Fibromialgia – Epidemiologia

Fibromialgia
Epidemiologia

Fibromialgia (FM) jest przewlekłym schorzeniem reumatologicznym o globalnym rozpowszechnieniu szacowanym na 2-3% populacji, z wyższą częstością w środowiskach klinicznych (do 40% w klinikach leczenia bólu). Choroba charakteryzuje się przewlekłym bólem mięśniowo-szkieletowym, zmęczeniem, zaburzeniami snu i deficytami poznawczymi, co znacząco obniża jakość życia pacjentów (średnia ocena jakości życia 4,8/10). FM dotyka częściej kobiety, choć nowsze kryteria diagnostyczne (ACR 2010/2011) wskazują na stosunek płci około 2:1, a nie 6-10:1 jak wcześniej sądzono. Największe rozpowszechnienie obserwuje się w wieku 50-60 lat, a choroba występuje także u dzieci i młodzieży (JPFS: 1-6% populacji szkolnej). FM współwystępuje często z innymi schorzeniami, w tym reumatoidalnym zapaleniem stawów (10,5%), toczniem (5,2%), zespołem jelita drażliwego (zwiększone ryzyko o 80%) oraz zaburzeniami depresyjnymi (ryzyko 2,62 razy wyższe).

Epidemiologia Fibromialgia

Rozpowszechnienie ogólnoświatowe
Różnice ze względu na płeć
Różnice w grupach wiekowych
Obciążenie ekonomiczne i społeczne
Współwystępowanie innych chorób
Czynniki ryzyka
Wpływ na jakość życia
Wyzwania w badaniach epidemiologicznych
Zmienność objawów w czasie

Wnioski

Kolejne rozdziały

Epidemiologia Fibromialgia

Fibromialgia (FM) jest częstym schorzeniem reumatologicznym, które dotyka znaczącą część populacji na całym świecie. Schorzenie to charakteryzuje się przewlekłym bólem mięśniowo-szkieletowym, zmęczeniem, zaburzeniami snu oraz problemami poznawczymi, co znacząco wpływa na jakość życia pacjentów¹². Fibromialgia upośledza codzienne aktywności życiowe, zmniejsza wydajność pracy i zwiększa koszty związane z opieką zdrowotną¹.

Rozpowszechnienie ogólnoświatowe

Średnie globalne rozpowszechnienie fibromialgia szacuje się na poziomie 2-3% populacji ogólnej, choć wskaźniki te mogą się znacznie różnić w zależności od położenia geograficznego, zastosowanych kryteriów diagnostycznych oraz metodologii badań³⁴. Niektóre badania sugerują, że globalna częstość występowania fibromialgia wynosi średnio 2,7% z zakresem od 0,4% do 9,3% w zależności od lokalizacji geograficznej⁵⁶. Według Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, fibromialgia dotyka około 4 milionów dorosłych w Stanach Zjednoczonych, co stanowi około 2% populacji dorosłych⁷⁸.

Badania przeprowadzone w różnych regionach świata wskazują na następujące wskaźniki rozpowszechnienia:

Europa – całkowite rozpowszechnienie na poziomie 2,64%, z krajowymi danymi: 1,4-1,6% we Francji, 2,1-3,2% w Niemczech oraz 2,4% w Hiszpanii⁹¹⁰
Stany Zjednoczone – 2-3% populacji ogólnej, z wyższym odsetkiem przy zastosowaniu nowszych kryteriów diagnostycznych (6,4% według kryteriów ACR 2010)¹¹¹²
Brazylia – około 2%, z proporcją 1 mężczyzna na 5,5 kobiety¹³
Kanada – około 3% populacji (szacunkowo 900 000 osób)¹⁴
Syria – 11,8% w badaniu populacyjnym w Damaszku, co jest jednym z najwyższych wskaźników raportowanych w populacji ogólnej¹⁵
Izrael – 2,0-2,6% populacji ogólnej¹⁶
Kraje azjatyckie – Korea Południowa (1,7%), Chiny (stosunek mężczyzn do kobiet 1:6,3), Japonia (stosunek mężczyzn do kobiet 1:8,1)¹⁷

W środowiskach klinicznych wskaźniki są znacznie wyższe. Wśród pacjentów kierowanych do trzeciorzędowych klinik leczenia bólu ponad 40% spełnia kryteria fibromialgia³. Fibromialgia jest drugą najczęstszą chorobą, z którą spotykają się reumatolodzy, występującą u 15% ocenianych pacjentów¹¹. Około 8% pacjentów leczonych w poradniach podstawowej opieki zdrowotnej ma fibromialgia¹¹.

Różnice ze względu na płeć

Fibromialgia występuje częściej u kobiet niż u mężczyzn, jednak skala tej różnicy jest przedmiotem dyskusji naukowych i może być zależna od zastosowanych kryteriów diagnostycznych⁴¹⁸. Według tradycyjnych danych klinicznych, fibromialgia występuje u kobiet 6-10 razy częściej niż u mężczyzn⁴¹⁹. Jednak nowsze badania sugerują, że ta różnica może być mniejsza.

Badania stosujące kryteria diagnostyczne ACR z 2010/2011 roku wskazują na proporcję kobiet do mężczyzn wynoszącą około 2:1¹⁸. W Stanach Zjednoczonych rozpowszechnienie fibromialgia u kobiet szacuje się na 3,4%, a u mężczyzn na 0,5%²⁰⁶. W badaniu przeprowadzonym w Minnesota z wykorzystaniem kryteriów ACR 2010, 7,7% kobiet i 4,9% mężczyzn spełniało kryteria fibromialgia, jednak tylko 27% z tych osób zostało wcześniej zdiagnozowanych, co daje rozpowszechnienie zdiagnozowanej fibromialgia na poziomie 2% u kobiet i zaledwie 0,15% u mężczyzn²¹.

Rozbieżności w ocenie proporcji płci mogą wynikać z kilku czynników²²:

Różnych kryteriów diagnostycznych stosowanych w badaniach
Błędów selekcji i potwierdzenia w badaniach klinicznych
Tendencji do nadmiernego rozpoznawania fibromialgia u kobiet i niedostatecznego rozpoznawania u mężczyzn

Badania bez błędów systematycznych sugerują, że rzeczywista proporcja kobiet z fibromialgia wynosi około 60%, a nie 90% jak tradycyjnie uważano²²²³.

Różnice w grupach wiekowych

Fibromialgia może wystąpić w każdym wieku, jednak jej rozpowszechnienie zwiększa się wraz z wiekiem, osiągając szczyt w wieku 50-60 lat, po czym nieco spada³¹⁷. Najczęściej choroba rozwija się między 30. a 60. rokiem życia, a większość pacjentów jest diagnozowana w średnim wieku²⁰.

Kobiety w wieku reprodukcyjnym (20-55 lat) są najbardziej narażone na rozwój fibromialgia i to właśnie w tej grupie wiekowej fibromialgia jest główną przyczyną uogólnionego bólu mięśniowo-szkieletowego³⁴. Statystyki pokazują, że kobiety dotknięte fibromialgia w tym przedziale wiekowym są 10 razy mniej skłonne do powrotu do pracy i 4 razy mniej skłonne do utrzymania zatrudnienia rok po hospitalizacji z powodu fibromialgia²⁴.

Fibromialgia występuje również u dzieci i młodzieży. Młodzieńczy pierwotny zespół fibromialgia (JPFS) dotyka od 1% do 6% dzieci i młodzieży w wieku szkolnym i stanowi 7-15% wszystkich skierowań do klinik reumatologii dziecięcej³. JPFS występuje częściej u dziewcząt niż u chłopców, ze średnim wiekiem wystąpienia około 11,4-13,7 lat (zakres 5-18 lat) i średnim wiekiem diagnozy około 14,5-15,5 lat⁵. Około 84% pacjentów z JPFS to dziewczęta, z wiekiem diagnozy od 9 do 20 lat³.

Obciążenie ekonomiczne i społeczne

Fibromialgia stanowi znaczące obciążenie dla systemów opieki zdrowotnej i gospodarki⁹. Roczne obciążenie ekonomiczne związane z fibromialgia w 2005 roku wynosiło 10 199 dolarów na pacjenta rocznie, prawie dwukrotnie więcej niż u dopasowanych osób kontrolnych¹¹. Szacuje się, że ogólnie fibromialgia kosztuje gospodarkę USA ponad 9 miliardów dolarów rocznie¹¹.

Pacjenci z fibromialgia korzystają z opieki zdrowotnej znacznie częściej niż populacja ogólna²⁴⁹:

Liczba konsultacji potrzebnych rocznie u pacjentów z fibromialgia jest prawie dwukrotnie większa niż w zdrowej populacji⁹²
Całkowity koszt ponoszony na pacjentów z fibromialgia jest około trzykrotnie wyższy niż w losowej próbie⁹¹⁰
Pacjenci z fibromialgia są częściej hospitalizowani, średnio doświadczając jednej hospitalizacji co 3 lata²⁴
Fibromialgia powoduje około 5,5 miliona wizyt w gabinetach lekarskich każdego roku²⁵

W populacji aktywnych żołnierzy amerykańskich, pacjenci z fibromialgia mieli średnio 57 wizyt medycznych rocznie w porównaniu do średnio 13 w całej populacji pacjentów²⁶. To jasno wskazuje na znaczne obciążenie dla gotowości i wydajności tych pacjentów²⁶.

Współwystępowanie innych chorób

Fibromialgia często współwystępuje z innymi schorzeniami, zarówno fizycznymi, jak i psychicznymi⁷. Dorośli z fibromialgia są ponad trzykrotnie bardziej narażeni na wystąpienie ciężkiej depresji niż dorośli bez fibromialgia⁷. Zaburzenia snu i depresja występują u znacznej liczby pacjentów z fibromialgia²⁷.

Najczęstsze choroby współistniejące z fibromialgia obejmują²⁸²⁹:

Reumatoidalne zapalenie stawów (10,5%)
Toczeń (5,2%)
Choroby zapalne jelit (2,2%)
Zespół jelita drażliwego (zwiększona szansa wystąpienia fibromialgia o 80%)
Zaburzenia depresyjne (zwiększona szansa wystąpienia fibromialgia 2,62 razy)

Fibromialgia często współwystępuje z innymi typami zapalenia stawów, takimi jak choroba zwyrodnieniowa stawów, reumatoidalne zapalenie stawów, toczeń rumieniowaty układowy i zesztywniające zapalenie stawów kręgosłupa⁷.

Czynniki ryzyka

Identyfikacja czynników ryzyka fibromialgia jest istotna dla lepszego zrozumienia tej choroby i potencjalnych strategii zapobiegawczych³⁰³¹. Do głównych czynników ryzyka rozwoju fibromialgia należą:

Płeć żeńska – kobiety są znacznie częściej dotknięte fibromialgia niż mężczyźni³
Wiek – częstość występowania wzrasta z wiekiem, osiągając szczyt w wieku 50-60 lat¹⁷
Historia rodzinna – u krewnych pierwszego stopnia pacjentów z fibromialgia istnieje większe prawdopodobieństwo wystąpienia fibromialgia lub innych rodzajów zespołów bólu przewlekłego³²³³
Czynniki genetyczne i środowiskowe – badania bliźniąt pokazują, że ryzyko fibromialgia jest w 50% genetyczne i w 50% środowiskowe³¹
Niski status społeczno-ekonomiczny – niższy poziom wykształcenia, niższy dochód gospodarstwa domowego, status rozwodnika³¹³³
Otyłość – większość pacjentów w badaniach miała BMI ≥30 kg/m²³⁴
Istniejące choroby reumatyczne – ryzyko rozwoju fibromialgia jest wyższe u osób z istniejącą chorobą reumatyczną³
Urazy fizyczne i negatywne wydarzenia życiowe³¹
Zaburzenia psychiczne – historia osobista lub rodzinna depresji, zaburzenia lękowe, zaburzenia somatyzacyjne³³

Badania wykazały również zmiany epigenetyczne charakteryzujące się hipometylacją genów zaangażowanych w odpowiedź na stres, naprawę DNA i odpowiedź układu autonomicznego u pacjentów z fibromialgia³¹.

Wpływ na jakość życia

Fibromialgia istotnie wpływa na jakość życia pacjentów¹²⁴. Osoby z fibromialgia doświadczają znacznego obciążenia w zakresie objawów, utraty funkcji i produktywności oraz obniżonej jakości życia związanej ze zdrowiem³⁵.

Przy samoocenie jakości życia (w skali od 1 = niska do 10 = najwyższa), pacjenci z fibromialgia osiągają średni wynik 4,8²⁴. Dorośli pacjenci z fibromialgia są 3,4 razy bardziej narażeni na wystąpienie ciężkiej depresji niż osoby bez fibromialgia²⁴.

Choroba ma istotny wpływ na zatrudnienie i produktywność. W Europie jedna piąta osób dotkniętych fibromialgia jest niezdolna do pracy zarobkowej³⁶. Kobiety w wieku produkcyjnym dotknięte fibromialgia są 10 razy mniej skłonne do powrotu do pracy i 4 razy mniej skłonne do utrzymania zatrudnienia rok po hospitalizacji z powodu fibromialgia²⁴.

Wyzwania w badaniach epidemiologicznych

Badania epidemiologiczne fibromialgia napotykają na szereg wyzwań, które mogą wpływać na wiarygodność i porównywalność danych¹²²:

Różne kryteria diagnostyczne – stosowanie różnych kryteriów (ACR 1990, ACR 2010, zmodyfikowane ACR 2010) prowadzi do różnych szacunków rozpowszechnienia³⁷
Różne metodologie badań – badania różnią się pod względem projektów, populacji badanych i narzędzi oceny¹
Ograniczenia geograficzne – większość badań przeprowadzono w konkretnym mieście, regionie lub obszarze, a artykuły dostarczające ogólnokrajowych danych o rozpowszechnieniu są ograniczone¹
Błędy systematyczne – błędy selekcji i potwierdzenia w badaniach klinicznych mogą prowadzić do nieprawidłowych szacunków²³
Niedodiagnozowanie – fibromialgia może być niedodiagnozowana, szczególnie u mężczyzn³⁸

Badanie przeprowadzone w hrabstwie Olmsted w stanie Minnesota wykazało, że pacjenci, szczególnie mężczyźni, którzy spełniają kryteria badawcze fibromialgia, są mało prawdopodobni do otrzymania diagnozy fibromialgia³⁸. Szacuje się, że tylko 27% osób spełniających kryteria ACR 2010 dla fibromialgia zostało zdiagnozowanych z tym schorzeniem²¹.

Zmienność objawów w czasie

Fibromialgia jest schorzeniem przewlekłym, jednak badania sugerują, że objawy mogą się zmieniać w czasie³⁹⁴⁰. Badania wykazały, że u części pacjentów (20-47%) zdiagnozowanych z fibromialgia może nie spełniać definicji badawczej fibromialgia 1-2 lata po diagnozie³⁹.

Obserwuje się zmienność objawów, takich jak ból, funkcjonowanie fizyczne i sen w czasie, co może odzwierciedlać nasilający się i ustępujący charakter fibromialgia⁴¹. W badaniu przeprowadzonym w USA stwierdzono, że dwie trzecie próby z fibromialgia wskazało, że ich objawy były trochę lub znacznie lepsze, 10% nie zgłosiło zmian, a jedna czwarta próby zgłosiła, że były trochę lub znacznie gorsze podczas wywiadu 10-letniego niż w momencie pierwszej diagnozy³⁴.

Wyniki te sugerują, że choć fibromialgia jest chorobą przewlekłą, może występować nasilanie się i ustępowanie objawów, a także część pacjentów może doświadczyć poprawy po diagnozie i leczeniu⁴⁰.

Wnioski

Fibromialgia stanowi istotne wyzwanie dla zdrowia publicznego na całym świecie, z szacunkowym rozpowszechnieniem 2-3% w populacji ogólnej³⁴. Choroba ta dotyka częściej kobiety niż mężczyzn, choć najnowsze badania sugerują, że różnica między płciami może być mniejsza niż wcześniej sądzono²².

Fibromialgia nakłada znaczne obciążenie ekonomiczne i społeczne, zwiększając korzystanie z zasobów opieki zdrowotnej, obniżając produktywność i jakość życia pacjentów⁹²⁴. Współwystępowanie fibromialgia z innymi schorzeniami, takimi jak depresja, zaburzenia lękowe i inne choroby reumatyczne, dodatkowo komplikuje obraz kliniczny i zarządzanie tą chorobą⁷.

Badania epidemiologiczne fibromialgia napotykają na szereg wyzwań, w tym różne kryteria diagnostyczne, metodologie badań i błędy systematyczne¹²². Pomimo tych wyzwań, zrozumienie epidemiologii fibromialgia ma kluczowe znaczenie dla opracowania skutecznych strategii diagnozowania, leczenia i zarządzania tą chorobą⁴².

Dalsze badania są potrzebne, szczególnie dotyczące różnic płciowych w diagnozowaniu i leczeniu fibromialgia, a także lepszego zrozumienia przyczyn i mechanizmów tej choroby⁴³. Badania populacyjne byłyby przydatne do ustalenia rzeczywistego rozpowszechnienia fibromialgia, szczególnie w regionach, gdzie dane są ograniczone, jak na przykład w Afryce⁴⁴.

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Materiały źródłowe

#1 Fibromyalgia syndrome: epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9847104/
Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) profoundly impacts patients quality of life with its symptoms and clinical signs. Fibromyalgia syndrome impairs daily living activities, reduces work efficiency and raises health-related costs. Although the prevalence rates vary depending on geographical location and diagnostic criteria, it is a common disorder worldwide. Females have a higher prevalence of fibromyalgia syndrome, with varied rates, and there is an increase in prevalence rates with age. […] Clarifying the FMS epidemiology has clinical and financial benefits. There are differences between the prevalence rates depending on the methodology, diagnostic criteria, and geographic location. Most studies were conducted in a particular city, region, or area, and articles providing nationwide prevalence data are limited.
#2
https://reu.termedia.pl/Fibromyalgia-syndrome-epidemiology-diagnosis-and-treatment,156523,0,2.html
Fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) profoundly impacts patients quality of life with its symptoms and clinical signs. Fibromyalgia syndrome impairs daily living activities, reduces work efficiency and raises health-related costs. Although the prevalence rates vary depending on geographical location and diagnostic criteria, it is a common disorder worldwide. Females have a higher prevalence of fibromyalgia syndrome, with varied rates, and there is an increase in prevalence rates with age. […] Clarifying the FMS epidemiology has clinical and financial benefits. There are differences between the prevalence rates depending on the methodology, diagnostic criteria, and geographic location. Most studies were conducted in a particular city, region, or area, and articles providing nationwide prevalence data are limited.
#2
https://reu.termedia.pl/Fibromyalgia-syndrome-epidemiology-diagnosis-and-treatment,156523,0,2.html
The prevalence of FMS is higher in females, with varying rates, and it has been shown that there is an increase in prevalence rates with age. […] The vast healthcare costs of individuals who regularly seek medical attention mirror the typically impaired quality of life of FMS patients. The number of consultations needed annually in FMS patients is nearly twice that of the healthy population. […] In Europe, nationwide FMS prevalence data were reported as 1.4% and 1.6% in France, 3.2% and 2.1% in Germany, and 2.4% in Spain. In a meta-analysis, the total prevalence of FMS in the Eurozone was calculated as 2.64%.
#3 Fibromyalgia | Treatment & Management | Point of Care
https://www.statpearls.com/point-of-care/65391
The prevalence of fibromyalgia in the United States and other countries is approximately 2% to 3%, with the incidence increasing with age. The highest incidence occurs in females between the ages of 20 and 55 and is the leading cause of generalized musculoskeletal pain in women. In adults, females are twice as likely as males to be diagnosed with fibromyalgia. Among patients referred to tertiary care pain management clinics, over 40% meet the criteria for fibromyalgia. The risk of developing fibromyalgia is higher in individuals with an existing rheumatic disease. […] The prevalence of JPFS worldwide ranges from 1% to 6% in school-aged children and adolescents, and it accounts for 7% to 15% of all referrals to pediatric rheumatology clinics. Nearly 84% of patients with JPFS are female, with a diagnostic age range of 9 to 20 and a mean age of 15.4. Most patients with JPFS are non-Hispanic and White. However, some experts question the validity of these statistics due to the underrecognition and undertreatment of pain in certain ethnic groups.
#4 Fibromyalgia: Clinical manifestations and diagnosis in adults – UpToDate
https://www.uptodate.com/contents/fibromyalgia-clinical-manifestations-and-diagnosis-in-adults
Fibromyalgia (FM) is a common cause of chronic pain and the most common cause of generalized, musculoskeletal pain in women between ages of 20 and 55 years; in the United States and in other countries, the prevalence is approximately 2 to 3 percent and increases with age. […] FM is more common in women than men and occurs in both children and adults. […] It is six times more common in women in reports from specialty clinics, although the female predominance is not as striking in the community and when using survey criteria that do not require a tender point examination.
#5 Juvenile primary Fibromyalgia Syndrome: epidemiology, etiology, pathogenesis, clinical manifestations and diagnosis | Pediatric Rheumatology | Full Text
https://ped-rheum.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12969-021-00493-6
Juvenile primary fibromyalgia syndrome (JPFS) is a chronic, musculoskeletal pain syndrome affecting children and adolescents, most commonly adolescent girls. […] The worldwide prevalence of FM is 2.7%; ranging from 0.4 to 9.3% depending on the geographic location. The estimated prevalence of JPFS ranges from 1.2 to 6.2%. […] JPFS is more common among girls than boys. […] The mean age of onset is approximately 11.4 to 13.7 years, ranging from 5 to 18 years. The mean age at diagnosis is about 14.5 to 15.5 years, ranging from 7 to 18 years. […] It is presumed that JPFS in younger children is underdiagnosed, and that symptoms are attributed to other causes.
#6 What is Fibromyalgia and Who is Affected? – Fibromyalgia
https://fibromyalgia.zone/index.php?page=who-is-affected
It is important to understand the impact of this illness on patient, her/his family, and community, when investigating fibromyalgia epidemiology. […] The modified new ACR diagnostic criteria of fibromyalgia in 2010 enables to perform broad epidemic research in different countries and continents without a necessity to examine tender points. This also would make possible to evaluate socio-demographic determinants of fibromyalgia and its coexistence with other disorders. […] On the base of many (several dozen) epidemic survey performed according to fibromyalgia diagnostic criteria published by ACR in 1990 the average rate of fibromyalgia prevalence was 2.7 % of the total world population. […] It seems that the new criteria are more sensitive and less specific as compared to the old (1990) ACR diagnostic criteria. This may reflect on increased number of diagnosed fibromyalgia cases.
#6 What is Fibromyalgia and Who is Affected? – Fibromyalgia
https://fibromyalgia.zone/index.php?page=who-is-affected
Fibromyalgia is one of the most common chronic pain conditions. The disorder affects an estimated 3 6% of the world population (7.6 billons in 2018). This gives from 228 million even up to 456 million all over the world. However, it varies from country o country. The diagnosis of fibromyalgia is difficult and there might a number of false positively or false negatively misdiagnosed people. […] The literature shows values of fibromyalgia prevalence in the general population between 0.2 and 6.6%, in women between 2.4 and 6.8%, in urban areas between 0.7 and 11.4%, in rural areas between 0.1 and 5.2%, and in special populations values between 0.6 and 15%. This literature review update shows a significant increase in fibromyalgia prevalence studies in the world. […] According to the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, the prevalence of FMS is 3.4% in women and 0.5% in men.
#7 Fibromyalgia | CDC
https://archive.cdc.gov/www_cdc_gov/arthritis/types/fibromyalgia.htm
Fibromyalgia affects about 4 million US adults, about 2% of the adult population. […] Adults with fibromyalgia are more than 3 times more likely to have major depression than adults without fibromyalgia. […] If you have fibromyalgia you are twice as likely to be hospitalized as someone without fibromyalgia. […] Fibromyalgia often co-occurs with other types of arthritis such as osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and ankylosing spondylitis.
#8 Fibromyalgia
https://dph.illinois.gov/topics-services/diseases-and-conditions/diseases-a-z-list/diseases/fibromyalgia.html
Fibromyalgia is a common disease that affects approximately 2 percent of the U.S. population or about 5 million people. […] Fibromyalgia is difficult to diagnose. […] According to the American College of Rheumatology guidelines, a person has fibromyalgia if he or she has widespread pain for at least three months and pain in at least 11 of 18 specific tender points on the body. […] There is no known cure for fibromyalgia. […] Research shows that patients who take part in their own care report less pain and make fewer visits to health care professionals, as well as enjoy a better quality of life.
#9 Fibromyalgia syndrome: epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9847104/
In Europe, nationwide FMS prevalence data were reported as 1.4% and 1.6% in France, 3.2% and 2.1% in Germany, and 2.4% in Spain. In a meta-analysis, the total prevalence of FMS in the Eurozone was calculated as 2.64%. […] The prevalence of FMS is higher in females, with varying rates, and it has been shown that there is an increase in prevalence rates with age. In two studies conducted on adult females, the prevalence rates were 3.6% and 5.6%. […] The vast healthcare costs of individuals who regularly seek medical attention mirror the typically impaired quality of life of FMS patients. The number of consultations needed annually in FMS patients is nearly twice that of the healthy population. […] Furthermore, when health cost assessments are performed, it is seen that the overall cost incurred for FMS patients is approximately three times higher than in a random sample.
#10
https://reu.termedia.pl/Fibromyalgia-syndrome-epidemiology-diagnosis-and-treatment,156523,0,1.html
In Europe, nationwide FMS prevalence data were reported as 1.4% and 1.6% in France, 3.2% and 2.1% in Germany, and 2.4% in Spain. In a meta-analysis, the total prevalence of FMS in the Eurozone was calculated as 2.64%. […] The prevalence of FMS is higher in females, with varying rates, and it has been shown that there is an increase in prevalence rates with age. In two studies conducted on adult females, the prevalence rates were 3.6% and 5.6%. […] The vast healthcare costs of individuals who regularly seek medical attention mirror the typically impaired quality of life of FMS patients. The number of consultations needed annually in FMS patients is nearly twice that of the healthy population. Furthermore, when health cost assessments are performed, it is seen that the overall cost incurred for FMS patients is approximately three times higher than in a random sample.
#11 Fibromyalgia: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology
https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/329838-overview
Wolfe et al estimated that the prevalence of fibromyalgia in the US general population was 2% (3.5% in women and 0.5% in men). However, this estimation was reached using the original 1990 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) classification criteria, and those classification criteria miss nearly half the patients clinically diagnosed with fibromyalgia. […] A study by Vincent et al using the 2010 ACR diagnostic criteria estimated the prevalence of fibromyalgia at 6.4% (7.7% in women and 4.9% in men). It is likely that this higher prevalence rate is a more accurate estimate. […] Using data from 5 countries (France, Germany, Italy, Portugal, and Spain), Branco et al estimated the prevalence of fibromyalgia in Europe at 4.7%. Prevalence was estimated to be 5.8% in women and 3.5% in men. […] The prevalence of fibromyalgia in the general population of Brazil has been estimated at 4.5%. A similar Brazilian study in the elderly population estimated the prevalence at 5.5%.
#11 Fibromyalgia: Practice Essentials, Background, Pathophysiology
https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/329838-overview
Fibromyalgia exhibits no race predilection. Researchers have reported the condition in all ethnic groups and cultures. […] The prevalence of fibromyalgia, as defined by the 1990 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) classification criteria, has a prevalence of 3-5% in females and 0.5-1.6% in males. Because the ACR criteria are insensitive, the actual prevalence of fibromyalgia is higher, particularly in men. […] Fibromyalgia is the second most common disorder that rheumatologists encounter, seen in 15% of evaluated patients. Approximately 8% of patients cared for in primary care clinics have fibromyalgia. […] The annual economic burden of fibromyalgia in 2005 was $10,199 per patient per year, nearly double that of matched controls. It has been estimated that overall, fibromyalgia costs the US economy over $9 billion annually.
#12 Men with Fibromyalgia Often Go Undiagnosed, Mayo Clinic Study Suggests – Mayo Clinic News Network
https://newsnetwork.mayoclinic.org/discussion/men-with-fibromyalgia-often-go-undiagnosed-mayo-clinic-study-suggests/
Based on the study’s findings, the researchers estimate that 6.4 percent of people 21 and older in Olmsted County have fibromyalgia â far more than have been officially diagnosed with it. […] The discrepancy between the number of people reporting fibromyalgia symptoms and the number actually diagnosed with the condition was greatest among men, the study found. […] It is important to diagnose fibromyalgia because we have effective treatments for the disorder, says co-author Daniel Clauw, M.D., director of the University of Michigan Health System Chronic Pain & Fatigue Research Center. […] Studies also show that properly diagnosing people with fibromyalgia reduces health care costs, because they often need far less diagnostic testing and fewer referrals looking for the cause of their pain, Dr. Clauw says.
#13 SciELO Brazil – The prevalence of fibromyalgia in Brazil â a population-based study with secondary data of the study on chronic pain prevalence in Brazil The prevalence of fibromyalgia in Brazil â a population-based study with secondary data of the study
https://www.scielo.br/j/brjp/a/P4BYQRctt5MDZPRSQ8t7mCD/
The prevalence of the fibromyalgia syndrome has been estimated in some Brazilian cities and regions, and previous population-based studies investigating this prevalence, as well as the profile of medical consultations are unknown. […] The prevalence of the fibromyalgia syndrome was estimated in 2% of the Brazilian population, based on secondary data of a study on chronic pain prevalence in Brazil. […] The prevalence of FMS in the Brazilian population was 2% with a proportion of 1 man for every 5.5 women. […] Brazilian studies estimate the prevalence of FMS around 2.5%. […] The prevalence of fibromyalgia syndrome was estimated in 2% of the Brazilian population, through data secondary to a study of chronic pain prevalence.
#14 Musculoskeletal diseases: Fibromyalgia
https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/82-619-m/2006003/4144159-eng.htm
Fibromyalgia can develop in children; however, onset typically occurs during early to middle adulthood, and incidence increases with age. […] It is estimated that fibromyalgia affects 900,000 Canadians, or approximately 3% of the population. […] Women are estimated to be four to nine times more likely to develop the disease than men. […] Although there is currently no laboratory or diagnostic test for fibromyalgia, the American College of Rheumatology has developed a set of criteria, based on patient symptoms, to be used in clinical practice. […] Fibromyalgia has no known cure, and therefore must be managed as a chronic condition. […] In general, little treatment is required for individuals with mild symptoms (especially once they understand how to avoid actions that trigger/worsen their symptoms), whereas a comprehensive treatment regimen is necessary for individuals with more severe symptoms.
#15 Fibromyalgia: epidemiology and risk factors, a population-based case-control study in Damascus, Syria | BMC Rheumatology | Full Text
https://bmcrheumatol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s41927-022-00294-8
Fibromyalgia is a chronic disease with a high burden. We aim to be the first to investigate the prevalence of fibromyalgia (FM) in Syria and assess its risk factors. […] Out of 2966 participants, 350 (11.8%) satisfied the diagnostic criteria. […] Our study revealed one of the highest prevalence rates of fibromyalgia ever reported in the general population. […] Our study is the first, to our knowledge, to address FM prevalence and the basic characteristics of FM patients and to identify the risk factors in the general population in Damascus, Syria. Our results found that 350 (11.8%) have satisfied the ACR 2010 modified criteria of FM diagnosis, which represents one of the highest prevalence rates of FM in a general population. […] The impact of the war on the prevalence of FM was evident in a study conducted on Syrian female refugees in Jordan that revealed a prevalence of severe FM at about 30%.
#16 Prevalence of fibromyalgia in the Israeli population: a population-based study to estimate the prevalence of fibromyalgia in the Israeli population using the London Fibromyalgia Epidemiology Study Screening Questionnaire (LFESSQ)
https://www.clinexprheumatol.org/abstract.asp?a=5916
Fibromyalgia represents the tip of the iceberg of chronic pain in the general population. We have attempted to estimate the prevalence of fibromyalgia in the Israeli population, using the London Fibromyalgia Epidemiology Study Screening Questionnaire (LFESSQ), an instrument previously utilised in several European countries. The prevalence of fibromyalgia in the general population was estimated by applying the PPV to community subjects. In the community survey, 5.1% and 3.9% of individuals screened positive for the LFESSQ-4 and LFESSQ-6, respectively. The point prevalence of FMS in the Israeli general population was 2.6% (95%CI 1.73.4) when using LFESSQ-4 and 2.0% (95%CI 1.32.7) when using the LFESSQ-6 criteria. The prevalence of the fibromyalgia syndrome in the Israeli population is considerable and constitutes a significant health care issue. The prevalence is similar to that observed in other western populations. […] Based on this tool, over 25% of fibromyalgia cases appear to be among males, a proportion higher than generally appreciated.
#17 Fibromyalgia: A Review of the Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Multidisciplinary Treatment Strategies
https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/12/7/1543
In Asian countries, FM has been reported to have varying prevalence rates. In South Korea, the prevalence of fibromyalgia was found to be 1.7% of the population, with a higher prevalence in women. In China, a cross-sectional study reported a mean age of 49.4 years among patients with fibromyalgia, with a male-to-female ratio of 1:6.3. In Japan, a study found a mean age of 47.3 years among patients with fibromyalgia, with a male-to-female ratio of 1:8.1.
#17 Fibromyalgia: A Review of the Pathophysiological Mechanisms and Multidisciplinary Treatment Strategies
https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9059/12/7/1543
Fibromyalgia is a highly prevalent syndrome in the general population, being considered the third most common musculoskeletal condition, following lower back pain and osteoarthritis. The prevalence of fibromyalgia is a parameter that varies depending on the diagnostic criteria used for its detection. The most commonly used diagnostic criteria have been the 1990 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria and the 2010 ACR criteria, as well as the use of various questionnaires for assessment and diagnosis of fibromyalgia conducted in different countries worldwide, resulting in different estimated prevalence values by different studies. The estimated prevalence worldwide ranges from 2â3%. […] In a multicenter population-based study, a prevalence of 2.45% was obtained in a Spanish adult sample, similar to the rate for the whole of Europe which was 2.64%. This study also observed that fibromyalgia is more common in women, with a mean age range of 60â69 years, and is primarily characterized by low socioeconomic status. This syndrome is more common in women than in men, occurring in three women for every man. The age range in which it typically appears is between 30 and 35 years, although its peak prevalence is reached at between 50 and 60 years.
#18 Fibromyalgia | PM&R KnowledgeNow
https://now.aapmr.org/fibromyalgia/
FM is one of the most common musculoskeletal disorders with unknown cause and the second most common rheumatologic disease, after osteoarthritis. While earlier studies reported the estimated prevalence among the general population was as high as 8%, more recent epidemiological data suggests that the prevalence is closer to 2-4%. Prevalence of disease is difficult to ascertain as there are multiple tools of diagnoses in addition to ACR criteria, such as the Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire (FIQ), International classification of Disease (ICD), and the London Fibromyalgia Epidemiology Study Screening Questionnaire (LFESSQ). […] […] FM is more common among women than men, although not to the degree that was previously reported. Studies using the 2010/2011 American College of Rheumatology (ACR) criteria in the diagnosis of FM suggest a 2:1 female-to-male ratio. In contrast, gender prevalence studies using the original 1990 ACR criteria suggested closer to a 9:1 female-to-male ratio estimating prevalence up to 13% in women, which was largely thought to be due to its sole reliance on tender point assessment. There are some hypotheses that FM is more common in women due to increased gender prevalence of anxiety and depression, differing behavioral response in response to pain, and menstrual cycle-related changes in CNS input and hormonal effects. […]
#19 Fibromyalgia epidemiology and demographics – wikidoc
https://www.wikidoc.org/index.php/Fibromyalgia_epidemiology_and_demographics
The prevalence of fibromyalgia in the United States was reported to range from 500-5,000 per 100,000 persons. Females are more commonly affected than males with a ratio of 9:1. People from ages 20 to 50 are more commonly affected. Fibromyalgia has no racial predilection. […] The prevalence of fibromyalgia in the United States was reported to range from 500-5,000 per 100,000 persons. […] Females are more commonly affected than males with a ratio of 9:1. […] People between ages 20 and 50 are more commonly affected with fibromyalgia. […] Fibromyalgia has no racial predilection.
#20 Azthena logo with the word Azthena
https://www.news-medical.net/health/Fibromyalgia-Epidemiology.aspx
Fibromyalgia has a worldwide presence affecting nearly 1 in 20 people globally. In the United States nearly 210% of the general population of all ages are affected by this condition. In England and Wales there are nearly 1.76 million adults with the condition. In the United States nearly 5.0 million adults have been diagnosed with the condition. […] The numbers are much higher in women than in men. Although men may be affected by this condition, women are seen to be seven times more likely to develop fibromyalgia. […] While in females the prevalence of the condition is 3.4%, among men it is 0.5%. […] The condition develops commonly between 30 and 60 years of age but may affect children and the elderly. Most people are diagnosed during middle age and the numbers tend to rise with rising age in the population.
#21 Epidemiology â GPnotebook
https://gpnotebook.com/en-IE/pages/rheumatology/fibromyalgia-syndrome-fms/epidemiology
The prevalence of fibromyalgia might be as high as 2-7% in developed countries (1). […] not all of these people have fibromyalgia and when consensus classification criteria for fibromyalgia published by the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) in 1990 is used the population prevalence was around 2% (2) […] a study done using a questionnaire prepared according to the new American College of Rheumatology Preliminary Diagnostic Criteria for Fibromyalgia (ACR 2010) the prevalence of fibromyalgia in Germany was 2.1% and 6.4% in Minnesota, USA (2) […] in the Minnesota population survey, 7.7% of women and 4.9% of men fulfilled ACR 2010 criteria for fibromyalgia […] but only 27% of these people had been diagnosed with the condition making the prevalence of medically diagnosed fibromyalgia 2% in women but only 0.15% in men (2)
#22 Fibromyalgia diagnosis and biased assessment: Sex, prevalence and bias | PLOS One
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0203755
Multiple clinical and epidemiological studies have provided estimates of fibromyalgia prevalence and sex ratio, but different criteria sets and methodology, as well as bias, have led to widely varying (0.4%-11%) estimates of prevalence and female predominance (90% to 61%). […] The perception of fibromyalgia as almost exclusively (90%) a women’s disorder is not supported by data in unbiased studies. […] Using validated self-report criteria and unbiased selection, the female proportion of fibromyalgia cases was 60% in the unbiased studies, and the observed CritFM prevalence of fibromyalgia in the GPS was ~2%. […] Studies done using ClinFM diagnosis are ClinFM studies, as they are inherently biased. […] The validity, reliability and sources of bias in fibromyalgia diagnosis are important concerns, as diagnosis based on bias could lead to inappropriate labeling and care, misunderstanding of the nature of the disorder, and wrong estimates of prevalence and measures of clinical outcome.
#23 Fibromyalgia diagnosis and biased assessment: Sex, prevalence and bias | PLOS One
https://journals.plos.org/plosone/article?id=10.1371/journal.pone.0203755
The results of this study show that in a general population survey or in a sample unbiased by fibromyalgia selection by physicians, 60% or fewer subjects will be women. […] As unbiased epidemiological studies show only a small increase in the female to male sex ratio (~1.5:1) as opposed to the observed ratio in clinical studies of 9:1, we believe that the over-identification of fibromyalgia in women and the consequent under-identification of men is the result of bias. […] The two key biases in fibromyalgia diagnosis and diagnostic studies are selection bias and confirmation bias. […] Therefore we recommend the use of the 2016 self-report criteria for CritFM and as an aid to diagnosis in ClinFM.
#24 Azthena logo with the word Azthena
https://www.news-medical.net/health/Fibromyalgia-Epidemiology.aspx
Women in their child bearing age between 20 and 55 are most vulnerable and likely to get this condition. This is also an active working age for women. […] Statistics show that women affected at these age brackets are 10 times less likely to return to work and 4 times less likely to retain work 1 year after hospitalization for fibromyalgia. […] Fibromyalgia is associated with loss of productivity and also lower perception of well being and quality of life among patients. […] When assessed for quality of life (self assessed), an average score of 4.8 is seen (1 = low to 10 = highest). In addition adult patients with fibromyalgia are 3.4 times more likely to have major depression than those without fibromyalgia. […] People with fibromyalgia are more likely to be hospitalized frequently. On an average they may be facing 1 hospitalization every 3 years. Women have higher hospitalization rates than men.
#25 Azthena logo with the word Azthena
https://www.news-medical.net/health/Fibromyalgia-Epidemiology.aspx
In addition fibromyalgia results in around 5.5 million visits to the doctors office every year. There is a high level of associated symptoms that may range in severity from mild to severely debilitating. These necessitate hospital and doctors office visits. […] There is little difference among mortality or death rates among patients with fibromyalgia and those who do not have the condition. Death risks may rise due to associated factors such as suicidal tendencies due to depression or death due to injuries etc.
#26 Fibromyalgia: Prevalence and Burden of Disease Among Active Component Service Fibromyalgia: Prevalence and Burden of Disease Among Active Component Service Members, U.S. Armed Forces, 2018 | Health.mil
https://health.mil/News/Articles/2020/11/01/Fibromyalgia-MSMR-2020?type=All
Fibromyalgia: Prevalence and Burden of Disease Among Active Component Service Members, U.S. Armed Forces, 2018 […] The prevalence of fibromyalgia (FM) among the active component of the U.S. Armed Forces has not been evaluated since the change from ICD-9 to ICD-10 diagnosis coding, which allows for more accurate capture of FM diagnoses. The estimated prevalence of FM was 0.15% in calendar year 2018. […] Although the prevalence of FM was low in this study population, the high number of health care encounters per affected individual constitute a relatively large burden of disease. The average number of encounters per patient per year was 57 (range=1263). This clearly presents a significant concern for the readiness and performance of these patients. […] This report uses routinely collected data in the Defense Medical Surveillance System (DMSS) to characterize the prevalence and burden of fibromyalgia (FM) among members of the active component of the U.S. Armed Forces of FM was 0.15%. […] The average number of medical encounters per FM patient per year was 57 (median 38, LQ=21, UQ=66, range=1263) compared to an average of 13 in the total patient population. […] The burden of FM disease poses clear readiness and retention concerns. […] In 2018, a total of 1,955 active component service members met the case definition for FM. This count of cases represents a total prevalence of 0.15%. Prevalence increased linearly with age from 0.042% in the 17-24 age group to 0.52% in the 45+ age group. […] The prevalence of FM in non-Hispanic blacks (0.245%) was 2 times higher than that in the non-Hispanic white (0.12%) population, and prevalence was very similar between whites and Asian/Pacific Islanders (0.11%). […] The trend of increasing prevalence with age in the active component is similar to that seen in the U.S. civilian population. […] There is a marked difference in the distribution of mental health diagnoses between the FM patient population and the total active component. Mental health diagnoses comprise twice the percentage of encounters in the FM population compared to the total active component. […] These comorbidities pose a substantial burden to the readiness of these patients.
#27 Clinical Features, Socio-cultural Characteristics, Sleep Patterns, and Depression in Fibromyalgia Patients from India: A Cross-Sectional Study
https://openrheumatologyjournal.com/VOLUME/17/ELOCATOR/e18743129267713/FULLTEXT/
Fibromyalgia (FM) is a complex and chronic disease with significant regional variation. There is a lack of studies on Fibromyalgia (FM) in Indian population. […] The aim of this study is to investigate the clinical features of FM patients in India, including the prevalence and distribution of comorbidities, sleep patterns, and depression. […] Sleep disturbances and depression were found in the significant number of patients with FM. […] The high prevalence of psychological comorbidities and sleep disturbances highlights their importance in managing FM patients. […] Our study highlights the high prevalence of sleep disorders and other chronic psychological comorbidities, including depression and obsessive compulsive behaviour, among Indian patients with FM. Presence of moderate to severe depression was associated with the severity of FM. […] Our study contributes to the growing body of knowledge on the epidemiology and management of FM worldwide, providing valuable information on the clinical features of FM in India.
#28 POS0012âEPIDEMIOLOGY OF FIBROMYALGIA HOSPITALIZATIONS IN THE UNITED STATES | Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases
https://ard.bmj.com/content/80/Suppl_1/208.2
Fibromyalgia is a chronic pain syndrome that is associated with protean symptoms including musculoskeletal pain, psychiatric symptoms, cognitive dysfunction, memory difficulty, and sleep disturbance. […] We aim to characterize the epidemiology of hospitalized patients with diagnosis of fibromyalgia. […] Of 1,351,234 patients with fibromyalgia identified, 437,145 were admitted in 2016 increasing to 461,820 in 2018. […] The most common rheumatologic comorbidities were rheumatoid arthritis (142,195, 10.5%), lupus (69,980, 5.2%), and inflammatory bowel disease (38,165, 2.2%). […] The yearly number of fibromyalgia hospital discharges were greater than previously described. This may be a result of a more sensitive classification criteria. Further investigation into the etiology of this increase in fibromyalgia hospitalization diagnosis is warranted.
#29 Fibromyalgia: epidemiology and risk factors, a population-based case-control study in Damascus, Syria | BMC Rheumatology | Full Text
https://bmcrheumatol.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s41927-022-00294-8
Our study shows that females have greater odds to have FM (OR=1.31), which goes in line with the literature. […] Major depressive disorder (OR=2.62) is associated with a higher likelihood of FM. […] Gastrointestinal comorbidities are also common in FM patients. We found that IBS patients had a higher likelihood (OR=1.8) of having FM. […] FM appears to be a very common disease in Damascus, Syria. The lack of knowledge regarding the disease has resulted in many patients suffering due to the lack of recognition of the disease by patients and physicians alike.
#30 Fibromyalgia: epidemiology and risk factors, a population-based case-control study in Lebanon
https://scholarworks.aub.edu.lb/handle/10938/28152
Aim: To investigate the epidemiology of fibromyalgia (FM) and assess its risk factors. […] Results: The 34 female FM cases were prevalent cases which existed for a long period of time and all those who consulted a doctor were previously misdiagnosed. Family history of joint problems (OR = 4.93, 95% CI: 1.5615.58) and working status (OR = 2.69, 95% CI: 1.046.93) were significant risk factors for FM, after adjusting for body mass index, distress level, smoking status and residence location. […] Conclusion: This was the first study to address the epidemiology of FM in Lebanon and the region. The chronic nature of FM that is characterized by frequent bouts of intense disabling pain and symptoms constitutes a significant health and economic burden. The high burden of FM found in our study calls for further investigation of potential risk factors of this condition.
#31 Fibromyalgia | PM&R KnowledgeNow
https://now.aapmr.org/fibromyalgia/
Demographic and social factors with increased association with FM include female gender, lower educational level, lower household income, divorced status, obesity, physical trauma, negative life events, middle age, and history of disability. First-degree relatives of affected patients are more likely to have FM or other types of chronic pain syndromes. Twin studies show risk of fibromyalgia to be 50% genetic, 50% environmental. FM has been associated with epigenetic changes characterized by hypomethylation of genes involve with stress response, DNA repair, and autonomic system response. […]
#32
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11916-003-0035-z
Chronic widespread pain, the cardinal symptom of fibromyalgia (FM), is common in the general population, with comparable prevalence rates of 7.3% to 12.9% across different countries. The prevalence of FM in the general population was reported to range from 0.5% to 5% and up to 15.7% in the clinic. […] A high prevalence of FM was demonstrated among relatives of patients with FM and it may be attributed to genetic and environmental factors.
#33 Fibromyalgia | AAFP
https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2007/0715/p247.html
Fibromyalgia is a common rheumatologic disorder that is underdiagnosed. Using the 1990 ACR classification criteria, the prevalence of fibromyalgia in the general population of the United States is reported to be 3.4 percent in women and 0.5 percent in men. Prevalence increases steadily through 80 years of age, and then declines. This condition affects women 10 times more often than men. Fibromyalgia is usually considered a disorder of women 20 to 50 years of age; however, it also has been observed in males, children, adolescents, and older persons. Fibromyalgia is more common in relatives of patients with fibromyalgia, suggesting the contribution of both genetic and environmental factors. […] Demographic and social characteristics associated with the presence of fibromyalgia are female sex, being divorced, failing to complete high school, and low income. Psychological factors associated with this syndrome include somatization disorder, anxiety, and personal or family history of depression. […]
#34 Fibromyalgia Outcomes Over Time: Results from a Prospective Observational Study in the United States
https://openrheumatologyjournal.com/VOLUME/10/PAGE/109/FULLTEXT/
Fibromyalgia is also associated with burden on payers and employers with respect to healthcare resource use, lost productivity, and associated costs. […] A study conducted in the US reported that two-thirds of the fibromyalgia sample indicated that their symptoms were a little to a lot better, 10% reported no change, and a quarter of the sample reported that they were a little to a lot worse at the 10-year interview than when they were first diagnosed. […] Previous studies have also reported that a portion (20%-44%) of diagnosed patients no longer met the study definition of fibromyalgia years after diagnosis. […] The majority of patients was obese (body mass index [BMI] 30 kg/m2) at both assessments. […] Overall mean scores for general and disease-specific PROs reflect continued high levels of disease burden in this sample.
#35 Fibromyalgia Outcomes Over Time: Results from a Prospective Observational Study in the United States
https://openrheumatologyjournal.com/VOLUME/10/PAGE/109/FULLTEXT/
Longitudinal research on outcomes of patients with fibromyalgia is limited. […] Given the paucity of published US studies on outcomes among patients with fibromyalgia over time, as well as the variation in reported results, this study followed fibromyalgia patients for approximately 2 years to assess clinician and patient-reported outcomes over time. […] Fibromyalgia generally presents in middle age and most commonly affects women; estimates of fibromyalgia prevalence range from 0.66% in Denmark (females and males) to 10.5% in Norway (females only), with a recent study estimating prevalence to be 6.4% in the United States (US; females and males). […] Previous cross-sectional research has shown that fibromyalgia places a substantial burden on patients with respect to symptoms, loss of function and productivity, and decreased health-related quality of life.
#36 Parliamentary question | Fibromyalgia | E-005826/2017 | European Parliament
https://www.europarl.europa.eu/doceo/document/E-8-2017-005826_EN.html
Fibromyalgia is a rheumatic condition affecting mainly the muscles, ligaments and tendons. It causes chronic pain, sleep problems, morning stiffness and fatigue, frequently leaving sufferers unable to continue working and resulting in depression. Research shows that 1-3% of the general population suffers from the disease. In Europe, one-fifth of those affected are incapable of paid employment. […] The European Network of Fibromyalgia Associations (ENFA) represents patients in Europe and, according to a survey carried out in 2014, 25% of sufferers are not receiving the appropriate treatment.
#37 Fibromyalgia among University Students: A Vulnerable Population | MJR – Mediterranean Journal of Rheumatology
http://mjrheum.org/dec-2022/newsid792/428/showfulltext792/1/showreferences792/1
Fibromyalgia (FM) is a common idiopathic musculoskeletal disorder characterized by widespread pain and multiple cognitive and somatic symptoms. The prevalence of FM differs depending on the selected population, the applied diagnostic criteria, and the prevalence of risk factors. For example, whenever the 1990, 2010, and modified 2010 criteria were applied, the average worldwide prevalence obtained was 1.7% (95% confidence interval [95% CI] 0.7-2.8), 1.2% (95% CI 0.3-2.1), and 5.4% (95% CI 4.7-6.1), respectively. […] Approximately half of the university student body experiences significant levels of stress in the form of anxiety and/or depression. These factors make university students vulnerable to an increased risk of developing FM. […] The prevalence of FM among the population was 25 (13.6%).
#38 Prevalence of Fibromyalgia: A PopulationâBased Study in Olmsted County, Minnesota, Utilizing the Rochester Epidemiology Project
https://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/handle/2027.42/97488
Objective To estimate and compare the prevalence of fibromyalgia by 2 different methods in Olmsted County, Minnesota. […] The first method was a retrospective review of medical records of potential cases of fibromyalgia in Olmsted County using the Rochester Epidemiology Project (from January 1, 2005, to December 31, 2009) to estimate the prevalence of diagnosed fibromyalgia in clinical practice. […] The age and sex-adjusted prevalence of diagnosed fibromyalgia by this method was 1.1%. […] The age and sex-adjusted prevalence of fibromyalgia in the general population of Olmsted County by this method was estimated at 6.4%. […] This is also the first report of prevalence as assessed by the fibromyalgia research survey criteria. […] Our results suggest that patients, particularly men, who meet the fibromyalgia research survey criteria are unlikely to have been given a diagnosis of fibromyalgia.
#39 Progression of fibromyalgia: results from a 2-year observational fibro | JPR
https://www.dovepress.com/progression-of-fibromyalgia-results-from-a-2-year-observational-fibrom-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-JPR
Background: A previous fibromyalgia (FM) research reports that 20%47% of diagnosed patients may not meet the study definition of FM 12 years after diagnosis. The aim of this study was to gain a better understanding of the progression of FM in a geographically diverse cohort over a 2-year time period. […] The results suggest that some FM+CWP+ patients experience fluctuation in symptoms over time, which may reflect the waxing and waning nature of FM and affect diagnosis and treatment. […] Given the variability in published findings on the progression of FM over time, the aim of this study was to gain a better understanding of the fluctuations of FM in a geographically diverse cohort over a 2-year time period. […] Our results support previous research, which suggests that while FM is a chronic illness, there may be waxing and waning of symptoms, as well as a portion of subjects who experience improvements following diagnosis and treatment.
#40 Fibromyalgia Outcomes Over Time: Results from a Prospective Observational Study in the United States
https://openrheumatologyjournal.com/VOLUME/10/PAGE/109/FULLTEXT/
However, scores on several PROs suggest variability in terms of changes from Baseline to Follow-up. […] Taken together, these findings support the conclusions of previous research, which suggests that while fibromyalgia is a chronic illness, there may be waxing and waning of symptoms, as well as a portion of patients who experience improvements following diagnosis and treatment. […] Fibromyalgia patients continued to report high levels of disease burden, on average, in terms of pain and health status approximately 2 years after the Baseline assessment. […] There was variability among patients in clinician and patient-reported outcomes, with few significant differences observed over time.
#41 Progression of fibromyalgia: results from a 2-year observational fibro | JPR
https://www.dovepress.com/progression-of-fibromyalgia-results-from-a-2-year-observational-fibrom-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-JPR
The results suggest that some patients may experience fluctuation in symptoms, such as pain, physical function, and sleep over time, which may reflect the waxing and waning nature of FM. These findings suggest a need for further research to better understand the type of patients who transition into or out of the FM+CWP+ group.
#42
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11916-013-0356-5
Studying the epidemiology of fibromyalgia (FM) is very important to understand the impact of this disorder on persons, families and society. […] This article reviews the prevalence and incidence studies done in the general population, in several countries/continents, the prevalence of FM in special groups/settings, the association of FM with some sociodemographic characteristics of the population, and the comorbidity of FM with others disorders, especially with headaches. […] A recent epidemiological study, using the 2010 ACR diagnostic criteria for FM. […] A large, nationwide epidemiological study of FM in Germany, using the 2010 ACR diagnostic criteria for FM. […] A large, nationwide epidemiological study of FM in France, Germany, Italy, Portugal, and Spain. […] A large study about the association of some primary headaches with FM. […] A large study of the migraine comorbidity, including FM, in twin cohort of Denmark.
#43 Men with Fibromyalgia Often Go Undiagnosed, Mayo Clinic Study Suggests – Mayo Clinic News Network
https://newsnetwork.mayoclinic.org/discussion/men-with-fibromyalgia-often-go-undiagnosed-mayo-clinic-study-suggests/
Fibromyalgia is a complex illness to diagnose and to treat. There is not yet a diagnostic test to establish that someone has it, there is no cure and many fibromyalgia symptoms â pain, fatigue, problems sleeping and memory and mood issues â can overlap with or get mistaken for other conditions. A new Mayo Clinic study suggests that many people who have fibromyalgia, especially men, are going undiagnosed. […] More research is needed, particularly on why men who reported fibromyalgia symptoms were less likely than women to receive a fibromyalgia diagnosis, says lead author Ann Vincent, M.D., medical director of Mayo Clinic’s Fibromyalgia and Chronic Fatigue Clinic. […] Researchers focused on Olmsted County, Minn., home to a comprehensive medical records pool known as the Rochester Epidemiology Project, and used multiple methods to try to get at the number of people over age 21 with fibromyalgia.
#44
https://www.ajol.info/index.php/ajr/article/view/205494
Fibromyalgia is a complex disorder which presents with chronic widespread musculoskeletal pain, together with other symptoms like fatigue, sleep disturbances and cognitive disturbance. […] It is known to occur more commonly in females than males. This study set out to look at these differences in terms of epidemiology and gender differences. […] Fibromyalgia is a commonly occurring rheumatologic condition. Gender differences exist with regard to epidemiology, clinical presentation and health seeking behaviors. Population based studies would be of use to establish the prevalence in Africa. More studies would be necessary to explain the gender differences noted in the many aspects of the disease including response to treatment.