have a normal life span and lead full and active lives. The ADSHG has members who live well into their 90s. […] This is because Addisons and adrenal insufficiency is a life-long condition, it can seriously affect a persons ability to do normal day-to-day activities and is fatal if left untreated.

• #52

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/addisons-disease/treatment/

  If you have Addison’s disease, you’ll need to take daily medicine to replace the lost hormones. This should help you to live an active life, although many people find they still need to manage their fatigue. […] However, bouts of fatigue are also common, and it can take some time to learn how to manage these periods of low energy. […] Some people can develop associated health conditions, such as diabetes or an underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism), which require extra treatment and management. […] Failing to take your medicine could lead to a serious condition called an adrenal crisis, so you must: […] Signs of an adrenal crisis include: severe dehydration, pale, cold, clammy skin, sweating, rapid, shallow breathing, dizziness, low blood pressure (hypotension), severe diarrhoea and vomiting, abdominal pain or pain in the side, fatigue and severe muscle weakness, headaches, severe drowsiness or loss of consciousness.

• #53 Addison’s disease: What is the life expectancy?

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/addisons-disease-life-expectancy

  With appropriate and ongoing treatment, most people with Addisons disease can expect to lead active lives with a life expectancy similar to that of the general population. […] The two hormones deficient in Addisons disease, cortisol and aldosterone, play crucial roles in many essential bodily functions. […] By remaining consistent with the medications, learning how to manage times of stress, and recognizing and treating an adrenal crisis, most people with Addisons disease can engage in normal activities and enjoy an average lifespan. […] However, it is important to acknowledge the potential for complications and the need for careful management. […] Addisons disease is generally a slow and gradual destruction of the adrenal gland, leading to a decrease in cortisol and aldosterone levels.

• #54 Addison’s Disease: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15095-addisons-disease

  Symptoms of an addisonian crisis include: Extreme weakness. Sudden, severe pain in your lower back, belly or legs. Feeling restless, confused, afraid or other mental changes. Severe vomiting and diarrhea, potentially leading to dehydration. Low blood pressure. Loss of consciousness. […] The most common cause of Addisons disease is an autoimmune response, which occurs when your immune system attacks healthy tissues for an unknown reason. […] Symptoms dont usually develop until 90% of the adrenal cortex has been damaged, which can take several months to years. […] Addisons disease is treated by replacing the missing hormones, cortisol and aldosterone, with synthetic versions of them. […] The prognosis for Addisons disease is generally good. Although people who have Addisons disease will need to take medicine for the rest of their lives, they can live normal, healthy lives.

• #55

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/addisons-disease/treatment/

  If you have Addison’s disease, you’ll need to take daily medicine to replace the lost hormones. This should help you to live an active life, although many people find they still need to manage their fatigue. […] However, bouts of fatigue are also common, and it can take some time to learn how to manage these periods of low energy. […] Some people can develop associated health conditions, such as diabetes or an underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism), which require extra treatment and management. […] Failing to take your medicine could lead to a serious condition called an adrenal crisis, so you must: […] Signs of an adrenal crisis include: severe dehydration, pale, cold, clammy skin, sweating, rapid, shallow breathing, dizziness, low blood pressure (hypotension), severe diarrhoea and vomiting, abdominal pain or pain in the side, fatigue and severe muscle weakness, headaches, severe drowsiness or loss of consciousness.

• #56 Addison’s disease: What is the life expectancy?

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/addisons-disease-life-expectancy

  The speed of the progression can vary. However, once it advances to significantly low levels of the hormones, the following symptoms become noticeable: always feeling tired, muscle weakness, decreased appetite, losing weight, abdominal pain. […] Because the symptoms are vague and slow to progress, some people attribute them to other illnesses. […] With proper management and treatment, most people with Addisons disease can live a typical and active life. […] With proper management, people with Addisons disease can plan to live active lives and have a typical life expectancy with few limitations.

• #57 Addison’s Disease – Endocrine Surgery | UCLA Health

  https://www.uclahealth.org/medical-services/surgery/endocrine-surgery/patient-resources/patient-education/endocrine-surgery-encyclopedia/addisons-disease

  Addison’s disease results from damage to the adrenal cortex, which causes decreased production of adrenocortical hormones. […] Symptoms: Extreme weakness, Fatigue, Unintentional weight loss, Nausea and vomiting, Chronic diarrhea, Loss of appetite, Darkening of the skin – patchy skin color, Mouth lesions on the inside of a cheek (buccal mucosa) – pigmentation, Slow, sluggish, lethargic movement, Changes in the blood pressure or heart rate, Salt craving. […] Expectations (prognosis): With adequate replacement therapy, most people with Addison’s disease are able to lead normal lives.

• #58 Addison’s Disease | Baptist Health

  https://www.baptisthealth.com/care-services/conditions-treatments/hormonal/addisons-disease

  The most common Addison’s Disease symptoms are nausea, vomiting, fever, and fatigue. […] Additional symptoms include: Dehydration, Loss of appetite, Low blood pressure, Slower heart rate, Muscle weakness, Muscle pain, Weight loss, Salt craving, Reduced blood sugar, Diarrhea, Irritability, Fainting, Depression, Trouble sleeping, Body hair loss, Darkening skin, Mouth sores, Cold sensitivity, Stomach pain. […] An Addisonian crisis is a life-threatening medical emergency. During an Addisonian crisis, your body does not have enough cortisol and cannot break down proteins. This results in a sudden drop in blood pressure that leads to shock. These situations require immediate medical attention at a hospital or urgent care clinic. Without treatment, death may occur within 24 hours. […] Symptoms of an Addisonian crisis: Extreme mood change, High fever, Sudden back pain, Sudden belly pain, Sudden leg pain, Severe weakness, Unconsciousness, Delirium, Paleness. […] The Addison’s Disease prognosis is generally good. If you have Addison’s Disease, your life expectancy is not shortened. However, it is a chronic disease that usually requires lifelong treatment.

• #59

  https://www.addisonsdisease.org.uk/what-is-addisons-disease

  People with adrenal failure typically report some or all of the following symptoms: fatigue or overwhelming exhaustion […] deepening skin pigmentation (looking like the person has a sun tan even when they haven’t been out in the sun) […] dizziness or light-headedness on standing […] low blood pressure […] salt cravings […] weight loss […] poor appetite […] nausea or vomiting […] difficulty concentrating (brain fog) […] muscle weakness with cramps […] headaches […] stomach pains. […] As it can be an autoimmune condition, people with Addisons disease and adrenal insufficiency may have other autoimmune conditions either themselves or present in their immediate family. These can include thyroid disorders, diabetes, vitiligo, coeliac disease or B12 deficiency. […] Managing Addison’s disease can be challenging, but were here to support you. Although Addisons is a life-long condition, it can be treated successfully with replacement hormones. People with Addisons can have a normal life span and lead full and active lives. The ADSHG has members who live well into their 90s. […] This is because Addisons and adrenal insufficiency is a life-long condition, it can seriously affect a persons ability to do normal day-to-day activities and is fatal if left untreated.

• #60 Addison’s disease – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Addison%27s_disease

  Characteristic symptoms are sudden penetrating pain in the legs, lower back, or abdomen, severe vomiting and diarrhea, resulting in dehydration, low blood pressure, syncope, hypoglycemia, confusion, psychosis, slurred speech, severe lethargy, hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, hypercalcemia, convulsions, and fever. […] Outcomes are typically good when treated. Most people can expect to live relatively normal lives. […] Someone with the disease should be observant of symptoms of an „Addison’s crisis” while the body is strained, as in rigorous exercise or being sick, the latter often needing emergency treatment with intravenous injections to treat the crisis. […] Individuals with Addison’s disease have more than a doubled mortality rate. […] Death for individuals with Addison’s disease often occurs due to cardiovascular disease, infectious disease, and malignant tumors, among other possibilities.

• #61

  https://www.parkwayshenton.com.sg/conditions-diseases/addisons-disease/symptoms-causes

  In long-term Addison’s disease, depleted hormones can impact all body systems, causing significant complications that include higher risk of death due to infections, cancer, and cardiovascular causes, neurological conditions due to persistent low blood sugar, Cushing syndrome if there is excessive steroid replacement, stunted growth in children, and ovarian dysfunction in women.

• #62 Addison Disease – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441994/

  Addison disease is a life-threatening condition that requires accurate diagnosis and prompt treatment. A delayed diagnosis carries a high morbidity and mortality. Thus, the condition is best managed by an interprofessional team of healthcare workers, including an endocrinologist, an intensivist, an infectious disease specialist, and a pharmacist.

• #63 Addison Disease: Early Detection and Treatment Principles | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2014/0401/p563.html

  Primary adrenal insufficiency, or Addison disease, has many causes, the most common of which is autoimmune adrenalitis. […] The clinical manifestations before an adrenal crisis are subtle and can include hyperpigmentation, fatigue, anorexia, orthostasis, nausea, muscle and joint pain, and salt craving. […] Symptoms are gradual and worsen over a period of years, making early diagnosis difficult. […] One of the first metabolic abnormalities to occur is an increase in plasma renin level, followed by the sequential development of other abnormalities, including a decreased response to adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation in the fifth stage. […] If symptoms of adrenal insufficiency are present but go undiagnosed, an addisonian crisis can occur. […] Addison disease is usually diagnosed after a significant stress or illness unmasks cortisol and mineralocorticoid deficiency, presenting as shock, hypotension, and volume depletion (adrenal or addisonian crisis).

• #64 Addison Disease – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK441994/

  Addison disease usually manifests as an insidious and gradual onset of nonspecific symptoms, often resulting in a delayed diagnosis. The symptoms may worsen over a period, which makes early recognition difficult. A high clinical suspicion should be maintained to avoid misdiagnosis. […] In many cases, the diagnosis is made only after the patient presents with an acute adrenal crisis manifesting with hypotension, hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, and hypoglycemia. The diagnosis is established by demonstrating low cortisol and aldosterone levels, high renin levels, and a blunt cortisol response with ACTH stimulation. Addison crisis is a severe endocrine emergency; immediate recognition and treatment are required. […] Addison disease can occur at any age but most often presents during the second or third decades of life. The initial presenting features include fatigue, generalized weakness, weight loss, nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, dizziness, tachycardia, and hypotension.

• #65 Addison’s Disease | Temple Health

  https://www.templehealth.org/services/conditions/addisons-disease

  Addisons disease symptoms get worse over time and can mimic other conditions. Your doctor will use lab and imaging tests to diagnose this chronic disease. Blood tests show hormone and mineral levels and may detect the antibodies attacking your adrenal glands. CT or MRI scans reveal adrenal or pituitary disorders. Your doctor may give you an injection to see how your body responds to higher hormone levels. […] Addisons disease symptoms include: Loss of appetite and salt craving, Weight loss, Muscle weakness or cramps, Fatigue, Low blood pressure, dizziness or fainting, Blotchy or darkened skin, Nausea, vomiting and abdominal pain.

• #66 Addison’s Disease: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/15095-addisons-disease

  Symptoms of an addisonian crisis include: Extreme weakness. Sudden, severe pain in your lower back, belly or legs. Feeling restless, confused, afraid or other mental changes. Severe vomiting and diarrhea, potentially leading to dehydration. Low blood pressure. Loss of consciousness. […] The most common cause of Addisons disease is an autoimmune response, which occurs when your immune system attacks healthy tissues for an unknown reason. […] Symptoms dont usually develop until 90% of the adrenal cortex has been damaged, which can take several months to years. […] Addisons disease is treated by replacing the missing hormones, cortisol and aldosterone, with synthetic versions of them. […] The prognosis for Addisons disease is generally good. Although people who have Addisons disease will need to take medicine for the rest of their lives, they can live normal, healthy lives.

• #67 Adrenal Insufficiency | Endocrine Society

  https://www.endocrine.org/patient-engagement/endocrine-library/adrenal-insufficiency

  The goal of treatment is to ensure proper hormone levels day-to-day. You may need daily replacement of hormones for life. You will take glucocorticoids to replace the cortisol your body no longer makes. You may also need mineralocorticoids if your body does not make aldosterone (a hormone that regulates blood pressure). Extra glucocorticoids may be needed during times of stress, such as serious illness or surgery. Your doctor will provide personalized advice on adjusting medicines for stress. Understanding your disease and knowing when and how to adjust your medications can help you live a long and healthy life with AI.

• #68 Addison’s Disease – familydoctor.org

  https://familydoctor.org/condition/addisons-disease/

  When symptoms are sudden or quickly get worse, it is called acute adrenal failure. Sometimes it’s called Addisonian crisis. This can lead to death if not treated. If you have any of the following symptoms, get medical help immediately: Sudden, intense pain in your lower back, abdomen, or legs, Severe vomiting and diarrhea (which can lead to dehydration), Lower than normal blood pressure, High levels of potassium and low levels of sodium. […] Living with Addison’s disease involves learning to live with the unpleasant symptoms. In addition, you need to prepare for the possibility of Addisonian crisis. This is a medical emergency that requires you to: Always carry a medical alert card and bracelet. This gives emergency medical workers information about your condition. Keep extra medicine with you in case you forget to take your medicine. Ask your doctor for an injectable form of corticosteroids for use in an emergency. Tell your doctor if your symptoms change or if your medicines stop working the way they used to.

• #69

  https://www2.hse.ie/conditions/addisons-disease/

  Early symptoms of Addison’s disease are like other more common health conditions. For example depression or flu. […] You may experience: lack of energy or motivation (fatigue), muscle weakness, low mood, loss of appetite and unintentional weight loss, increased thirst. […] Over time, these problems may become more severe. You may experience further symptoms, such as dizziness, fainting, cramps and exhaustion. You may also develop small areas of darkened skin, or darkened lips or gums. […] Symptoms of Addison’s disease can be controlled. Most people with the condition have a normal lifespan. They are able to live an active life with few limitations. […] People with Addison’s disease must be aware of the risk of their symptoms suddenly getting worse. This could be an adrenal crisis. This can happen when the levels of cortisol in your body fall significantly. […] An adrenal crisis is a medical emergency. If left untreated, it can be fatal.

• #70 Adrenal Crisis: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/23948-adrenal-crisis

  The most common symptoms of an adrenal crisis include: Abdominal pain or pain in your side (flank). Long-lasting fatigue. Loss of appetite. Darker patches of skin (hyperpigmentation). Weakness. Unexplained weight loss. […] Other warning signs of adrenal crisis may include: Dehydration. Diarrhea. Dizziness, confusion, light-headedness, fainting or coma. Fever. Headache. Joint pain. Low blood glucose. Low blood pressure. Nausea and vomiting. Rapid breathing (respiratory rate). Rapid heart rate. […] If you suspect you’re having an adrenal crisis, seek treatment immediately. High doses of glucocorticoids aren’t harmful over a short period. Death may result if you don’t seek immediate treatment. […] Most people who’ve had an adrenal crisis must take hydrocortisone pills for the rest of their lives. Always have extra medicine available in case you become ill and need more.

• #71

  https://www.addisonsdisease.org.uk/emergency

  Each year, typically 8% of people with Addison’s disease experience adrenal crisis. This means they need extra steroid medication immediately, in the form of an emergency injection of intra-muscular hydrocortisone. […] Adrenal crisis danger signs include: Extreme weakness, feeling terrible, vomiting, headache. Light-headedness or dizziness on sitting up or standing up. Feeling very cold, uncontrollable shaking; back, limb or abdominal pain. Confusion, drowsiness, loss of consciousness. […] In an emergency, people with Addison’s Disease (or anyone who is „steroid-dependent”) may experience symptoms of extreme weakness, a significant drop in blood pressure, drowsiness or mental confusion. This is known as an „adrenal crisis” (or „Addisonian crisis”) and means they need extra steroid medication immediately, in the form of an emergency injection of intra-muscular hydrocortisone.

• #72 Adrenal Insufficiency | Endocrine Society

  https://www.endocrine.org/patient-engagement/endocrine-library/adrenal-insufficiency

  The goal of treatment is to ensure proper hormone levels day-to-day. You may need daily replacement of hormones for life. You will take glucocorticoids to replace the cortisol your body no longer makes. You may also need mineralocorticoids if your body does not make aldosterone (a hormone that regulates blood pressure). Extra glucocorticoids may be needed during times of stress, such as serious illness or surgery. Your doctor will provide personalized advice on adjusting medicines for stress. Understanding your disease and knowing when and how to adjust your medications can help you live a long and healthy life with AI.

• #73 Addison’s disease: What is the life expectancy?

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/addisons-disease-life-expectancy

  With appropriate and ongoing treatment, most people with Addisons disease can expect to lead active lives with a life expectancy similar to that of the general population. […] The two hormones deficient in Addisons disease, cortisol and aldosterone, play crucial roles in many essential bodily functions. […] By remaining consistent with the medications, learning how to manage times of stress, and recognizing and treating an adrenal crisis, most people with Addisons disease can engage in normal activities and enjoy an average lifespan. […] However, it is important to acknowledge the potential for complications and the need for careful management. […] Addisons disease is generally a slow and gradual destruction of the adrenal gland, leading to a decrease in cortisol and aldosterone levels.

• #74 Addison’s disease | Endocrine Conditions

  https://www.yourhormones.info/endocrine-conditions/addisons-disease/

  Although Addison’s disease is a lifelong condition, it can be very successfully treated with daily medication and patients can lead full and active lives. […] There are no long-term implications provided that tablets are taken, the advice given above is followed, and treatment is regularly monitored (at least once a year).

• #75 Primary Adrenal Insufficiency (Addison’s Disease) – National Adrenal Diseases Foundation

  https://www.nadf.us/primary-adrenal-insufficiency-addisons-disease.html

  Primary Adrenal Insufficiency, also called Addisons disease, is a severe or total deficiency of the hormones made in the adrenal cortex, caused by its destruction. […] Classical Addisons disease results from a loss of both cortisol and aldosterone secretion due to the near total or total destruction of both adrenal glands. […] What are the symptoms of Addisons Disease? A chronic, steadily worsening fatigue, loss of appetite, and some weight loss. Blood pressure is low and falls further when a person is standing, producing lightheadedness. Nausea, sometimes with vomiting, and diarrhea are common. The muscles are weak and often go into spasm. There are often emotional changes, particularly irritability and depression. Because of salt loss, a craving for salty foods is common. Increase in ACTH due to the loss of cortisol will usually produce a darkening of the skin that may look like an inappropriate tan on a person who feels very sick.

• #76

  https://www.addisonsdisease.org.uk/what-is-addisons-disease

  People with adrenal failure typically report some or all of the following symptoms: fatigue or overwhelming exhaustion […] deepening skin pigmentation (looking like the person has a sun tan even when they haven’t been out in the sun) […] dizziness or light-headedness on standing […] low blood pressure […] salt cravings […] weight loss […] poor appetite […] nausea or vomiting […] difficulty concentrating (brain fog) […] muscle weakness with cramps […] headaches […] stomach pains. […] As it can be an autoimmune condition, people with Addisons disease and adrenal insufficiency may have other autoimmune conditions either themselves or present in their immediate family. These can include thyroid disorders, diabetes, vitiligo, coeliac disease or B12 deficiency. […] Managing Addison’s disease can be challenging, but were here to support you. Although Addisons is a life-long condition, it can be treated successfully with replacement hormones. People with Addisons can have a normal life span and lead full and active lives. The ADSHG has members who live well into their 90s. […] This is because Addisons and adrenal insufficiency is a life-long condition, it can seriously affect a persons ability to do normal day-to-day activities and is fatal if left untreated.

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