Nadwzroczność nie jest odpowiednim tłumaczeniem dla „nearsightedness”. poprawne tłumaczenie to krótkowzroczność

Nadwzroczność nie jest odpowiednim tłumaczeniem dla „nearsightedness”. poprawne tłumaczenie to krótkowzroczność
Zapobieganie i profilaktyka

Krótkowzroczność (myopia) jest jedną z najczęstszych wad refrakcji, dotykającą obecnie około 42% populacji USA, z prognozowanym wzrostem do 50% światowej populacji do 2050 roku. Wada ta charakteryzuje się wyraźnym widzeniem obiektów bliskich przy jednoczesnej trudności w ostrym widzeniu obiektów odległych. Wysokie stopnie krótkowzroczności zwiększają ryzyko poważnych powikłań okulistycznych, takich jak odwarstwienie siatkówki, jaskra, zaćma czy makulopatia krótkowzroczna. Niepokojący jest trend wcześniejszego pojawiania się krótkowzroczności u dzieci (średni wiek 8 lat), co wiąże się z intensywnym korzystaniem z urządzeń cyfrowych i ograniczonym czasem spędzanym na świeżym powietrzu. Czynniki ryzyka obejmują zarówno predyspozycje genetyczne, jak i środowiskowe, takie jak praca wzrokowa z bliska, nadmierne korzystanie z ekranów, niewystarczająca ekspozycja na światło dzienne oraz słabe oświetlenie podczas czynności bliskich. Osoby z niską ekspozycją na światło dzienne mają nawet 5-krotnie wyższe ryzyko rozwoju krótkowzroczności, które może wzrosnąć do 16-krotnego przy jednoczesnej pracy z bliska.

Definicja i epidemiologia krótkowzroczności

Krótkowzroczność (łac. myopia) to wada wzroku, w której pacjent wyraźnie widzi obiekty znajdujące się blisko, natomiast ma trudności z ostrym widzeniem obiektów oddalonych. Jest to jedna z najczęstszych wad refrakcji, dotykająca obecnie około 42% populacji w Stanach Zjednoczonych, a jej częstość występowania niemal podwoiła się w ciągu ostatnich trzech dekad i wciąż rośnie.¹ Według prognoz, do 2050 roku nawet połowa światowej populacji może cierpieć na krótkowzroczność.²

Krótkowzroczność nie jest tylko problemem kosmetycznym czy niewielką niedogodnością – stanowi poważne zagrożenie dla zdrowia oczu w późniejszym życiu. Wyższe stopnie krótkowzroczności zwiększają ryzyko poważnych chorób oczu, takich jak odwarstwienie siatkówki, zaćma, jaskra, czy makulopatia związana z krótkowzrocznością. Ryzyko tych schorzeń wzrasta wraz ze wzrostem stopnia krótkowzroczności.³⁴

Niepokojącym trendem jest coraz wcześniejsze występowanie krótkowzroczności u dzieci. Obecnie średni wiek pojawienia się tej wady przesunął się z 13 do 8 lat, co przypisuje się głównie zwiększonemu użyciu urządzeń cyfrowych i zmniejszonej ilości czasu spędzanego na zewnątrz.⁵ Wczesne wystąpienie krótkowzroczności wiąże się z większym ryzykiem rozwoju wysokiej krótkowzroczności w późniejszym życiu.⁶

Znaczenie profilaktyki krótkowzroczności

Profilaktyka krótkowzroczności i zapobieganie jej progresji są kluczowe z kilku powodów. Po pierwsze, krótkowzroczność może znacząco wpływać na jakość życia dziecka. Postępująca krótkowzroczność może prowadzić do niewyraźnego widzenia, trudności w dostrzeganiu odległych obiektów i potencjalnego przeciążenia oczu. Może to utrudniać dziecku osiągnięcia szkolne, udział w zajęciach sportowych i innych aktywnościach na świeżym powietrzu, a także ogólną radość z codziennego życia.⁷

Podjęcie działań mających na celu kontrolę krótkowzroczności w dzieciństwie może zmniejszyć ryzyko powikłań w późniejszym życiu. Badania wykazały, że wyższe poziomy krótkowzroczności w dzieciństwie wiążą się ze zwiększonym ryzykiem rozwoju chorób zagrażających wzrokowi w późniejszym życiu, takich jak odwarstwienie siatkówki, jaskra i makulopatia krótkowzroczna.⁸

Zapobieganie krótkowzroczności ma również wymiar ekonomiczny i społeczny. Nieleczona lub patologiczna krótkowzroczność wiąże się z dużymi kosztami dla systemu opieki zdrowotnej i może prowadzić do utraty produktywności. Wdrażanie odpowiednich środków zapobiegawczych może pomóc zmniejszyć to obciążenie.⁹

Czynniki ryzyka krótkowzroczności

Zrozumienie czynników ryzyka krótkowzroczności jest kluczowe dla opracowania skutecznych strategii profilaktycznych. Czynniki te można podzielić na genetyczne i środowiskowe.

Czynniki genetyczne

Predyspozycje genetyczne odgrywają ważną rolę w rozwoju krótkowzroczności. Dzieci, których jedno lub oboje rodziców ma krótkowzroczność, są bardziej narażone na rozwój tej wady. W przypadku genetycznego obciążenia całkowite zapobieżenie krótkowzroczności może nie być możliwe, ale jej progresja często może być spowolniona dzięki wczesnemu wykryciu i odpowiedniemu leczeniu.¹⁰

Czynniki środowiskowe

Badania wskazują na kilka kluczowych czynników środowiskowych wpływających na rozwój krótkowzroczności:

Praca wzrokowa z bliska – długotrwałe czynności wykonywane z bliskiej odległości, takie jak czytanie, pisanie i korzystanie z urządzeń elektronicznych, mogą zwiększać ryzyko rozwoju krótkowzroczności.¹¹
Czas spędzany przed ekranami – nadmierne korzystanie z urządzeń cyfrowych, szczególnie w młodym wieku, jest związane z wyższym ryzykiem krótkowzroczności.¹²
Ograniczony czas na świeżym powietrzu – niewystarczająca ekspozycja na światło dzienne i ograniczony czas spędzany na zewnątrz są silnymi czynnikami ryzyka rozwoju krótkowzroczności.¹³
Niewystarczające oświetlenie – słabe oświetlenie podczas pracy z bliska może zwiększać obciążenie oczu i przyczyniać się do rozwoju krótkowzroczności.¹⁴

Badania wykazały, że osoba o niewielkiej ekspozycji na światło dzienne ma pięciokrotnie wyższe ryzyko rozwoju krótkowzroczności, które może wzrosnąć nawet do 16-krotnie wyższego ryzyka, jeśli ta osoba dodatkowo wykonuje prace z bliskiej odległości.¹⁵

Strategie profilaktyki krótkowzroczności

Istnieje kilka skutecznych strategii zapobiegania rozwojowi i progresji krótkowzroczności, które mogą być wdrażane zarówno w domu, jak i w środowisku szkolnym oraz klinicznym.

Aktywności na świeżym powietrzu

Spędzanie czasu na świeżym powietrzu jest jedną z najskuteczniejszych metod zapobiegania krótkowzroczności, szczególnie u dzieci. Badania naukowe konsekwentnie wykazują silny związek między zwiększonym czasem spędzanym na zewnątrz a niższą częstością występowania krótkowzroczności.¹⁶

Zaleca się, aby dzieci spędzały co najmniej 2 godziny dziennie na świeżym powietrzu, aby zapobiec krótkowzroczności.¹⁷ Niektóre badania sugerują, że spędzanie około 90-120 minut dziennie na zewnątrz może znacząco zmniejszyć ryzyko rozwoju krótkowzroczności.¹⁸

Badanie przeprowadzone w Chinach wykazało, że dodatkowe 40 minut aktywności na świeżym powietrzu w ciągu dnia szkolnego, oprócz regularnego programu nauczania, znacząco obniżyło wskaźnik zapadalności na krótkowzroczność.¹⁹ Zaobserwowano znaczące zmniejszenie wskaźnika zapadalności o 15-24% przy dziennym czasie spędzanym na zewnątrz wynoszącym 120-150 minut przy 5000 lux/min lub skumulowanej intensywności światła zewnętrznego wynoszącej 600 000-750 000 lux.²⁰

Mechanizm ochronnego działania aktywności na świeżym powietrzu prawdopodobnie związany jest z wydzielaniem dopaminy w siatkówce pod wpływem naturalnego światła, co spowalnia wydłużanie się gałki ocznej.²¹²²

Kontrola pracy wzrokowej z bliska

Ograniczanie czasu spędzanego na czynnościach wykonywanych z bliskiej odległości, takich jak czytanie, pisanie czy korzystanie z urządzeń elektronicznych, może pomóc zmniejszyć ryzyko rozwoju i progresji krótkowzroczności.²³

Zaleca się stosowanie zasady 20-20-20: co 20 minut należy zrobić 20-sekundową przerwę, patrząc na obiekt oddalony o około 20 stóp (około 6 metrów).²⁴²⁵

Inną powszechnie akceptowaną kliniczną sugestią jest zasada 30: utrzymywanie odległości roboczej powyżej 30 cm i robienie 30-sekundowych przerw co 30 minut spędzonych na zadaniach wykonywanych z bliskiej odległości.²⁶

Ważne jest, aby ograniczyć czas spędzany przed ekranami urządzeń elektronicznych, szczególnie u dzieci. Amerykańska Akademia Pediatrii sugeruje ograniczenie czasu spędzanego przed ekranem do maksymalnie jednej godziny dziennie dla dzieci w wieku od dwóch do pięciu lat i promowanie zabaw niezwiązanych z urządzeniami cyfrowymi dla młodszych dzieci.²⁷

Ergonomia i higiena wzroku

Odpowiednia ergonomia i higiena wzroku mogą pomóc zmniejszyć obciążenie oczu i ryzyko rozwoju krótkowzroczności.

Utrzymywanie odpowiedniej odległości podczas czytania – zaleca się, aby odległość oglądania nie była bliższa niż odległość od łokcia do pięści, gdy pięść jest na brodzie.²⁸
Zapewnienie odpowiedniego oświetlenia – dobre oświetlenie podczas czytania, korzystania z komputera i oglądania telewizji. Należy unikać ciemnych pomieszczeń.²⁹
Korzystanie z dwóch źródeł światła – podczas czytania zaleca się używanie światła w pomieszczeniu i bezpośredniego światła na stronie lub zadaniu.³⁰
Regularne przerwy – po każdej stronie lub pięciu minutach spędzonych przed ekranem należy spojrzeć przez okno, aby rozluźnić ostrość wzroku.³¹

Regularne badania wzroku

Regularne badania okulistyczne są kluczowe dla wczesnego wykrycia i monitorowania krótkowzroczności.³²

Zaleca się, aby dzieci przechodziły kompleksowe badanie wzroku w wieku 12 miesięcy, 3 lat, 5 lat, a następnie co roku w przypadku dzieci o niskim ryzyku. Te regularne badania dają dziecku najlepszą szansę na wczesne wykrycie i leczenie w celu spowolnienia lub skorygowania krótkowzroczności.³³

Wczesne wykrycie umożliwia szybką interwencję, co może pomóc zapobiec pogorszeniu się krótkowzroczności.³⁴

Metody kontroli progresji krótkowzroczności

Gdy krótkowzroczność zostanie już zdiagnozowana, istnieje kilka skutecznych metod spowolnienia jej progresji.

Farmakologiczne metody kontroli krótkowzroczności

Jedną z najskuteczniejszych metod spowolnienia progresji krótkowzroczności są krople do oczu z niską dawką atropiny.³⁵

Atropina w niskich stężeniach (0,01%-0,05%) wykazała znaczną skuteczność w spowolnieniu progresji krótkowzroczności u dzieci, z minimalnym wpływem na rozszerzenie źrenicy i akomodację, co czyni ją dobrze tolerowaną opcją leczenia.³⁶

W 2017 roku raport Amerykańskiej Akademii Okulistyki stwierdził, że istnieją dowody poziomu 1, które potwierdzają stosowanie atropiny w celu zapobiegania progresji krótkowzroczności.³⁷

Niedawne globalne badanie wykazało, że prawie dwie trzecie członków towarzystw okulistyki dziecięcej regularnie przepisuje atropinę 0,01% w celu zmniejszenia progresji krótkowzroczności.³⁸

Krople należy podawać zgodnie z zaleceniami i pod nadzorem lekarza okulisty. Efekty leczenia powinny być monitorowane co około 6 miesięcy.³⁹

Optyczne metody kontroli krótkowzroczności

Istnieje kilka optycznych metod kontroli krótkowzroczności, które wykazały skuteczność w badaniach klinicznych:

Ortokeratologia (Ortho-K) – specjalnie zaprojektowane twarde soczewki kontaktowe, które są noszone w nocy i delikatnie zmieniają kształt rogówki podczas snu, zapewniając wyraźne widzenie w ciągu dnia bez konieczności noszenia okularów lub soczewek. Badania wykazały, że ortokeratologia może spowolnić progresję krótkowzroczności o około 37-56%.⁴⁰⁴¹
Wieloogniskowe soczewki kontaktowe – soczewki o specjalnej konstrukcji z różnymi mocami w różnych obszarach soczewki, które pomagają kontrolować rozwój krótkowzroczności. Badania wykazały, że noszenie wieloogniskowych soczewek kontaktowych może spowolnić progresję krótkowzroczności o około 25-79%.⁴²
Soczewki MiSight – to jednorazowe soczewki kontaktowe zatwierdzone przez FDA do spowolnienia progresji krótkowzroczności u dzieci. Trzyletnie randomizowane badanie kliniczne wykazało, że MiSight prowadzi do 59% redukcji progresji krótkowzroczności i 52% redukcji długości osiowej oka.⁴³
Specjalne okulary – soczewki okularowe z technologią DIMS (Defocus Incorporated Multiple Segments) lub soczewkami asferycznymi też mogą pomagać w kontroli krótkowzroczności. Technologia DIMS opiera się na idei tworzenia jednoczesnego rozmycia podczas widzenia zarówno na odległość, jak i z bliska; jedna płaszczyzna na siatkówce dzięki strefie jednoogniskowej soczewki oraz jedna płaszczyzna tworząca rozmycie krótkowzroczne dzięki soczewkom defokusującym +3,50D.⁴⁴

Skuteczność metod kontroli krótkowzroczności

Badania sugerują, że atropina w niskich dawkach jest najskuteczniejszą interwencją w spowalnianiu progresji krótkowzroczności (skuteczność między 60% a 77%), następnie ortokeratologia (skuteczność między 37% a 56%), soczewki kontaktowe modyfikujące rozmycie obwodowe (skuteczność między 25% a 79%) oraz soczewki okularowe dwuogniskowe lub progresywne (średnia skuteczność 19%).⁴⁵

Co ważne, niektóre badania sugerują, że łączenie różnych metod kontroli krótkowzroczności może dawać jeszcze lepsze wyniki. Na przykład, kombinacja atropiny 0,01% z ortokeratologią wykazała znacząco większą skuteczność niż soczewki okularowe progresywne w profilaktyce i kontroli krótkowzroczności.⁴⁶

Profilaktyka krótkowzroczności w różnych grupach wiekowych

Profilaktyka u niemowląt i dzieci przedszkolnych

Lata formacyjne od urodzenia do 6 roku życia determinują kształt oczu dziecka. Leczenie w tym okresie może zmniejszyć ryzyko rozwoju krótkowzroczności.⁴⁷

Dla najmłodszych dzieci najważniejsze jest zapewnienie odpowiedniej ilości czasu na świeżym powietrzu, ograniczenie ekspozycji na ekrany i regularne badania wzroku, nawet jeśli nie występują żadne objawy problemów z widzeniem.⁴⁸

Program profilaktyki opracowany w biurze zdrowia publicznego, który promował świadomość i kampanie edukacyjne skupiające się na strategiach zapobiegania krótkowzroczności, takich jak zapewnienie idealnego oświetlenia w klasie i wysokości stołu, ograniczenie długotrwałych czynności wykonywanych z bliskiej odległości, w tym czasu spędzanego przed ekranem, i zachęcanie dzieci do przebywania na zewnątrz przez co najmniej 120 minut dziennie, zdołał zmniejszyć częstość występowania krótkowzroczności o 5,2% u przedszkolaków.⁴⁹

Profilaktyka u dzieci w wieku szkolnym

Dzieci w wieku szkolnym są szczególnie narażone na rozwój krótkowzroczności ze względu na zwiększoną ilość pracy z bliska związanej z nauką i coraz większe korzystanie z urządzeń cyfrowych.

W tej grupie wiekowej szczególnie ważne jest przestrzeganie zasad higieny wzroku, zapewnienie odpowiednich przerw podczas nauki i czytania, ograniczanie czasu spędzanego przed ekranami oraz zachęcanie do aktywności na świeżym powietrzu.⁵⁰⁵¹

W przypadku dzieci, u których krótkowzroczność już się rozwinęła, zaleca się wdrożenie odpowiednich metod kontroli jej progresji, takich jak atropina, ortokeratologia czy wieloogniskowe soczewki kontaktowe.⁵²

Szkoły mogą również odgrywać ważną rolę w zapobieganiu krótkowzroczności poprzez modyfikację projektu klas, aby umożliwić większy dostęp światła i rozszerzone pole widzenia, zwiększenie czasu przerw szkolnych spędzanych na zewnątrz oraz budowanie świadomości poprzez kampanie zdrowia publicznego.⁵³

Profilaktyka u młodzieży i dorosłych

U młodzieży i młodych dorosłych, u których proces wzrostu oka nadal trwa, metody kontroli krótkowzroczności mogą nadal być skuteczne w spowalnianiu jej progresji.⁵⁴

W tej grupie wiekowej kluczowe jest utrzymanie zdrowych nawyków wzrokowych, takich jak regularne przerwy podczas pracy z bliska, odpowiednie oświetlenie, utrzymywanie właściwej odległości podczas czytania i korzystania z urządzeń elektronicznych oraz regularne badania wzroku.⁵⁵

U dorosłych z ukształtowaną już krótkowzrocznością zapobieganie dalszej progresji i powikłaniom jest głównym celem. Zaleca się regularne badania okulistyczne, szczególnie u osób z wysoką krótkowzrocznością, aby monitorować zmiany siatkówki i inne potencjalne problemy.⁵⁶

Profilaktyka krótkowzroczności w kontekście zdrowia publicznego

Zapobieganie krótkowzroczności staje się coraz ważniejszym zagadnieniem zdrowia publicznego ze względu na rosnącą częstość występowania tej wady wzroku na całym świecie.

Amerykańska Akademia Okulistyki zidentyfikowała zapobieganie wystąpieniu i opóźnianie progresji krótkowzroczności jako ważną kwestię zdrowia publicznego.⁵⁷

Narodowe Akademie Nauk, Inżynierii i Medycyny w Stanach Zjednoczonych zalecają, aby rząd federalny dążył do zmian w polityce, które zachęcałyby młodych ludzi do spędzania większej ilości czasu na świeżym powietrzu. Raport zaleca między jedną a dwiema godzinami na świeżym powietrzu każdego dnia dla dzieci, ponieważ badania pokazują, że przebywanie na zewnątrz stymuluje oko światłem, które jest jaśniejsze i bardziej zróżnicowane, oraz wymaga różnych ruchów oczu i ostrości wzroku w porównaniu do przebywania w pomieszczeniach.⁵⁸

Raport zaleca również, aby Centra Kontroli i Zapobiegania Chorobom opracowały wytyczne oparte na dowodach, wspierane przez federalne i stanowe departamenty edukacji oraz świadczeniodawców opieki zdrowotnej, promujące więcej czasu na świeżym powietrzu (co najmniej jedną godzinę dziennie) dla dzieci.⁵⁹

Aby dalej rozwijać bazę wiedzy związaną z krótkowzrocznością i zmniejszyć częstość występowania i negatywne konsekwencje tej choroby, specjaliści w zakresie opieki okulistycznej, agencje federalne i agencje finansujące muszą wprowadzić usprawnienia w celu standaryzacji opieki, zwiększenia finansowania badań nad metodami leczenia, zachęcania do spędzania czasu na świeżym powietrzu i ogólnie ułatwienia standaryzacji ocen i diagnostyki.⁶⁰⁶¹

Podsumowanie i zalecenia praktyczne

Profilaktyka krótkowzroczności i spowolnienie jej progresji to kluczowe elementy w ochronie zdrowia oczu, szczególnie u dzieci. Na podstawie obecnych dowodów naukowych można sformułować następujące praktyczne zalecenia:

Zachęcaj dzieci do spędzania co najmniej 1-2 godzin dziennie na świeżym powietrzu, co jest jedną z najskuteczniejszych metod zapobiegania krótkowzroczności.⁶²⁶³
Ogranicz czas spędzany przed ekranami i na innych czynnościach wykonywanych z bliskiej odległości, szczególnie u dzieci.⁶⁴
Stosuj zasadę 20-20-20: co 20 minut zrób 20-sekundową przerwę, patrząc na coś oddalonego o około 20 stóp (6 metrów).⁶⁵
Zapewnij odpowiednie oświetlenie podczas czytania i innych czynności wykonywanych z bliskiej odległości.⁶⁶
Utrzymuj właściwą odległość podczas czytania i korzystania z urządzeń elektronicznych (co najmniej 30 cm).⁶⁷
Regularnie przeprowadzaj badania wzroku u dzieci, nawet jeśli nie zgłaszają problemów z widzeniem.⁶⁸
W przypadku zdiagnozowanej krótkowzroczności, skonsultuj się z okulistą w sprawie dostępnych metod kontroli jej progresji, takich jak atropina w niskiej dawce, ortokeratologia czy specjalne soczewki kontaktowe.⁶⁹⁷⁰
Edukuj dzieci, rodziców i nauczycieli na temat znaczenia zapobiegania krótkowzroczności i metod jej kontroli.⁷¹

Należy pamiętać, że nie ma uniwersalnie akceptowanej metody zapobiegania krótkowzroczności, a proponowane metody wymagają dodatkowych badań w celu określenia ich skuteczności.⁷² Niemniej jednak, wdrażanie opisanych powyżej strategii profilaktycznych może znacząco przyczynić się do zmniejszenia ryzyka rozwoju i progresji krótkowzroczności, a tym samym do poprawy długoterminowego zdrowia oczu.

Kolejne rozdziały

Zapraszamy do dalszego czytania naszego leksykonu.

Wybierz kolejny rozdział z menu poniżej, aby otworzyć nową podstronę kompedium wiedzy i uzyskać szczegółowe informację o leku, substancji lub chorobie.

Materiały źródłowe

#1 A Simple Fix for Nearsightedness
https://www.webmd.com/parenting/features/nearsightedness-simple-fix
Have you been told that your child needs glasses or contacts? Health experts estimate that almost half the U.S. population — 42% — has myopia (nearsightedness), a figure that has almost doubled over the past 3 decades and continues to grow. […] But being nearsighted is more than just an inconvenience: It can pose long-term hazards. […] While glasses, contact lenses, eyedrops, and surgery can help kids see clearly, they don’t slow myopia from getting worse. […] „When the eye becomes longer, the tissue of the retina and the structures supporting the optic nerve stretch and become thinner,” says Andrei Tkatchenko, MD, PhD, associate professor of ophthalmic sciences at Columbia University Irving Medical Center in New York. „This thinning increases the risk of retinal detachment, cataracts, glaucoma, and even blindness. The faster myopia progresses and the more the prescription increases, the greater the risk of these diseases.”
#2 Reduce the risk of myopia in children – Boston Children’s Answers
https://answers.childrenshospital.org/ways-to-prevent-myopia/
The formative years from birth to age 6 will determine the shape of a child’s eyes. Treatment during this time could lessen their chances of having myopia. […] Dr. Chan has hope that despite projections such as half the worldâs population will be nearsighted by 2050, myopia can be prevented. […] Just as parents guide their children with regular toothbrushing and flossing, they should help their children get familiar with eye-friendly habits early in life, she says. […] A proper amount of dopamine to the retina will slow elongation of the eye. […] The things that children do indoors are also connected to an increased risk of myopia, Dr. Chan says. […] Instead, parents can help their children do near-work and practice a good eye health routine with two simple steps: […] Breaks from learning on electronics â or even reading printed books â could be helpful.
#3 A Simple Fix for Nearsightedness
https://www.webmd.com/parenting/features/nearsightedness-simple-fix
Have you been told that your child needs glasses or contacts? Health experts estimate that almost half the U.S. population — 42% — has myopia (nearsightedness), a figure that has almost doubled over the past 3 decades and continues to grow. […] But being nearsighted is more than just an inconvenience: It can pose long-term hazards. […] While glasses, contact lenses, eyedrops, and surgery can help kids see clearly, they don’t slow myopia from getting worse. […] „When the eye becomes longer, the tissue of the retina and the structures supporting the optic nerve stretch and become thinner,” says Andrei Tkatchenko, MD, PhD, associate professor of ophthalmic sciences at Columbia University Irving Medical Center in New York. „This thinning increases the risk of retinal detachment, cataracts, glaucoma, and even blindness. The faster myopia progresses and the more the prescription increases, the greater the risk of these diseases.”
#4 Public Health Approaches to Myopia Prevention and Control – Part 1 | OCUCO
https://www.ocuco.com/uk/resources/blogs/public-health-approaches-to-myopia-prevention-and-control-part-1
Myopia is an established risk factor (second only to age) for the development of glaucoma, cataract and retinal detachment. […] The public health priorities in dealing with myopia are two-fold: (i) to prevent myopia onset where possible; and (ii) to mitigate the risk of ocular diseases such as retinal detachment and myopic macular degeneration and associated vision loss in those who become myopic. […] Complete prevention or delayed onset (later onset is associated with slower progression) would be ideal. […] Among children who have already become myopic, altering the rate of progression can still reduce the lifetime risk of progression to high myopia and disease development. […] The risk-based approach involves prescribing individualized, evidence-based treatments and behavioral modifications that slow or prevent continued progression.
#5 Nearsightedness in Kids: Prevention & Correction
https://fargomom.com/nearsightedness-in-kids-prevention-correction/
Nearsightedness (also called myopia) is one of the most common eye problems in kids today. […] Currently, over 40% of individuals are nearsighted and the average age of onset has shifted from 13 to 8 years old. This is largely attributed to our increased use of digital devices and less time outdoors. […] Thankfully, there are ways to slow down or even halt progressing myopia. The practice of myopia control is gaining awareness across the country and has been utilized across the world for decades. Myopia Control is one of my favorite ways to care for young patients in the clinic! […] Orthokeratology is the method commonly used to treat nearsightedness in children. This treatment has been scientifically proven to reduce myopia progression through a custom-made contact lens. […] Each specialty lens is designed based on the cornea shape and amount of nearsightedness.
#6
https://www.aao.org/eye-health/news/prevent-childhood-myopia-sunshine-outdoors
Every patient who comes to pediatric ophthalmologist Noha Ekdawi, MD, gets the same prescription: Spend more time outdoors. Sunlight is the best way to prevent myopia, or nearsightedness, in children. […] The time to intervene is in early childhood because the earlier a child develops myopia, the more likely they are to develop severe myopia later in life. So, the goal is to delay the start of myopia and to slow the rate of progression so the child can avoid the worst complications of myopia, like retinal problems. […] Dr. Ekdawi encourages at least one to two hours of outdoor time each day and reducing screen time to one to two hours a day. […] Dr. Ekdawi also has her children read outside so theyll get both the dopamine hit from the sun exposure and more opportunities to break their focus on near work. […] A recent national study found that just half of parents recognize that screen time can impact their childs eye health. […] There is increasing concern that the COVID-19 pandemic could drive myopia rates higher with the increased use of electronic devices due to remote learning.
#7 The Ultimate Guide to Myopia Prevention | Dr Jimmy Lim
https://jleyespecialists.com/blog/myopia-prevention/
As parents, we strive to care for our childrens overall well-being and physical health. However, one common eye condition that requires our attention is myopia, also known as nearsightedness. Unfortunately, myopia is rising among children, and its essential to take proactive measures to control and prevent its progression. By understanding the strategies available, we can empower ourselves and our children to maintain a healthy vision for a brighter future. […] Controlling and preventing myopia from worsening is essential for several reasons. Firstly, myopia can significantly impact a childs quality of life. As nearsightedness progresses, it can lead to blurred vision, difficulty seeing objects at a distance, and potential eye strain. This can hinder a childs academic performance, participation in sports, and other outdoor activities, and overall enjoyment of daily life.
#8 Myopia Prevention & Control in Children | Effective Strategies
https://www.vision-institute.com/effective-strategies-for-myopia-management-control-in-children/
Myopia, also known as nearsightedness, is a common vision condition that affects millions of children worldwide. […] It is essential for parents and caregivers to understand the causes, symptoms, and prevalence of myopia in children, as well as the importance of early prevention and management. […] Early detection and intervention can help prevent the progression of myopia and protect your child’s long-term vision health. […] It is crucial for parents and caregivers to recognize the significance of myopia prevention and take proactive measures to protect their children’s vision health. […] Early prevention and management of myopia are crucial for maintaining good vision health in children. […] Studies have shown that higher levels of myopia in childhood are associated with an increased risk of developing sight-threatening conditions later in life, such as retinal detachment, glaucoma, and myopic maculopathy.
#9 Advances in myopia prevention strategies for school-aged children: a comprehensive review
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10466414/
To avoid the occurrence of severe myopia and its associated complications, as well as alleviate the financial impact caused by untreated or pathological myopia, it is necessary to implement appropriate measures. […] The optimal technique is chosen based on profession and geographical location. China has approved low-dose atropine eye drops and orthokeratology lenses for myopia prevention and treatment. […] While numerous studies have explored various methods for preventing and managing myopia, there is limited research that provides a comprehensive comparison of the efficacy of different environmental and optical interventions in preventing myopia in school-aged children. […] The goal is to contribute to developing targeted and personalized strategies that effectively mitigate the impact of myopia and its associated complications.
#10 Nearsightedness (Myopia) Prevention | Castle Rock, CO
https://elevationvision.com/nearsightedness-myopia-prevention/
If one or both parents are nearsighted their child is at higher risk, making it not possible to prevent, but the progression of the condition can often be slowed with proper detection and treatment. […] Once nearsightedness begins it cannot be reversed, but it can be slowed. The childs distance vision should be fully corrected with glasses and/or contacts. Additional treatments to slow progression can include: […] These drops are administered daily to slow progression of myopia. […] Used in children and adults, CRT uses contact lenses that are worn only at night to reshape the cornea during sleep. […] These unique contact lenses have different prescriptions in different locations of the lens. Often these are daily disposable contact lenses that children learn quickly to insert and remove.
#11 Azthena logo with the word Azthena
https://www.news-medical.net/health/Myopia-Prevention.aspx
Myopia represents the most common cause of vision impairment worldwide, and many attempts have been made with spectacles, rigid lenses, therapeutics, and other techniques to control its progression in children and young adults. […] Environmental factors can influence the prevalence of myopia, which has been shown with intensive visual near work such as reading, writing, and close work at the computer. […] Hence, visual hygiene measures are often recommended, which include taking a break every 30 minutes when doing intensive near work, maintaining proper distance from the book while reading, keeping sufficient illumination, doing visual work using a relaxed upright posture, and placing a limit on the time spent watching the television. […] Recent epidemiological research points to the fact that children who spend more time outdoors are less prone to the development of myopia, regardless of their eventual genetic burden or how much near work they do.
#12 Nearsightedness in Kids: Taking a Closer Look | Kaiser Permanente
https://about.kaiserpermanente.org/health-and-wellness/health-tips/take-a-closer-look-at-nearsightedness
Nearsightedness, also known as myopia, is on the rise. To reverse that trend and protect their vision, kids need plenty of outdoor time. […] Preventing the onset and delaying the progression of nearsightedness has been identified as an important public health issue by the American Academy of Ophthalmology. […] We should aim to have children spend at least 2 hours a day outdoors to decrease their risk of becoming nearsighted, he said. Exposure to natural light when kids are outdoors has shown to significantly decrease their risk of developing nearsightedness.
#13 Preventing Myopia
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5615392/
Nearsightedness (myopia) has become more common around the world recently, mainly because of changes in visual, educational, and recreational behavior. The question arises how the risk of myopia and its progression can be reduced. This would lessen the prevalence and severity of myopia and also lower the risk of secondary diseases that impair visual acuity. […] The risk of myopia is lowered by exposure to daylight and increased by activities performed at short visual distances (close-up work). A person with little exposure to daylight has a fivefold risk of developing myopia, which can rise as high as a 16-fold risk if that person also performs close-up work. […] Effective pharmacological and optical measures are now available to lessen the progression of myopia. The increasing prevalence of myopia should motivate pediatricians, parents, and schools to pay attention to risk factors such as close-up work and lack of daylight exposure, particularly in view of the increased use of digital media.
#14 Myopia Prevention | Expert Myopia Control in Sydney
https://smartvisionoptometry.com.au/eyecare/myopia-prevention/
Ensure Good Lighting: Use good lighting when reading, using the computer, and watching TV. Avoid dark rooms. […] Use Two Light Sources: When reading, use a room light and a direct light on the page or task. […] Take Regular Breaks: After every page or five minutes of screen time, look out a window to defocus. […] Balance Indoor and Outdoor Time: Spend equal amounts of time outdoors using peripheral vision and indoors using central vision. Aim for a minimum of 80 minutes of outdoor activity daily. […] Minimise Screen Time: Limit the use of small screens and use larger screens placed further from your eyes. […] Complete Vision Therapy: Follow your behavioural optometrists prescribed vision therapy exercises. […] At Smart Vision Optometry, our experienced optometrists are highly trained in myopia prevention and control. […] We provide tailored treatments to slow the progression of myopia and enhance your childs vision. […] Take the first step towards preserving your childs vision. Schedule a myopia prevention consultation with Smart Vision Optometry.
#15 Preventing Myopia
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5615392/
Nearsightedness (myopia) has become more common around the world recently, mainly because of changes in visual, educational, and recreational behavior. The question arises how the risk of myopia and its progression can be reduced. This would lessen the prevalence and severity of myopia and also lower the risk of secondary diseases that impair visual acuity. […] The risk of myopia is lowered by exposure to daylight and increased by activities performed at short visual distances (close-up work). A person with little exposure to daylight has a fivefold risk of developing myopia, which can rise as high as a 16-fold risk if that person also performs close-up work. […] Effective pharmacological and optical measures are now available to lessen the progression of myopia. The increasing prevalence of myopia should motivate pediatricians, parents, and schools to pay attention to risk factors such as close-up work and lack of daylight exposure, particularly in view of the increased use of digital media.
#16 The Ultimate Guide to Myopia Prevention | Dr Jimmy Lim
https://jleyespecialists.com/blog/myopia-prevention/
Taking measures to control myopia in childhood can reduce the risk of these complications later in life. […] In recent years, research has provided compelling evidence linking increased outdoor time to a reduced risk of myopia in children. […] Several studies have consistently shown a strong association between spending more time outdoors and a lower incidence of myopia. […] While the ideal duration of outdoor time for myopia prevention is not yet determined, several studies have suggested that spending at least two to three hours per day outdoors can significantly reduce the risk of myopia development. […] The 20-20-20 rule is a simple yet effective technique for preventing eye strain, particularly in children who may spend prolonged periods engaged in near work such as reading or using digital devices.
#17 Preventing Myopia
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5615392/
It is recommended that children be exposed to approximately 2 hours of daylight per day to prevent myopia. […] Progression of myopia can be reduced by administering atropine 0.01% eye drops as indicated and prescribed by the treating ophthalmologist. Effects must be monitored approximately every 6 months. […] There is an urgent need for further clinical trials conducted in Europe in order to add to current data, most of which comes from Asian populations.
#18
https://myoptometristcalgary.ca/blog/Calgary+Myopia+Top+5+Myopia+Prevention+Strategies/217
Encourage children to spend at least two hours outside each day, whether it’s playing sports, hiking, or simply enjoying the park. […] Excessive screen time and prolonged close-up work are major contributors to the development and progression of myopia. […] Implement the 20-20-20 rule: every 20 minutes, take a 20-second break to look at something 20 feet away. […] A healthy diet rich in essential vitamins and minerals plays a crucial role in maintaining overall eye health and can help in preventing myopia. […] Routine eye exams are essential for early detection and management of myopia. […] Regular check-ups allow optometrists to monitor eye health and make timely interventions. […] There are several specialized techniques and treatments available to control and slow the progression of myopia.
#19 Advances in myopia prevention strategies for school-aged children: a comprehensive review
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10466414/
A randomized controlled trial conducted in China assigned students to engage in 40min of outdoor activities during school hours in addition to their regular curriculum. […] A significant reduction in the incidence rate ratio by 15 to 24% was observed with a daily outdoor time of 120150min at 5000 lux/min or a cumulative outdoor light intensity of 600,000750,000 lux. […] The projected reductions associated with the SMS intervention align with China’s preventative objectives for myopia, with estimated decreases of 0.5mm in axial length, 1.2 D in myopic shift, and 11.7% in myopia prevalence. […] Various theories and mechanisms have been posited to elucidate the underlying factors contributing to the protective effect of outdoor activities. […] Integrating strategies to prevent myopia with measures to forestall excessive body weight gain could yield improved mental well-being and reduce depression, anxiety, and stress.
#20 Advances in myopia prevention strategies for school-aged children: a comprehensive review
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10466414/
A randomized controlled trial conducted in China assigned students to engage in 40min of outdoor activities during school hours in addition to their regular curriculum. […] A significant reduction in the incidence rate ratio by 15 to 24% was observed with a daily outdoor time of 120150min at 5000 lux/min or a cumulative outdoor light intensity of 600,000750,000 lux. […] The projected reductions associated with the SMS intervention align with China’s preventative objectives for myopia, with estimated decreases of 0.5mm in axial length, 1.2 D in myopic shift, and 11.7% in myopia prevalence. […] Various theories and mechanisms have been posited to elucidate the underlying factors contributing to the protective effect of outdoor activities. […] Integrating strategies to prevent myopia with measures to forestall excessive body weight gain could yield improved mental well-being and reduce depression, anxiety, and stress.
#21 Azthena logo with the word Azthena
https://www.news-medical.net/health/Myopia-Prevention.aspx
The suggested mechanism of the protective effect of outdoor activities involves the light-stimulated release of the neurotransmitter dopamine from the retina. […] Clinical trials are now underway hoping to halt or reduce the development of myopia in children by increasing the amount of time they spend outside. […] It is important to note that there is no scientific evidence that any of the commercial devices for myopia treatment can truly prevent, reduce, or retard the progression of myopia. Adequate scientific studies are therefore necessary for any treatment modality or product prior to making unsubstantiated claims of myopia prevention.
#22 Reduce the risk of myopia in children – Boston Children’s Answers
https://answers.childrenshospital.org/ways-to-prevent-myopia/
The formative years from birth to age 6 will determine the shape of a child’s eyes. Treatment during this time could lessen their chances of having myopia. […] Dr. Chan has hope that despite projections such as half the worldâs population will be nearsighted by 2050, myopia can be prevented. […] Just as parents guide their children with regular toothbrushing and flossing, they should help their children get familiar with eye-friendly habits early in life, she says. […] A proper amount of dopamine to the retina will slow elongation of the eye. […] The things that children do indoors are also connected to an increased risk of myopia, Dr. Chan says. […] Instead, parents can help their children do near-work and practice a good eye health routine with two simple steps: […] Breaks from learning on electronics â or even reading printed books â could be helpful.
#23 Advances in myopia prevention strategies for school-aged children: a comprehensive review
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10466414/
Behavioral approaches, which typically aim to decrease visual activity or near work that requires a significant amount of accommodation, are gaining popularity. […] Research indicates that engaging in near-work activities has been categorized with a higher likelihood of developing and worsening myopia. […] A widely accepted clinical suggestion, likely derived from the research above, is the 30-rule: maintaining a working distance of over 30cm and taking 30-s breaks for every 30min spent on close-up tasks. […] The COVID-19 pandemic has caused people to rely more on digital devices due to lockdown measures, which has led to concerns about the potential increased risk of myopia. […] Schools have begun restricting screen time in mainland China to curb myopia. […] In conclusion, the existing evidence consistently supports the effectiveness of atropine eye drops in preventing the development of myopia. However, further research is needed to determine the optimal concentration of atropine and the potential benefits of combining atropine eye drops with other optical devices. Other interventions like orthokeratology, soft contact lenses with myopia control features, and spectacle lenses with aspherical lenslets have also shown promising results.
#24 The Ultimate Guide to Myopia Prevention | Dr Jimmy Lim
https://jleyespecialists.com/blog/myopia-prevention/
Taking measures to control myopia in childhood can reduce the risk of these complications later in life. […] In recent years, research has provided compelling evidence linking increased outdoor time to a reduced risk of myopia in children. […] Several studies have consistently shown a strong association between spending more time outdoors and a lower incidence of myopia. […] While the ideal duration of outdoor time for myopia prevention is not yet determined, several studies have suggested that spending at least two to three hours per day outdoors can significantly reduce the risk of myopia development. […] The 20-20-20 rule is a simple yet effective technique for preventing eye strain, particularly in children who may spend prolonged periods engaged in near work such as reading or using digital devices.
#25
https://myoptometristcalgary.ca/blog/Calgary+Myopia+Top+5+Myopia+Prevention+Strategies/217
Encourage children to spend at least two hours outside each day, whether it’s playing sports, hiking, or simply enjoying the park. […] Excessive screen time and prolonged close-up work are major contributors to the development and progression of myopia. […] Implement the 20-20-20 rule: every 20 minutes, take a 20-second break to look at something 20 feet away. […] A healthy diet rich in essential vitamins and minerals plays a crucial role in maintaining overall eye health and can help in preventing myopia. […] Routine eye exams are essential for early detection and management of myopia. […] Regular check-ups allow optometrists to monitor eye health and make timely interventions. […] There are several specialized techniques and treatments available to control and slow the progression of myopia.
#26 Advances in myopia prevention strategies for school-aged children: a comprehensive review
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10466414/
Behavioral approaches, which typically aim to decrease visual activity or near work that requires a significant amount of accommodation, are gaining popularity. […] Research indicates that engaging in near-work activities has been categorized with a higher likelihood of developing and worsening myopia. […] A widely accepted clinical suggestion, likely derived from the research above, is the 30-rule: maintaining a working distance of over 30cm and taking 30-s breaks for every 30min spent on close-up tasks. […] The COVID-19 pandemic has caused people to rely more on digital devices due to lockdown measures, which has led to concerns about the potential increased risk of myopia. […] Schools have begun restricting screen time in mainland China to curb myopia. […] In conclusion, the existing evidence consistently supports the effectiveness of atropine eye drops in preventing the development of myopia. However, further research is needed to determine the optimal concentration of atropine and the potential benefits of combining atropine eye drops with other optical devices. Other interventions like orthokeratology, soft contact lenses with myopia control features, and spectacle lenses with aspherical lenslets have also shown promising results.
#27 6 Key Strategies for Reducing Screen-Induced Myopia – MCLI
https://www.miamicontactlens.com/myopia-control-strategies/
Myopia is a condition where distant objects appear blurry while nearby objects are in focus, usually caused by an elongated eyeball or an overly curved cornea. […] Studies link prolonged close-up activities, such as reading and screen time, to an increased risk of developing or worsening myopia. […] As a result, its vital to implement preventive measures early, especially for younger individuals more susceptible to these long-term consequences. […] Given the importance of digital devices in education, work, and social interaction, completely eliminating screen exposure is unrealistic. However, specific strategies can help minimize the risk of myopia progression while maintaining a balanced relationship with technology. […] The American Academy of Pediatrics suggests limiting screen time to no more than one hour daily for children aged two to five and promoting non-digital playtime for younger children.
#28 Myopia Prevention | Expert Myopia Control in Sydney
https://smartvisionoptometry.com.au/eyecare/myopia-prevention/
Shortsightedness, or myopia, is an eye focusing disorder affecting over 1.6 billion people worldwide. […] At Smart Vision Optometry, we are committed to providing effective myopia treatment and prevention to preserve vision and enhance quality of life. […] Recent research has shown that it is possible to slow down, and in many cases, stop the progression of myopia in children. […] Our comprehensive myopia control methods include vision therapy, the use of reading glasses, and encouraging increased time spent outdoors. […] To prevent myopia from worsening, follow these tips at home: […] Wear Prescription Reading Glasses: Always use your prescription reading glasses when viewing anything within arms length. […] Maintain Proper Viewing Distance: Ensure the viewing distance is no closer than the distance from your elbow to your fist when your fist is on your chin.
#29 Myopia Prevention | Expert Myopia Control in Sydney
https://smartvisionoptometry.com.au/eyecare/myopia-prevention/
Ensure Good Lighting: Use good lighting when reading, using the computer, and watching TV. Avoid dark rooms. […] Use Two Light Sources: When reading, use a room light and a direct light on the page or task. […] Take Regular Breaks: After every page or five minutes of screen time, look out a window to defocus. […] Balance Indoor and Outdoor Time: Spend equal amounts of time outdoors using peripheral vision and indoors using central vision. Aim for a minimum of 80 minutes of outdoor activity daily. […] Minimise Screen Time: Limit the use of small screens and use larger screens placed further from your eyes. […] Complete Vision Therapy: Follow your behavioural optometrists prescribed vision therapy exercises. […] At Smart Vision Optometry, our experienced optometrists are highly trained in myopia prevention and control. […] We provide tailored treatments to slow the progression of myopia and enhance your childs vision. […] Take the first step towards preserving your childs vision. Schedule a myopia prevention consultation with Smart Vision Optometry.
#30 Myopia Prevention | Expert Myopia Control in Sydney
https://smartvisionoptometry.com.au/eyecare/myopia-prevention/
Ensure Good Lighting: Use good lighting when reading, using the computer, and watching TV. Avoid dark rooms. […] Use Two Light Sources: When reading, use a room light and a direct light on the page or task. […] Take Regular Breaks: After every page or five minutes of screen time, look out a window to defocus. […] Balance Indoor and Outdoor Time: Spend equal amounts of time outdoors using peripheral vision and indoors using central vision. Aim for a minimum of 80 minutes of outdoor activity daily. […] Minimise Screen Time: Limit the use of small screens and use larger screens placed further from your eyes. […] Complete Vision Therapy: Follow your behavioural optometrists prescribed vision therapy exercises. […] At Smart Vision Optometry, our experienced optometrists are highly trained in myopia prevention and control. […] We provide tailored treatments to slow the progression of myopia and enhance your childs vision. […] Take the first step towards preserving your childs vision. Schedule a myopia prevention consultation with Smart Vision Optometry.
#31 Myopia Prevention | Expert Myopia Control in Sydney
https://smartvisionoptometry.com.au/eyecare/myopia-prevention/
Ensure Good Lighting: Use good lighting when reading, using the computer, and watching TV. Avoid dark rooms. […] Use Two Light Sources: When reading, use a room light and a direct light on the page or task. […] Take Regular Breaks: After every page or five minutes of screen time, look out a window to defocus. […] Balance Indoor and Outdoor Time: Spend equal amounts of time outdoors using peripheral vision and indoors using central vision. Aim for a minimum of 80 minutes of outdoor activity daily. […] Minimise Screen Time: Limit the use of small screens and use larger screens placed further from your eyes. […] Complete Vision Therapy: Follow your behavioural optometrists prescribed vision therapy exercises. […] At Smart Vision Optometry, our experienced optometrists are highly trained in myopia prevention and control. […] We provide tailored treatments to slow the progression of myopia and enhance your childs vision. […] Take the first step towards preserving your childs vision. Schedule a myopia prevention consultation with Smart Vision Optometry.
#32 The Ultimate Guide to Myopia Prevention | Dr Jimmy Lim
https://jleyespecialists.com/blog/myopia-prevention/
Regular eye exams allow optometrists or ophthalmologists to assess the eyes overall health, detect any early signs of myopia, and monitor its progression. Early detection enables timely intervention, which can help prevent myopia from worsening. […] Apart from outdoor activities, proper reading and screen distances, regular eye exams, and the use of corrective eyewear, there are other myopia control techniques such as use of atropine eye drops. […] Research has indicated a strong correlation between healthy lifestyle choices and a reduced risk of myopia development and progression in children. […] By promoting a holistic approach that incorporates a balanced diet, regular physical activity, and sufficient sleep, parents and educators can contribute to reducing the risk of myopia in children. […] Parents must prioritise their childs eye health by actively implementing these strategies and promoting healthy habits. By doing so, we can take proactive steps to control myopia and prevent its progression, ultimately safeguarding our childrens vision for a brighter future.
#33 Nearsightedness (Myopia) Prevention | Castle Rock, CO
https://elevationvision.com/nearsightedness-myopia-prevention/
Nearsightedness (Myopia) among children has been rapidly increasing for decades yet the risks and treatment are widely misunderstood by parents and caregivers. Prevention and early detection are two keys to controlling this epidemic impacting childrens vision, development and classroom learning. […] Doctors of optometry agree that the best way to slow myopia progression and possibly prevent it includes a combination of: […] Children should have their eyes examined by an eye doctor to get a full look at their eye health at 12 months, 3 years, 5 years of age and then every year for low-risk kids. These regular exams give your child the best chance at early detection and treatment to slow or correct nearsightedness. […] Daily time outdoors has been shown to delay the onset of myopia. […] Minimize screen time as this has been linked to increase in progression.
#34 The Ultimate Guide to Myopia Prevention | Dr Jimmy Lim
https://jleyespecialists.com/blog/myopia-prevention/
Regular eye exams allow optometrists or ophthalmologists to assess the eyes overall health, detect any early signs of myopia, and monitor its progression. Early detection enables timely intervention, which can help prevent myopia from worsening. […] Apart from outdoor activities, proper reading and screen distances, regular eye exams, and the use of corrective eyewear, there are other myopia control techniques such as use of atropine eye drops. […] Research has indicated a strong correlation between healthy lifestyle choices and a reduced risk of myopia development and progression in children. […] By promoting a holistic approach that incorporates a balanced diet, regular physical activity, and sufficient sleep, parents and educators can contribute to reducing the risk of myopia in children. […] Parents must prioritise their childs eye health by actively implementing these strategies and promoting healthy habits. By doing so, we can take proactive steps to control myopia and prevent its progression, ultimately safeguarding our childrens vision for a brighter future.
#35 Myopia Prevention & Control in Children | Effective Strategies
https://www.vision-institute.com/effective-strategies-for-myopia-management-control-in-children/
Studies have shown that wearing multifocal contact lenses can also help slow down the progression of myopia in children and teenagers. […] In addition to orthokeratology and myopia control contact lenses, there is a pharmaceutical intervention, low-dose atropine eye drops, which has been shown to be effective in reducing myopia progression. […] Encouraging children to spend more time outdoors and engage in activities that require distance vision can help reduce the risk of myopia development and progression. […] Limiting screen time and promoting regular breaks during near work activities, such as reading or using electronic devices, can also be beneficial. […] Take the necessary steps to protect their vision and ensure a bright future.
#36 Myopia Management: What You Need To Know | Zenni Optical Blog
https://www.zennioptical.com/blog/myopia-management-what-you-need-to-know/?srsltid=AfmBOopcZPPSo-IJPMyljonFsk4HZ83ymHGDcZMpNuB5BteQPGo1wD4h
Myopia is a refractive error causing distant vision blurriness while near vision is clear. […] The prevalence of myopia is rising, especially among children, due to genetic and environmental factors. […] Proper management can slow myopia progression and reduce risks of severe eye conditions. […] Increased outdoor activities and regular eye exams are vital for effective myopia management and prevention. […] Research suggests that Ortho-K can help slow the progression of myopia, particularly in children. […] Low-dose atropine eye drops, typically used in concentrations of 0.01% to 0.05%, have been shown to slow myopia progression in children. […] Specialized contact lenses designed for myopia control, such as multifocal or bifocal lenses, can help manage myopia progression. […] Encouraging children to spend more time outdoors can be a simple yet effective strategy for managing myopia.
#37 Preventing the Progression of Myopia in Children
https://consultqd.clevelandclinic.org/preventing-the-progression-of-myopia-in-children
Numerous interventions to prevent the progression of childhood myopia are being studied. […] Studies have shown that children who spend more time outdoors have a lower chance of becoming nearsighted. […] It is thought that natural sunlight or sufficient distance-viewing time may provide important cues for eye development. […] Low-dose atropine, a nonselective muscarinic antagonist, is an emerging therapy for myopia progression. […] In 2017, a report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology concluded that there is level 1 evidence that supports the use of atropine to prevent myopia progression. […] A recent global survey found that nearly two-thirds of pediatric ophthalmology society members regularly prescribe 0.01% atropine to reduce myopia progression. […] Other treatments for myopia are optical methods, including overnight corneal reshaping contact lenses (orthokeratology) and dual-focus daily soft contact lenses.
#38 Preventing the Progression of Myopia in Children
https://consultqd.clevelandclinic.org/preventing-the-progression-of-myopia-in-children
Numerous interventions to prevent the progression of childhood myopia are being studied. […] Studies have shown that children who spend more time outdoors have a lower chance of becoming nearsighted. […] It is thought that natural sunlight or sufficient distance-viewing time may provide important cues for eye development. […] Low-dose atropine, a nonselective muscarinic antagonist, is an emerging therapy for myopia progression. […] In 2017, a report by the American Academy of Ophthalmology concluded that there is level 1 evidence that supports the use of atropine to prevent myopia progression. […] A recent global survey found that nearly two-thirds of pediatric ophthalmology society members regularly prescribe 0.01% atropine to reduce myopia progression. […] Other treatments for myopia are optical methods, including overnight corneal reshaping contact lenses (orthokeratology) and dual-focus daily soft contact lenses.
#39 Preventing Myopia
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5615392/
It is recommended that children be exposed to approximately 2 hours of daylight per day to prevent myopia. […] Progression of myopia can be reduced by administering atropine 0.01% eye drops as indicated and prescribed by the treating ophthalmologist. Effects must be monitored approximately every 6 months. […] There is an urgent need for further clinical trials conducted in Europe in order to add to current data, most of which comes from Asian populations.
#40 Pathologic Myopia Prevention Requires Axial Slowing Treatment – Optometry Advisor
https://www.optometryadvisor.com/features/pathologic-myopia-axial-elongation-treatments/
Educating patients and their caregivers can inform them of the risks of pathologic myopia and make them aware of the risks and benefits associated with various myopia control treatments. […] Although myopia control is an evolving field, scientifically-substantiated therapies exist for limiting axial growth. […] Research suggests that low-dose atropine is the most effective intervention for slowing myopic progression (efficacy between 60% and 77%), followed by orthokeratology (efficacy between 37% and 56%), peripheral defocus-modifying contact lenses (efficacy between 25% and 79%) and bifocal or progressive addition spectacle lenses (average efficacy 19%).19 […] Pathologic myopia is associated with longer axial length, unmodifiable risk factors, and visual acuity loss. High myopia warrants educating patients and their caregivers on factors associated with the disorder and frequently monitoring these patients using OCT, visual field assessment, and fundus photography. Optometrists must also encourage their patients to spend more time outdoors and less time performing near work activities.30 […] While this proactive approach may not guarantee successful patient outcomes, treating myopia as a disease not just as a refractive condition can reduce the risk of vision loss and ocular pathology resulting from pathologic myopia.
#41 Myopia Control Center Reno – Visionary Eye Center
https://visionaryeyecenter.com/myopia-control/
Amazing new research shows that there may be ways to keep the children in the Reno and Sparks area from getting more nearsighted at our Myopia Control Center. […] Several studies have shown the incredible capability of atropine to slow the progression of nearsightedness. […] This treatment option may be combined with other prevention methods, though there are no studies demonstrating increased effectiveness of multiple therapies. […] This popular alternative to glasses, daytime contact lenses and LASIK turns out to have a hidden beneficial side effect of reducing myopia progression by roughly half. […] Published studies have shown around a 40% reduction in myopic progression. […] Research shows that wearing full correction single vision glasses do not seem to have any slowing effect, but that wearing progressives (4%) and lined bifocals (16%) had a small but insignificant effect on myopia progression rates.
#42 Pathologic Myopia Prevention Requires Axial Slowing Treatment – Optometry Advisor
https://www.optometryadvisor.com/features/pathologic-myopia-axial-elongation-treatments/
Educating patients and their caregivers can inform them of the risks of pathologic myopia and make them aware of the risks and benefits associated with various myopia control treatments. […] Although myopia control is an evolving field, scientifically-substantiated therapies exist for limiting axial growth. […] Research suggests that low-dose atropine is the most effective intervention for slowing myopic progression (efficacy between 60% and 77%), followed by orthokeratology (efficacy between 37% and 56%), peripheral defocus-modifying contact lenses (efficacy between 25% and 79%) and bifocal or progressive addition spectacle lenses (average efficacy 19%).19 […] Pathologic myopia is associated with longer axial length, unmodifiable risk factors, and visual acuity loss. High myopia warrants educating patients and their caregivers on factors associated with the disorder and frequently monitoring these patients using OCT, visual field assessment, and fundus photography. Optometrists must also encourage their patients to spend more time outdoors and less time performing near work activities.30 […] While this proactive approach may not guarantee successful patient outcomes, treating myopia as a disease not just as a refractive condition can reduce the risk of vision loss and ocular pathology resulting from pathologic myopia.
#43 Preventing the Progression of Myopia in Children
https://consultqd.clevelandclinic.org/preventing-the-progression-of-myopia-in-children
A three-year randomized controlled trial found that MiSight resulted in a 59% reduction in myopic progression and a 52% reduction in axial length. […] Further studies are indicated to assess the safety of children wearing contact lenses long-term as well as rebound myopic progression after discontinuation.
#44
https://journals.lww.com/kjop/fulltext/2022/34030/myopia__strategies_to_prevent_progression.23.aspx
The DIMS technology is based on the idea of creating simultaneous defocus during both distance and near viewing; one plane on the retina due to the lens’ single vision zone (s) and one plane creating myopic defocus due to the + 3.50D defocus lenslets. […] Prevention of myopia progression is very important to prevent its potentially blinding complications. […] Pharmacological and optical interventions along with lifestyle modification have made many contributions toward preventing the progression of myopia to some extent according to various studies.
#45 Pathologic Myopia Prevention Requires Axial Slowing Treatment – Optometry Advisor
https://www.optometryadvisor.com/features/pathologic-myopia-axial-elongation-treatments/
Educating patients and their caregivers can inform them of the risks of pathologic myopia and make them aware of the risks and benefits associated with various myopia control treatments. […] Although myopia control is an evolving field, scientifically-substantiated therapies exist for limiting axial growth. […] Research suggests that low-dose atropine is the most effective intervention for slowing myopic progression (efficacy between 60% and 77%), followed by orthokeratology (efficacy between 37% and 56%), peripheral defocus-modifying contact lenses (efficacy between 25% and 79%) and bifocal or progressive addition spectacle lenses (average efficacy 19%).19 […] Pathologic myopia is associated with longer axial length, unmodifiable risk factors, and visual acuity loss. High myopia warrants educating patients and their caregivers on factors associated with the disorder and frequently monitoring these patients using OCT, visual field assessment, and fundus photography. Optometrists must also encourage their patients to spend more time outdoors and less time performing near work activities.30 […] While this proactive approach may not guarantee successful patient outcomes, treating myopia as a disease not just as a refractive condition can reduce the risk of vision loss and ocular pathology resulting from pathologic myopia.
#46 Myopia prevention and control in children: a systematic review and network meta-analysis | Eye
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41433-023-02534-8
Compared with control, orthokeratology, 1%Atropine, 0.01%Atropine + orthokeratology could significantly slow the progression of myopia. […] Most of the combination interventions were more effective than other types of interventions, with 1%Atropine + bifocal spectacle lenses and 0.01%Atropine + orthokeratology being significantly more effective than progressive addition spectacle lenses for myopia prevention and control. […] The main strengths of our current network meta-analysis are as follows: firstly, the included studies and the resulting sample size are very large; secondly, many combination interventions contribute to the analysis of the additive effects of two interventions. […] The greatest feature of this study is the inclusion of multiple combination interventions, and the results showed that almost all combination interventions were significantly more effective than others. […] Combined measures can not only reduce the side effects of a single intervention but also produce greater effective sizes, which is worth recommending; in addition, Atropine (1%, 0.5%, 0.1%, 0.05%, 0.01%) and orthokeratology are also effective in myopia prevention and control.
#47 Reduce the risk of myopia in children – Boston Children’s Answers
https://answers.childrenshospital.org/ways-to-prevent-myopia/
The formative years from birth to age 6 will determine the shape of a child’s eyes. Treatment during this time could lessen their chances of having myopia. […] Dr. Chan has hope that despite projections such as half the worldâs population will be nearsighted by 2050, myopia can be prevented. […] Just as parents guide their children with regular toothbrushing and flossing, they should help their children get familiar with eye-friendly habits early in life, she says. […] A proper amount of dopamine to the retina will slow elongation of the eye. […] The things that children do indoors are also connected to an increased risk of myopia, Dr. Chan says. […] Instead, parents can help their children do near-work and practice a good eye health routine with two simple steps: […] Breaks from learning on electronics â or even reading printed books â could be helpful.
#48 Nearsightedness (Myopia) Prevention | Castle Rock, CO
https://elevationvision.com/nearsightedness-myopia-prevention/
Nearsightedness (Myopia) among children has been rapidly increasing for decades yet the risks and treatment are widely misunderstood by parents and caregivers. Prevention and early detection are two keys to controlling this epidemic impacting childrens vision, development and classroom learning. […] Doctors of optometry agree that the best way to slow myopia progression and possibly prevent it includes a combination of: […] Children should have their eyes examined by an eye doctor to get a full look at their eye health at 12 months, 3 years, 5 years of age and then every year for low-risk kids. These regular exams give your child the best chance at early detection and treatment to slow or correct nearsightedness. […] Daily time outdoors has been shown to delay the onset of myopia. […] Minimize screen time as this has been linked to increase in progression.
#49 Myopia Prevention Program Lowers Prevalence in Preschoolers
https://www.reviewofoptometry.com/article/myopia-prevention-program-lowers-prevalence-in-preschoolers
Outdoor time for kids again proves its value in myopia mitigation. […] Evidence continues to mount that more time spent outdoors can decrease myopia risk across various populations, particularly in young children. […] The public health bureau that led the program promoted awareness and educational campaigns focusing on myopia prevention strategies, such as ensuring ideal classroom lighting and table height, limiting prolonged near work activities including screen time and encouraging children to be outside for a minimum of 120 minutes each day. […] Considering that this school-based outdoor promotion program was able to decrease myopia prevalence by 5.2% in preschoolers, similar programs may have a protective effect on younger populations and encourage them to create lifelong habits that will reduce their myopia risk in years to come, the researchers argued.
#50 6 Key Strategies for Reducing Screen-Induced Myopia – MCLI
https://www.miamicontactlens.com/myopia-control-strategies/
Myopia is a condition where distant objects appear blurry while nearby objects are in focus, usually caused by an elongated eyeball or an overly curved cornea. […] Studies link prolonged close-up activities, such as reading and screen time, to an increased risk of developing or worsening myopia. […] As a result, its vital to implement preventive measures early, especially for younger individuals more susceptible to these long-term consequences. […] Given the importance of digital devices in education, work, and social interaction, completely eliminating screen exposure is unrealistic. However, specific strategies can help minimize the risk of myopia progression while maintaining a balanced relationship with technology. […] The American Academy of Pediatrics suggests limiting screen time to no more than one hour daily for children aged two to five and promoting non-digital playtime for younger children.
#51 6 Key Strategies for Reducing Screen-Induced Myopia – MCLI
https://www.miamicontactlens.com/myopia-control-strategies/
Research indicates that spending time outdoors can be a powerful factor in reducing myopia progression, possibly due to the exposure to natural light and the opportunity for the eyes to focus on distant objects. […] Proper lighting can help reduce eye strain, which is a contributing factor in myopia development. […] For children who are already showing signs of myopia, specialized myopia control lenses or contact lenses may be effective in slowing its progression. […] Regular eye exams are essential for early detection of myopia, especially for children and teens. […] Encouraging balanced screen time, practicing preventive techniques, and seeking regular eye care can go a long way in reducing the risk of screen-induced myopia.
#52
https://www.aao.org/eye-health/diseases/myopia-control-in-children
Studies show myopia is becoming more common among children. […] Doctors are looking at ways to slow the progression of myopia in children. While myopia cannot be reversed, the goal of treatment is to keep it from getting worse. This can protect a child’s eye health in the future, despite still needing to wear glasses or contact lenses. […] When given to children in small amounts for 2 to 3 years, atropine eye drops may slow the progression of myopia. […] These special contact lenses are worn by children 6 to 12 years of age with myopia. […] Blurring side vision is thought to slow eye growth and limit myopia. […] Make sure your child spends more time outdoors. Limit screen time on computers or other digital devices. By balancing screen time with outdoor time, you may help limit your child’s myopia and protect their vision as they grow older.
#53 Public Health Approaches to Myopia Prevention and Control – Part 1 | OCUCO
https://www.ocuco.com/uk/resources/blogs/public-health-approaches-to-myopia-prevention-and-control-part-1
In relation to myopia prevention, a more conventional public health approach is necessary, comprising community initiatives such as health promotion, health policy and systems reform to alter societal behavior and thereby prevent myopia onset. […] Enhanced public health screening for myopia would also be useful in identifying those at risk (pre-myopes) and initiating earlier intervention for those already affected. […] There is strong evidence that time spent outdoors impacts the risk of myopia development. […] These risk factors represent the target for behavior change through public health intervention. […] Measures such as modifying classroom design to allow more light and an extended field of view, increasing school break time outdoors and building awareness through public health campaigns are examples of interventions that have been implemented in parts of Asia where the myopia epidemic is long-established.
#54 A Simple Fix for Nearsightedness
https://www.webmd.com/parenting/features/nearsightedness-simple-fix
„There is a clearly defined treatable period between ages 8 and 25 during which there is the greatest progression of myopia, and myopia control is most effective during those years.” […] „Myopia control is most effective when initiated as early as possible, so I am often recommending MiSight as soon as a child fits the parameters,” Onken says. […] „Go outside and play. That’s the best thing parents can tell their children to help prevent myopia,” Tkatchenko says. […] A number of studies have shown that outside activities suppress the development of myopia. […] One simple prescription that could protect your child from getting myopia in the first place: spending time outside.
#55 Preventing Myopia
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5615392/
Nearsightedness (myopia) has become more common around the world recently, mainly because of changes in visual, educational, and recreational behavior. The question arises how the risk of myopia and its progression can be reduced. This would lessen the prevalence and severity of myopia and also lower the risk of secondary diseases that impair visual acuity. […] The risk of myopia is lowered by exposure to daylight and increased by activities performed at short visual distances (close-up work). A person with little exposure to daylight has a fivefold risk of developing myopia, which can rise as high as a 16-fold risk if that person also performs close-up work. […] Effective pharmacological and optical measures are now available to lessen the progression of myopia. The increasing prevalence of myopia should motivate pediatricians, parents, and schools to pay attention to risk factors such as close-up work and lack of daylight exposure, particularly in view of the increased use of digital media.
#56 Treatment for nearsightedness
https://en.augenaerzte-in-duesseldorf.de/treatment-for-nearsightedness/
Myopic patients are limited in everyday life depending on the severity of the visual impairment. […] That is why we recommend preventive medical checkups for nearsighted people. […] To prevent secondary diseases of myopia, we recommend regular check-ups. We offer special preventive check-ups for myopia patients to track the creeping process of pathological changes in the eye and, if necessary, be able to respond in good time with appropriate treatment. […] Myopic patients should take the preventive care once a year from the age of 40. […] In the case of visual disturbances such as flashes or foggy vision or other acute visual disturbances, an ophthalmologist should be consulted immediately.
#57 Nearsightedness in Kids: Taking a Closer Look | Kaiser Permanente
https://about.kaiserpermanente.org/health-and-wellness/health-tips/take-a-closer-look-at-nearsightedness
Nearsightedness, also known as myopia, is on the rise. To reverse that trend and protect their vision, kids need plenty of outdoor time. […] Preventing the onset and delaying the progression of nearsightedness has been identified as an important public health issue by the American Academy of Ophthalmology. […] We should aim to have children spend at least 2 hours a day outdoors to decrease their risk of becoming nearsighted, he said. Exposure to natural light when kids are outdoors has shown to significantly decrease their risk of developing nearsightedness.
#58 New Report Recommends Myopia Be Classified as a Disease, Policies for Children to Spend Time Outdoors | National Academies
https://www.nationalacademies.org/news/2024/09/new-report-recommends-myopia-be-classified-as-a-disease-policies-for-children-to-spend-time-outdoors
WASHINGTON â With the greatly increased prevalence of myopia, commonly called nearsightedness, over the last three decades, the federal government should pursue policy changes that would encourage young people to spend more time outdoors, says a new report from the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. […] The report recommends between one to two hours outdoors each day for children because studies show that being outdoors stimulates the eye with light that is brighter and more varied and requires different eye movements and focus compared to when indoors. […] There is unequivocal evidence that increased time outdoors slows excessive eye growth in children and therefore reduces the risk of developing myopia. […] The report recommends that the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention produce evidence-based guidelines, supported by federal and state departments of education and health care providers, promoting more time outdoors (at least one hour per day) for children.
#59 New Report Recommends Myopia Be Classified as a Disease, Policies for Children to Spend Time Outdoors | National Academies
https://www.nationalacademies.org/news/2024/09/new-report-recommends-myopia-be-classified-as-a-disease-policies-for-children-to-spend-time-outdoors
WASHINGTON â With the greatly increased prevalence of myopia, commonly called nearsightedness, over the last three decades, the federal government should pursue policy changes that would encourage young people to spend more time outdoors, says a new report from the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. […] The report recommends between one to two hours outdoors each day for children because studies show that being outdoors stimulates the eye with light that is brighter and more varied and requires different eye movements and focus compared to when indoors. […] There is unequivocal evidence that increased time outdoors slows excessive eye growth in children and therefore reduces the risk of developing myopia. […] The report recommends that the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention produce evidence-based guidelines, supported by federal and state departments of education and health care providers, promoting more time outdoors (at least one hour per day) for children.
#60 New Report Recommends Myopia Be Classified as a Disease, Policies for Children to Spend Time Outdoors | National Academies
https://www.nationalacademies.org/news/2024/09/new-report-recommends-myopia-be-classified-as-a-disease-policies-for-children-to-spend-time-outdoors
To further develop the knowledge base related to myopia and to reduce the incidence and negative consequences of the disease, eye care professionals, federal agencies, and funding agencies need to make improvements to standardize care, increase funding to study treatments, encourage outdoor time, and overall facilitate the standardization of assessments and diagnostics. Progress in these areas is imperative to address the current increase in myopia across the country.
#61 Myopia: Causes, Prevention, and Treatment of an Increasingly Common Disease | The National Academies Press
https://nap.nationalacademies.org/catalog/27734/myopia-causes-prevention-and-treatment-of-an-increasingly-common-disease
Myopia, commonly called nearsightedness, has been increasing globally. […] To further develop the knowledge base related to myopia and to reduce the incidence and negative consequences of the disease, eye care professionals, federal agencies, and funding agencies need to make improvements to standardize care, increase funding to study treatments, encourage outdoor time, and overall facilitate the standardization of assessments and diagnostics. […] Progress in these areas is imperative to address the current increase in myopia across the country.
#62 New Report Recommends Myopia Be Classified as a Disease, Policies for Children to Spend Time Outdoors | National Academies
https://www.nationalacademies.org/news/2024/09/new-report-recommends-myopia-be-classified-as-a-disease-policies-for-children-to-spend-time-outdoors
WASHINGTON â With the greatly increased prevalence of myopia, commonly called nearsightedness, over the last three decades, the federal government should pursue policy changes that would encourage young people to spend more time outdoors, says a new report from the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine. […] The report recommends between one to two hours outdoors each day for children because studies show that being outdoors stimulates the eye with light that is brighter and more varied and requires different eye movements and focus compared to when indoors. […] There is unequivocal evidence that increased time outdoors slows excessive eye growth in children and therefore reduces the risk of developing myopia. […] The report recommends that the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention produce evidence-based guidelines, supported by federal and state departments of education and health care providers, promoting more time outdoors (at least one hour per day) for children.
#63 Preventing Myopia
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC5615392/
It is recommended that children be exposed to approximately 2 hours of daylight per day to prevent myopia. […] Progression of myopia can be reduced by administering atropine 0.01% eye drops as indicated and prescribed by the treating ophthalmologist. Effects must be monitored approximately every 6 months. […] There is an urgent need for further clinical trials conducted in Europe in order to add to current data, most of which comes from Asian populations.
#64 Nearsightedness (Myopia) Prevention | Castle Rock, CO
https://elevationvision.com/nearsightedness-myopia-prevention/
Nearsightedness (Myopia) among children has been rapidly increasing for decades yet the risks and treatment are widely misunderstood by parents and caregivers. Prevention and early detection are two keys to controlling this epidemic impacting childrens vision, development and classroom learning. […] Doctors of optometry agree that the best way to slow myopia progression and possibly prevent it includes a combination of: […] Children should have their eyes examined by an eye doctor to get a full look at their eye health at 12 months, 3 years, 5 years of age and then every year for low-risk kids. These regular exams give your child the best chance at early detection and treatment to slow or correct nearsightedness. […] Daily time outdoors has been shown to delay the onset of myopia. […] Minimize screen time as this has been linked to increase in progression.
#65
https://myoptometristcalgary.ca/blog/Calgary+Myopia+Top+5+Myopia+Prevention+Strategies/217
Encourage children to spend at least two hours outside each day, whether it’s playing sports, hiking, or simply enjoying the park. […] Excessive screen time and prolonged close-up work are major contributors to the development and progression of myopia. […] Implement the 20-20-20 rule: every 20 minutes, take a 20-second break to look at something 20 feet away. […] A healthy diet rich in essential vitamins and minerals plays a crucial role in maintaining overall eye health and can help in preventing myopia. […] Routine eye exams are essential for early detection and management of myopia. […] Regular check-ups allow optometrists to monitor eye health and make timely interventions. […] There are several specialized techniques and treatments available to control and slow the progression of myopia.
#66 Myopia Prevention | Expert Myopia Control in Sydney
https://smartvisionoptometry.com.au/eyecare/myopia-prevention/
Ensure Good Lighting: Use good lighting when reading, using the computer, and watching TV. Avoid dark rooms. […] Use Two Light Sources: When reading, use a room light and a direct light on the page or task. […] Take Regular Breaks: After every page or five minutes of screen time, look out a window to defocus. […] Balance Indoor and Outdoor Time: Spend equal amounts of time outdoors using peripheral vision and indoors using central vision. Aim for a minimum of 80 minutes of outdoor activity daily. […] Minimise Screen Time: Limit the use of small screens and use larger screens placed further from your eyes. […] Complete Vision Therapy: Follow your behavioural optometrists prescribed vision therapy exercises. […] At Smart Vision Optometry, our experienced optometrists are highly trained in myopia prevention and control. […] We provide tailored treatments to slow the progression of myopia and enhance your childs vision. […] Take the first step towards preserving your childs vision. Schedule a myopia prevention consultation with Smart Vision Optometry.
#67 Advances in myopia prevention strategies for school-aged children: a comprehensive review
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10466414/
Behavioral approaches, which typically aim to decrease visual activity or near work that requires a significant amount of accommodation, are gaining popularity. […] Research indicates that engaging in near-work activities has been categorized with a higher likelihood of developing and worsening myopia. […] A widely accepted clinical suggestion, likely derived from the research above, is the 30-rule: maintaining a working distance of over 30cm and taking 30-s breaks for every 30min spent on close-up tasks. […] The COVID-19 pandemic has caused people to rely more on digital devices due to lockdown measures, which has led to concerns about the potential increased risk of myopia. […] Schools have begun restricting screen time in mainland China to curb myopia. […] In conclusion, the existing evidence consistently supports the effectiveness of atropine eye drops in preventing the development of myopia. However, further research is needed to determine the optimal concentration of atropine and the potential benefits of combining atropine eye drops with other optical devices. Other interventions like orthokeratology, soft contact lenses with myopia control features, and spectacle lenses with aspherical lenslets have also shown promising results.
#68 Nearsightedness (Myopia) Prevention | Castle Rock, CO
https://elevationvision.com/nearsightedness-myopia-prevention/
Nearsightedness (Myopia) among children has been rapidly increasing for decades yet the risks and treatment are widely misunderstood by parents and caregivers. Prevention and early detection are two keys to controlling this epidemic impacting childrens vision, development and classroom learning. […] Doctors of optometry agree that the best way to slow myopia progression and possibly prevent it includes a combination of: […] Children should have their eyes examined by an eye doctor to get a full look at their eye health at 12 months, 3 years, 5 years of age and then every year for low-risk kids. These regular exams give your child the best chance at early detection and treatment to slow or correct nearsightedness. […] Daily time outdoors has been shown to delay the onset of myopia. […] Minimize screen time as this has been linked to increase in progression.
#69 Myopia Prevention & Control in Children | Effective Strategies
https://www.vision-institute.com/effective-strategies-for-myopia-management-control-in-children/
Studies have shown that wearing multifocal contact lenses can also help slow down the progression of myopia in children and teenagers. […] In addition to orthokeratology and myopia control contact lenses, there is a pharmaceutical intervention, low-dose atropine eye drops, which has been shown to be effective in reducing myopia progression. […] Encouraging children to spend more time outdoors and engage in activities that require distance vision can help reduce the risk of myopia development and progression. […] Limiting screen time and promoting regular breaks during near work activities, such as reading or using electronic devices, can also be beneficial. […] Take the necessary steps to protect their vision and ensure a bright future.
#70
https://www.aao.org/eye-health/diseases/myopia-control-in-children
Studies show myopia is becoming more common among children. […] Doctors are looking at ways to slow the progression of myopia in children. While myopia cannot be reversed, the goal of treatment is to keep it from getting worse. This can protect a child’s eye health in the future, despite still needing to wear glasses or contact lenses. […] When given to children in small amounts for 2 to 3 years, atropine eye drops may slow the progression of myopia. […] These special contact lenses are worn by children 6 to 12 years of age with myopia. […] Blurring side vision is thought to slow eye growth and limit myopia. […] Make sure your child spends more time outdoors. Limit screen time on computers or other digital devices. By balancing screen time with outdoor time, you may help limit your child’s myopia and protect their vision as they grow older.
#71 Myopia prevention in Taiwan – Wu – Annals of Eye Science
https://aes.amegroups.org/article/view/4010/4715
The vision impairment rate of primary school children in Taiwan dramatically decreased, unprecedentedly, and continued after the outdoor implementation from 2012 to 2015 to around 46%. This may represent that the outdoor activity implementation in TSVCP works in myopia prevention among schoolchildren in Taiwan. […] Nowadays, the TSVCP is reiterating to teachers and students that myopia is an irreversible disease and progresses in children. In addition, outdoor activities and near work breaks are the main items for myopia prevention promoted in school. […] Evidence-based effective treatments such as low concentration atropine or orthokeratology are the treatments of choice for the control of myopia. […] The aim of the TSVCP is to decrease the prevalence of myopia, in order to decrease the high myopia related blind population in the near future.
#72 Myopia – Wikipedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Myopia
Various methods have been employed in an attempt to decrease the progression of myopia, although studies show mixed results. […] Some studies have indicated that having children spend time outdoors reduces the incidence of myopia. […] The use of reading glasses when doing close work may improve vision by reducing or eliminating the need to accommodate. […] Anti-muscarinic topical medications in children under 18 years of age may slow the worsening of myopia. […] Scleral reinforcement surgery is aimed to cover the thinning posterior pole with a supportive material to withstand intraocular pressure and prevent further progression of the posterior staphyloma. […] The National Institutes of Health says there is no known way of preventing myopia, and the use of glasses or contact lenses does not affect its progression, unless the glasses or contact lenses are too strong of a prescription. […] There is no universally accepted method of preventing myopia and proposed methods need additional study to determine their effectiveness.