Materiały źródłowe

• #1 6 Pancreatitis Nursing Care Plans – Nurseslabs

  https://nurseslabs.com/pancreatitis-nursing-care-plans/

  Use this nursing care plan and management guide to help care for patients with pancreatitis. Enhance your understanding of nursing assessment, interventions, goals, and nursing diagnosis, all specifically tailored to address the unique needs of individuals facing pancreatitis. This guide equips you with the necessary information to provide effective and specialized care to patients dealing with pancreatitis. […] Nursing care management of patients with pancreatitis includes relief of pain and discomfort caused by pancreatitis, improvement of nutritional status, improving respiratory function, and improvement of fluid and electrolyte status. […] The following are the nursing priorities for patients with pancreatitis: Manage pain and discomfort associated with pancreatitis. Monitor and stabilize vital signs. Administer intravenous fluids and maintain hydration. NPO (nothing by mouth) status and provide nutritional support as necessary. Administer appropriate medications for pain control and to manage inflammation. Monitor pancreatic enzyme levels and pancreatic function. Address complications such as infection or pseudocysts. Educate patients on dietary modifications and lifestyle changes to prevent future episodes.

• #2 Pancreatitis Nursing Care and Management: Study Guide

  https://nurseslabs.com/pancreatitis/

  Learn about the nursing care management of patients with pancreatitis in this nursing study guide. […] The patient who is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of pancreatitis is acutely ill and needs expert nursing care. […] Nursing assessment of a patient with pancreatitis involves: Assessment of current nutritional status and increased metabolic requirements. Assessment of respiratory status. Assessment of fluid and electrolyte status. Assessment of sources of fluid and electrolyte loss. Assessment of abdomen for ascites. […] Based on the assessment data, the nursing diagnoses for a patient with pancreatitis include: Acute pain related to edema, distention of the pancreas, and peritoneal irritation. Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements related to inadequate dietary intake, impaired pancreatic secretions, and increased nutritional needs. Ineffective breathing pattern related to splinting from severe pain, pulmonary infiltrates, pleural effusion, and atelectasis.

• #3 Pancreatitis Diagnosis & Nursing Care Plan | Nurse.com

  https://www.nurse.com/clinical-guides/pancreatitis/?srsltid=AfmBOoo7L6thcTF-mHMhoPwVa3WYwLv8O_6JQoPX-an0AebTIDBHBUTW

  Treatment starts with aggressive IV fluid replacement with Ringers Lactate. Intravenous electrolyte replacement should coincide with fluid replacement. Antibiotics are given prophylactically in moderate to severe pancreatitis to prevent infected necrosis and improve morbidity and mortality. Enteral feedings should be started immediately in individuals who cannot tolerate eating by mouth. […] Use the nursing process to develop a plan of care for individuals. The nursing assessment (with common findings listed), diagnoses, interventions, expected outcomes, and education for pancreatitis are listed below. […] Assess signs and symptoms, such as: Vital signs, History of gallbladder disease or recent ERCP, Alcohol use, Current smoker, Hypertriglyceridemia, GI symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea, Stools containing fat, Abdominal pain characteristics (severity, duration, quality, and location), Fluid status, Nutritional intake, Respiratory rate and pattern, Breath sounds, Heart rate and rhythm, Abdominal tenderness, Jaundice, Weight loss, Diaphoresis, Mental status, Grey-Turner sign (ecchymosis of the flanks), Cullens sign (ecchymosis around the umbilicus).

• #3 Pancreatitis Diagnosis & Nursing Care Plan | Nurse.com

  https://www.nurse.com/clinical-guides/pancreatitis/?srsltid=AfmBOoo7L6thcTF-mHMhoPwVa3WYwLv8O_6JQoPX-an0AebTIDBHBUTW

  Monitor vital signs, Provide analgesia as ordered, Administer medications as ordered, Provide oral or enteral nutrition within 24 hours of admission, Promote bedrest, Decrease noxious odors, Administer antacids as ordered, Monitor intake and output, Monitor for nausea/vomiting, Monitor daily weight, Monitor for increased abdominal girth, Monitor mental status, Monitor skin for signs of petechiae, Keep suction apparatus at the bedside, Administer IV fluids as ordered, Monitor laboratory results, Replace electrolytes as ordered, Insert nasogastric tube if ordered, Monitor glucose levels as ordered, Encourage choice of food to prevent nausea. […] Verbalizes relief of pain, Demonstrates no evidence of organ damage, Shows no recurrent episodes of pancreatitis, Normalization of laboratory values, Understands disease process and how to prevent a recurrence, Changes in lifestyle to prevent a recurrence. […] Notify healthcare provider or seek immediate medical care for: Return of previous symptoms, Fever 100.4F, Worsening abdominal pain, Return of nausea or vomiting, Changes in mental status. […] Lifestyle changes to prevent a recurrence: Smoking cessation, Eliminate or decrease alcohol consumption.

• #4 6 Pancreatitis Nursing Care Plans – Nurseslabs

  https://nurseslabs.com/pancreatitis-nursing-care-plans/

  Therapeutic interventions and nursing actions for patients with pancreatitis may include: Relieving Pain and Discomfort. Restoring Fluid Volume Loss from Vomiting and Diarrhea. Promoting Adequate Nutrition Balance. Providing Infection Control and Minimizing Infection Risk. Initiating Patient Education and Health Teachings. Administering Medications and Providing Pharmacologic Support. […] Patients with pancreatitis are at increased risk of developing infections due to several factors. The inflammation and tissue damage caused by pancreatitis can weaken the body’s immune defenses, leading to a higher susceptibility to infection. Additionally, complications such as infected pancreatic necrosis or biliary sepsis can occur, further increasing the risk of infection. […] Review the specific cause of the current episode and prognosis. Provides a knowledge base on which patients can make informed choices. Discuss other causative and associated factors such as excessive alcohol intake, gallbladder disease, duodenal ulcer, hyperlipoproteinemias, some drugs (oral contraceptives, thiazides, furosemide [Lasix], isoniazid [INH], glucocorticoids, sulfonamides). Avoidance may help limit damage and prevent the development of a chronic condition.

• #5 Pancreatitis – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/pancreatitis/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20360233

  Our caring team of Mayo Clinic experts can help you with your pancreatitis-related health concerns […] There is no specific medicine to treat pancreatitis. Treatment begins with a hospital stay to manage symptoms and complications. These include: […] Pain medicines. Pancreatitis can cause severe pain. Your healthcare team will give you medicines to help control the pain. […] Intravenous (IV) fluids. You will receive fluids through a vein in your arm to keep you hydrated. […] Nutrition. You will begin eating again when you can do so without vomiting or pain. In some cases, a feeding tube is used. […] Chronic pancreatitis often causes severe, long-term pain. In addition to prescribing medicine, your healthcare professional will look for causes or complications of chronic pancreatitis that cause pain. Treatments may include procedures to improve drainage from the pancreas or injections to block nerve signals from the pancreas to the brain. You may be referred to a pain specialist. […] Your doctor may refer you to a dietitian who can help you plan low-fat meals that are high in nutrients.

• #6 Pancreatitis Practice Questions with Answers & NCLEX Reviewplay-sharp-fill

  https://simplenursing.com/pancreatitis-nclex-practice-questions-review/

  Assist in NPO feeding. […] Perform insertion of a nasogastric tube (NGT) for suction. […] Administer prescribed IV pain meds, like Hydromorphone, as needed (no morphine). […] Morphine is not used because it can exacerbate the disease with increased pancreatic neutrophil infiltration resulting in further necrosis. […] Monitor vital signs, including fluid intake and output, diet, pain levels, and glucose levels (hyperglycemia = insulin). […] Alcohol misuse, certain drugs, or conditions like gallstones can all lead to a painful condition in the pancreas called pancreatitis. There are two types of pancreatitis; acute and chronic. […] Prompt treatment is required in acute pancreatitis, as organ failure can occur. It is frequently brought on by gallstones or binge drinking, but it can also be brought on by abdominal trauma, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) side effects, surgery on the pancreas or gallbladder, or gallstones. […] Chronic pancreatitis is a slow-moving condition caused by autoimmune diseases, cystic fibrosis, inflammatory bowel disease, diabetes, and alcoholism (like lupus erythematosus).

• #7 Acute Pancreatitis Interventions – Pancreatic Disorders for Nursing RN

  https://www.picmonic.com/pathways/nursing/courses/standard/medical-surgical-nursing-pathophysiology-296/pancreatic-disorders-1424/acute-pancreatitis-interventions_1872

  Opioids are often used for acute pancreatitis. Pain medications can be given with an antispasmodic agent; however, atropine and other anticholinergic drugs should be avoided in the presence of a paralytic ileus due to its effects of decreasing GI mobility. Place the patient in a position of comfort, typically on side with legs drawn to chest. […] Albumin is a plasma volume expander, which is often given in the presence of shock to help replace blood volume. […] Lactated Ringers solution or other electrolyte solutions are given as part of an aggressive hydration treatment plan to help correct fluid and electrolyte imbalances. In patients with persistent hypotension, vasoactive drugs such as dopamine may also be used to increase systemic vascular resistance. The replacement of calcium and magnesium may also be needed.

• #8 Acute Pancreatitis Nursing Care Plan & Management ~ Nursing Path

  https://www.nursingpath.in/2017/01/acute-pancreatitis-nursing-care-plan.html

  Acute Pancreatitis Nursing Care Plan Management […] Nursing Diagnosis […] Pain and discomfort related to edema, distention of the pancreas, and peritoneal irritation. […] Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements related to inadequacy dietary intake, impaired absorption, reduced food intake, and increased metabolic demands. […] Activity intolerance related to fatigue. […] Ineffective breathing pattern related to severe pain, pulmonary infiltrates, pleural effusion and atelactasis. […] Impaired skin integrity resulting from poor nutritional status, bed rest, surgical wound. […] Fear in response to the diagnosis of pancreatitis. […] Ineffective coping related to the diagnosis of pancreatitis. […] Nursing Management […] The client should avoid oral intake to inhibit pancreatic stimulation and secretion of pancreatic enzymes. […] Total parenteral nutrition is administered to assist with metabolic stress. […] Maintain fluid and electrolyte balance. […] Assess fluid and electrolyte status (e.g. skin turgor, mucous membranes, intake and output); and provide replacement therapy as indicated. […] Promote adequate nutrition. […] Assess nutritional status; monitor glucose levels; monitor IV therapy, provide a high-carbohydrate, low-protein, low-fat diet when tolerate; and instruct the client to avoid spicy foods. […] Maintain optimal respiratory status. […] Place the client in semi-Fowlers position to decrease pressure on the diaphragm. […] Teach the client coughing and deep-breathing techniques. […] Institute measures to prevent complications of immobility, such as impaired skin integrity, constipation, and deep vein thrombosis. […] Monitor for complications, which may include fluid and electrolyte disturbances, pancreatic necrosis, shock, and multiple organ failure. […] Administer prescribed medications, which may include opioid or nonopioid analgesics, histamine receptor antagonists, and proton-pump inhibitors. […] Maintain patent nasogastric suctioning to relieve nausea and vomiting, decrease painful abdominal distention, and remove hydrochloric acid.

• #9 Pancreatitis: Nursing Diagnoses, Care Plans, Assessment & Interventions | NurseTogether

  https://www.nursetogether.com/pancreatitis-nursing-diagnosis-care-plan/

  Nurses can expect to care for patients with pancreatitis in inpatient settings. The pain associated with inflammation and the need for IV fluids requires some patients with pancreatitis to be hospitalized. The nurse can also expect to provide education regarding lifestyle changes such as avoiding alcohol and smoking and making diet changes. […] Nursing interventions and care are essential for the patients recovery. In the following section, you’ll learn more about possible nursing interventions for a patient with pancreatitis. […] Within the first 24 hours, patients require rapid intravenous (IV) hydration. Aggressive fluid resuscitation is crucial, especially in the early stages of pancreatitis. Patients should be kept NPO if nausea, vomiting, or abdominal pain is present. […] Enteral feedings may begin once abdominal pain subsides. This is accomplished through a nasogastric (NG) tube.

• #10 Pancreatitis: Nursing Diagnoses, Care Plans, Assessment & Interventions | NurseTogether

  https://www.nursetogether.com/pancreatitis-nursing-diagnosis-care-plan/

  Total parenteral nutrition (TPN) may be advised for patients who cannot tolerate NG feedings. The TPN solution contains enough fat emulsions to prevent essential fatty acid insufficiency. […] Pain associated with pancreatitis can be caused by inflammation of the pancreas and obstruction of the biliary ducts. […] Patients with pancreatitis may not know what triggered the onset and what they can do, or what they can avoid, to help symptoms from recurring. […] Patients with pancreatitis can experience an imbalance in nutrition due to their lack of appetite and impaired digestion from inflammation in the pancreas. […] Acute pancreatitis can cause physical symptoms like abdominal pain and distension and chemical changes in the body, which can ultimately affect lung function, causing ineffective breathing patterns and decreased oxygen levels in the blood. […] Acute pancreatitis can cause complications with perfusion to the pancreas and surrounding organs.

• #11

  https://journals.lww.com/nursing/fulltext/2016/08000/understanding_acute_pancreatitis.9.aspx

  Monitor patients for early signs and symptoms of complications, such as increased abdominal pain and tenderness, fever, and WBC count. Changes in mental status are early signs of impending respiratory failure or shock. […] Routine nursing care should include the following: Assess for a bluish discoloration around the umbilicus (Cullen sign) or a reddish-brown discoloration along the flanks (Grey-Turner sign); these may indicate hemorrhagic pancreatitis or expelled exudates from necrotic areas. Notify the healthcare provider immediately if you see these signs. […] When gallstone pancreatitis is being managed conservatively, provide written dietary instructions and teach patients to follow a low-fat diet to reduce gallbladder stimulation and to notify their healthcare provider at the first sign of recurrent pain, nausea, or vomiting.

• #12 Acute Pancreatitis Interventions – Pancreatic Disorders for Nursing RN

  https://www.picmonic.com/pathways/nursing/courses/standard/medical-surgical-nursing-pathophysiology-296/pancreatic-disorders-1424/acute-pancreatitis-interventions_1872

  Proton pump inhibitors work by decreasing hydrochloric (HCl) acid secretion, as HCl acid stimulates pancreatic activity. A common PPI prescribed is omeprazole (Prilosec). […] In the presence of necrotizing pancreatitis, patients often develop infection as the inflamed and necrotic pancreatic tissue is a good medium for bacterial growth. Administer antibiotics as prescribed. […] Acute pancreatitis related to gallstones requires an endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) plus endoscopic sphincterotomy. This can be followed by laparoscopic cholecystectomy to prevent reoccurrence. […] It is important to stay properly nourished to aid with recovery. When able to eat, small, frequent high carbohydrate, high protein, low fat meals should be consumed. To avoid irritation, consume bland foods with no spices and avoid GI stimulants, such as caffeine or alcohol.

• #13 6 Pancreatitis Nursing Care Plans – Nurseslabs

  https://nurseslabs.com/pancreatitis-nursing-care-plans/

  Medications involved in the management of pancreatitis may include analgesics to relieve pain, such as nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) or opioids, proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) or H2 blockers to reduce gastric acid secretion and antibiotics to treat or prevent infections, particularly in cases of infected necrosis or suspected bacterial translocation.

• #14 Chronic Pancreatitis Nursing Management – RNpedia

  https://www.rnpedia.com/nursing-notes/medical-surgical-nursing-notes/chronic-pancreatitis-nursing-management/

  Provide symptomatic treatment, focusing on relieving pain, promoting comfort and treating new attacks. […] Emphasize the importance of avoiding alcohol, caffeine, and foods that tend to cause abdominal discomfort. […] Manage any endocrine insufficiency, such as diabetes mellitus, by initiating dietary and insulin or oral hypoglycemic therapy. […] Administer prescribed medications, which include pancreatic enzymes, nonopioid pain medications, antacids, histamine receptor antagonists, and proton-pump inhibitors. […] Administer hyperalimentation and lipids, if indicated. […] Resume oral intake with clear liquids and advance diet slowly to provide high-protein, high-carbohydrate diet, when indicated. […] Provide medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) (MCT, Portagen). […] Administer medications as indicated: Vitamins: A,D,E,K;

• #15 6 Pancreatitis Nursing Care Plans – Nurseslabs

  https://nurseslabs.com/pancreatitis-nursing-care-plans/

  Goals and expected outcomes may include: The client will report relief/control of pain. The client will follow the prescribed therapeutic regimen. The client will verbalize nonpharmacologic methods that provide relief. The client will demonstrate the use of relaxation skills and diversional activities, as indicated, for the individual situation. The client will maintain adequate hydration as evidenced by stable vital signs, good skin turgor, prompt capillary refill, strong peripheral pulses, and individually appropriate urinary output. The client will demonstrate progressive weight gain toward the goal with normalization of laboratory values. The client will experience no signs of malnutrition. The client will demonstrate behaviors, and lifestyle changes to regain and/or maintain an appropriate weight. The client will demonstrate adequate fluid balance as evidenced by stable vital signs, palpable pulses (good quality); normal skin turgor, moist mucous membranes; individual appropriate urinary output; lack of excessive weight fluctuation; and no edema present. The client will maintain fluid volume at a functional level as evidenced by individually adequate urinary output, and stable vital signs.

• #16 Pancreatitis: Care Instructions | Kaiser Permanente

  https://healthy.kaiserpermanente.org/health-wellness/health-encyclopedia/he.pancreatitis-care-instructions.uf7653

  The pancreas is an organ behind the stomach. It makes hormones and enzymes to help your body digest food. […] But if these enzymes attack the pancreas, it can get inflamed. This is called pancreatitis. Most cases are caused by gallstones or by heavy alcohol use. […] If you take care of yourself at home, it will help you get better. It will also help you avoid more problems with your pancreas. […] Follow-up care is a key part of your treatment and safety. Be sure to make and go to all appointments, and call your doctor if you are having problems. It’s also a good idea to know your test results and keep a list of the medicines you take. […] Drink clear liquids and eat bland foods until you feel better. Bland foods include rice, dry toast, and crackers. They also include bananas and applesauce.

• #17 Pancreatitis: Care Instructions | Kaiser Permanente

  https://healthy.kaiserpermanente.org/health-wellness/health-encyclopedia/he.pancreatitis-care-instructions.uf7653

  Eat a low-fat diet until your doctor says your pancreas is healed. […] If you drink alcohol, quit or cut back as much as you can. It’s safest not to use it at all. Tell your doctor if you need help to quit. Counseling, support groups, and sometimes medicines can help. […] Be safe with medicines. Read and follow all instructions on the label. […] If the doctor gave you a prescription medicine for pain, take it as prescribed. […] If your doctor prescribed antibiotics, take them as directed. Do not stop taking them just because you feel better. You need to take the full course of antibiotics. […] Get extra rest until you feel better. […] Avoid or limit alcohol. […] Tell your doctors and pharmacist that you’ve had pancreatitis. They can help you avoid medicines that may cause this problem again. […] Call 911 anytime you think you may need emergency care. […] Call your doctor now or seek immediate medical care if: […] Watch closely for changes in your health, and be sure to contact your doctor if:

• #18 Treatment for Pancreatitis – NIDDK

  https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/digestive-diseases/pancreatitis/treatment

  Health care professionals strongly advise people with pancreatitis to stop smoking, even if your pancreatitis is mild or in the early stages. […] Alcohol use can cause acute and chronic pancreatitis. […] Smoking is a common risk factor for pancreatitis and the chances of getting pancreatitis are even higher in people who smoke and drink alcohol.

• #19 Pancreatitis – discharge Information | Mount Sinai – New York

  https://www.mountsinai.org/health-library/discharge-instructions/pancreatitis-discharge

  You will get a prescription for pain medicines. Get it filled when you go home so you have it available. If the pain is getting worse, take your pain medicine to help before the pain becomes very bad. […] Contact your provider if you have: Very bad pain that is not relieved by over-the-counter drugs. […] Problems eating, drinking, or taking your drugs because of nausea or vomiting. […] Problems breathing or a very fast heartbeat. […] Pain with fever, chills, frequent vomiting, or with feeling faint, weak, or tired. […] Weight loss or problems digesting your food. […] Yellow color to your skin and the whites of your eyes (jaundice).

• #20 Discharge Instructions for Acute Pancreatitis | Saint Luke’s Health System

  https://www.saintlukeskc.org/health-library/discharge-instructions-acute-pancreatitis

  Stay away from alcohol and smoking. They can lead to recurrent and more severe pancreatitis. […] Contact your health care provider or get medical care right away if you: Have a fever of 100.4 F ( 38C) or higher, or as advised by your provider. […] Have severe pain from your upper belly to your back. […] Have nausea and vomiting. […] Have yellowing of your skin or eyes (jaundice). […] Have belly swelling and tenderness.

• #21 Pancreatitis: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/8103-pancreatitis

  If you have chronic pancreatitis, your general healthcare provider may refer you to a specialist (gastroenterologist). Treatment for chronic pancreatitis begins with pain management and lifestyle changes to slow down the progression of the disease. Eventually, you may need enzyme supplements and insulin injections to replace the enzymes and insulin your pancreas no longer produces. […] If you have complications, you may also need antibiotics, procedures to drain fluid or remove dead tissue, and intensive care.

• #22 Chronic Pancreatitis Nursing Management – RNpedia

  https://www.rnpedia.com/nursing-notes/medical-surgical-nursing-notes/chronic-pancreatitis-nursing-management/

  Chronic pancreatitis is progressive pancreatic inflammation resulting in permanent structural damage to pancreatic tissue. […] Treatment is directed toward preventing and managing acute attacks. […] Pain and discomfort are relieved with analgesics. […] Patient should avoid alcohol and foods that produce abdominal pain and discomfort. No other treatment will relieve pain if patient continues to consume alcohol. […] Diabetes mellitus resulting from dysfunction of pancreatic islet of cells is treated with diet, insulin or oral hypoglycemic agents. […] Pancreatic enzyme replacement therapy is instituted for malabsorption and steatorrhea. […] Surgery is done to relieve abdominal pain and discomfort, restore drainage of pancreatic secretions, and reduce frequency of attacks (pancreaticojejunostomy).

• #23 Pancreatitis Nursing Care and Management: Study Guide

  https://nurseslabs.com/pancreatitis/

  The nurse instructs the patient about the factors implicated in the onset of pancreatitis and about the need to avoid high-fat foods, heavy meals, and alcohol. […] The nurse should give verbal and written instructions about the signs and symptoms of pancreatitis and possible complications that should be reported promptly to the physician. […] The nurse would be able to assess the patients physical and psychological status and adherence to the therapeutic regimen. […] Nursing documentation of the case of a patient with acute pancreatitis involves the following: Clients description of response to pain and acceptable level of pain. Prior medication use. Caloric intake. Individual cultural or religious restrictions and personal preferences. Respiratory pattern, breath sounds, and use of accessory muscles. Laboratory values. Use of respiratory aids or supports. Plan of care. Teaching plan. Response to interventions, teaching, and actions performed. Attainment or progress toward desired outcomes. Modifications to plan of care. Long-term needs.

Zobacz więcej