Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Lobular Breast Carcinoma – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK554578/

  Invasive lobular carcinoma is the second most common histologic form of breast cancer, representing 5% to 15% of all invasive breast cancers. […] Molecular studies have been instrumental in highlighting the role of E-cadherin inactivation in the development of lobular lesions and in supporting the notion that lobular carcinoma in situ and atypical lobular hyperplasia are, nonobligate precursors for the development of invasive cancer, rather than being simply risk indicators for invasive disease. […] Germline CDH1 mutations and the role of genes of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway, PIK3CA in the development of lobular breast cancer, is considered important.

• #2 Lobular breast cancer: incidence and genetic and non-genetic risk factors | Breast Cancer Research | Full Text

  https://breast-cancer-research.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13058-015-0546-7

  While most invasive breast cancers consist of carcinomas of the ductal type, about 10% are invasive lobular carcinomas. […] Invasive lobular carcinoma is more strongly associated with exposure to female hormones, and therefore its incidence is more subject to variation. […] Similarly, invasive lobular carcinoma is more strongly associated with early menarche, late menopause and late age at first birth. […] Germline mutations in BRCA1 and TP53 are predominantly associated with invasive ductal carcinoma, while BRCA2 mutations are associated with both ductal and lobular cancers. […] CDH1, the gene coding for the E-cadherin adhesion protein, is of special interest as mutations are associated with invasive lobular carcinoma, but never with ductal carcinoma. […] The risk of invasive lobular carcinoma is high in female mutation carriers, as about 50% are expected to develop the disease.

• #3 Invasive Lobular Carcinoma: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21180-lobular-breast-cancer

  Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) happens when genetic mutations (changes) turn healthy cells into cancer cells. Experts aren’t sure what causes the mutations. Researchers believe the following factors increase your risk of having invasive lobular carcinoma: […] About 10% to 15% of breast cancers are invasive lobular breast cancer. This type of breast cancer usually grows in response to estrogen, the main female hormone. It grows slowly. You may have ILC for years before it’s seen on a mammogram or causes symptoms. Like all other breast cancers, ILC can spread through breast tissue or to other areas of your body. […] ILC affects an estimated 31,000 to 46,000 women in the U.S. each year. Early diagnosis and treatment may cure it. But ILC can spread to other areas of your body many years after your diagnosis and treatment.

• #4 Invasive lobular carcinoma – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/invasive-lobular-carcinoma/symptoms-causes/syc-20373973

  It’s not clear what causes invasive lobular carcinoma. […] This form of breast cancer begins when cells in one or more milk-producing glands of the breast develop changes in their DNA. […] In cancer cells, the DNA changes give different instructions. The changes tell the cancer cells to make many more cells quickly. […] Certain DNA changes that increase the risk of breast cancer can be passed from parents to children. […] Two DNA changes associated with an increased risk of invasive lobular carcinoma include BRCA2 and CDH1.

• #5 Invasive lobular carcinoma

  https://www.mymlc.com/health-information/diseases-and-conditions/i/invasive-lobular-carcinoma2/

  It’s not clear what causes invasive lobular carcinoma. […] Doctors know that invasive lobular carcinoma begins when cells in one or more milk-producing glands of the breast develop mutations in their DNA. The mutations lead to the inability to control cell growth, which results in the cells dividing and growing rapidly. Depending on the aggressiveness of the cancer type, the cancer cells can spread to other parts of the body. […] Lobular carcinoma cells tend to invade breast tissue by spreading out in a distinct way rather than forming a firm nodule. The affected area may have a different feel from the surrounding breast tissue, more like a thickening and fullness, but it’s unlikely to feel like a lump.

• #6 Invasive Lobular Carcinoma: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21180-lobular-breast-cancer

  Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) happens when genetic mutations (changes) turn healthy cells into cancer cells. Experts aren’t sure what causes the mutations. Researchers believe the following factors increase your risk of having invasive lobular carcinoma: […] About 10% to 15% of breast cancers are invasive lobular breast cancer. This type of breast cancer usually grows in response to estrogen, the main female hormone. It grows slowly. You may have ILC for years before it’s seen on a mammogram or causes symptoms. Like all other breast cancers, ILC can spread through breast tissue or to other areas of your body. […] ILC affects an estimated 31,000 to 46,000 women in the U.S. each year. Early diagnosis and treatment may cure it. But ILC can spread to other areas of your body many years after your diagnosis and treatment.

• #7 Invasive Lobular Carcinoma: Symptoms, Treatment, Research | BCRF

  https://www.bcrf.org/about-breast-cancer/invasive-lobular-carcinoma/

  Lobular breast cancer represents 10 to 15 percent of all invasive breast cancers. […] Lifetime exposure to estrogen is a risk factor for breast cancers that rely on estrogen for growth. Factors that increase exposure to estrogen and progesterone, therefore, can increase risk of lobular breast cancer. […] The unique tumor growth patterns of lobular breast cancer are caused by a genetic alteration in the CDH1 gene that codes for E-cadherin, a protein that is essential for cell-to-cell adhesion that promotes normal tissue structure. A loss of CDH1 is the most prevalent gene alteration that distinguishes invasive lobular carcinoma from invasive ductal carcinoma. […] Invasive lobular carcinoma has generally been treated like HR-positive invasive ductal carcinoma, but there are marked differences in how the two types of invasive carcinoma respond to hormone therapies. This may be due to the unique biology of lobular breast cancer. Recent studies profiling lobular tumors suggest that some common genetic mutations cause a poorer response to hormone therapies and drive resistance. […] Identify what causes metastasis to uncommon sites, such as the ovaries and peritoneum, compared to invasive ductal carcinoma. […] Investigate the drivers of lobular carcinoma development and growth.

• #8 Invasive Lobular Carcinoma | MD Anderson Cancer Center

  https://www.mdanderson.org/cancer-types/breast-cancer/invasive-lobular-carcinoma.html

  Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) is a rare type of breast cancer that grows in the lobes of the breast, where milk is produced. […] When cells in the TDLUs first mutate and become cancerous, a few lose the ability to produce a molecule called E-cadherin. This molecule helps healthy breast cells stay attached to their surroundings. […] The lack of E-cadherin is a defining feature of ILC. […] There are trends that can help identify people are at higher risk for invasive lobular carcinoma. […] Individuals with a family member who has also been diagnosed with the disease are at a higher risk of the same diagnosis, Mouabbi says. […] In addition, people with a family history of stomach cancer face a greater risk of lobular breast cancer. Its the same mutation fueling the cancers, Mouabbi says.

• #9 Pathology Outlines – Invasive lobular carcinoma classic

  https://www.pathologyoutlines.com/topic/breastmalignantlobularclassic.html

  Invasiveness and loss of cellular cohesion due to abnormalities of the adherens complex, formed by cadherins and catenins (Biochim Biophys Acta 2008;1778:660) […] Majority of lobular carcinomas show loss of E-cadherin expression (Am J Surg Pathol 2010;34:1472) […] Lobular carcinoma in situ is a risk factor and nonobligate precursor of invasive lobular carcinoma.

• #10 Lobular breast cancer: incidence and genetic and non-genetic risk factors – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25848941/

  As for genetic risk factors, four high-penetrance genes are tested in clinical practice when genetic susceptibility to breast cancer is suspected, BRCA1, BRCA2, TP53 and CDH1. Germline mutations in BRCA1 and TP53 are predominantly associated with invasive ductal carcinoma, while BRCA2 mutations are associated with both ductal and lobular cancers. CDH1, the gene coding for the E-cadherin adhesion protein, is of special interest as mutations are associated with invasive lobular carcinoma, but never with ductal carcinoma. It was initially known as the main susceptibility gene for gastric cancer of the diffuse type, but the excess of breast cancers of the lobular type in CDH1 families led researchers to identify it also as a susceptibility gene for invasive lobular carcinoma. The risk of invasive lobular carcinoma is high in female mutation carriers, as about 50% are expected to develop the disease. Carriers must therefore undergo intensive breast cancer screening, with, for example, yearly magnetic resonance imaging and mammogram starting at age 30 years.

• #11

  https://journals.lww.com/ajsp/fulltext/2022/11000/the_clonal_relationship_between_the_ductal_and.10.aspx

  The relationship between the ductal and lobular components of invasive ductolobular carcinomas (IDLC) has not been fully elucidated. […] In addition, 45% of IDLC carried CDH1 mutations in their lobular component that were absent in the ductal component. […] Altogether, our results confirm that most IDLC derive from invasive carcinoma of no special type, in which a population of cells lose E-cadherin and acquire a lobular phenotype. […] The frequency of CDH1 mutations in IDLC appears to be lower than in conventional invasive lobular carcinomas, suggesting the implication of alternative mechanisms of E-cadherin loss. […] Our results indicated that in most tumors, the lobular component arose from the ductal component after E-cadherin loss. […] This suggestion is supported by: (1) 80% of tumors in our series shared a common driver in both the ductal and lobular component; (2) CDH1 mutations or homozygous CDH1 loss were only present in the lobular component, suggesting mutation acquisition during progression in ductal tumors with E-cadherin LOH, as demonstrated by FISH.

• #12 Invasive Lobular Carcinoma | MD Anderson Cancer Center

  https://www.mdanderson.org/cancer-types/breast-cancer/invasive-lobular-carcinoma.html

  Most patients with ILC have a somatic (not-inherited) mutation to the CDH1 gene, which makes E-cadherin when healthy. […] Some ILC patients have familial (inherited) CDH1 mutations, which presents with other cancers such as diffused gastric cancer. […] Patients with suspected ILC will also be tested for the loss of E-cadherin. The absence of this molecule is a defining feature of the disease.

• #13 Invasive Lobular Carcinoma: Symptoms, Treatment, Research | BCRF

  https://www.bcrf.org/about-breast-cancer/invasive-lobular-carcinoma/

  Lobular breast cancer represents 10 to 15 percent of all invasive breast cancers. […] Lifetime exposure to estrogen is a risk factor for breast cancers that rely on estrogen for growth. Factors that increase exposure to estrogen and progesterone, therefore, can increase risk of lobular breast cancer. […] The unique tumor growth patterns of lobular breast cancer are caused by a genetic alteration in the CDH1 gene that codes for E-cadherin, a protein that is essential for cell-to-cell adhesion that promotes normal tissue structure. A loss of CDH1 is the most prevalent gene alteration that distinguishes invasive lobular carcinoma from invasive ductal carcinoma. […] Invasive lobular carcinoma has generally been treated like HR-positive invasive ductal carcinoma, but there are marked differences in how the two types of invasive carcinoma respond to hormone therapies. This may be due to the unique biology of lobular breast cancer. Recent studies profiling lobular tumors suggest that some common genetic mutations cause a poorer response to hormone therapies and drive resistance. […] Identify what causes metastasis to uncommon sites, such as the ovaries and peritoneum, compared to invasive ductal carcinoma. […] Investigate the drivers of lobular carcinoma development and growth.

• #14

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40487-019-00105-0

  Besides E-cadherin loss, ILC is enriched versus IDC for inactivating phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) alterations (14% vs. 3%), forkhead box protein A1 (FOXA1) mutations (7% vs. 2%) and runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) mutations (10% vs. 3%). […] The poor response to chemotherapy is also associated with its luminal A subtype (ER/PR positive, low mitotic index/Ki67). […] This implies an intrinsic resistance to tamoxifen in ILC and that patients with ILC should be preferentially offered adjuvant aromatase inhibition. […] The challenge for the field remains to improve our understanding of the functional implications of the unique molecular profile of ILC, beyond loss of E-cadherin.

• #15 Invasive lobular carcinoma – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/invasive-lobular-carcinoma/symptoms-causes/syc-20373973

  It’s not clear what causes invasive lobular carcinoma. […] This form of breast cancer begins when cells in one or more milk-producing glands of the breast develop changes in their DNA. […] In cancer cells, the DNA changes give different instructions. The changes tell the cancer cells to make many more cells quickly. […] Certain DNA changes that increase the risk of breast cancer can be passed from parents to children. […] Two DNA changes associated with an increased risk of invasive lobular carcinoma include BRCA2 and CDH1.

• #16 Invasive lobular carcinoma | UM Health-Sparrow

  https://www.uofmhealthsparrow.org/departments-conditions/conditions/invasive-lobular-carcinoma

  It’s not clear what causes invasive lobular carcinoma. […] This form of breast cancer begins when cells in one or more milk-producing glands of the breast develop changes in their DNA. […] Invasive lobular carcinoma cells tend to invade breast tissue by spreading out rather than forming a firm lump. […] Risk factors for invasive lobular carcinoma are thought to be similar to the risk factors for breast cancer in general. […] Certain DNA changes that increase the risk of breast cancer can be passed from parents to children. […] Two DNA changes associated with an increased risk of invasive lobular carcinoma include BRCA2 and CDH1. […] Taking certain hormone therapy medicines to control the symptoms of menopause may increase the risk of breast cancer. […] Your risk of breast cancer increases as you age. Invasive lobular carcinoma tends to happen at an older age compared to other types of breast cancer. […] If you received radiation treatments to your chest as a child or young adult, your risk of breast cancer is higher.

• #17 Lobular breast cancer: incidence and genetic and non-genetic risk factors | Breast Cancer Research | Full Text

  https://breast-cancer-research.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13058-015-0546-7

  While most invasive breast cancers consist of carcinomas of the ductal type, about 10% are invasive lobular carcinomas. […] Invasive lobular carcinoma is more strongly associated with exposure to female hormones, and therefore its incidence is more subject to variation. […] Similarly, invasive lobular carcinoma is more strongly associated with early menarche, late menopause and late age at first birth. […] Germline mutations in BRCA1 and TP53 are predominantly associated with invasive ductal carcinoma, while BRCA2 mutations are associated with both ductal and lobular cancers. […] CDH1, the gene coding for the E-cadherin adhesion protein, is of special interest as mutations are associated with invasive lobular carcinoma, but never with ductal carcinoma. […] The risk of invasive lobular carcinoma is high in female mutation carriers, as about 50% are expected to develop the disease.

• #18 Lobular breast cancer: incidence and genetic and non-genetic risk factors – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25848941/

  As for genetic risk factors, four high-penetrance genes are tested in clinical practice when genetic susceptibility to breast cancer is suspected, BRCA1, BRCA2, TP53 and CDH1. Germline mutations in BRCA1 and TP53 are predominantly associated with invasive ductal carcinoma, while BRCA2 mutations are associated with both ductal and lobular cancers. CDH1, the gene coding for the E-cadherin adhesion protein, is of special interest as mutations are associated with invasive lobular carcinoma, but never with ductal carcinoma. It was initially known as the main susceptibility gene for gastric cancer of the diffuse type, but the excess of breast cancers of the lobular type in CDH1 families led researchers to identify it also as a susceptibility gene for invasive lobular carcinoma. The risk of invasive lobular carcinoma is high in female mutation carriers, as about 50% are expected to develop the disease. Carriers must therefore undergo intensive breast cancer screening, with, for example, yearly magnetic resonance imaging and mammogram starting at age 30 years.

• #19 Lobular breast cancer: incidence and genetic and non-genetic risk factors – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25848941/

  As for genetic risk factors, four high-penetrance genes are tested in clinical practice when genetic susceptibility to breast cancer is suspected, BRCA1, BRCA2, TP53 and CDH1. Germline mutations in BRCA1 and TP53 are predominantly associated with invasive ductal carcinoma, while BRCA2 mutations are associated with both ductal and lobular cancers. CDH1, the gene coding for the E-cadherin adhesion protein, is of special interest as mutations are associated with invasive lobular carcinoma, but never with ductal carcinoma. It was initially known as the main susceptibility gene for gastric cancer of the diffuse type, but the excess of breast cancers of the lobular type in CDH1 families led researchers to identify it also as a susceptibility gene for invasive lobular carcinoma. The risk of invasive lobular carcinoma is high in female mutation carriers, as about 50% are expected to develop the disease. Carriers must therefore undergo intensive breast cancer screening, with, for example, yearly magnetic resonance imaging and mammogram starting at age 30 years.

• #20 Lobular breast cancer: incidence and genetic and non-genetic risk factors | Breast Cancer Research | Full Text

  https://breast-cancer-research.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13058-015-0546-7

  While most invasive breast cancers consist of carcinomas of the ductal type, about 10% are invasive lobular carcinomas. […] Invasive lobular carcinoma is more strongly associated with exposure to female hormones, and therefore its incidence is more subject to variation. […] Similarly, invasive lobular carcinoma is more strongly associated with early menarche, late menopause and late age at first birth. […] Germline mutations in BRCA1 and TP53 are predominantly associated with invasive ductal carcinoma, while BRCA2 mutations are associated with both ductal and lobular cancers. […] CDH1, the gene coding for the E-cadherin adhesion protein, is of special interest as mutations are associated with invasive lobular carcinoma, but never with ductal carcinoma. […] The risk of invasive lobular carcinoma is high in female mutation carriers, as about 50% are expected to develop the disease.

• #21 Lobular breast cancer: incidence and genetic and non-genetic risk factors | Breast Cancer Research | Full Text

  https://breast-cancer-research.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13058-015-0546-7

  Late age at first birth is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. […] Among the 19 studies that explored the association between breast cancer type and age at first birth, 14 observed higher risk estimates for ILC than for IDC. […] RRs were higher for ILC than for IDC. […] ILCs are therefore very much underrepresented in carriers of BRCA1 and TP53 mutations, while their frequency in BRCA2 mutation carriers is more similar to that in the general population. […] The CDH1 susceptibility gene likely explains at least some of this excess in familial risk, the remainder being accounted for by genes and loci that are yet to be discovered. […] The high risk of ILC in females carrying a CDH1 mutation justifies personalized, intensive surveillance.

• #22 Invasive Lobular Breast Cancer (ILC) | Cedars-Sinai

  https://www.cedars-sinai.org/health-library/diseases-and-conditions/i/invasive-lobular-breast-cancer-ilc.html

  Invasive lobular breast cancer (ILC), also known as infiltrating lobular carcinoma, is the second most common form of invasive breast cancer. It makes up 10 to 15 percent of breast cancer cases. […] The cause of ILC is unknown. Patients with an inherited disorder known as hereditary diffuse gastric cancer syndrome are at an increased risk of developing certain cancers, including ILC. […] Other risk factors include: Age risk increases with age, Gender women have a higher risk than men, Diagnosis of lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS), Using combination estrogen-progestin hormone replacement therapy after menopause.

• #23 Invasive Lobular Carcinoma: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis & Risk

  https://www.webmd.com/breast-cancer/lobular-carcinoma-invasive-and-in-situ

  Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) is a type of breast cancer. […] Experts aren’t sure exactly what causes breast cancer. It happens when cells change and start to grow out of control. […] Things that can make ILC more likely include: Age. Your risk goes up with age. Gender. Women and people assigned female at birth are more likely to get it. Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS). Use of combination estrogen-progestin hormone replacement therapy after menopause. Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer syndrome, a disorder passed down from your parents.

• #24 Invasive Lobular Carcinoma (ILC): Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://www.ganeshdiagnostic.com/blog/invasive-lobular-carcinoma-ilc-causes-symptoms-and-treatment

  The exact causes of invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) are not clear. […] One of the main risk factors for ILC is being a woman, as breast cancer is much more common in women than in men. […] In ILC, genetic variables also play a part. Women who have BRCA1 or BRCA2 gene mutations are at an increased risk of getting breast cancer, especially ILC. Other genetic mutations that have been linked to an increased risk of ILC include mutations in the CDH1 gene, which is associated with a higher risk of hereditary diffuse gastric cancer syndrome. […] ILC development may also be influenced by environmental and lifestyle variables. Exposure to certain chemicals, such as endocrine-disrupting compounds may increase the risk of breast cancer. Other factors, such as the early onset of menstruation, the late onset of menopause, and the use of hormonal contraceptives or hormone replacement therapy, have also been associated with an increased risk of breast cancer, including ILC. […] Other risk factors for ILC include a personal history of breast cancer or certain benign breast conditions, LCIS, as well as a family history of breast or ovarian cancer, are examples of such conditions.

• #25 Lobular breast cancer: incidence and genetic and non-genetic risk factors | Breast Cancer Research | Full Text

  https://breast-cancer-research.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13058-015-0546-7

  While most invasive breast cancers consist of carcinomas of the ductal type, about 10% are invasive lobular carcinomas. […] Invasive lobular carcinoma is more strongly associated with exposure to female hormones, and therefore its incidence is more subject to variation. […] Similarly, invasive lobular carcinoma is more strongly associated with early menarche, late menopause and late age at first birth. […] Germline mutations in BRCA1 and TP53 are predominantly associated with invasive ductal carcinoma, while BRCA2 mutations are associated with both ductal and lobular cancers. […] CDH1, the gene coding for the E-cadherin adhesion protein, is of special interest as mutations are associated with invasive lobular carcinoma, but never with ductal carcinoma. […] The risk of invasive lobular carcinoma is high in female mutation carriers, as about 50% are expected to develop the disease.

• #26 Lobular breast cancer: incidence and genetic and non-genetic risk factors – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25848941/

  While most invasive breast cancers consist of carcinomas of the ductal type, about 10% are invasive lobular carcinomas. Invasive lobular and ductal carcinomas differ with respect to risk factors. Invasive lobular carcinoma is more strongly associated with exposure to female hormones, and therefore its incidence is more subject to variation. This is illustrated by US figures during the 1987 to 2004 period: after 12 years of increases, breast cancer incidence declined steadily from 1999 to 2004, reflecting among other causes the decreasing use of menopausal hormone therapy, and these variations were stronger for invasive lobular than for invasive ductal carcinoma. Similarly, invasive lobular carcinoma is more strongly associated with early menarche, late menopause and late age at first birth.

• #27 Invasive Lobular Carcinoma | MD Anderson Cancer Center

  https://www.mdanderson.org/cancer-types/breast-cancer/invasive-lobular-carcinoma.html

  Lastly, the precancerous lesion known as lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) can increase a persons chances of a lobular breast cancer diagnosis. […] Many patients with invasive lobular carcinoma receive the standard-of-care chemotherapy, but the comprehensive review showed there isnt much clinical benefit. […] Most ILCs are positive for the estrogen and progesterone receptors and negative for the HER2 receptor. They are called hormone-receptor positive breast cancers. […] Because of this, lobular breast cancer can be treated with endocrine therapy. […] We found that lobular breast cancers are universally driven by the CDH1 mutation, Mouabbi says. […] Its exciting because weve identified targets that may lead to more effective treatment, Mouabbi says. […] A risk factor is anything that increases a persons chance of developing a particular disease. The risk factors for ILC include:

• #28 Invasive lobular carcinoma // Middlesex Health

  https://middlesexhealth.org/learning-center/diseases-and-conditions/invasive-lobular-carcinoma

  It’s not clear what causes invasive lobular carcinoma. […] This form of breast cancer begins when cells in one or more milk-producing glands of the breast develop changes in their DNA. […] Invasive lobular carcinoma cells tend to invade breast tissue by spreading out rather than forming a firm lump. […] Risk factors for invasive lobular carcinoma are thought to be similar to the risk factors for breast cancer in general. […] Certain DNA changes that increase the risk of breast cancer can be passed from parents to children. Two DNA changes associated with an increased risk of invasive lobular carcinoma include BRCA2 and CDH1. […] Most invasive lobular carcinomas are sensitive to hormones. […] Most invasive lobular carcinomas don’t make extra HER2.

• #29 Chemotherapy Benefits in Invasive Lobular Carcinoma

  https://www.rockymountaincancercenters.com/referring-providers-blog/chemotherapy-benefits-in-invasive-lobular-carcinoma

  ILC is associated with risk factors related to the use of prolonged and increased exposure to hormone replacement therapy, particularly progesterone, said Dr. Praveena Solipuram, MD, medical oncologist and hematologist at RMCC. […] In addition, other hormone-related risk factors, such as low parity, late menopause, late age at first birth, and earlier menarche are associated with a higher incidence of ILC. […] Additional risk factors that make some people more prone to developing ILC include: Older age. Your risk of breast cancer increases as you age. Women with invasive lobular carcinoma tend to be a few years older than women diagnosed with other types of breast cancer. […] Postmenopausal hormone use. The use of estrogen and progesterone during and after menopause increases the risk of ILC.

• #30 Lobular breast cancer: incidence and genetic and non-genetic risk factors | Breast Cancer Research | Full Text

  https://breast-cancer-research.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13058-015-0546-7

  ILC is more strongly associated with exposure to female hormones than IDC and that, as a result, its incidence in the past 25 to 30 years has varied more than that of IDC, depending on environmental and lifestyle factors such as menopausal hormone therapy (MHT). […] ILC being more often hormone receptor-positive than IDC, one would expect hormone-related risk factors to be more strongly associated with lobular than ductal carcinoma. […] MHT in the form of combined estrogen plus progestin treatment (combined hormone therapy or CHT) most likely increases the risk of breast cancer, whereas the effects of estrogen-only treatments (estrogen hormone therapy or EHT) are less clear. […] A vast majority of these studies showed that MHT was more strongly associated with ILC than IDC. […] A recent meta-analysis of individual participant data from 85 studies showed a significantly stronger association with age at menarche for ILC than for IDC.

• #31 Lobular breast cancer: incidence and genetic and non-genetic risk factors | Breast Cancer Research | Full Text

  https://breast-cancer-research.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s13058-015-0546-7

  Late age at first birth is associated with an increased risk of breast cancer. […] Among the 19 studies that explored the association between breast cancer type and age at first birth, 14 observed higher risk estimates for ILC than for IDC. […] RRs were higher for ILC than for IDC. […] ILCs are therefore very much underrepresented in carriers of BRCA1 and TP53 mutations, while their frequency in BRCA2 mutation carriers is more similar to that in the general population. […] The CDH1 susceptibility gene likely explains at least some of this excess in familial risk, the remainder being accounted for by genes and loci that are yet to be discovered. […] The high risk of ILC in females carrying a CDH1 mutation justifies personalized, intensive surveillance.

• #32 Invasive Lobular Carcinoma: Diagnosis, Treatment, & Prognosis

  https://www.nationalbreastcancer.org/invasive-lobular-carcinoma/

  Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) is invasive breast cancer that begins in the lobules (milk glands) of the breast and spreads into the surrounding breast tissue. ILC can also spread to other parts of the body through the blood and lymphatic systems. “Invasive” refers to the way the cancerous cells spread to, or invade, surrounding breast tissue or other parts of the body. […] Like other types of breast cancer, the cause of invasive lobular carcinoma is not clear. While the underlying cause of ILC remains unknown, there are known risk factors for ILC. Risk factors for ILC can be both genetic and lifestyle & environmental. […] Genetic risk factors for invasive lobular carcinoma may include: Gender: Though men can develop breast cancer, it is nearly 100 times more common in women than in men. Age: The majority of women diagnosed with ILC are 55 years old or older, though it can happen at any age. Family and personal medical history: Women with a first-degree relative with breast or ovarian cancer have a higher risk of developing breast cancer. A past personal history of breast cancer also increases a woman’s risk of cancer recurring or coming back. Menstrual and reproductive history: Beginning your period early (before age 12), late menopause after age 55, having your first child after the age of 30, or never having children at all can increase the risk of developing ILC. […] Lifestyle & environmental risk factors for invasive lobular carcinoma may include: Lack of physical activity, Poor diet, Being overweight or obese, Drinking alcohol or smoking, Long-term use of certain hormonal replacement therapy (HRT).

• #33 Invasive Lobular Cancer (ILC) Melbourne, VIC | Radiotherapy Melbourne, VIC

  https://www.melbournebreastcancersurgery.com.au/breast-cancer/invasive-lobular-cancer-ilc.html

  Although invasive lobular cancer is not as common as its ductal counterpart, it warrants specific attention, and a whole section of its own, because of the distinct biological characteristics that affect symptoms, diagnosis, and therapeutic strategies. […] The unique growth patterns of lobular breast cancer are caused by a genetic alteration in the CDH1 gene that codes for E-cadherin, a protein that is essential for cell-to-cell adhesion that promotes normal tissue structure. […] Lifetime exposure to oestrogen is a risk factor for breast cancers that rely on oestrogen for growth. Factors that increase exposure to oestrogen and progesterone, therefore, can increase risk of lobular breast cancer. […] Hereditary breast cancer is rare in patients with ILC (5%), but may be seen in families with hereditary diffuse gastric cancer syndrome, caused by a germline mutation in the tumour suppressor gene, CDH1.

• #34 Lobular breast cancer comes into the research spotlight | Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center

  https://www.fredhutch.org/en/news/center-news/2018/02/lobular-breast-cancer-comes-into-the-research-spotlight.html

  Invasive (or infiltrating) lobular carcinoma, ILC for short, accounts for 10 to 15 percent of invasive breast cancers; invasive ductal carcinoma or IDC accounts for most of the rest. […] A landmark Womens Health Initiative study filled in the rest of the puzzle two years later: the rise in lobular breast cancer was directly linked to the use of combined hormone therapy, or CHT, by postmenopausal women. […] Its not that breast cancer, in general, is increased by hormone replacement therapy. Lobular breast cancer is increased by taking combined estrogen and progestin hormone replacement therapy. Something in that combination is creating a situation where lobular cancer is more likely to develop. […] We have some understanding of its unique biology but incomplete knowledge of why it is more likely to recur to bones and ovaries than other forms of breast cancer. […] Lobulars metastatic spread is also unconventional. While ductal spreads to the liver, lungs, bones, and brain, lobular tends to go to the bones and ovaries or enmesh itself in the gastrointestinal tract, the abdominal lining, or the tissue around the kidneys and ureters.

• #35 Lobular breast cancer: incidence and genetic and non-genetic risk factors – PubMed

  https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25848941/

  While most invasive breast cancers consist of carcinomas of the ductal type, about 10% are invasive lobular carcinomas. Invasive lobular and ductal carcinomas differ with respect to risk factors. Invasive lobular carcinoma is more strongly associated with exposure to female hormones, and therefore its incidence is more subject to variation. This is illustrated by US figures during the 1987 to 2004 period: after 12 years of increases, breast cancer incidence declined steadily from 1999 to 2004, reflecting among other causes the decreasing use of menopausal hormone therapy, and these variations were stronger for invasive lobular than for invasive ductal carcinoma. Similarly, invasive lobular carcinoma is more strongly associated with early menarche, late menopause and late age at first birth.

• #36 Lobular breast cancer comes into the research spotlight | Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center

  https://www.fredhutch.org/en/news/center-news/2018/02/lobular-breast-cancer-comes-into-the-research-spotlight.html

  Invasive (or infiltrating) lobular carcinoma, ILC for short, accounts for 10 to 15 percent of invasive breast cancers; invasive ductal carcinoma or IDC accounts for most of the rest. […] A landmark Womens Health Initiative study filled in the rest of the puzzle two years later: the rise in lobular breast cancer was directly linked to the use of combined hormone therapy, or CHT, by postmenopausal women. […] Its not that breast cancer, in general, is increased by hormone replacement therapy. Lobular breast cancer is increased by taking combined estrogen and progestin hormone replacement therapy. Something in that combination is creating a situation where lobular cancer is more likely to develop. […] We have some understanding of its unique biology but incomplete knowledge of why it is more likely to recur to bones and ovaries than other forms of breast cancer. […] Lobulars metastatic spread is also unconventional. While ductal spreads to the liver, lungs, bones, and brain, lobular tends to go to the bones and ovaries or enmesh itself in the gastrointestinal tract, the abdominal lining, or the tissue around the kidneys and ureters.

• #37 Invasive Lobular Carcinoma: Diagnosis, Treatment, & Prognosis

  https://www.nationalbreastcancer.org/invasive-lobular-carcinoma/

  Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) is invasive breast cancer that begins in the lobules (milk glands) of the breast and spreads into the surrounding breast tissue. ILC can also spread to other parts of the body through the blood and lymphatic systems. “Invasive” refers to the way the cancerous cells spread to, or invade, surrounding breast tissue or other parts of the body. […] Like other types of breast cancer, the cause of invasive lobular carcinoma is not clear. While the underlying cause of ILC remains unknown, there are known risk factors for ILC. Risk factors for ILC can be both genetic and lifestyle & environmental. […] Genetic risk factors for invasive lobular carcinoma may include: Gender: Though men can develop breast cancer, it is nearly 100 times more common in women than in men. Age: The majority of women diagnosed with ILC are 55 years old or older, though it can happen at any age. Family and personal medical history: Women with a first-degree relative with breast or ovarian cancer have a higher risk of developing breast cancer. A past personal history of breast cancer also increases a woman’s risk of cancer recurring or coming back. Menstrual and reproductive history: Beginning your period early (before age 12), late menopause after age 55, having your first child after the age of 30, or never having children at all can increase the risk of developing ILC. […] Lifestyle & environmental risk factors for invasive lobular carcinoma may include: Lack of physical activity, Poor diet, Being overweight or obese, Drinking alcohol or smoking, Long-term use of certain hormonal replacement therapy (HRT).

• #38 Breast cancer: Symptoms, causes, stages, types, and more

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/37136

  Having some types of noncancerous breast conditions, including atypical ductal hyperplasia or lobular carcinoma in situ, also increases the risk of developing breast cancer. […] Extended exposure to estrogen and progesterone may increase the risk of breast cancer. […] Some research associates hormone replacement therapy (HRT), specifically estrogen-progesterone therapy, with an increased risk of breast cancer. […] The National Cancer Institute (NCI) also highlights studies suggesting that oral contraceptives may slightly increase the risk of breast cancer. […] Obesity after menopause may contribute to a greater likelihood of developing breast cancer, possibly due to increased estrogen levels. […] According to the NCI, studies consistently find that females who consume alcohol have a higher risk of breast cancer than those who do not.

• #39 Invasive Lobular Carcinoma: Diagnosis, Treatment, & Prognosis

  https://www.nationalbreastcancer.org/invasive-lobular-carcinoma/

  Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) is invasive breast cancer that begins in the lobules (milk glands) of the breast and spreads into the surrounding breast tissue. ILC can also spread to other parts of the body through the blood and lymphatic systems. “Invasive” refers to the way the cancerous cells spread to, or invade, surrounding breast tissue or other parts of the body. […] Like other types of breast cancer, the cause of invasive lobular carcinoma is not clear. While the underlying cause of ILC remains unknown, there are known risk factors for ILC. Risk factors for ILC can be both genetic and lifestyle & environmental. […] Genetic risk factors for invasive lobular carcinoma may include: Gender: Though men can develop breast cancer, it is nearly 100 times more common in women than in men. Age: The majority of women diagnosed with ILC are 55 years old or older, though it can happen at any age. Family and personal medical history: Women with a first-degree relative with breast or ovarian cancer have a higher risk of developing breast cancer. A past personal history of breast cancer also increases a woman’s risk of cancer recurring or coming back. Menstrual and reproductive history: Beginning your period early (before age 12), late menopause after age 55, having your first child after the age of 30, or never having children at all can increase the risk of developing ILC. […] Lifestyle & environmental risk factors for invasive lobular carcinoma may include: Lack of physical activity, Poor diet, Being overweight or obese, Drinking alcohol or smoking, Long-term use of certain hormonal replacement therapy (HRT).

• #40 Invasive lobular carcinoma | UM Health-Sparrow

  https://www.uofmhealthsparrow.org/departments-conditions/conditions/invasive-lobular-carcinoma

  It’s not clear what causes invasive lobular carcinoma. […] This form of breast cancer begins when cells in one or more milk-producing glands of the breast develop changes in their DNA. […] Invasive lobular carcinoma cells tend to invade breast tissue by spreading out rather than forming a firm lump. […] Risk factors for invasive lobular carcinoma are thought to be similar to the risk factors for breast cancer in general. […] Certain DNA changes that increase the risk of breast cancer can be passed from parents to children. […] Two DNA changes associated with an increased risk of invasive lobular carcinoma include BRCA2 and CDH1. […] Taking certain hormone therapy medicines to control the symptoms of menopause may increase the risk of breast cancer. […] Your risk of breast cancer increases as you age. Invasive lobular carcinoma tends to happen at an older age compared to other types of breast cancer. […] If you received radiation treatments to your chest as a child or young adult, your risk of breast cancer is higher.

• #41 Breast Cancer: Symptoms & Causes | NewYork-Presbyterian

  https://www.nyp.org/cancer/breast-cancer/symptoms

  Some people are born with genes that make them predisposed to developing breast cancer, despite not having a known family history of breast cancer. […] Research has concluded that drinking alcohol does increase your risk for developing several types of breast cancer. […] There is a correlation between being overweight/obese and an increased risk of breast cancer and reoccurring breast cancer. […] If you have received radiation therapy, particularly to your chest, neck, or head, you have an increased risk of developing breast cancer. […] People who use hormone replacement therapy (HRT) have an increased risk of developing breast cancer.

• #42 Lobular Breast Carcinoma – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK554578/

  Invasive lobular carcinoma is the second most common histologic form of breast cancer, representing 5% to 15% of all invasive breast cancers. […] Molecular studies have been instrumental in highlighting the role of E-cadherin inactivation in the development of lobular lesions and in supporting the notion that lobular carcinoma in situ and atypical lobular hyperplasia are, nonobligate precursors for the development of invasive cancer, rather than being simply risk indicators for invasive disease. […] Germline CDH1 mutations and the role of genes of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway, PIK3CA in the development of lobular breast cancer, is considered important.

• #43 Invasive Lobular Cancer (ILC) Melbourne, VIC | Radiotherapy Melbourne, VIC

  https://www.melbournebreastcancersurgery.com.au/breast-cancer/invasive-lobular-cancer-ilc.html

  Associated lobular neoplasia (LN), which refers to the noninvasive proliferative lesions inclusive of atypical lobular hyperplasia (ALH) and lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS), is observed in more than 50% of classical ILCs. […] The increased risk ranges from 1% to 2% per year, and is conferred equally to both breasts. […] Historically, ILC has been associated with higher rates of contralateral breast cancer (CBC) than IDC, with reported risk ranging from 1.8 to 4.3 times higher.

• #44 Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ/symptoms-causes/syc-20374529

  It’s not clear what causes LCIS. LCIS begins when cells in a milk-producing gland (lobule) of a breast develop genetic mutations that cause the cells to appear abnormal. The abnormal cells remain in the lobule and don’t extend into, or invade, nearby breast tissue. […] But having LCIS increases your risk of breast cancer and makes it more likely that you may develop invasive breast cancer. […] The risk of breast cancer in women diagnosed with LCIS is thought to be approximately 20 percent. Put another way, for every 100 women diagnosed with LCIS, 20 will be diagnosed with breast cancer and 80 won’t be diagnosed with breast cancer. The risk of developing breast cancer for women in general is thought to be 12 percent. Put another way, for every 100 women in the general population, 12 will be diagnosed with breast cancer. […] Your individual risk of breast cancer is based on many factors. Talk to your doctor to better understand your personal risk of breast cancer.

• #45 Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) – Symptoms & causes – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/lobular-carcinoma-in-situ/symptoms-causes/syc-20374529

  It’s not clear what causes LCIS. LCIS begins when cells in a milk-producing gland (lobule) of a breast develop genetic mutations that cause the cells to appear abnormal. The abnormal cells remain in the lobule and don’t extend into, or invade, nearby breast tissue. […] But having LCIS increases your risk of breast cancer and makes it more likely that you may develop invasive breast cancer. […] The risk of breast cancer in women diagnosed with LCIS is thought to be approximately 20 percent. Put another way, for every 100 women diagnosed with LCIS, 20 will be diagnosed with breast cancer and 80 won’t be diagnosed with breast cancer. The risk of developing breast cancer for women in general is thought to be 12 percent. Put another way, for every 100 women in the general population, 12 will be diagnosed with breast cancer. […] Your individual risk of breast cancer is based on many factors. Talk to your doctor to better understand your personal risk of breast cancer.

• #46 Chemotherapy Benefits in Invasive Lobular Carcinoma

  https://www.rockymountaincancercenters.com/referring-providers-blog/chemotherapy-benefits-in-invasive-lobular-carcinoma

  Previous diagnosis of lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS). LCIS increases the risk of developing invasive cancer in either breast. […] Family history of breast or ovarian cancer. Women with a first-degree relative (mother, sister, or daughter) have an increased risk of invasive lobular carcinoma. […] Inherited genetic cancer syndromes. Women with a rare inherited condition called hereditary diffuse gastric cancer syndrome have an increased risk of both stomach (gastric) cancer and invasive lobular carcinoma. […] Due to the biological characteristics of ILC, it is considered less responsive to chemotherapy than other types of breast cancer, resulting in lower rates of complete pathological response. […] Despite the report of chemotherapy having less responsiveness in ILC, a subset of ILC patients at high risk of recurring and progressing disease may benefit from the use of chemotherapy. […] This new data suggests that although most patients with ILC are not chemosensitive, there is a subset of high-risk ILC patients that benefit from chemotherapy to increase their survival rate.

• #47 Lobular Breast Carcinoma – StatPearls – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK554578/

  Invasive lobular carcinoma is the second most common histologic form of breast cancer, representing 5% to 15% of all invasive breast cancers. […] Molecular studies have been instrumental in highlighting the role of E-cadherin inactivation in the development of lobular lesions and in supporting the notion that lobular carcinoma in situ and atypical lobular hyperplasia are, nonobligate precursors for the development of invasive cancer, rather than being simply risk indicators for invasive disease. […] Germline CDH1 mutations and the role of genes of the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathway, PIK3CA in the development of lobular breast cancer, is considered important.

• #48 Invasive Lobular Carcinoma: Causes, Symptoms, Diagnosis & Risk

  https://www.webmd.com/breast-cancer/lobular-carcinoma-invasive-and-in-situ

  Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) is a type of breast cancer. […] Experts aren’t sure exactly what causes breast cancer. It happens when cells change and start to grow out of control. […] Things that can make ILC more likely include: Age. Your risk goes up with age. Gender. Women and people assigned female at birth are more likely to get it. Lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS). Use of combination estrogen-progestin hormone replacement therapy after menopause. Hereditary diffuse gastric cancer syndrome, a disorder passed down from your parents.

• #49 Invasive Lobular Carcinoma: What you need to know

  https://www.medicoexperts.com/invasive-lobular-carcinoma/

  Invasive lobular carcinoma typically occurs later in life, with many individuals receiving their diagnosis in their early 60s. […] The majority of individuals diagnosed with invasive lobular carcinoma are aged 55 and above. […] Women and individuals assigned female at birth (AFAB) are at a higher risk of developing ILC. […] Postmenopausal women and individuals AFAB using hormone therapy may have an increased risk. […] Certain inherited genes, including those associated with hereditary diffuse gastric cancer syndrome, can elevate the risk of both invasive lobular carcinoma and stomach cancer.

• #50 Invasive Lobular Carcinoma: Diagnosis, Treatment, & Prognosis

  https://www.nationalbreastcancer.org/invasive-lobular-carcinoma/

  Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) is invasive breast cancer that begins in the lobules (milk glands) of the breast and spreads into the surrounding breast tissue. ILC can also spread to other parts of the body through the blood and lymphatic systems. “Invasive” refers to the way the cancerous cells spread to, or invade, surrounding breast tissue or other parts of the body. […] Like other types of breast cancer, the cause of invasive lobular carcinoma is not clear. While the underlying cause of ILC remains unknown, there are known risk factors for ILC. Risk factors for ILC can be both genetic and lifestyle & environmental. […] Genetic risk factors for invasive lobular carcinoma may include: Gender: Though men can develop breast cancer, it is nearly 100 times more common in women than in men. Age: The majority of women diagnosed with ILC are 55 years old or older, though it can happen at any age. Family and personal medical history: Women with a first-degree relative with breast or ovarian cancer have a higher risk of developing breast cancer. A past personal history of breast cancer also increases a woman’s risk of cancer recurring or coming back. Menstrual and reproductive history: Beginning your period early (before age 12), late menopause after age 55, having your first child after the age of 30, or never having children at all can increase the risk of developing ILC. […] Lifestyle & environmental risk factors for invasive lobular carcinoma may include: Lack of physical activity, Poor diet, Being overweight or obese, Drinking alcohol or smoking, Long-term use of certain hormonal replacement therapy (HRT).

• #51 Invasive Lobular Breast Cancer (ILC) | Cedars-Sinai

  https://www.cedars-sinai.org/health-library/diseases-and-conditions/i/invasive-lobular-breast-cancer-ilc.html

  Invasive lobular breast cancer (ILC), also known as infiltrating lobular carcinoma, is the second most common form of invasive breast cancer. It makes up 10 to 15 percent of breast cancer cases. […] The cause of ILC is unknown. Patients with an inherited disorder known as hereditary diffuse gastric cancer syndrome are at an increased risk of developing certain cancers, including ILC. […] Other risk factors include: Age risk increases with age, Gender women have a higher risk than men, Diagnosis of lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS), Using combination estrogen-progestin hormone replacement therapy after menopause.

• #52 Invasive lobular carcinoma of the breast | Radiology Reference Article | Radiopaedia.org

  https://radiopaedia.org/articles/invasive-lobular-carcinoma-of-the-breast?lang=us

  Invasive lobular carcinoma is the most common special type of invasive breast cancer after invasive breast carcinoma of no special type (invasive ductal carcinoma not otherwise specified). […] There is a greater rate of contralateral breast cancer in invasive lobular carcinoma compared with invasive carcinoma of no special type, with a 5-year rate of bilateral cancer of 8% (4% synchronous and 4% metachronous tumors). […] Loss of E-cadherin is a specific biomarker for invasive lobular carcinoma as opposed to invasive breast carcinoma of no special type, although 15% of invasive lobular carcinoma are positive for E-cadherin. […] Invasive lobular carcinoma shows mild 18F-FDG PET uptake and thus is not very helpful in primary evaluation and assessing treatment response.

• #53 Invasive Breast Cancer (IDC/ILC) | American Cancer Society

  https://www.cancer.org/cancer/types/breast-cancer/about/types-of-breast-cancer/invasive-breast-cancer.html

  About 1 in 10 invasive breast cancers is an invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC). […] ILC starts in the breast glands that make milk (lobules). Like IDC, it can spread (metastasize) to other parts of the body. Invasive lobular carcinoma may be harder to detect on physical exam and imaging, like mammograms, than invasive ductal carcinoma. […] Compared to other kinds of invasive carcinoma, it is more likely to affect both breasts. About 1 in 5 women with ILC might have cancer in both breasts at the time they are diagnosed.

• #54 Invasive Lobular Carcinoma: Symptoms, Treatment, Research | BCRF

  https://www.bcrf.org/about-breast-cancer/invasive-lobular-carcinoma/

  Lobular breast cancer represents 10 to 15 percent of all invasive breast cancers. […] Lifetime exposure to estrogen is a risk factor for breast cancers that rely on estrogen for growth. Factors that increase exposure to estrogen and progesterone, therefore, can increase risk of lobular breast cancer. […] The unique tumor growth patterns of lobular breast cancer are caused by a genetic alteration in the CDH1 gene that codes for E-cadherin, a protein that is essential for cell-to-cell adhesion that promotes normal tissue structure. A loss of CDH1 is the most prevalent gene alteration that distinguishes invasive lobular carcinoma from invasive ductal carcinoma. […] Invasive lobular carcinoma has generally been treated like HR-positive invasive ductal carcinoma, but there are marked differences in how the two types of invasive carcinoma respond to hormone therapies. This may be due to the unique biology of lobular breast cancer. Recent studies profiling lobular tumors suggest that some common genetic mutations cause a poorer response to hormone therapies and drive resistance. […] Identify what causes metastasis to uncommon sites, such as the ovaries and peritoneum, compared to invasive ductal carcinoma. […] Investigate the drivers of lobular carcinoma development and growth.

• #55 Genomic analysis paves way for personalized treatment of invasive lobular carcinoma – UNC Lineberger

  https://unclineberger.org/news-archives/lobular-carcinoma/

  UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center researchers helped lead an effort by The Cancer Genome Atlas Network of researchers to map the genetic drivers of invasive lobular carcinoma, the second most commonly diagnosed invasive form of breast cancer. […] They found that this cancer type may be at least three different diseases that differ in their microenvironmental features and outcomes. […] Lobular cancers are not a single homogeneous group, but may represent at least three different diseases that appear to differ in their microenvironmental features, and which also show differences in outcomes. […] We treat them similarly to their more common ductal counterparts, but in part because that is because we have a poor understanding of the biology underlying lobular carcinomas, Carey said.

• #56 Nomograms to predict the long-term prognosis for non-metastatic invasive lobular breast carcinoma: a population-based study | Scientific Reports

  https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-68931-5

  Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) is one potential subset that clinicopathologic features can conflict with long-term outcome and the optimal management strategy is unknown in such discordant situations. […] Loss of E-cadherin, a key feature of this tumor type is due to CDH1 mutation, which occurs simultaneously with heterozygous deletion in chromosome 16q in majority of the cases. […] Despite being a unique subtype of breast cancer, decisions of the clinical treatment strategies and assessment clinical risks for ILC are derived from randomized clinical trials overshadowed by NST, which may explain why the St Gallen International Expert Consensus guidelines and the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) still recommend that ILC be treated with the same treatment paradigms as NST. […] The underlying causes of its high hormone sensitivity and chemoresistance are challenges to explore.

• #57

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40487-019-00105-0

  Invasive lobular carcinoma comprises 10-15% of all breast cancers and is increasingly recognised as a distinct and understudied disease compared with the predominant histological subtype, invasive ductal carcinoma. […] Increased incidence of ILC is associated with the use of hormone replacement therapy in postmenopausal patients. […] This highlights the need for further research into the biological basis of observed differences between ILC and IDC, coupled with prospective clinical trials aimed at improving outcomes for patients with ILC. […] Mechanisms of E-cadherin loss in ILC include mutation or methylation of the CDH1 gene (located at chromosome 16q22.1) and loss of heterozygosity in the chromosome region 16q. […] Loss of functional E-cadherin may be associated with epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT), although this remains controversial.

• #58 Nomograms to predict the long-term prognosis for non-metastatic invasive lobular breast carcinoma: a population-based study | Scientific Reports

  https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-024-68931-5

  Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) is one potential subset that clinicopathologic features can conflict with long-term outcome and the optimal management strategy is unknown in such discordant situations. […] Loss of E-cadherin, a key feature of this tumor type is due to CDH1 mutation, which occurs simultaneously with heterozygous deletion in chromosome 16q in majority of the cases. […] Despite being a unique subtype of breast cancer, decisions of the clinical treatment strategies and assessment clinical risks for ILC are derived from randomized clinical trials overshadowed by NST, which may explain why the St Gallen International Expert Consensus guidelines and the National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) still recommend that ILC be treated with the same treatment paradigms as NST. […] The underlying causes of its high hormone sensitivity and chemoresistance are challenges to explore.

• #59 Invasive Lobular Carcinoma | MD Anderson Cancer Center

  https://www.mdanderson.org/cancer-types/breast-cancer/invasive-lobular-carcinoma.html

  Lastly, the precancerous lesion known as lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) can increase a persons chances of a lobular breast cancer diagnosis. […] Many patients with invasive lobular carcinoma receive the standard-of-care chemotherapy, but the comprehensive review showed there isnt much clinical benefit. […] Most ILCs are positive for the estrogen and progesterone receptors and negative for the HER2 receptor. They are called hormone-receptor positive breast cancers. […] Because of this, lobular breast cancer can be treated with endocrine therapy. […] We found that lobular breast cancers are universally driven by the CDH1 mutation, Mouabbi says. […] Its exciting because weve identified targets that may lead to more effective treatment, Mouabbi says. […] A risk factor is anything that increases a persons chance of developing a particular disease. The risk factors for ILC include:

• #60 Invasive Lobular Carcinoma: Symptoms, Causes & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/21180-lobular-breast-cancer

  Invasive lobular carcinoma (ILC) happens when genetic mutations (changes) turn healthy cells into cancer cells. Experts aren’t sure what causes the mutations. Researchers believe the following factors increase your risk of having invasive lobular carcinoma: […] About 10% to 15% of breast cancers are invasive lobular breast cancer. This type of breast cancer usually grows in response to estrogen, the main female hormone. It grows slowly. You may have ILC for years before it’s seen on a mammogram or causes symptoms. Like all other breast cancers, ILC can spread through breast tissue or to other areas of your body. […] ILC affects an estimated 31,000 to 46,000 women in the U.S. each year. Early diagnosis and treatment may cure it. But ILC can spread to other areas of your body many years after your diagnosis and treatment.

• #61 Genomic analysis paves way for personalized treatment of invasive lobular carcinoma – UNC Lineberger

  https://unclineberger.org/news-archives/lobular-carcinoma/

  UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center researchers helped lead an effort by The Cancer Genome Atlas Network of researchers to map the genetic drivers of invasive lobular carcinoma, the second most commonly diagnosed invasive form of breast cancer. […] They found that this cancer type may be at least three different diseases that differ in their microenvironmental features and outcomes. […] Lobular cancers are not a single homogeneous group, but may represent at least three different diseases that appear to differ in their microenvironmental features, and which also show differences in outcomes. […] We treat them similarly to their more common ductal counterparts, but in part because that is because we have a poor understanding of the biology underlying lobular carcinomas, Carey said.

• #62 Invasive Lobular Carcinoma | MD Anderson Cancer Center

  https://www.mdanderson.org/cancer-types/breast-cancer/invasive-lobular-carcinoma.html

  Lastly, the precancerous lesion known as lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS) can increase a persons chances of a lobular breast cancer diagnosis. […] Many patients with invasive lobular carcinoma receive the standard-of-care chemotherapy, but the comprehensive review showed there isnt much clinical benefit. […] Most ILCs are positive for the estrogen and progesterone receptors and negative for the HER2 receptor. They are called hormone-receptor positive breast cancers. […] Because of this, lobular breast cancer can be treated with endocrine therapy. […] We found that lobular breast cancers are universally driven by the CDH1 mutation, Mouabbi says. […] Its exciting because weve identified targets that may lead to more effective treatment, Mouabbi says. […] A risk factor is anything that increases a persons chance of developing a particular disease. The risk factors for ILC include:

• #63

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40487-019-00105-0

  Besides E-cadherin loss, ILC is enriched versus IDC for inactivating phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) alterations (14% vs. 3%), forkhead box protein A1 (FOXA1) mutations (7% vs. 2%) and runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) mutations (10% vs. 3%). […] The poor response to chemotherapy is also associated with its luminal A subtype (ER/PR positive, low mitotic index/Ki67). […] This implies an intrinsic resistance to tamoxifen in ILC and that patients with ILC should be preferentially offered adjuvant aromatase inhibition. […] The challenge for the field remains to improve our understanding of the functional implications of the unique molecular profile of ILC, beyond loss of E-cadherin.

• #64 Invasive Lobular Carcinoma: Symptoms, Treatment, Research | BCRF

  https://www.bcrf.org/about-breast-cancer/invasive-lobular-carcinoma/

  Lobular breast cancer represents 10 to 15 percent of all invasive breast cancers. […] Lifetime exposure to estrogen is a risk factor for breast cancers that rely on estrogen for growth. Factors that increase exposure to estrogen and progesterone, therefore, can increase risk of lobular breast cancer. […] The unique tumor growth patterns of lobular breast cancer are caused by a genetic alteration in the CDH1 gene that codes for E-cadherin, a protein that is essential for cell-to-cell adhesion that promotes normal tissue structure. A loss of CDH1 is the most prevalent gene alteration that distinguishes invasive lobular carcinoma from invasive ductal carcinoma. […] Invasive lobular carcinoma has generally been treated like HR-positive invasive ductal carcinoma, but there are marked differences in how the two types of invasive carcinoma respond to hormone therapies. This may be due to the unique biology of lobular breast cancer. Recent studies profiling lobular tumors suggest that some common genetic mutations cause a poorer response to hormone therapies and drive resistance. […] Identify what causes metastasis to uncommon sites, such as the ovaries and peritoneum, compared to invasive ductal carcinoma. […] Investigate the drivers of lobular carcinoma development and growth.

• #65 Chemotherapy Benefits in Invasive Lobular Carcinoma

  https://www.rockymountaincancercenters.com/referring-providers-blog/chemotherapy-benefits-in-invasive-lobular-carcinoma

  Previous diagnosis of lobular carcinoma in situ (LCIS). LCIS increases the risk of developing invasive cancer in either breast. […] Family history of breast or ovarian cancer. Women with a first-degree relative (mother, sister, or daughter) have an increased risk of invasive lobular carcinoma. […] Inherited genetic cancer syndromes. Women with a rare inherited condition called hereditary diffuse gastric cancer syndrome have an increased risk of both stomach (gastric) cancer and invasive lobular carcinoma. […] Due to the biological characteristics of ILC, it is considered less responsive to chemotherapy than other types of breast cancer, resulting in lower rates of complete pathological response. […] Despite the report of chemotherapy having less responsiveness in ILC, a subset of ILC patients at high risk of recurring and progressing disease may benefit from the use of chemotherapy. […] This new data suggests that although most patients with ILC are not chemosensitive, there is a subset of high-risk ILC patients that benefit from chemotherapy to increase their survival rate.

• #66 Invasive Lobular Carcinoma: Symptoms, Treatment, Research | BCRF

  https://www.bcrf.org/about-breast-cancer/invasive-lobular-carcinoma/

  Lobular breast cancer represents 10 to 15 percent of all invasive breast cancers. […] Lifetime exposure to estrogen is a risk factor for breast cancers that rely on estrogen for growth. Factors that increase exposure to estrogen and progesterone, therefore, can increase risk of lobular breast cancer. […] The unique tumor growth patterns of lobular breast cancer are caused by a genetic alteration in the CDH1 gene that codes for E-cadherin, a protein that is essential for cell-to-cell adhesion that promotes normal tissue structure. A loss of CDH1 is the most prevalent gene alteration that distinguishes invasive lobular carcinoma from invasive ductal carcinoma. […] Invasive lobular carcinoma has generally been treated like HR-positive invasive ductal carcinoma, but there are marked differences in how the two types of invasive carcinoma respond to hormone therapies. This may be due to the unique biology of lobular breast cancer. Recent studies profiling lobular tumors suggest that some common genetic mutations cause a poorer response to hormone therapies and drive resistance. […] Identify what causes metastasis to uncommon sites, such as the ovaries and peritoneum, compared to invasive ductal carcinoma. […] Investigate the drivers of lobular carcinoma development and growth.

• #67 Invasive Lobular Carcinoma: Symptoms, Treatment, Research | BCRF

  https://www.bcrf.org/about-breast-cancer/invasive-lobular-carcinoma/

  Lobular breast cancer represents 10 to 15 percent of all invasive breast cancers. […] Lifetime exposure to estrogen is a risk factor for breast cancers that rely on estrogen for growth. Factors that increase exposure to estrogen and progesterone, therefore, can increase risk of lobular breast cancer. […] The unique tumor growth patterns of lobular breast cancer are caused by a genetic alteration in the CDH1 gene that codes for E-cadherin, a protein that is essential for cell-to-cell adhesion that promotes normal tissue structure. A loss of CDH1 is the most prevalent gene alteration that distinguishes invasive lobular carcinoma from invasive ductal carcinoma. […] Invasive lobular carcinoma has generally been treated like HR-positive invasive ductal carcinoma, but there are marked differences in how the two types of invasive carcinoma respond to hormone therapies. This may be due to the unique biology of lobular breast cancer. Recent studies profiling lobular tumors suggest that some common genetic mutations cause a poorer response to hormone therapies and drive resistance. […] Identify what causes metastasis to uncommon sites, such as the ovaries and peritoneum, compared to invasive ductal carcinoma. […] Investigate the drivers of lobular carcinoma development and growth.

• #68 Lobular breast cancer comes into the research spotlight | Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center

  https://www.fredhutch.org/en/news/center-news/2018/02/lobular-breast-cancer-comes-into-the-research-spotlight.html

  Invasive (or infiltrating) lobular carcinoma, ILC for short, accounts for 10 to 15 percent of invasive breast cancers; invasive ductal carcinoma or IDC accounts for most of the rest. […] A landmark Womens Health Initiative study filled in the rest of the puzzle two years later: the rise in lobular breast cancer was directly linked to the use of combined hormone therapy, or CHT, by postmenopausal women. […] Its not that breast cancer, in general, is increased by hormone replacement therapy. Lobular breast cancer is increased by taking combined estrogen and progestin hormone replacement therapy. Something in that combination is creating a situation where lobular cancer is more likely to develop. […] We have some understanding of its unique biology but incomplete knowledge of why it is more likely to recur to bones and ovaries than other forms of breast cancer. […] Lobulars metastatic spread is also unconventional. While ductal spreads to the liver, lungs, bones, and brain, lobular tends to go to the bones and ovaries or enmesh itself in the gastrointestinal tract, the abdominal lining, or the tissue around the kidneys and ureters.

• #69

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40487-019-00105-0

  Besides E-cadherin loss, ILC is enriched versus IDC for inactivating phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) alterations (14% vs. 3%), forkhead box protein A1 (FOXA1) mutations (7% vs. 2%) and runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) mutations (10% vs. 3%). […] The poor response to chemotherapy is also associated with its luminal A subtype (ER/PR positive, low mitotic index/Ki67). […] This implies an intrinsic resistance to tamoxifen in ILC and that patients with ILC should be preferentially offered adjuvant aromatase inhibition. […] The challenge for the field remains to improve our understanding of the functional implications of the unique molecular profile of ILC, beyond loss of E-cadherin.

• #70 What is invasive lobular carcinoma? | MD Anderson Cancer Center

  https://www.mdanderson.org/cancerwise/What-is-invasive-lobular-carcinoma-8-insights-on-lobular-breast-cancer.h00-159539745.html

  There are other therapies for invasive lobular carcinoma, but they’re not widely used yet. […] Because of this, lobular breast cancer can be treated with endocrine therapy. […] We found that lobular breast cancers are universally driven by the CDH1 mutation, Mouabbi says. […] It’s exciting because we’ve identified targets that may lead to more effective treatment, Mouabbi says. […] To define more personalized approaches, Mouabbi says it’s critical to conduct clinical trials specific to lobular breast cancer.

• #71 Genomic analysis paves way for personalized treatment of invasive lobular carcinoma – UNC Lineberger

  https://unclineberger.org/news-archives/lobular-carcinoma/

  Gaining insight into the molecular basis for lobular breast cancer may allow us in the future to tailor treatments specifically for them. […] The study also reaffirmed a previous finding that loss of the function of a molecule called e-cadherin is the hallmark of invasive lobular carcinoma, and it uncovered new mutations in genes that regulate estrogen receptor signaling in these cancers. […] Estrogen receptor signaling is a driver of breast cancer growth for most breast tumors, including lobular cancers, Perou said. […] We found that there are known regulators of estrogen receptor signaling that are mutated in these cancers. […] This could eventually tell us something about the responsiveness of these cancers to hormone therapy. […] The researchers also found increased activity of a signaling pathway called the PI3K/Akt pathway in invasive lobular carcinomas. […] Based on the findings, the researchers believe that investigative drugs that target this pathway may be a particularly attractive for this breast cancer type.

• #72 Invasive Lobular Carcinoma: Symptoms, Treatment, Research | BCRF

  https://www.bcrf.org/about-breast-cancer/invasive-lobular-carcinoma/

  Lobular breast cancer represents 10 to 15 percent of all invasive breast cancers. […] Lifetime exposure to estrogen is a risk factor for breast cancers that rely on estrogen for growth. Factors that increase exposure to estrogen and progesterone, therefore, can increase risk of lobular breast cancer. […] The unique tumor growth patterns of lobular breast cancer are caused by a genetic alteration in the CDH1 gene that codes for E-cadherin, a protein that is essential for cell-to-cell adhesion that promotes normal tissue structure. A loss of CDH1 is the most prevalent gene alteration that distinguishes invasive lobular carcinoma from invasive ductal carcinoma. […] Invasive lobular carcinoma has generally been treated like HR-positive invasive ductal carcinoma, but there are marked differences in how the two types of invasive carcinoma respond to hormone therapies. This may be due to the unique biology of lobular breast cancer. Recent studies profiling lobular tumors suggest that some common genetic mutations cause a poorer response to hormone therapies and drive resistance. […] Identify what causes metastasis to uncommon sites, such as the ovaries and peritoneum, compared to invasive ductal carcinoma. […] Investigate the drivers of lobular carcinoma development and growth.

• #73 What is invasive lobular carcinoma? | MD Anderson Cancer Center

  https://www.mdanderson.org/cancerwise/What-is-invasive-lobular-carcinoma-8-insights-on-lobular-breast-cancer.h00-159539745.html

  There are other therapies for invasive lobular carcinoma, but they’re not widely used yet. […] Because of this, lobular breast cancer can be treated with endocrine therapy. […] We found that lobular breast cancers are universally driven by the CDH1 mutation, Mouabbi says. […] It’s exciting because we’ve identified targets that may lead to more effective treatment, Mouabbi says. […] To define more personalized approaches, Mouabbi says it’s critical to conduct clinical trials specific to lobular breast cancer.

• #74

  https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40487-019-00105-0

  Besides E-cadherin loss, ILC is enriched versus IDC for inactivating phosphatase and tensin homologue (PTEN) alterations (14% vs. 3%), forkhead box protein A1 (FOXA1) mutations (7% vs. 2%) and runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) mutations (10% vs. 3%). […] The poor response to chemotherapy is also associated with its luminal A subtype (ER/PR positive, low mitotic index/Ki67). […] This implies an intrinsic resistance to tamoxifen in ILC and that patients with ILC should be preferentially offered adjuvant aromatase inhibition. […] The challenge for the field remains to improve our understanding of the functional implications of the unique molecular profile of ILC, beyond loss of E-cadherin.

• #75 Genomic analysis paves way for personalized treatment of invasive lobular carcinoma – UNC Lineberger

  https://unclineberger.org/news-archives/lobular-carcinoma/

  Gaining insight into the molecular basis for lobular breast cancer may allow us in the future to tailor treatments specifically for them. […] The study also reaffirmed a previous finding that loss of the function of a molecule called e-cadherin is the hallmark of invasive lobular carcinoma, and it uncovered new mutations in genes that regulate estrogen receptor signaling in these cancers. […] Estrogen receptor signaling is a driver of breast cancer growth for most breast tumors, including lobular cancers, Perou said. […] We found that there are known regulators of estrogen receptor signaling that are mutated in these cancers. […] This could eventually tell us something about the responsiveness of these cancers to hormone therapy. […] The researchers also found increased activity of a signaling pathway called the PI3K/Akt pathway in invasive lobular carcinomas. […] Based on the findings, the researchers believe that investigative drugs that target this pathway may be a particularly attractive for this breast cancer type.

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