Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Hemochromatosis – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hemochromatosis/symptoms-causes/syc-20351443

  Hemochromatosis (he-moe-kroe-muh-TOE-sis) is a condition that causes the body to absorb too much iron from food. Excess iron is stored in the organs, especially the liver, heart and pancreas. Too much iron can lead to life-threatening conditions, such as liver disease, heart problems and diabetes. […] Symptoms usually appear in midlife. […] Some people with hemochromatosis never have symptoms. Early symptoms often overlap with those of other common conditions. […] Symptoms may include: Joint pain. Belly pain. Fatigue. Weakness. Diabetes. Loss of sex drive. Impotence. Heart failure. Liver failure. Bronze or gray skin color. Memory fog. […] The most common type of hemochromatosis is present at birth. But most people don’t experience symptoms until later in life usually after age 40 in men and after age 60 in women. Women are more likely to develop symptoms after menopause, when they no longer lose iron with menstruation and pregnancy.

• #2 Hemochromatosis | Iron Overload | MedlinePlus

  https://medlineplus.gov/hemochromatosis.html

  Hemochromatosis is a disease in which too much iron builds up in your body. Your body needs iron but too much of it is toxic. If you have hemochromatosis, you absorb more iron than you need. Your body has no natural way to get rid of the extra iron. It stores it in body tissues, especially the liver, heart, and pancreas. The extra iron can damage your organs. Without treatment, it can cause your organs to fail. […] Many symptoms of hemochromatosis are similar to those of other diseases. Not everyone has symptoms. If you do, you may have joint pain, fatigue, general weakness, weight loss, and stomach pain.

• #3 Hemochromatosis Clinical Presentation: History and Physical Examination, Screening

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/177216-clinical

  Patients with hereditary hemochromatosis may be asymptomatic or may present with general and organ-related signs and symptoms. […] Symptoms from hemochromatosis usually begin between age 30 years and age 50 years, but they may occur much earlier in life. Most patients are asymptomatic (75%) and are diagnosed when elevated serum iron levels are noted on a routine chemistry screening panel or when screening is performed because a relative is diagnosed with hemochromatosis. […] Early symptoms include severe fatigue (74%), impotence (45%), and arthralgia (44%); fatigue and arthralgia are the most common symptoms prompting a visit to a physician. The most common signs at the time of presentation are hepatomegaly (13%), skin pigmentation, and arthritis. […] Liver function abnormalities occur in 35-75% of patients. Among organ-related symptoms, hepatomegaly is seen in more than 95% of patients and can be accompanied by signs of chronic liver disease, such as abdominal pain and cutaneous stigmata of liver disease (palmar erythema, spider angioma, or jaundice), and liver failure (ascites or encephalopathy).

• #4 What Are the Signs and Symptoms of Hemochromatosis? | Hematology-Oncology Associates of CNY

  https://www.hoacny.com/patient-resources/blood-disorders/what-hemochromatosis/what-are-signs-and-symptoms-hemochromatosis

  Hemochromatosis can affect many parts of the body and cause various signs and symptoms. Many of the signs and symptoms are similar to those of other diseases. […] Signs and symptoms of hemochromatosis usually don’t occur until middle age. Women are more likely to have general symptoms first, such as fatigue (tiredness). In men, complications such as diabetes or cirrhosis (scarring of the liver) often are the first signs of the disease. […] Common signs and symptoms of hemochromatosis include joint pain, fatigue, general weakness, weight loss, and stomach pain. […] Not everyone who has hemochromatosis has signs or symptoms of the disease. Estimates of how many people develop signs and symptoms vary greatly. Some estimates suggest that as many as half of all people who have the disease don’t have signs or symptoms.

• #5 Symptoms & Causes of Hemochromatosis – NIDDK

  https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/liver-disease/hemochromatosis/symptoms-causes

  With the buildup of harmful levels of iron, hemochromatosis can cause symptoms including feeling tired or weak, pain in the joints, particularly in the knees and hands, loss of interest in sex or erectile dysfunction, pain in the abdomen over the liver, darkening of skin color, which may appear gray, metallic, or bronze. […] With more severe iron overload, people may develop signs and symptoms of complications, such as cirrhosis, diabetes, or heart failure. […] Not everyone with hemochromatosis has symptoms, and hemochromatosis may not cause symptoms for many years. Symptoms typically begin after age 40, and, on average, women develop symptoms about 10 years later than men do. […] The most severe forms of non-HFE hemochromatosis are due to mutations in the HJV genes or the HAMP genes. People with these mutations develop symptoms and complications at a young age and may have cirrhosis and other complications from iron overload by their teenage years.

• #6 Hemochromatosis Clinical Presentation: History and Physical Examination, Screening

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/177216-clinical

  Patients with hereditary hemochromatosis may be asymptomatic or may present with general and organ-related signs and symptoms. […] Symptoms from hemochromatosis usually begin between age 30 years and age 50 years, but they may occur much earlier in life. Most patients are asymptomatic (75%) and are diagnosed when elevated serum iron levels are noted on a routine chemistry screening panel or when screening is performed because a relative is diagnosed with hemochromatosis. […] Early symptoms include severe fatigue (74%), impotence (45%), and arthralgia (44%); fatigue and arthralgia are the most common symptoms prompting a visit to a physician. The most common signs at the time of presentation are hepatomegaly (13%), skin pigmentation, and arthritis. […] Liver function abnormalities occur in 35-75% of patients. Among organ-related symptoms, hepatomegaly is seen in more than 95% of patients and can be accompanied by signs of chronic liver disease, such as abdominal pain and cutaneous stigmata of liver disease (palmar erythema, spider angioma, or jaundice), and liver failure (ascites or encephalopathy).

• #7 7 Symptoms Never to Ignore If You Have Hemochromatosis

  https://resources.healthgrades.com/right-care/blood-conditions/7-symptoms-never-to-ignore-with-hemochromatosis

  Hemochromatosis is a potentially fatal—but treatable—iron overload disorder that often doesn’t cause symptoms until complications occur, such as liver or heart problems. Other early symptoms you might experience are similar to those of other conditions, so you (and your doctor) may not suspect hemochromatosis. […] Most women don’t develop signs of this disorder until after menopause (about age 50); men may first experience symptoms from ages 30 to 50. If you have risk factors or a family history of hemochromatosis, you can ask your doctor to be tested before you show symptoms. But if you do experience any of these symptoms, let your doctor know right away and ask if hemochromatosis could be the cause or, if you’ve been diagnosed, to avoid further complications. […] Pain in your joints is one of the most common symptoms of hemochromatosis, caused by iron deposits in the joints that can result in arthritis.

• #8 Symptoms | Hemochromatosis.org – An Education Website for Hemochromatosis and Too Much Iron

  https://hemochromatosis.org/hemochromatosis-symptoms/

  Chronic fatigue and joint pain are the most common complaints of people with hemochromatosis. For this reason, the complete diagnosis is often delayed because these two symptoms are commonly seen in other diseases. Pain in the knuckles of the pointer and middle finger, collectively called “The Iron Fist,” is the only sign or symptom specific to hemochromatosis. However, not everyone with HH experiences the Iron Fist. […] When symptoms are associated with hemochromatosis, these usually begin in men in their late 20’s to early 30’s. In women, symptoms usually start about 10-15 years after they stop having a period due to menopause, birth control pills, or hysterectomy. […] Diseases that can develop if left untreated include: osteoarthritis or osteoporosis in knuckles, ankles, and hips; enlarged liver, cirrhosis, cancer, and liver failure; abnormal skin color (bronze, reddish or ashen-gray); irregular heartbeat, enlarged heart, congestive heart failure; diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, hypogonadism (infertility, impotence), hormone imbalances; enlarged spleen. […] When hemochromatosis is discovered early and treated before organ damage can occur, a person can live a normal, healthy life.

• #9 Hemochromatosis – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hemochromatosis/symptoms-causes/syc-20351443

  Hemochromatosis (he-moe-kroe-muh-TOE-sis) is a condition that causes the body to absorb too much iron from food. Excess iron is stored in the organs, especially the liver, heart and pancreas. Too much iron can lead to life-threatening conditions, such as liver disease, heart problems and diabetes. […] Symptoms usually appear in midlife. […] Some people with hemochromatosis never have symptoms. Early symptoms often overlap with those of other common conditions. […] Symptoms may include: Joint pain. Belly pain. Fatigue. Weakness. Diabetes. Loss of sex drive. Impotence. Heart failure. Liver failure. Bronze or gray skin color. Memory fog. […] The most common type of hemochromatosis is present at birth. But most people don’t experience symptoms until later in life usually after age 40 in men and after age 60 in women. Women are more likely to develop symptoms after menopause, when they no longer lose iron with menstruation and pregnancy.

• #10 Hemochromatosis Clinical Presentation: History and Physical Examination, Screening

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/177216-clinical

  Patients with hereditary hemochromatosis may be asymptomatic or may present with general and organ-related signs and symptoms. […] Symptoms from hemochromatosis usually begin between age 30 years and age 50 years, but they may occur much earlier in life. Most patients are asymptomatic (75%) and are diagnosed when elevated serum iron levels are noted on a routine chemistry screening panel or when screening is performed because a relative is diagnosed with hemochromatosis. […] Early symptoms include severe fatigue (74%), impotence (45%), and arthralgia (44%); fatigue and arthralgia are the most common symptoms prompting a visit to a physician. The most common signs at the time of presentation are hepatomegaly (13%), skin pigmentation, and arthritis. […] Liver function abnormalities occur in 35-75% of patients. Among organ-related symptoms, hepatomegaly is seen in more than 95% of patients and can be accompanied by signs of chronic liver disease, such as abdominal pain and cutaneous stigmata of liver disease (palmar erythema, spider angioma, or jaundice), and liver failure (ascites or encephalopathy).

• #11

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/haemochromatosis/symptoms/

  Symptoms of haemochromatosis usually begin between the ages of 30 and 60, although they can occur earlier. […] The symptoms tend to develop earlier in men than in women. Women often do not experience problems until after the menopause. […] Initial symptoms of haemochromatosis can include: feeling very tired all the time (fatigue), brain fog, mood swings, depression and anxiety, weight loss, weakness, joint pain, especially in the fingers, an inability to get or maintain an erection (erectile dysfunction), irregular periods or stopped or missed periods. […] As the condition progresses, it can also cause problems such as: loss of sex drive (libido), darkening of the skin, if you are white you may look permanently tanned, tummy (abdominal) pain and swelling, yellowing of the skin (which may be less noticeable on brown or black skin) and the white parts of the eyes (jaundice), feeling thirsty all the time and needing to pee frequently, severe pain and stiffness in your joints, particularly in the fingers, chest pain, shortness of breath, swelling of your hands and feet, an irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia), the testicles getting smaller. […] These problems are often caused by complications of haemochromatosis that can happen if the condition is not treated early on.

• #12 Hemochromatosis Clinical Presentation: History and Physical Examination, Screening

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/177216-clinical

  Cirrhosis is due to progressive iron deposition in the liver parenchyma, and it is one of the most common disease manifestations of the tissue damage caused by hemochromatosis. […] Diabetes, often requiring insulin therapy, occurs due to progressive iron accumulation in the pancreas. […] Arthropathy is due to iron accumulation in joint tissues. […] Amenorrhea, loss of libido, impotence, and symptoms of hypothyroidism can be seen in patients with hereditary hemochromatosis. […] Cardiac enlargement, with or without heart failure or conduction defects, is another mode of presentation, particularly in younger patients. […] Osteopenia and osteoporosis as well as hair loss and koilonychia (spoon nails) may occur in patients with hemochromatosis.

• #13

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/haemochromatosis/symptoms/

  Symptoms of haemochromatosis usually begin between the ages of 30 and 60, although they can occur earlier. […] The symptoms tend to develop earlier in men than in women. Women often do not experience problems until after the menopause. […] Initial symptoms of haemochromatosis can include: feeling very tired all the time (fatigue), brain fog, mood swings, depression and anxiety, weight loss, weakness, joint pain, especially in the fingers, an inability to get or maintain an erection (erectile dysfunction), irregular periods or stopped or missed periods. […] As the condition progresses, it can also cause problems such as: loss of sex drive (libido), darkening of the skin, if you are white you may look permanently tanned, tummy (abdominal) pain and swelling, yellowing of the skin (which may be less noticeable on brown or black skin) and the white parts of the eyes (jaundice), feeling thirsty all the time and needing to pee frequently, severe pain and stiffness in your joints, particularly in the fingers, chest pain, shortness of breath, swelling of your hands and feet, an irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia), the testicles getting smaller. […] These problems are often caused by complications of haemochromatosis that can happen if the condition is not treated early on.

• #14 Hemochromatosis – Types, Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/what-is-hemochromatosis

  Up to half of people who have hemochromatosis dont get any symptoms. In men, symptoms tend to show up between ages 30 and 50. Women often dont show any signs of this condition until theyre over 50 or past menopause. Symptoms of hereditary hemochromatosis are the same as those of secondary hemochromatosis. […] Symptoms of hemochromatosis include: Pain in your joints, especially your knuckles and knees, Feeling tired, Unexplained weight loss, Skin that has a bronze or gray color, Pain in your belly, Loss of sex drive, Loss of body hair, Heart flutter, Foggy memory. […] Sometimes, people dont get any symptoms of hemochromatosis until other problems arise. These may include: Liver problems, including cirrhosis, Diabetes, Abnormal heartbeat, Arthritis, Erectile dysfunction (trouble having an erection).

• #15

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/haemochromatosis/symptoms/

  Symptoms of haemochromatosis usually begin between the ages of 30 and 60, although they can occur earlier. […] The symptoms tend to develop earlier in men than in women. Women often do not experience problems until after the menopause. […] Initial symptoms of haemochromatosis can include: feeling very tired all the time (fatigue), brain fog, mood swings, depression and anxiety, weight loss, weakness, joint pain, especially in the fingers, an inability to get or maintain an erection (erectile dysfunction), irregular periods or stopped or missed periods. […] As the condition progresses, it can also cause problems such as: loss of sex drive (libido), darkening of the skin, if you are white you may look permanently tanned, tummy (abdominal) pain and swelling, yellowing of the skin (which may be less noticeable on brown or black skin) and the white parts of the eyes (jaundice), feeling thirsty all the time and needing to pee frequently, severe pain and stiffness in your joints, particularly in the fingers, chest pain, shortness of breath, swelling of your hands and feet, an irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia), the testicles getting smaller. […] These problems are often caused by complications of haemochromatosis that can happen if the condition is not treated early on.

• #16 Hemochromatosis (Iron Overload): Signs and Symptoms

  https://www.health.com/hemochromatosis-symptoms-8684933

  Hemochromatosis (also sometimes known as iron overload) is a condition that occurs when your body stores too much iron, which can harm organs like the liver, heart, and pancreas. If you have this condition, you may experience symptoms like fatigue, joint and abdominal pain, and skin color changes. […] These symptoms usually develop slowly and worsen over time, so if you notice warning signs, seeking support from a healthcare provider can help you lower the risk of complications. […] Fatigue is one of the most common symptoms of hemochromatosis. As too much iron builds up in your body, it can start to affect the functioning of vital organs like your heart and liver. This can often lead to feelings of exhaustion and a lack of energy, making everyday activities feel challenging or tiring. […] Hemochromatosis can also cause hormonal changes and increase your likelihood of developing conditions like hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid), diabetes, and hypogonadism (sex glands not producing enough hormones), which all also cause fatigue as a primary symptom.

• #17 Hemochromatosis (Iron Overload): Causes, Symptoms, Treatment, Diet & More

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/14971-hemochromatosis-iron-overload

  Hemochromatosis, or iron overload, is a condition in which your body stores too much iron. It can cause serious damage to your body, including to your heart, liver and pancreas. If the condition isn’t treated, it can lead to death. Symptoms usually don’t appear until middle age, and they often look like signs of other conditions. These signs may include: Fatigue (feeling tired a lot), General weakness, Heart flutters or irregular heartbeat, Iron fist, or pain in the knuckles of the pointer and middle fingers, Joint pain, Stomach pain, Unexplained weight loss. The outlook for hemochromatosis depends on the timing of diagnosis and treatment. If not caught and addressed early, severe hemochromatosis can cause serious problems. These complications can include organ damage and possible death. But hemochromatosis is also a manageable disease. With early detection and treatment, you can survive and live a normal, healthy life. Sometimes organ damage can even be reversed.

• #18 7 Symptoms Never to Ignore If You Have Hemochromatosis

  https://resources.healthgrades.com/right-care/blood-conditions/7-symptoms-never-to-ignore-with-hemochromatosis

  Feeling tired all the time is a common hemochromatosis symptom. You may feel a lack of energy, general weakness, and difficulty concentrating („memory fog”). […] Excess iron deposits in the heart can result in symptoms such as heart flutters, palpitations, or irregular heartbeats (also called arrhythmias). […] Your skin is an organ and thus can be affected by excess iron. Deposits can cause your skin to change color; you may look tan or take on a bronze, gray or reddish cast. […] Your abdominal organs can also collect deposits of excess iron, particularly the liver. Abdominal pain and swelling can be a symptom of liver disease, which can include enlarged liver, liver failure, and liver cancer. […] Hemochromatosis can also deposit excess iron in your reproductive organs and systems, which can lead to a loss of libido, or desire to have sex. […] Iron deposits in the pancreas can cause damage that prevents it from producing insulin properly, which can trigger diabetes. One symptom of diabetes is unexpected weight loss.

• #19 Hereditary hemochromatosis: MedlinePlus GeneticsLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/hereditary-hemochromatosis/

  Hereditary hemochromatosis is a disorder that causes the body to absorb too much iron from the diet. The excess iron is stored in the body’s tissues and organs, particularly the skin, heart, liver, pancreas, and joints. Because humans cannot increase the excretion of iron, excess iron can overload and eventually damage tissues and organs. For this reason, hereditary hemochromatosis is also called an iron overload disorder. […] Early symptoms of hereditary hemochromatosis may include extreme tiredness (fatigue), joint pain, abdominal pain, weight loss, and loss of sex drive. As the condition worsens, affected individuals may develop arthritis, liver disease (cirrhosis) or liver cancer, diabetes, heart abnormalities, or skin discoloration. The appearance and severity of symptoms can be affected by environmental and lifestyle factors such as the amount of iron in the diet, alcohol use, and infections.

• #20 Hereditary hemochromatosis: MedlinePlus GeneticsLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/hereditary-hemochromatosis/

  Type 1, the most common form of the disorder, and type 4 (also called ferroportin disease) begin in adulthood. Men with type 1 or type 4 hemochromatosis typically develop symptoms between the ages of 40 and 60, and women usually develop symptoms after menopause. […] Type 2 hemochromatosis is known as a juvenile-onset disorder because symptoms often begin in childhood. By age 20, iron accumulation causes decreased or absent secretion of sex hormones. Affected females usually begin menstruation normally but menses stop after a few years. Males may experience delayed puberty or symptoms related to a shortage of sex hormones. If type 2 hemochromatosis is untreated, potentially fatal heart disease becomes evident by age 30. […] The onset of type 3 hemochromatosis is usually intermediate between types 1 and 2 with symptoms generally beginning before age 30.

• #21

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/haemochromatosis/symptoms/

  Symptoms of haemochromatosis usually begin between the ages of 30 and 60, although they can occur earlier. […] The symptoms tend to develop earlier in men than in women. Women often do not experience problems until after the menopause. […] Initial symptoms of haemochromatosis can include: feeling very tired all the time (fatigue), brain fog, mood swings, depression and anxiety, weight loss, weakness, joint pain, especially in the fingers, an inability to get or maintain an erection (erectile dysfunction), irregular periods or stopped or missed periods. […] As the condition progresses, it can also cause problems such as: loss of sex drive (libido), darkening of the skin, if you are white you may look permanently tanned, tummy (abdominal) pain and swelling, yellowing of the skin (which may be less noticeable on brown or black skin) and the white parts of the eyes (jaundice), feeling thirsty all the time and needing to pee frequently, severe pain and stiffness in your joints, particularly in the fingers, chest pain, shortness of breath, swelling of your hands and feet, an irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia), the testicles getting smaller. […] These problems are often caused by complications of haemochromatosis that can happen if the condition is not treated early on.

• #22 Patient education: Hereditary hemochromatosis (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/hereditary-hemochromatosis-beyond-the-basics

  Symptoms of hemochromatosis usually show up in adulthood after the body has accumulated a significant amount of excess iron. Symptoms generally occur after age 40 in males and after menopause (when monthly periods stop) in females. […] Signs of iron overload may include liver damage (cirrhosis), joint pains, changes in skin coloration, heart failure, diabetes mellitus, sexual dysfunction, and rarely, thyroid disease or liver cancer. […] Liver disease — The liver is one of the main organs where iron is normally stored. Accumulation of iron in the liver can cause abnormal liver function, liver fibrosis (scarring), and cirrhosis (extensive scarring of the liver) (figure 1). Approximately three-fourths of people who have symptoms at the time of diagnosis have abnormal liver function. […] Weakness and lethargy — Most people who have symptoms at the time of diagnosis have weakness and lethargy (a feeling of mental and physical sluggishness).

• #23 Hemochromatosis – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hemochromatosis/symptoms-causes/syc-20351443

  Hemochromatosis (he-moe-kroe-muh-TOE-sis) is a condition that causes the body to absorb too much iron from food. Excess iron is stored in the organs, especially the liver, heart and pancreas. Too much iron can lead to life-threatening conditions, such as liver disease, heart problems and diabetes. […] Symptoms usually appear in midlife. […] Some people with hemochromatosis never have symptoms. Early symptoms often overlap with those of other common conditions. […] Symptoms may include: Joint pain. Belly pain. Fatigue. Weakness. Diabetes. Loss of sex drive. Impotence. Heart failure. Liver failure. Bronze or gray skin color. Memory fog. […] The most common type of hemochromatosis is present at birth. But most people don’t experience symptoms until later in life usually after age 40 in men and after age 60 in women. Women are more likely to develop symptoms after menopause, when they no longer lose iron with menstruation and pregnancy.

• #24 Hereditary Hemochromatosis (Iron Overload) Causes & Symptoms

  https://www.medicinenet.com/iron_overload/article.htm

  Liver Iron accumulation in the liver causes scarring of the liver (cirrhosis) and an increased risk of developing liver cancer. […] Individuals affected with hereditary hemochromatosis may have no symptoms or signs (and have normal longevity), or they can have severe symptoms and signs of iron overload that include sexual dysfunction, heart failure, joint pains, cirrhosis of the liver, diabetes, fatigue, and darkening of the skin. […] In men, symptoms may not appear until 30-50 years of age. Iron deposits in the skin cause darkening of the skin. Since females lose iron through menstrual blood loss, nonmenstruating women develop symptoms 15 to 20 years later. […] Iron deposits in the pituitary gland and testicles cause shrinkage of the testicles and impotence. […] Iron deposits in the pancreas cause a decrease in insulin production resulting in diabetes.

• #25 Symptoms & Causes of Hemochromatosis – NIDDK

  https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/liver-disease/hemochromatosis/symptoms-causes

  With the buildup of harmful levels of iron, hemochromatosis can cause symptoms including feeling tired or weak, pain in the joints, particularly in the knees and hands, loss of interest in sex or erectile dysfunction, pain in the abdomen over the liver, darkening of skin color, which may appear gray, metallic, or bronze. […] With more severe iron overload, people may develop signs and symptoms of complications, such as cirrhosis, diabetes, or heart failure. […] Not everyone with hemochromatosis has symptoms, and hemochromatosis may not cause symptoms for many years. Symptoms typically begin after age 40, and, on average, women develop symptoms about 10 years later than men do. […] The most severe forms of non-HFE hemochromatosis are due to mutations in the HJV genes or the HAMP genes. People with these mutations develop symptoms and complications at a young age and may have cirrhosis and other complications from iron overload by their teenage years.

• #26 Juvenile Hemochromatosis | Iron Disorders Institute

  https://irondisorders.org/juvenile-hemochromatosis1/

  Juvenile Hemochromatosis When symptoms or clinical signs of iron overload occur in someone who is younger than thirty, it is generally due to Juvenile hemochromatosis (JH). […] The consequences are severe heart disease or heart attack, hypothyroidism, little to no menstruation or hypogonadism. […] There are some early signs or symptoms of juvenile hemochromatosis such as: With FEMALES: If a young girl fails to start a menstrual cycle at the proper age, has very erratic periods or stops having a period once she begins. With MALES: hypgonadism (small testicles) Jaundice or odd colored skin (ashen gray green or reddish) Abdominal pain (upper right quadrant—in area of the liver) Joint pain Rapid weight loss Gall bladder, pancreas or liver problems Irregular heart beat Elevated blood sugar.

• #27 Symptoms & Causes of Hemochromatosis – NIDDK

  https://www.niddk.nih.gov/health-information/liver-disease/hemochromatosis/symptoms-causes

  With the buildup of harmful levels of iron, hemochromatosis can cause symptoms including feeling tired or weak, pain in the joints, particularly in the knees and hands, loss of interest in sex or erectile dysfunction, pain in the abdomen over the liver, darkening of skin color, which may appear gray, metallic, or bronze. […] With more severe iron overload, people may develop signs and symptoms of complications, such as cirrhosis, diabetes, or heart failure. […] Not everyone with hemochromatosis has symptoms, and hemochromatosis may not cause symptoms for many years. Symptoms typically begin after age 40, and, on average, women develop symptoms about 10 years later than men do. […] The most severe forms of non-HFE hemochromatosis are due to mutations in the HJV genes or the HAMP genes. People with these mutations develop symptoms and complications at a young age and may have cirrhosis and other complications from iron overload by their teenage years.

• #28

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/haemochromatosis/

  Haemochromatosis is an inherited condition where iron levels in the body slowly build up over many years. This build-up of iron, known as iron overload, can cause unpleasant symptoms. If it is not treated, this can damage parts of the body such as the liver, joints, pancreas and heart. […] Symptoms of haemochromatosis usually start between the ages of 30 and 60. Common symptoms include: feeling very tired all the time (fatigue), weight loss, weakness, joint pain, an inability to get or maintain an erection (erectile dysfunction), irregular periods or stopped or missed periods, Brain fog, mood swings, depression and anxiety. […] But if it’s not found until it’s more advanced, the high iron levels can damage parts of the body. This can lead to potentially serious complications, such as: liver problems including scarring of the liver (cirrhosis) or liver cancer, diabetes where the level of sugar in the blood becomes too high, arthritis pain and swelling in the joints, heart failure where the heart is unable to pump blood around the body properly.

• #29 Hemochromatosis – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hemochromatosis/symptoms-causes/syc-20351443

  Untreated, hemochromatosis can lead to several complications. These complications especially affect the joints and organs where excess iron tends to be stored, such as the liver, pancreas and heart. Complications can include: Liver issues. Cirrhosis permanent scarring of the liver is just one of the complications that may happen. Cirrhosis increases the risk of liver cancer and other life-threatening complications. Diabetes. Damage to the pancreas can lead to diabetes. Heart problems. Excess iron in the heart affects the heart’s ability to circulate enough blood for the body’s needs. This is called congestive heart failure. Hemochromatosis also can cause irregular heart rhythms, called arrhythmias. Reproductive problems. Excess iron can lead to erectile dysfunction and loss of sex drive in men. It can cause an absence of the menstrual cycle in women. Skin color changes. Deposits of iron in skin cells can make the skin appear bronze or gray in color.

• #30 What is haemochromatosis? – BHF

  https://www.bhf.org.uk/informationsupport/heart-matters-magazine/medical/haemochromatosis

  Haemochromatosis is an inherited condition which results in too much iron being stored in the body. […] It takes a long time for the iron to build up, so for the common type of hereditary haemochromatosis, symptoms are usually first seen between the ages of 30 and 60. […] The first symptoms people may notice are tiredness and darkening of the skin, or not feeling quite right. Later symptoms may be due to the effects of organ damage. If the high iron levels have damaged your liver, you may get fibrosis (hardening and scarring of the liver, which over time stops it from working as well) which may develop into cirrhosis, which is severe scarring that damages the function of the liver. […] A build-up of iron in the heart can cause heart failure and abnormal heart rhythms. This is a very significant problem which will needs careful management. […] Generally we look at the ferritin, and those patients who have higher ferritin (above 1,000 micrograms per litre) may require closer monitoring after the initial phase of treatment as they are more likely to develop long term problems, particularly of the liver.

• #31 Hemochromatosis Clinical Presentation: History and Physical Examination, Screening

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/177216-clinical

  Patients with hereditary hemochromatosis may be asymptomatic or may present with general and organ-related signs and symptoms. […] Symptoms from hemochromatosis usually begin between age 30 years and age 50 years, but they may occur much earlier in life. Most patients are asymptomatic (75%) and are diagnosed when elevated serum iron levels are noted on a routine chemistry screening panel or when screening is performed because a relative is diagnosed with hemochromatosis. […] Early symptoms include severe fatigue (74%), impotence (45%), and arthralgia (44%); fatigue and arthralgia are the most common symptoms prompting a visit to a physician. The most common signs at the time of presentation are hepatomegaly (13%), skin pigmentation, and arthritis. […] Liver function abnormalities occur in 35-75% of patients. Among organ-related symptoms, hepatomegaly is seen in more than 95% of patients and can be accompanied by signs of chronic liver disease, such as abdominal pain and cutaneous stigmata of liver disease (palmar erythema, spider angioma, or jaundice), and liver failure (ascites or encephalopathy).

• #32 Hemochromatosis Clinical Presentation: History and Physical Examination, Screening

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/177216-clinical

  Patients with hereditary hemochromatosis may be asymptomatic or may present with general and organ-related signs and symptoms. […] Symptoms from hemochromatosis usually begin between age 30 years and age 50 years, but they may occur much earlier in life. Most patients are asymptomatic (75%) and are diagnosed when elevated serum iron levels are noted on a routine chemistry screening panel or when screening is performed because a relative is diagnosed with hemochromatosis. […] Early symptoms include severe fatigue (74%), impotence (45%), and arthralgia (44%); fatigue and arthralgia are the most common symptoms prompting a visit to a physician. The most common signs at the time of presentation are hepatomegaly (13%), skin pigmentation, and arthritis. […] Liver function abnormalities occur in 35-75% of patients. Among organ-related symptoms, hepatomegaly is seen in more than 95% of patients and can be accompanied by signs of chronic liver disease, such as abdominal pain and cutaneous stigmata of liver disease (palmar erythema, spider angioma, or jaundice), and liver failure (ascites or encephalopathy).

• #33 Patient education: Hereditary hemochromatosis (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/hereditary-hemochromatosis-beyond-the-basics

  Symptoms of hemochromatosis usually show up in adulthood after the body has accumulated a significant amount of excess iron. Symptoms generally occur after age 40 in males and after menopause (when monthly periods stop) in females. […] Signs of iron overload may include liver damage (cirrhosis), joint pains, changes in skin coloration, heart failure, diabetes mellitus, sexual dysfunction, and rarely, thyroid disease or liver cancer. […] Liver disease — The liver is one of the main organs where iron is normally stored. Accumulation of iron in the liver can cause abnormal liver function, liver fibrosis (scarring), and cirrhosis (extensive scarring of the liver) (figure 1). Approximately three-fourths of people who have symptoms at the time of diagnosis have abnormal liver function. […] Weakness and lethargy — Most people who have symptoms at the time of diagnosis have weakness and lethargy (a feeling of mental and physical sluggishness).

• #34 Hemochromatosis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430862/

  The following late manifestations occur when iron is deposited progressively in various tissues: Koilonychia affects the thumb and index finger, and it has been observed in 50% of patients. However, in 25% of patients, all nails are affected. Secondary diabetes may reveal finger prick marks indicating diabetes, and an abdominal examination may be suggestive of lipodystrophy as a clue towards insulin administration. Diffuse hyperpigmentation is seen in more than 90% of patients with hemochromatosis and is one of the earliest manifestations of the disease. […] Liver dysfunction is encountered in 75% of patients. Jaundice is usually absent earlier in the course of the illness. Liver disease can present with abdominal pain, hepatomegaly, cirrhosis, portal hypertension, ascites, and splenomegaly. The risk of hepatocellular carcinoma may amount to 30% of patients.

• #35 Hemochromatosis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430862/

  The following late manifestations occur when iron is deposited progressively in various tissues: Koilonychia affects the thumb and index finger, and it has been observed in 50% of patients. However, in 25% of patients, all nails are affected. Secondary diabetes may reveal finger prick marks indicating diabetes, and an abdominal examination may be suggestive of lipodystrophy as a clue towards insulin administration. Diffuse hyperpigmentation is seen in more than 90% of patients with hemochromatosis and is one of the earliest manifestations of the disease. […] Liver dysfunction is encountered in 75% of patients. Jaundice is usually absent earlier in the course of the illness. Liver disease can present with abdominal pain, hepatomegaly, cirrhosis, portal hypertension, ascites, and splenomegaly. The risk of hepatocellular carcinoma may amount to 30% of patients.

• #36 Haemochromatosis – Liver Foundation

  https://liver.org.au/your-liver/liver-diseases/haemochromatosis/

  Haemochromatosis is a condition you inherit from your parents. It means there is too much iron in your body. Too much iron can cause serious damage to your organs, including the liver, heart, joints and pancreas. People are born with haemochromatosis but it can take 20 or 30 years for symptoms to develop. Some people never get symptoms. The most common problems are liver fibrosis, cirrhosis and liver cancer, as well as arthritis. These problems can develop gradually over many years. When symptoms do occur, they are caused by the high levels of iron. The most common early symptoms noticed by people with haemochromatosis are: feeling very tired and weak, joint pains and swelling, especially in the knuckles of the index and middle fingers. As the disease gets more serious, symptoms may develop including: belly pain, loss of sex drive, impotence or shrinking testicles in men, no periods/light periods/early menopause women, less body hair, grey or bronze colour of the skin. To much iron can cause enlarged liver, cirrhosis, liver failure and liver cancer. If your liver is affected, symptoms might include: yellow skin and eyes (jaundice), belly pain, swollen belly, bleeding from the food pipe/ blood in vomit, easy bruising, pain in the liver (upper right side of the belly). If it’s not treated, haemochromatosis can lead to other conditions. These symptoms all take time to develop. Symptoms will be different from person to person. Treatment can reverse liver damage. But if you have developed cirrhosis, haemochromatosis puts you at more risk of liver cancer.

• #37 Hemochromatosis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430862/

  Cardiac involvement can lead to restrictive or dilated cardiomyopathy, arrhythmias, and cardiac failure. Endocrine dysfunction can lead to diabetes, pituitary hypogonadism, manifested by decreased libido and impotence in men and amenorrhea in women, hypopituitarism, thyroid dysfunction, adrenal dysfunction, parathyroid defects, and osteoporosis.

• #38 Patient education: Hereditary hemochromatosis (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/hereditary-hemochromatosis-beyond-the-basics

  Heart disease – Accumulation of iron in the heart can cause enlargement of the heart and can interfere with its normal electrical conduction system, which affects the heart rhythm. In severe cases, heart failure can develop. Rarely, heart disease is the first sign of hemochromatosis. […] Joint pain – The cause of joint pain in people with hemochromatosis is not completely understood. One hypothesis is that the excess iron leads to the collection of calcium crystals in the joint spaces. These crystals can cause joint pain and, over time, joint deformity. The joints of the hands, especially the knuckles of the second and third fingers, are most commonly affected. […] Diabetes mellitus – Accumulation of iron in the pancreas can interfere with insulin production and cause diabetes mellitus.

• #39 Hereditary Hemochromatosis | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2013/0201/p183.html

  The five-year survival rate in patients who have untreated hereditary hemochromatosis and cirrhosis is reduced by 50 percent compared with those who do not have cirrhosis. […] Iron overload causes restrictive cardiomyopathy, diastolic dysfunction, heart failure, dysrhythmias, and conduction defects, which may lead to atrioventricular block, bradyarrhythmias, tachyarrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death. Iron-overload cardiomyopathy is reversible if therapy begins before the onset of overt heart failure.

• #40 7 Symptoms Never to Ignore If You Have Hemochromatosis

  https://resources.healthgrades.com/right-care/blood-conditions/7-symptoms-never-to-ignore-with-hemochromatosis

  Feeling tired all the time is a common hemochromatosis symptom. You may feel a lack of energy, general weakness, and difficulty concentrating („memory fog”). […] Excess iron deposits in the heart can result in symptoms such as heart flutters, palpitations, or irregular heartbeats (also called arrhythmias). […] Your skin is an organ and thus can be affected by excess iron. Deposits can cause your skin to change color; you may look tan or take on a bronze, gray or reddish cast. […] Your abdominal organs can also collect deposits of excess iron, particularly the liver. Abdominal pain and swelling can be a symptom of liver disease, which can include enlarged liver, liver failure, and liver cancer. […] Hemochromatosis can also deposit excess iron in your reproductive organs and systems, which can lead to a loss of libido, or desire to have sex. […] Iron deposits in the pancreas can cause damage that prevents it from producing insulin properly, which can trigger diabetes. One symptom of diabetes is unexpected weight loss.

• #41 Hemochromatosis: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/177216-overview

  Once diagnosed, hemochromatosis is treated by phlebotomy to rid the body of excess iron and to maintain normal iron stores. […] Early detection and treatment of this common iron overload disorder can guarantee a normal lifespan in patients with hemochromatosis. […] The most important prognostic factor at the time of diagnosis is the presence or absence of hepatic fibrosis or cirrhosis. Patients without significant hepatic fibrosis may be expected to have a normal life expectancy with phlebotomy therapy. Adequate phlebotomy treatment is the major determinant of survival, and it markedly improves prognosis. Early diagnosis and therapeutic phlebotomy to maintain low normal body stores is crucial and can prevent all known complications of hemochromatosis. If untreated, hemochromatosis may lead to death from cirrhosis, diabetes, malignant hepatoma, or cardiac disease.

• #42 What is haemochromatosis? – BHF

  https://www.bhf.org.uk/informationsupport/heart-matters-magazine/medical/haemochromatosis

  Haemochromatosis is an inherited condition which results in too much iron being stored in the body. […] It takes a long time for the iron to build up, so for the common type of hereditary haemochromatosis, symptoms are usually first seen between the ages of 30 and 60. […] The first symptoms people may notice are tiredness and darkening of the skin, or not feeling quite right. Later symptoms may be due to the effects of organ damage. If the high iron levels have damaged your liver, you may get fibrosis (hardening and scarring of the liver, which over time stops it from working as well) which may develop into cirrhosis, which is severe scarring that damages the function of the liver. […] A build-up of iron in the heart can cause heart failure and abnormal heart rhythms. This is a very significant problem which will needs careful management. […] Generally we look at the ferritin, and those patients who have higher ferritin (above 1,000 micrograms per litre) may require closer monitoring after the initial phase of treatment as they are more likely to develop long term problems, particularly of the liver.

• #43 Hemochromatosis | Liver Canada

  https://liver.ca/hemochromatosis/

  The liver begins at birth to retain iron, but it could take 20-30 years before symptoms begin to show. […] Women typically present signs later in life when they are postmenopausal, likely because of menstrual blood loss delaying the development of symptomatic iron overload. […] The clinical manifestations of iron overload typically develop in the 40s or 50s. […] In later stages: abdominal pain or tenderness, yellowing of the skin and eyes (jaundice), distention of the abdomen (ascites), bleeding from dilated veins in the esophagus (variceal bleeding), development of diabetes, the skin may have a bronze or grey colour, excessive hunger and thirst, frequent urination. […] With iron over-accumulation in the heart muscle, it can produce irregular heart rhythm, causing shortness of breath and swelling of the ankles. In the pituitary gland, iron deposits can lead to sexual dysfunction, loss of libido and impotence in men, and menstrual irregularities in women.

• #44 Patient education: Hereditary hemochromatosis (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/hereditary-hemochromatosis-beyond-the-basics/print

  The cause of joint pain in people with hemochromatosis is not completely understood. One hypothesis is that the excess iron leads to the collection of calcium crystals in the joint spaces. These crystals can cause joint pain and, over time, joint deformity. […] Accumulation of iron in the pancreas can interfere with insulin production and cause diabetes mellitus. […] Accumulation of iron in the pituitary gland in the brain can interfere with the pituitary’s control of sex hormones. In males, pituitary damage can lead to impotence and/or loss of libido (sex drive). In females, pituitary damage can cause menstrual periods to stop or become irregular. […] Iron in the skin, along with the pigment melanin, can darken the skin and give a person a tanned appearance or may sometimes cause skin to look grey.

• #45 Hemochromatosis (Iron Overload): Types, Causes, and Symptoms

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/hemochromatosis-8603438

  Hemochromatosis is a medical condition where people have excessive iron in the body. Symptoms can be subtle, including fatigue, joint pain, and rusty or greyish appearing skin color. […] Untreated hemochromatosis can cause medical complications, such as liver damage or heart failure. […] Signs and symptoms of hemochromatosis include: Fatigue, Brain fog (feeling mentally drained and unable to concentrate), Mood swings, Weight loss, Joint pain, Weakness, Signs of liver disease—enlarged abdomen, darkening or grey-looking skin, Diabetes due to damage to the pancreas, Heart abnormalities—irregular heart rhythms or heart failure, Pituitary damage can cause menstrual irregularities or sexual dysfunction, Damage to the adrenal gland can cause blood pressure abnormalities, Damage to the thyroid gland can cause hypothyroidism (reduced thyroid hormone).

• #46 Hereditary Hemochromatosis (Iron Overload) Causes & Symptoms

  https://www.medicinenet.com/iron_overload/article.htm

  Liver Iron accumulation in the liver causes scarring of the liver (cirrhosis) and an increased risk of developing liver cancer. […] Individuals affected with hereditary hemochromatosis may have no symptoms or signs (and have normal longevity), or they can have severe symptoms and signs of iron overload that include sexual dysfunction, heart failure, joint pains, cirrhosis of the liver, diabetes, fatigue, and darkening of the skin. […] In men, symptoms may not appear until 30-50 years of age. Iron deposits in the skin cause darkening of the skin. Since females lose iron through menstrual blood loss, nonmenstruating women develop symptoms 15 to 20 years later. […] Iron deposits in the pituitary gland and testicles cause shrinkage of the testicles and impotence. […] Iron deposits in the pancreas cause a decrease in insulin production resulting in diabetes.

• #47 Hemochromatosis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430862/

  Cardiac involvement can lead to restrictive or dilated cardiomyopathy, arrhythmias, and cardiac failure. Endocrine dysfunction can lead to diabetes, pituitary hypogonadism, manifested by decreased libido and impotence in men and amenorrhea in women, hypopituitarism, thyroid dysfunction, adrenal dysfunction, parathyroid defects, and osteoporosis.

• #48 Hemochromatosis – Blood Disorders – Merck Manual Consumer Version

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/blood-disorders/iron-overload/hemochromatosis

  Hemochromatosis is a hereditary disorder that causes the body to absorb too much iron, causing iron to build up in the body and damage organs. […] Symptoms vary because iron accumulation can damage any part of the body, including the brain, liver, pancreas, lungs, or heart. The first symptoms, particularly in men, may be those of cirrhosis (due to liver damage) or those of diabetes (due to pancreas damage). Or, the first symptoms, particularly in women, may be vague and affect the whole body. Fatigue is an example. Liver disease is the most common problem. The following problems can also occur: Bronze-colored skin, Heart failure (occasionally), Joint pains, especially in the hands, Increased risk of liver cancer, Infertility, An underactive thyroid gland (hypothyroidism), Chronic fatigue.

• #49 Hemochromatosis (Iron Overload): Types, Causes, and Symptoms

  https://www.verywellhealth.com/hemochromatosis-8603438

  Hemochromatosis is a medical condition where people have excessive iron in the body. Symptoms can be subtle, including fatigue, joint pain, and rusty or greyish appearing skin color. […] Untreated hemochromatosis can cause medical complications, such as liver damage or heart failure. […] Signs and symptoms of hemochromatosis include: Fatigue, Brain fog (feeling mentally drained and unable to concentrate), Mood swings, Weight loss, Joint pain, Weakness, Signs of liver disease—enlarged abdomen, darkening or grey-looking skin, Diabetes due to damage to the pancreas, Heart abnormalities—irregular heart rhythms or heart failure, Pituitary damage can cause menstrual irregularities or sexual dysfunction, Damage to the adrenal gland can cause blood pressure abnormalities, Damage to the thyroid gland can cause hypothyroidism (reduced thyroid hormone).

• #50 Patient education: Hereditary hemochromatosis (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/hereditary-hemochromatosis-beyond-the-basics

  Darkening of the skin – Iron in the skin, along with the pigment melanin, can darken the skin and give a person a tanned appearance or may sometimes cause skin to look grey. […] Infections — In addition to causing symptoms, hemochromatosis can increase the risk of infections with specific types of bacteria. Iron accumulation interferes with the ability to fight off certain bacteria, and certain bacteria grow well in an iron-rich environment.

• #51 Hemochromatosis – Types, Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/what-is-hemochromatosis

  If you take a lot of vitamin C or eat a lot of foods that contain it, you can make hemochromatosis worse. Thats because vitamin C helps your body absorb iron from food. […] If you have hemochromatosis and don’t get treated, it can lead to problems with your joints and the organs that store iron such as the liver, heart, and pancreas. Over time, hemochromatosis can cause problems including: Liver damage, particularly cirrhosis, Diabetes, from damage to the pancreas, Heart conditions including congestive heart failure and arrhythmia (irregular heart rhythm), Reproductive issues such as loss of sex drive and erectile dysfunction in men and loss of periods in women, Skin which can look gray or become darker because of iron deposits in your skin cells.

• #52 Iron overload – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_overload

  Iron overload (also known as haemochromatosis or hemochromatosis) is the abnormal and increased accumulation of total iron in the body, leading to organ damage. The primary mechanism of organ damage is oxidative stress, as elevated intracellular iron levels increase free radical formation via the Fenton reaction. Iron deposition most commonly occurs in the liver, pancreas, skin, heart, and joints. People with iron overload classically present with the triad of liver cirrhosis, secondary diabetes mellitus, and bronze skin. However, due to earlier detection nowadays, symptoms are often limited to general chronic malaise, arthralgia, and hepatomegaly. […] Organs most commonly affected by hemochromatosis include the liver, heart, and endocrine glands. Hemochromatosis may present with the following clinical syndromes: liver: chronic liver disease and cirrhosis of the liver; heart: heart failure, cardiac arrhythmia; hormones: diabetes and hypogonadism which leads to low sex drive and/or loss of fertility in men and loss of fertility and menstrual cycle in women; metabolism: diabetes in people with iron overload occurs as a result of selective iron deposition in islet beta cells in the pancreas leading to functional failure and cell death; skeletal: arthritis, from iron deposition in joints leading to joint pains; skin: melanoderma (darkening or 'bronzing’ of the skin). Hemochromatosis leading to secondary diabetes (through iron deposition in the insulin secreting beta cells of the pancreas), when combined with a bronzing or darkening of the skin, is sometimes known as „bronze diabetes”.

• #53 Haemochromatosis

  https://dermnetnz.org/topics/haemochromatosis

  Haemochromatosis is a genetic iron storage disease in which the body absorbs excessive amounts of iron from the diet. Excess iron is usually metabolised and excreted from the body, but in haemochromatosis, excess iron is deposited in the liver, pancreas, heart, endocrine glands and joints. […] The four main features characterise haemochromatosis are: Cirrhosis of the liver, Diabetes mellitus, Increased skin pigmentation, Heart failure. […] Increased pigmentation affects more than 90% of patients. Skin pigmentation is often one of the first signs of the disease and may precede the other features by many years. […] Patients with haemochromatosis may develop one or more of the above symptoms over a period of time as iron slowly accumulates and deposits in organs. […] Tiredness and abdominal pain should diminish, and increased pigmentation of the skin should fade over time once treatment has started. Arthritis, however, may fail to improve with venesection.

• #54 Patient education: Hereditary hemochromatosis (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/hereditary-hemochromatosis-beyond-the-basics/print

  The cause of joint pain in people with hemochromatosis is not completely understood. One hypothesis is that the excess iron leads to the collection of calcium crystals in the joint spaces. These crystals can cause joint pain and, over time, joint deformity. […] Accumulation of iron in the pancreas can interfere with insulin production and cause diabetes mellitus. […] Accumulation of iron in the pituitary gland in the brain can interfere with the pituitary’s control of sex hormones. In males, pituitary damage can lead to impotence and/or loss of libido (sex drive). In females, pituitary damage can cause menstrual periods to stop or become irregular. […] Iron in the skin, along with the pigment melanin, can darken the skin and give a person a tanned appearance or may sometimes cause skin to look grey.

• #55 Patient education: Hereditary hemochromatosis (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/hereditary-hemochromatosis-beyond-the-basics

  Heart disease – Accumulation of iron in the heart can cause enlargement of the heart and can interfere with its normal electrical conduction system, which affects the heart rhythm. In severe cases, heart failure can develop. Rarely, heart disease is the first sign of hemochromatosis. […] Joint pain – The cause of joint pain in people with hemochromatosis is not completely understood. One hypothesis is that the excess iron leads to the collection of calcium crystals in the joint spaces. These crystals can cause joint pain and, over time, joint deformity. The joints of the hands, especially the knuckles of the second and third fingers, are most commonly affected. […] Diabetes mellitus – Accumulation of iron in the pancreas can interfere with insulin production and cause diabetes mellitus.

• #56 Haemochromatosis: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

  https://patient.info/allergies-blood-immune/haemochromatosis-leaflet

  Symptoms of haemochromatosis usually start between the ages of 30 and 50 years. The first symptoms are usually vague and may include feeling weak and tired, and having joint pains or abdominal pains. […] As haemochromatosis progresses, more specific symptoms develop due to organ damage but these are significantly less common nowadays due to earlier diagnosis. However there are still many cases each year in people who have not yet been diagnosed. […] These problems may include: Joint pain and swelling, especially the knuckle and the first joint of the first two fingers. Bronzing of the skin (looking like a permanent tan). Loss of sex drive. Loss of body hair. Impotence in men. Period changes in women. Women may have either no menstrual periods or very light menstrual periods. Early menopause may also occur in women with haemochromatosis. Poor memory. Feeling irritable. Depression. Developing diabetes. An increase in the size of the liver. 'Scarring’ (cirrhosis) of the liver. Disease of the heart muscle (cardiomyopathy).

• #57 Symptoms | Hemochromatosis.org – An Education Website for Hemochromatosis and Too Much Iron

  https://hemochromatosis.org/hemochromatosis-symptoms/

  Chronic fatigue and joint pain are the most common complaints of people with hemochromatosis. For this reason, the complete diagnosis is often delayed because these two symptoms are commonly seen in other diseases. Pain in the knuckles of the pointer and middle finger, collectively called “The Iron Fist,” is the only sign or symptom specific to hemochromatosis. However, not everyone with HH experiences the Iron Fist. […] When symptoms are associated with hemochromatosis, these usually begin in men in their late 20’s to early 30’s. In women, symptoms usually start about 10-15 years after they stop having a period due to menopause, birth control pills, or hysterectomy. […] Diseases that can develop if left untreated include: osteoarthritis or osteoporosis in knuckles, ankles, and hips; enlarged liver, cirrhosis, cancer, and liver failure; abnormal skin color (bronze, reddish or ashen-gray); irregular heartbeat, enlarged heart, congestive heart failure; diabetes mellitus, hypothyroidism, hypogonadism (infertility, impotence), hormone imbalances; enlarged spleen. […] When hemochromatosis is discovered early and treated before organ damage can occur, a person can live a normal, healthy life.

• #58 What are the symptoms of Haemochromatosis? – Irish Haemochromatosis Association

  https://haemochromatosis.ie/what-are-the-symptoms-of-haemochromatosis

  Iron builds up slowly so symptoms may not appear until age 30 or 40. These symptoms include: Unexplained weakness or fatigue, Abdominal pain, Diminished sex drive or impotence, Arthritis particularly if it occurs in the first and second knuckles or/and the ankles, Diabetes, Liver disorders, Discolouration of or bronzing of skin, Mood swings and irritability, Abnormal heart rhythm. […] Most individuals with haemochromatosis will develop at least one or two of the above symptoms, although possibly in a mild form. […] When undetected and untreated, iron overload can result in severe organ damage and premature death.

• #59 Haemochromatosis | Leukaemia & Blood Cancer New Zealand

  https://www.leukaemia.org.nz/blood-cancer-information/haemochromatosis

  Many people with haemochromatosis have no symptoms, and the condition is detected by testing the serum ferritin through a routine blood test. […] Symptoms of haemochromatosis do not appear in any particular order and may be different from person to person. As iron accumulates over the years, variable signs and symptoms may appear, such as: Tiredness/fatigue, Weakness, Joint or abdominal pain, Low libido (loss of sex drive), General malaise (discomfort or physical unease), Skin/complexion may darken (associated with high ferritin levels). […] These symptoms are not specific to haemochromatosis, and may not be present at all, the condition may go unrecognised for some time. […] If the tissue iron level reaches a very high level, there can be a risk of serious problems occurring. Symptoms of high levels of iron overload in organs include: Enlarged liver and/or pain in the area of the liver (under the right rib cage), jaundice (yellow colour of the skin and/or eyes), Irregular heart beat or palpitations, shortness of breath, fatigue and/or swollen ankles, increased thirst, need to urinate, tiredness, skin infections that dont heal, blurry vision, dizziness, changes in weight and/or always feeling hungry, Arthritis, most commonly in the joints of the hands, feet, wrists, shoulders, knees, ankles and hips, Irregular periods, early menopause, loss of libido (sex drive), Loss of libido (low sex drive), shrinking testicles, enlarged breast tissue and/or inability to get or maintain an erection (impotence).

• #60 Hemochromatosis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430862/

  Cardiac involvement can lead to restrictive or dilated cardiomyopathy, arrhythmias, and cardiac failure. Endocrine dysfunction can lead to diabetes, pituitary hypogonadism, manifested by decreased libido and impotence in men and amenorrhea in women, hypopituitarism, thyroid dysfunction, adrenal dysfunction, parathyroid defects, and osteoporosis.

• #61 Hemochromatosis Clinical Presentation: History and Physical Examination, Screening

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/177216-clinical

  Cirrhosis is due to progressive iron deposition in the liver parenchyma, and it is one of the most common disease manifestations of the tissue damage caused by hemochromatosis. […] Diabetes, often requiring insulin therapy, occurs due to progressive iron accumulation in the pancreas. […] Arthropathy is due to iron accumulation in joint tissues. […] Amenorrhea, loss of libido, impotence, and symptoms of hypothyroidism can be seen in patients with hereditary hemochromatosis. […] Cardiac enlargement, with or without heart failure or conduction defects, is another mode of presentation, particularly in younger patients. […] Osteopenia and osteoporosis as well as hair loss and koilonychia (spoon nails) may occur in patients with hemochromatosis.

• #62

  https://us.betteryou.com/blogs/conditions/haemochromatosis-symptoms-treatment-guide

  Hemochromatosis can cause a number of unwelcome symptoms which can be harmful to your health. The signs usually begin between the ages 30 and 60, and it is important to know these side effects to be aware of your risk of illness. Common symptoms of hemochromatosis include: […] Feeling very tired all the time is a common symptom of hemochromatosis. You may feel like you have less energy to complete daily tasks or activities. […] Hemochromatosis is also known for triggering the loss of a menstrual cycle in those who have periods. This is because the excess iron affects how quickly cells are made in the endometrium, or uterus lining. […] Excess iron absorbed in those with hemochromatosis, is stored in your joints, which can cause pain and discomfort. […] Hemochromatosis may lead to male impotence and a loss of sex drive, this is due to iron overload causing low levels of testosterone.

• #63 Hemochromatosis | Liver Canada

  https://liver.ca/hemochromatosis/

  The liver begins at birth to retain iron, but it could take 20-30 years before symptoms begin to show. […] Women typically present signs later in life when they are postmenopausal, likely because of menstrual blood loss delaying the development of symptomatic iron overload. […] The clinical manifestations of iron overload typically develop in the 40s or 50s. […] In later stages: abdominal pain or tenderness, yellowing of the skin and eyes (jaundice), distention of the abdomen (ascites), bleeding from dilated veins in the esophagus (variceal bleeding), development of diabetes, the skin may have a bronze or grey colour, excessive hunger and thirst, frequent urination. […] With iron over-accumulation in the heart muscle, it can produce irregular heart rhythm, causing shortness of breath and swelling of the ankles. In the pituitary gland, iron deposits can lead to sexual dysfunction, loss of libido and impotence in men, and menstrual irregularities in women.

• #64

  https://www2.hse.ie/conditions/haemochromatosis/symptoms/

  Haemochromatosis symptoms usually start between age 30 and 60, but they can happen earlier. […] Symptoms usually develop earlier in men than in women. Symptoms may not start in women until after menopause. […] Early symptoms of haemochromatosis can include: feeling very tired all the time (fatigue), weight loss, weakness, joint pain, not being able to get or maintain an erection (erectile dysfunction), irregular periods or absent periods. […] If haemochromatosis is not treated early, you may get serious complications. These can lead to symptoms such as: loss of sex drive (libido), darkening of the skin – if you are white you may look permanently tanned, tummy (abdominal) pain and swelling, yellowing of the eyes and skin (jaundice) – this may be harder to see on black and brown skin, feeling thirsty all the time and needing to pee often, joint pain and stiffness, especially in your fingers, chest pain, shortness of breath, swollen hands and feet, an irregular heartbeat, your testicles getting smaller.

• #65

  https://us.betteryou.com/blogs/conditions/haemochromatosis-symptoms-treatment-guide

  Hemochromatosis can cause a number of unwelcome symptoms which can be harmful to your health. The signs usually begin between the ages 30 and 60, and it is important to know these side effects to be aware of your risk of illness. Common symptoms of hemochromatosis include: […] Feeling very tired all the time is a common symptom of hemochromatosis. You may feel like you have less energy to complete daily tasks or activities. […] Hemochromatosis is also known for triggering the loss of a menstrual cycle in those who have periods. This is because the excess iron affects how quickly cells are made in the endometrium, or uterus lining. […] Excess iron absorbed in those with hemochromatosis, is stored in your joints, which can cause pain and discomfort. […] Hemochromatosis may lead to male impotence and a loss of sex drive, this is due to iron overload causing low levels of testosterone.

• #66 Haemochromatosis | Leukaemia & Blood Cancer New Zealand

  https://www.leukaemia.org.nz/blood-cancer-information/haemochromatosis

  Many people with haemochromatosis have no symptoms, and the condition is detected by testing the serum ferritin through a routine blood test. […] Symptoms of haemochromatosis do not appear in any particular order and may be different from person to person. As iron accumulates over the years, variable signs and symptoms may appear, such as: Tiredness/fatigue, Weakness, Joint or abdominal pain, Low libido (loss of sex drive), General malaise (discomfort or physical unease), Skin/complexion may darken (associated with high ferritin levels). […] These symptoms are not specific to haemochromatosis, and may not be present at all, the condition may go unrecognised for some time. […] If the tissue iron level reaches a very high level, there can be a risk of serious problems occurring. Symptoms of high levels of iron overload in organs include: Enlarged liver and/or pain in the area of the liver (under the right rib cage), jaundice (yellow colour of the skin and/or eyes), Irregular heart beat or palpitations, shortness of breath, fatigue and/or swollen ankles, increased thirst, need to urinate, tiredness, skin infections that dont heal, blurry vision, dizziness, changes in weight and/or always feeling hungry, Arthritis, most commonly in the joints of the hands, feet, wrists, shoulders, knees, ankles and hips, Irregular periods, early menopause, loss of libido (sex drive), Loss of libido (low sex drive), shrinking testicles, enlarged breast tissue and/or inability to get or maintain an erection (impotence).

• #67 Haemochromatosis: Symptoms, Causes, and Treatment

  https://patient.info/allergies-blood-immune/haemochromatosis-leaflet

  Symptoms of haemochromatosis usually start between the ages of 30 and 50 years. The first symptoms are usually vague and may include feeling weak and tired, and having joint pains or abdominal pains. […] As haemochromatosis progresses, more specific symptoms develop due to organ damage but these are significantly less common nowadays due to earlier diagnosis. However there are still many cases each year in people who have not yet been diagnosed. […] These problems may include: Joint pain and swelling, especially the knuckle and the first joint of the first two fingers. Bronzing of the skin (looking like a permanent tan). Loss of sex drive. Loss of body hair. Impotence in men. Period changes in women. Women may have either no menstrual periods or very light menstrual periods. Early menopause may also occur in women with haemochromatosis. Poor memory. Feeling irritable. Depression. Developing diabetes. An increase in the size of the liver. 'Scarring’ (cirrhosis) of the liver. Disease of the heart muscle (cardiomyopathy).

• #68 Sign up for our monthly newsletter

  https://www.haemochromatosis.org.uk/common-symptoms-of-genetic-haemochromatosis

  Symptoms of genetic haemochromatosis can include the following: […] Most individuals who have GH will, if untreated, develop at least one or two of the above symptoms, although possibly only in a very mild form. There may be a long phase of the condition where there are no symptoms. […] Fatigue liver problems joint problems is a typical order of symptoms developing (though this does vary of course). Joints complaints are typical of the elderly and sexual problems typical of younger people at diagnosis. […] The need for treatment to remove excess iron does not depend upon the presence of clinical symptoms. The risk of developing a serious complaint such as cirrhosis is much too great to be overlooked.

• #69 Symptoms and Diagnosis – Canadian Hemochromatosis Society

  https://www.toomuchiron.ca/hemochromatosis/symptoms-diagnosis/

  Early Symptoms Often Go Unnoticed. In spite of being the most common genetic disorder among persons of Northern European descent, hemochromatosis remains relatively unknown. Until recently, physicians were taught that HHC was extremely rare, so symptoms were attributed to other causes. Many early symptoms go unnoticed so individuals with hemochromatosis go undiagnosed until irreversible damage has occurred. Even post mortem, hemochromatosis is often overlooked as a possible cause of death. That is why hereditary hemochromatosis has been called a “silent killer”. […] Symptoms of HHC do not necessarily appear in a particular order, and importantly, not all hemochromatosis sufferers will have every symptom. The following symptoms have been associated with hemochromatosis, and any combination of two or more should prompt further investigation: Chronic fatigue, Joint pain, Arthritis, especially of the knuckles of the first and second finger, and thumb, A change in skin colour, either bronzing like a tan that never fades or a slate gray, Abdominal pain and distention, Menstrual irregularities and premature menopause, Loss of body hair, Loss of libido or sexual drive, Impotence, Sudden weight loss, Thyroid problems.

• #70 Symptoms and Diagnosis – Canadian Hemochromatosis Society

  https://www.toomuchiron.ca/hemochromatosis/symptoms-diagnosis/

  Without any kind of intervention, damage to organs from too much iron can eventually result in life threatening significant diseases, such as: Cirrhosis, with all its complications such as liver cancer and internal hemorrhage, Congestive heart failure, Diabetes. […] Diagnosing the disorder before symptoms occur, while still in the early stages before irreversible damage is done, is extremely important. Many complications can be treated or prevented, but early diagnosis and therapy is the key. […] Elevated levels of serum ferritin and transferrin saturation can be detected even before symptoms are noticeable. Continued abnormally high results of serum ferritin and transferrin saturation are called biochemical iron overload and is considered the first sign of hemochromatosis.

• #71 Symptoms and Diagnosis – Canadian Hemochromatosis Society

  https://www.toomuchiron.ca/hemochromatosis/symptoms-diagnosis/

  Without any kind of intervention, damage to organs from too much iron can eventually result in life threatening significant diseases, such as: Cirrhosis, with all its complications such as liver cancer and internal hemorrhage, Congestive heart failure, Diabetes. […] Diagnosing the disorder before symptoms occur, while still in the early stages before irreversible damage is done, is extremely important. Many complications can be treated or prevented, but early diagnosis and therapy is the key. […] Elevated levels of serum ferritin and transferrin saturation can be detected even before symptoms are noticeable. Continued abnormally high results of serum ferritin and transferrin saturation are called biochemical iron overload and is considered the first sign of hemochromatosis.

• #72 Sign up for our monthly newsletter

  https://www.haemochromatosis.org.uk/common-symptoms-of-genetic-haemochromatosis

  Symptoms of genetic haemochromatosis can include the following: […] Most individuals who have GH will, if untreated, develop at least one or two of the above symptoms, although possibly only in a very mild form. There may be a long phase of the condition where there are no symptoms. […] Fatigue liver problems joint problems is a typical order of symptoms developing (though this does vary of course). Joints complaints are typical of the elderly and sexual problems typical of younger people at diagnosis. […] The need for treatment to remove excess iron does not depend upon the presence of clinical symptoms. The risk of developing a serious complaint such as cirrhosis is much too great to be overlooked.

• #73 Hemochromatosis – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK430862/

  Hemochromatosis is a disorder characterized by excessive iron accumulation in body tissues that leads to the dysfunction of various organs. The symptoms of hemochromatosis typically appear in adulthood and may include fatigue, joint pain, and skin darkening, among others. Diagnosis is made through blood tests measuring iron levels and genetic testing. Treatment of hemochromatosis primarily involves regular phlebotomy to remove excess iron from the body, and early detection can prevent severe organ damage. […] Symptoms are generally nonspecific, and many cases are discovered through elevated transaminase, ferritin, and transferrin saturation levels. Patients are usually asymptomatic until adulthood, and often, a diagnosis will not be made until multiple systems are affected. Almost all patients complain of severe fatigue. Other early manifestations include arthralgias and lethargy. Patients are typically symptomatic for up to 10 years before diagnosis.

• #74 Hemochromatosis – Rheumatology Advisor

  https://www.rheumatologyadvisor.com/ddi/hemochromatosis/

  Hemochromatosis can cause serious health problems and death, it is a common disease that is highly treatable, especially when diagnosed early. Symptoms of hemochromatosis present in a wide variety of ways and to varying degrees. Some people will not develop symptoms at all, while others may experience very serious symptoms and complications from the disease. As hemochromatosis can lead to organ dysfunction in multiple organs, clinical signs of the condition depend on the organ system(s) that is most affected. […] Patients are typically asymptomatic until middle age, and the diagnosis often comes only after multiple systems are affected. Women with hemochromatosis usually present later in life due to the blood loss and iron excretion associated with menstruation. One symptom that almost all patients complain of is severe fatigue. Other symptoms may include: General weakness, Lethargy, Joint pain, Abdominal pain, Heart flutters or irregular heartbeat, Pain in the knuckles of the pointer and middle fingers, sometimes known as iron fist, Bronze or gray skin color, Unexplained weight loss. Hemochromatosis can be difficult to diagnose, with most patients presenting with symptoms for 10 years before diagnosis.

• #75 Hereditary hemochromatosis: MedlinePlus GeneticsLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/hereditary-hemochromatosis/

  Type 1, the most common form of the disorder, and type 4 (also called ferroportin disease) begin in adulthood. Men with type 1 or type 4 hemochromatosis typically develop symptoms between the ages of 40 and 60, and women usually develop symptoms after menopause. […] Type 2 hemochromatosis is known as a juvenile-onset disorder because symptoms often begin in childhood. By age 20, iron accumulation causes decreased or absent secretion of sex hormones. Affected females usually begin menstruation normally but menses stop after a few years. Males may experience delayed puberty or symptoms related to a shortage of sex hormones. If type 2 hemochromatosis is untreated, potentially fatal heart disease becomes evident by age 30. […] The onset of type 3 hemochromatosis is usually intermediate between types 1 and 2 with symptoms generally beginning before age 30.

• #76 Juvenile Hemochromatosis | Iron Disorders Institute

  https://irondisorders.org/juvenile-hemochromatosis1/

  Juvenile Hemochromatosis When symptoms or clinical signs of iron overload occur in someone who is younger than thirty, it is generally due to Juvenile hemochromatosis (JH). […] The consequences are severe heart disease or heart attack, hypothyroidism, little to no menstruation or hypogonadism. […] There are some early signs or symptoms of juvenile hemochromatosis such as: With FEMALES: If a young girl fails to start a menstrual cycle at the proper age, has very erratic periods or stops having a period once she begins. With MALES: hypgonadism (small testicles) Jaundice or odd colored skin (ashen gray green or reddish) Abdominal pain (upper right quadrant—in area of the liver) Joint pain Rapid weight loss Gall bladder, pancreas or liver problems Irregular heart beat Elevated blood sugar.

• #77 Hemochromatosis: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/177216-overview

  Once diagnosed, hemochromatosis is treated by phlebotomy to rid the body of excess iron and to maintain normal iron stores. […] Early detection and treatment of this common iron overload disorder can guarantee a normal lifespan in patients with hemochromatosis. […] The most important prognostic factor at the time of diagnosis is the presence or absence of hepatic fibrosis or cirrhosis. Patients without significant hepatic fibrosis may be expected to have a normal life expectancy with phlebotomy therapy. Adequate phlebotomy treatment is the major determinant of survival, and it markedly improves prognosis. Early diagnosis and therapeutic phlebotomy to maintain low normal body stores is crucial and can prevent all known complications of hemochromatosis. If untreated, hemochromatosis may lead to death from cirrhosis, diabetes, malignant hepatoma, or cardiac disease.

• #78 Hereditary hemochromatosis: MedlinePlus GeneticsLock

  https://medlineplus.gov/genetics/condition/hereditary-hemochromatosis/

  Hereditary hemochromatosis is a disorder that causes the body to absorb too much iron from the diet. The excess iron is stored in the body’s tissues and organs, particularly the skin, heart, liver, pancreas, and joints. Because humans cannot increase the excretion of iron, excess iron can overload and eventually damage tissues and organs. For this reason, hereditary hemochromatosis is also called an iron overload disorder. […] Early symptoms of hereditary hemochromatosis may include extreme tiredness (fatigue), joint pain, abdominal pain, weight loss, and loss of sex drive. As the condition worsens, affected individuals may develop arthritis, liver disease (cirrhosis) or liver cancer, diabetes, heart abnormalities, or skin discoloration. The appearance and severity of symptoms can be affected by environmental and lifestyle factors such as the amount of iron in the diet, alcohol use, and infections.

• #79 Hemochromatosis (Iron Overload): Symptoms and more

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/166455

  Without treatment, an accumulation of iron can lead to health complications, such as: cirrhosis, a higher chance of liver cancer relating to cirrhosis or hemochromatosis, diabetes and associated complications, congestive heart failure, if too much iron builds up in the heart and the body cannot circulate enough blood, irregular heart rhythms, or arrhythmias, leading to chest pain, palpitations, and dizziness, endocrine problems, such as hypothyroidism or hypogonadism, arthritis, osteoarthritis, or osteoporosis, bronze or gray skin due to the deposits of iron in skin cells. […] Hemochromatosis, or iron overload, involves excess levels of iron building up in the body. Without treatment, the condition can cause serious complications, and it can be life threatening.

• #80 Hemochromatosis Symptoms: Diagnosis, Treatment, and Complications

  https://resources.healthgrades.com/right-care/blood-conditions/hemochromatosis

  Hemochromatosis is the buildup of too much iron in the body. Excess iron damages the body. Possible early symptoms can include abdominal pain, fatigue, joint pain, and loss of interest in sex. […] The symptoms of hemochromatosis are due to the effect of excess iron in your body’s tissues and organs. However, some people do not experience symptoms. […] Some early warning signs of hemochromatosis can include: abdominal pain, bronzing or graying of the skin, feeling very tired, erection difficulty, reduced interest in sex, joint pain, unexplained weight loss, weakness. […] A buildup of iron can affect all the organs in the body and cause serious health problems. Without treatment, high iron complications can include: cirrhosis, liver cancer, liver failure, cardiomyopathy, diabetes, certain bacterial infections, arthritis, permanent or chronic abdominal pain, thyroid disease.

• #81 Hereditary Hemochromatosis: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment, and Outlook

  https://www.healthline.com/health/blood-cell-disorders/hereditary-hemochromatosis

  Most people with hereditary hemochromatosis never develop symptoms. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), when symptoms do appear, they can include: fatigue, weakness, joint pain, unintentional weight loss, bronze or gray skin color, abdominal pain, loss of sex drive. […] Symptoms typically develop after the age of 40, and women usually develop symptoms later than men. Juvenile hemochromatosis usually develops before the age of 30. […] If left untreated, hereditary hemochromatosis can cause difficulties such as: cirrhosis, which occurs in 70% of people with hemochromatosis, liver cancer, heart conditions, arthritis, diabetes. […] If hereditary hemochromatosis is well controlled, there’s limited risk of death or complications. If severe organ damage has already occurred, people usually live less than 2 years. Liver cancer causes about 30% of deaths. […] Higher levels of liver scarring is the main factor linked to having a poorer outlook.

• #82 Hereditary Hemochromatosis: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment, and Outlook

  https://www.healthline.com/health/blood-cell-disorders/hereditary-hemochromatosis

  Most people with hereditary hemochromatosis never develop symptoms. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), when symptoms do appear, they can include: fatigue, weakness, joint pain, unintentional weight loss, bronze or gray skin color, abdominal pain, loss of sex drive. […] Symptoms typically develop after the age of 40, and women usually develop symptoms later than men. Juvenile hemochromatosis usually develops before the age of 30. […] If left untreated, hereditary hemochromatosis can cause difficulties such as: cirrhosis, which occurs in 70% of people with hemochromatosis, liver cancer, heart conditions, arthritis, diabetes. […] If hereditary hemochromatosis is well controlled, there’s limited risk of death or complications. If severe organ damage has already occurred, people usually live less than 2 years. Liver cancer causes about 30% of deaths. […] Higher levels of liver scarring is the main factor linked to having a poorer outlook.

• #83 Hereditary Hemochromatosis | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2013/0201/p183.html

  The five-year survival rate in patients who have untreated hereditary hemochromatosis and cirrhosis is reduced by 50 percent compared with those who do not have cirrhosis. […] Iron overload causes restrictive cardiomyopathy, diastolic dysfunction, heart failure, dysrhythmias, and conduction defects, which may lead to atrioventricular block, bradyarrhythmias, tachyarrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death. Iron-overload cardiomyopathy is reversible if therapy begins before the onset of overt heart failure.

• #84 Iron overload – Wikipedia

  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iron_overload

  Iron overload (also known as haemochromatosis or hemochromatosis) is the abnormal and increased accumulation of total iron in the body, leading to organ damage. The primary mechanism of organ damage is oxidative stress, as elevated intracellular iron levels increase free radical formation via the Fenton reaction. Iron deposition most commonly occurs in the liver, pancreas, skin, heart, and joints. People with iron overload classically present with the triad of liver cirrhosis, secondary diabetes mellitus, and bronze skin. However, due to earlier detection nowadays, symptoms are often limited to general chronic malaise, arthralgia, and hepatomegaly. […] Organs most commonly affected by hemochromatosis include the liver, heart, and endocrine glands. Hemochromatosis may present with the following clinical syndromes: liver: chronic liver disease and cirrhosis of the liver; heart: heart failure, cardiac arrhythmia; hormones: diabetes and hypogonadism which leads to low sex drive and/or loss of fertility in men and loss of fertility and menstrual cycle in women; metabolism: diabetes in people with iron overload occurs as a result of selective iron deposition in islet beta cells in the pancreas leading to functional failure and cell death; skeletal: arthritis, from iron deposition in joints leading to joint pains; skin: melanoderma (darkening or 'bronzing’ of the skin). Hemochromatosis leading to secondary diabetes (through iron deposition in the insulin secreting beta cells of the pancreas), when combined with a bronzing or darkening of the skin, is sometimes known as „bronze diabetes”.

• #85 Patient education: Hereditary hemochromatosis (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/hereditary-hemochromatosis-beyond-the-basics/print

  Some of these problems get better with treatment, especially if treatment is started early and sufficient iron is removed from the body. However, some of these complications may not be reversible. […] In addition to causing symptoms, hemochromatosis can increase the risk of infections with specific types of bacteria. Iron accumulation interferes with the ability to fight off certain bacteria, and certain bacteria grow well in an iron-rich environment. […] Most people with hemochromatosis have a normal life expectancy. Survival may be shortened in people who are not treated and develop cirrhosis or diabetes mellitus.

• #86 Patient education: Hereditary hemochromatosis (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/hereditary-hemochromatosis-beyond-the-basics

  Darkening of the skin – Iron in the skin, along with the pigment melanin, can darken the skin and give a person a tanned appearance or may sometimes cause skin to look grey. […] Infections — In addition to causing symptoms, hemochromatosis can increase the risk of infections with specific types of bacteria. Iron accumulation interferes with the ability to fight off certain bacteria, and certain bacteria grow well in an iron-rich environment.

• #87 Hereditary Hemochromatosis – Symptoms & Treatment

  https://familydoctor.org/condition/hereditary-hemochromatosis/

  Hereditary hemochromatosis can’t be prevented. But early diagnosis and treatment can improve symptoms. It also can reduce the chance of you getting more serious health conditions. For example, if you’re diagnosed and treated before you get cirrhosis or diabetes, your life expectancy should be normal.

• #88 Hemochromatosis: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/177216-overview

  Once diagnosed, hemochromatosis is treated by phlebotomy to rid the body of excess iron and to maintain normal iron stores. […] Early detection and treatment of this common iron overload disorder can guarantee a normal lifespan in patients with hemochromatosis. […] The most important prognostic factor at the time of diagnosis is the presence or absence of hepatic fibrosis or cirrhosis. Patients without significant hepatic fibrosis may be expected to have a normal life expectancy with phlebotomy therapy. Adequate phlebotomy treatment is the major determinant of survival, and it markedly improves prognosis. Early diagnosis and therapeutic phlebotomy to maintain low normal body stores is crucial and can prevent all known complications of hemochromatosis. If untreated, hemochromatosis may lead to death from cirrhosis, diabetes, malignant hepatoma, or cardiac disease.

• #89

  https://www.beaumont.org/conditions/hemochromatosis

  Hereditary hemochromatosis is one of the most common genetic disorders in the U.S. It is a metabolic disorder that causes increased absorption of iron from the digestive tract. The iron is deposited in the body tissues and organs. Over time, the iron accumulates in the body where it may become toxic and cause damage. Excess iron in the heart, liver, pancreas, and pituitary causes the more severe complications of hereditary hemochromatosis. […] The following are the most common symptoms of hemochromatosis. However, each individual may experience symptoms differently. Symptoms may include: lethargy and weakness, irritability, depression, joint pain, bronze or yellowish skin color, loss of body hair, impotence in men, amenorrhea in women, infection. […] Untreated or severe hemochromatosis may lead to the following: liver function abnormalities and enlargement, abnormal heart rhythm, heart failure, enlarged spleen, diabetes. […] If hereditary hemochromatosis is discovered and iron stores returned to normal before damage to organs occurs, patients with it will live a normal lifespan.

• #90 Hereditary Hemochromatosis – with Dr. Sid Barritt | Department of Medicine

  https://www.med.unc.edu/medicine/news/chairs-corner/podcast/hereditary-hemochromatosis-barritt/

  The goal is to identify this long before the symptoms occur and treat it. […] Iron can deposit in a variety of different places like we mentioned before, the liver, the heart, the pancreas. Iron deposition in the pancreas can lead to pancreatic dysfunction and diabetes. One other place where iron can get deposited is in the skin. Patients will get a tan to bronze discoloration of the skin, leading to this bronzing phenomenon. Early on, bronze diabetes was how hemochromatosis was initially recognized. […] Most of the symptoms of hereditary hemochromatosis can be reversed with iron depletion in phlebotomy, especially if we start this early, before a patient is overly symptomatic. One of the unfortunate symptoms that can be most challenging to reverse is the arthritis that comes along with severe cases of iron overload. […] If we can appropriately iron-deplete a patient, then hemochromatosis becomes sort of a back-burner diagnosis, so to speak. Patients can expect a normal life expectancy, if its caught early and there are no long-term changes to the liver, to the heart, the pancreas, et cetera.

• #91 Hemochromatosis – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hemochromatosis/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351448

  Hemochromatosis can be difficult to diagnose. Early symptoms such as stiff joints and fatigue may be due to conditions other than hemochromatosis. […] Many people with the disease don’t have any symptoms other than high levels of iron in their blood. Hemochromatosis may be identified because of irregular blood test results after testing is done for other reasons. It also may be revealed when screening family members of people diagnosed with the disease. […] Treating hemochromatosis can help relieve symptoms of tiredness, stomach pain and skin darkening. It can help prevent serious complications such as liver disease, heart disease and diabetes. If you already have one of these conditions, phlebotomy may slow the progression of the disease. In some cases, it may even reverse it. […] Phlebotomy can’t reverse cirrhosis or joint pain, but it can slow the progression.

• #92 Hereditary Hemochromatosis | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2013/0201/p183.html

  The five-year survival rate in patients who have untreated hereditary hemochromatosis and cirrhosis is reduced by 50 percent compared with those who do not have cirrhosis. […] Iron overload causes restrictive cardiomyopathy, diastolic dysfunction, heart failure, dysrhythmias, and conduction defects, which may lead to atrioventricular block, bradyarrhythmias, tachyarrhythmias, and sudden cardiac death. Iron-overload cardiomyopathy is reversible if therapy begins before the onset of overt heart failure.

• #93 Hereditary Hemochromatosis: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment, and Outlook

  https://www.healthline.com/health/blood-cell-disorders/hereditary-hemochromatosis

  Most people with hereditary hemochromatosis never develop symptoms. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), when symptoms do appear, they can include: fatigue, weakness, joint pain, unintentional weight loss, bronze or gray skin color, abdominal pain, loss of sex drive. […] Symptoms typically develop after the age of 40, and women usually develop symptoms later than men. Juvenile hemochromatosis usually develops before the age of 30. […] If left untreated, hereditary hemochromatosis can cause difficulties such as: cirrhosis, which occurs in 70% of people with hemochromatosis, liver cancer, heart conditions, arthritis, diabetes. […] If hereditary hemochromatosis is well controlled, there’s limited risk of death or complications. If severe organ damage has already occurred, people usually live less than 2 years. Liver cancer causes about 30% of deaths. […] Higher levels of liver scarring is the main factor linked to having a poorer outlook.

• #94 Hemochromatosis – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hemochromatosis/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351448

  Hemochromatosis can be difficult to diagnose. Early symptoms such as stiff joints and fatigue may be due to conditions other than hemochromatosis. […] Many people with the disease don’t have any symptoms other than high levels of iron in their blood. Hemochromatosis may be identified because of irregular blood test results after testing is done for other reasons. It also may be revealed when screening family members of people diagnosed with the disease. […] Treating hemochromatosis can help relieve symptoms of tiredness, stomach pain and skin darkening. It can help prevent serious complications such as liver disease, heart disease and diabetes. If you already have one of these conditions, phlebotomy may slow the progression of the disease. In some cases, it may even reverse it. […] Phlebotomy can’t reverse cirrhosis or joint pain, but it can slow the progression.

• #95 Hemochromatosis | Arthritis Foundation

  https://www.arthritis.org/diseases/hemochromatosis

  Hemochromatosis, or iron overload disease, is one of the most common inherited disorders. Hereditary hemochromatosis, sometimes called iron overload disease, causes the body to absorb too much iron from foods. […] Only about 10 percent of people who have the genes that cause hemochromatosis have an iron overload severe enough to cause organ damage. Without treatment, this buildup can lead to life-threatening organ damage. Symptoms of hereditary hemochromatosis often appear in midlife. Early symptoms may be nonspecific and often include joint pain, fatigue and weakness. Hemochromatosis symptoms often occur earlier in men than women, and men may experience more severe symptoms of the disease related to organ damage, such as diabetes, loss of sex drive or impotence or heart failure. […] Returning iron to normal levels relieves the fatigue and most symptoms of hemochromatosis; it also prevents complications from occurring, but it cant repair the damage already done.

• #96 Hereditary Hemochromatosis | UPMC Center for Liver Care

  https://www.upmc.com/services/digestive-disorders-center/services/liver-diseases/conditions/genetic-liver-diseases/hereditary-hemochromatosis

  Many people who have hereditary hemochromatosis don’t have any symptoms. In fact, as many as half of all people with the disease don’t have symptoms. […] Hemochromatosis can affect many organs, so symptoms may vary. […] The most common symptoms include: Bronzed or brownish skin tone, Fatigue, Irregular heartbeat, Joint pain, Loss of sex drive, Stomach pain, Unexplained weight loss, Weakness. […] Men most often start to show symptoms during their 40s and 50s. Diabetes or cirrhosis often are the first signs of hemochromatosis in men. […] In contrast, women often don’t show symptoms until their 60s. […] But when women reach menopause, they will start amassing excess iron if they have the disease. They’re more likely to have broad symptoms first, such as fatigue. […] People in their teens and 20s can also develop iron overload. […] The main goal of treatment is to remove excess iron from your body before it damages your organs. […] If you have hereditary hemochromatosis, you will need regular treatment for the rest of your life. […] If you stop treatment, excess iron will build up in your body again.

• #97 About Hereditary Hemochromatosis | Hereditary Hemochromatosis | CDC

  https://www.cdc.gov/hereditary-hemochromatosis/about/index.html

  Hemochromatosis is a disease in which too much iron builds up in the body and can cause severe liver disease and other health problems. […] Symptoms of hemochromatosis include feeling tired or weak, weight loss, joint pain, bronze or grey skin color, abdominal pain, and loss of sex drive. […] Many people with hereditary hemochromatosis don’t know they have it. Early symptoms of hemochromatosis, such as feeling tired or weak, are common and can also be symptoms of a variety of other diseases. […] The earlier hemochromatosis is diagnosed, the less likely you are to develop serious complications many of which can cause permanent problems.

• #98 Symptoms and Diagnosis – Canadian Hemochromatosis Society

  https://www.toomuchiron.ca/hemochromatosis/symptoms-diagnosis/

  Without any kind of intervention, damage to organs from too much iron can eventually result in life threatening significant diseases, such as: Cirrhosis, with all its complications such as liver cancer and internal hemorrhage, Congestive heart failure, Diabetes. […] Diagnosing the disorder before symptoms occur, while still in the early stages before irreversible damage is done, is extremely important. Many complications can be treated or prevented, but early diagnosis and therapy is the key. […] Elevated levels of serum ferritin and transferrin saturation can be detected even before symptoms are noticeable. Continued abnormally high results of serum ferritin and transferrin saturation are called biochemical iron overload and is considered the first sign of hemochromatosis.

• #99 Symptoms and Diagnosis – Canadian Hemochromatosis Society

  https://www.toomuchiron.ca/hemochromatosis/symptoms-diagnosis/

  Early Symptoms Often Go Unnoticed. In spite of being the most common genetic disorder among persons of Northern European descent, hemochromatosis remains relatively unknown. Until recently, physicians were taught that HHC was extremely rare, so symptoms were attributed to other causes. Many early symptoms go unnoticed so individuals with hemochromatosis go undiagnosed until irreversible damage has occurred. Even post mortem, hemochromatosis is often overlooked as a possible cause of death. That is why hereditary hemochromatosis has been called a “silent killer”. […] Symptoms of HHC do not necessarily appear in a particular order, and importantly, not all hemochromatosis sufferers will have every symptom. The following symptoms have been associated with hemochromatosis, and any combination of two or more should prompt further investigation: Chronic fatigue, Joint pain, Arthritis, especially of the knuckles of the first and second finger, and thumb, A change in skin colour, either bronzing like a tan that never fades or a slate gray, Abdominal pain and distention, Menstrual irregularities and premature menopause, Loss of body hair, Loss of libido or sexual drive, Impotence, Sudden weight loss, Thyroid problems.

• #100 Symptoms and Diagnosis – Canadian Hemochromatosis Society

  https://www.toomuchiron.ca/hemochromatosis/symptoms-diagnosis/

  Without any kind of intervention, damage to organs from too much iron can eventually result in life threatening significant diseases, such as: Cirrhosis, with all its complications such as liver cancer and internal hemorrhage, Congestive heart failure, Diabetes. […] Diagnosing the disorder before symptoms occur, while still in the early stages before irreversible damage is done, is extremely important. Many complications can be treated or prevented, but early diagnosis and therapy is the key. […] Elevated levels of serum ferritin and transferrin saturation can be detected even before symptoms are noticeable. Continued abnormally high results of serum ferritin and transferrin saturation are called biochemical iron overload and is considered the first sign of hemochromatosis.

• #101 Hemochromatosis – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hemochromatosis/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351448

  Hemochromatosis can be difficult to diagnose. Early symptoms such as stiff joints and fatigue may be due to conditions other than hemochromatosis. […] Many people with the disease don’t have any symptoms other than high levels of iron in their blood. Hemochromatosis may be identified because of irregular blood test results after testing is done for other reasons. It also may be revealed when screening family members of people diagnosed with the disease. […] Treating hemochromatosis can help relieve symptoms of tiredness, stomach pain and skin darkening. It can help prevent serious complications such as liver disease, heart disease and diabetes. If you already have one of these conditions, phlebotomy may slow the progression of the disease. In some cases, it may even reverse it. […] Phlebotomy can’t reverse cirrhosis or joint pain, but it can slow the progression.

• #102 What is haemochromatosis? – BHF

  https://www.bhf.org.uk/informationsupport/heart-matters-magazine/medical/haemochromatosis

  Haemochromatosis is an inherited condition which results in too much iron being stored in the body. […] It takes a long time for the iron to build up, so for the common type of hereditary haemochromatosis, symptoms are usually first seen between the ages of 30 and 60. […] The first symptoms people may notice are tiredness and darkening of the skin, or not feeling quite right. Later symptoms may be due to the effects of organ damage. If the high iron levels have damaged your liver, you may get fibrosis (hardening and scarring of the liver, which over time stops it from working as well) which may develop into cirrhosis, which is severe scarring that damages the function of the liver. […] A build-up of iron in the heart can cause heart failure and abnormal heart rhythms. This is a very significant problem which will needs careful management. […] Generally we look at the ferritin, and those patients who have higher ferritin (above 1,000 micrograms per litre) may require closer monitoring after the initial phase of treatment as they are more likely to develop long term problems, particularly of the liver.

• #103 Haemochromatosis | Leukaemia & Blood Cancer New Zealand

  https://www.leukaemia.org.nz/blood-cancer-information/haemochromatosis

  Once diagnosed, you are likely to need regular blood tests. If you have a high ferritin level, then you may need treatment to prevent organ damage. […] There is no cure for haemochromatosis, but treatments can keep the iron overload under control. This treatment is an effective and economical way of removing iron from the body.

• #104 Hemochromatosis – Types, Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, Treatment

  https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/what-is-hemochromatosis

  If you take a lot of vitamin C or eat a lot of foods that contain it, you can make hemochromatosis worse. Thats because vitamin C helps your body absorb iron from food. […] If you have hemochromatosis and don’t get treated, it can lead to problems with your joints and the organs that store iron such as the liver, heart, and pancreas. Over time, hemochromatosis can cause problems including: Liver damage, particularly cirrhosis, Diabetes, from damage to the pancreas, Heart conditions including congestive heart failure and arrhythmia (irregular heart rhythm), Reproductive issues such as loss of sex drive and erectile dysfunction in men and loss of periods in women, Skin which can look gray or become darker because of iron deposits in your skin cells.

• #105 Hereditary Hemochromatosis – Symptoms & Treatment

  https://familydoctor.org/condition/hereditary-hemochromatosis/

  Hereditary hemochromatosis is a disease in which your body has high levels of iron. That means you have too much iron. It’s often called “iron overload.” Your body can’t get rid of the extra iron, and it ends up damaging your tissues and organs. It can lead to liver damage, arthritis, heart problems, and diabetes. […] Symptoms are different for every person. And some people with the disease don’t have symptoms at all. Men have symptoms more often than women. Most people don’t have symptoms until they are older. Symptoms can change depending on the amount of iron you get from your food, iron pills, alcohol, and infections. […] You may feel tired. You may have stomach and joint pain. Your sex drive may be reduced. Women may have abnormal periods or early menopause. Your skin may turn bronze or gray. It can cause cirrhosis (permanent liver damage), diabetes, and heart problems.

• #106 Hereditary Hemochromatosis – Symptoms & Treatment

  https://familydoctor.org/condition/hereditary-hemochromatosis/

  Hereditary hemochromatosis is a disease in which your body has high levels of iron. That means you have too much iron. It’s often called “iron overload.” Your body can’t get rid of the extra iron, and it ends up damaging your tissues and organs. It can lead to liver damage, arthritis, heart problems, and diabetes. […] Symptoms are different for every person. And some people with the disease don’t have symptoms at all. Men have symptoms more often than women. Most people don’t have symptoms until they are older. Symptoms can change depending on the amount of iron you get from your food, iron pills, alcohol, and infections. […] You may feel tired. You may have stomach and joint pain. Your sex drive may be reduced. Women may have abnormal periods or early menopause. Your skin may turn bronze or gray. It can cause cirrhosis (permanent liver damage), diabetes, and heart problems.

• #107 Reddit – The heart of the internet

  https://www.reddit.com/r/Hemochromatosis/comments/1c1npne/what_is_your_experience_with_hemochromatosis/

  Male 27 years old just diagnosed homozygous C282Y. […] I have just met with the hematologist for the first time. He is not overly concerned about my organs given my age and current levels. However, I have been scheduled for an MRI to check my liver, to be on the safe side. […] Now for the fun part, I feel TERRIBLE. Thats what led to the initial testing. I feel that it has progressively gotten worse over the last few months. Now, I am exhausted 90% of the time. There is no amount of sleep that is enough. It is very difficult to get out of bed in the morning. I feel like I am in a constant fog, that occasionally leads to a feeling of almost dizziness. […] My hematologist feels that these symptoms are likely linked to my hemochromatosis, given all of the other tests that have already been run. He is hopeful that after my ferritin levels fall below 100 and my saturation falls below 45%, I should feel some symptom relief. […] At this point, I still feel really rough. At what point, did you feel symptom relief? If there is no significant organ damage, is symptom relief likely if your numbers fall within the correct range?

• #108 Hereditary Hemochromatosis Symptoms | Hemochromatosis Help

  https://hemochromatosishelp.com/hemochromatosis-symptoms/

  A maddening aspect of too much iron is that no two individuals experience hemochromatosis symptoms in precisely the same way. […] Symptoms of hemochromatosis range from mild to severe and can occur daily or periodically. […] The two most prominent hemochromatosis symptoms are: Pain Iron overload hurts. Nearly all individuals will experience some degree of joint, muscle, or body pain. […] Fatigue Having too much iron is exhausting. Feeling less energy, being unable to enjoy or even complete daily activities, and waking unrefreshed in the morning are all frequently experienced hemochromatosis symptoms. […] Unchecked, severe cases of iron overload can and will progress through some, or all, of these serious signs, symptoms, and complications. Hemochromatosis can shorten life expectancy. It can be fatal.

• #109 Hereditary Hemochromatosis Symptoms | Hemochromatosis Help

  https://hemochromatosishelp.com/hemochromatosis-symptoms/

  A maddening aspect of too much iron is that no two individuals experience hemochromatosis symptoms in precisely the same way. […] Symptoms of hemochromatosis range from mild to severe and can occur daily or periodically. […] The two most prominent hemochromatosis symptoms are: Pain Iron overload hurts. Nearly all individuals will experience some degree of joint, muscle, or body pain. […] Fatigue Having too much iron is exhausting. Feeling less energy, being unable to enjoy or even complete daily activities, and waking unrefreshed in the morning are all frequently experienced hemochromatosis symptoms. […] Unchecked, severe cases of iron overload can and will progress through some, or all, of these serious signs, symptoms, and complications. Hemochromatosis can shorten life expectancy. It can be fatal.

• #110 Hereditary Hemochromatosis Symptoms | Hemochromatosis Help

  https://hemochromatosishelp.com/hemochromatosis-symptoms/

  Hemochromatosis symptoms can produce some less concerning, yet still undesirable consequences. […] Here are some other commonly reported symptoms of hemochromatosis: Restlessness, Difficulty Concentrating or Focusing […] Hemochromatosis can have a significant impact on our emotional and mental states. […] While these symptoms of too much iron are widespread, I hear of the emotional impact of hemochromatosis as well. […] Whether your symptoms of hemochromatosis are physical, mental, emotional, or all three, I always like to remind my readers that much can be done for iron overload.

• #111 Reddit – The heart of the internet

  https://www.reddit.com/r/Hemochromatosis/comments/1c1npne/what_is_your_experience_with_hemochromatosis/

  Male 27 years old just diagnosed homozygous C282Y. […] I have just met with the hematologist for the first time. He is not overly concerned about my organs given my age and current levels. However, I have been scheduled for an MRI to check my liver, to be on the safe side. […] Now for the fun part, I feel TERRIBLE. Thats what led to the initial testing. I feel that it has progressively gotten worse over the last few months. Now, I am exhausted 90% of the time. There is no amount of sleep that is enough. It is very difficult to get out of bed in the morning. I feel like I am in a constant fog, that occasionally leads to a feeling of almost dizziness. […] My hematologist feels that these symptoms are likely linked to my hemochromatosis, given all of the other tests that have already been run. He is hopeful that after my ferritin levels fall below 100 and my saturation falls below 45%, I should feel some symptom relief. […] At this point, I still feel really rough. At what point, did you feel symptom relief? If there is no significant organ damage, is symptom relief likely if your numbers fall within the correct range?

• #112 Hereditary Hemochromatosis Symptoms | Hemochromatosis Help

  https://hemochromatosishelp.com/hemochromatosis-symptoms/

  Hemochromatosis symptoms can produce some less concerning, yet still undesirable consequences. […] Here are some other commonly reported symptoms of hemochromatosis: Restlessness, Difficulty Concentrating or Focusing […] Hemochromatosis can have a significant impact on our emotional and mental states. […] While these symptoms of too much iron are widespread, I hear of the emotional impact of hemochromatosis as well. […] Whether your symptoms of hemochromatosis are physical, mental, emotional, or all three, I always like to remind my readers that much can be done for iron overload.

• #113

  https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/haemochromatosis/symptoms/

  Symptoms of haemochromatosis usually begin between the ages of 30 and 60, although they can occur earlier. […] The symptoms tend to develop earlier in men than in women. Women often do not experience problems until after the menopause. […] Initial symptoms of haemochromatosis can include: feeling very tired all the time (fatigue), brain fog, mood swings, depression and anxiety, weight loss, weakness, joint pain, especially in the fingers, an inability to get or maintain an erection (erectile dysfunction), irregular periods or stopped or missed periods. […] As the condition progresses, it can also cause problems such as: loss of sex drive (libido), darkening of the skin, if you are white you may look permanently tanned, tummy (abdominal) pain and swelling, yellowing of the skin (which may be less noticeable on brown or black skin) and the white parts of the eyes (jaundice), feeling thirsty all the time and needing to pee frequently, severe pain and stiffness in your joints, particularly in the fingers, chest pain, shortness of breath, swelling of your hands and feet, an irregular heartbeat (arrhythmia), the testicles getting smaller. […] These problems are often caused by complications of haemochromatosis that can happen if the condition is not treated early on.

• #114 Reddit – The heart of the internet

  https://www.reddit.com/r/Hemochromatosis/comments/1c1npne/what_is_your_experience_with_hemochromatosis/

  Male 27 years old just diagnosed homozygous C282Y. […] I have just met with the hematologist for the first time. He is not overly concerned about my organs given my age and current levels. However, I have been scheduled for an MRI to check my liver, to be on the safe side. […] Now for the fun part, I feel TERRIBLE. Thats what led to the initial testing. I feel that it has progressively gotten worse over the last few months. Now, I am exhausted 90% of the time. There is no amount of sleep that is enough. It is very difficult to get out of bed in the morning. I feel like I am in a constant fog, that occasionally leads to a feeling of almost dizziness. […] My hematologist feels that these symptoms are likely linked to my hemochromatosis, given all of the other tests that have already been run. He is hopeful that after my ferritin levels fall below 100 and my saturation falls below 45%, I should feel some symptom relief. […] At this point, I still feel really rough. At what point, did you feel symptom relief? If there is no significant organ damage, is symptom relief likely if your numbers fall within the correct range?

• #115 Hemochromatosis – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hemochromatosis/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351448

  Hemochromatosis can be difficult to diagnose. Early symptoms such as stiff joints and fatigue may be due to conditions other than hemochromatosis. […] Many people with the disease don’t have any symptoms other than high levels of iron in their blood. Hemochromatosis may be identified because of irregular blood test results after testing is done for other reasons. It also may be revealed when screening family members of people diagnosed with the disease. […] Treating hemochromatosis can help relieve symptoms of tiredness, stomach pain and skin darkening. It can help prevent serious complications such as liver disease, heart disease and diabetes. If you already have one of these conditions, phlebotomy may slow the progression of the disease. In some cases, it may even reverse it. […] Phlebotomy can’t reverse cirrhosis or joint pain, but it can slow the progression.

• #116 Hemochromatosis – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/hemochromatosis/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20351448

  Hemochromatosis can be difficult to diagnose. Early symptoms such as stiff joints and fatigue may be due to conditions other than hemochromatosis. […] Many people with the disease don’t have any symptoms other than high levels of iron in their blood. Hemochromatosis may be identified because of irregular blood test results after testing is done for other reasons. It also may be revealed when screening family members of people diagnosed with the disease. […] Treating hemochromatosis can help relieve symptoms of tiredness, stomach pain and skin darkening. It can help prevent serious complications such as liver disease, heart disease and diabetes. If you already have one of these conditions, phlebotomy may slow the progression of the disease. In some cases, it may even reverse it. […] Phlebotomy can’t reverse cirrhosis or joint pain, but it can slow the progression.

• #117 Hemochromatosis | Arthritis Foundation

  https://www.arthritis.org/diseases/hemochromatosis

  Hemochromatosis, or iron overload disease, is one of the most common inherited disorders. Hereditary hemochromatosis, sometimes called iron overload disease, causes the body to absorb too much iron from foods. […] Only about 10 percent of people who have the genes that cause hemochromatosis have an iron overload severe enough to cause organ damage. Without treatment, this buildup can lead to life-threatening organ damage. Symptoms of hereditary hemochromatosis often appear in midlife. Early symptoms may be nonspecific and often include joint pain, fatigue and weakness. Hemochromatosis symptoms often occur earlier in men than women, and men may experience more severe symptoms of the disease related to organ damage, such as diabetes, loss of sex drive or impotence or heart failure. […] Returning iron to normal levels relieves the fatigue and most symptoms of hemochromatosis; it also prevents complications from occurring, but it cant repair the damage already done.

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