Materiały źródłowe

• #1 Sleep Apnea: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/8718-sleep-apnea

  You cant prevent all causes of sleep apnea. But you can take steps to reduce your risk by: […] Reaching and maintaining a weight thats healthy for you […] Eating nutritious foods and participating in regular physical activities […] Practicing good sleep hygiene (like setting a regular bedtime and turning off electronics) […] Managing any existing health conditions, like high cholesterol, high blood pressure and Type 2 diabetes […] Seeing your healthcare provider at least once a year for a check-up […] Avoiding smoking and drinking beverages that contain alcohol.

• #2 Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA): Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/24443-obstructive-sleep-apnea-osa

  You cant prevent all cases of OSA. But you can take steps to reduce your risk and improve your overall sleep by: […] Eating nutritious foods and participating in regular physical activities […] Maintaining a healthy weight […] Practicing good sleep hygiene (like setting a bedtime routine and turning off electronic devices before bed) […] Managing any existing health conditions, such as high cholesterol, high blood pressure and Type 2 diabetes […] Not smoking and not drinking beverages that contain alcohol before bed […] Seeing your healthcare provider annually for a check-up.

• #3 How To Prevent Sleep Apnea

  https://www.health.com/sleep-apnea-prevention-7095701

  Sleep apnea is a condition that stops and restarts your breathing while you sleep, causing your airway to collapse or become blocked. […] However, you can make lifestyle changes that reduce your risk of developing the condition. These include getting regular exercise and avoiding alcohol and smoking. […] Healthcare providers recommend lifestyle changes to reduce your risk of sleep apnea. Some of these lifestyle habits might be big changes. […] Taking steps to lose weight, such as getting your body moving more and eating a nutritious diet that is right for you can help lower your obesityand thus, also decrease your risk of sleep apnea. […] In general, studies have found that quitting smoking is linked to improved sleep quality and decreased risk of sleep apnea, especially after nicotine withdrawal symptoms recede.

• #4 Summary of Recommendations – Interventions for the Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults: Recommendations – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK487359/

  Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by a narrowing and collapse of the upper airway during sleep. The major symptoms include snoring, unrefreshing sleep, excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), lack of concentration, impaired memory, and lower quality of life. Aging, the male sex, and obesity are the main risk factors for OSA. Untreated OSA is associated with motor vehicle accidents, cardiovascular disease, stroke, hypertension, diabetes, cognitive dysfunction, and all-cause mortality. […] The goal of treatment of OSA is to reduce the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) an index used to indicate the severity of sleep apnea increase blood oxygen levels, and improve cardiorespiratory indicators. For patients with mild or asymptomatic OSA, lifestyle interventions such as exercise programs, diet changes, and positional therapies may be an option for treatment before proceeding to other interventions.

• #5 Treatments for obstructive sleep apnea: CPAP and beyond | Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine

  https://www.ccjm.org/content/90/12/755

  Treatment options for obstructive sleep apnea include positive airway pressure and alternatives such as behavioral interventions, oral appliances, nasal expiratory positive airway pressure, negative pressure interventions, and surgical procedures. Certain drugs are also promising. An important aspect of the treatment includes troubleshooting the reasons for poor adherence to positive airway pressure treatment, discussing alternatives based either on individual preference or on phenotypic characterization of the sleep apnea, and managing expectations. […] Therapy usually includes weight loss, exercise, positional therapy, and alcohol avoidance as adjuncts to CPAP, while other conservative treatments can be alternatives to it. […] The body mass index is an important predictor of obstructive sleep apnea and figures prominently in prediction scales. Conversely, in a longitudinal study, a 10% weight loss predicted a 26% decrease in AHI. Weight loss decreases the collapsibility of the airway as measured by the pharyngeal critical closing pressure, with near-complete resolution of apnea when the pharyngeal critical closing pressure drops below 4 cm H2O.

• #6 6 Home Remedies for Sleep Apnea: What Works?

  https://www.healthline.com/health/home-remedies-for-sleep-apnea

  Some alternative treatments, including weight loss and changing your sleeping position, may help relieve obstructive sleep apnea and improve your sleep. […] Doctors commonly recommend people with sleep apnea to lose weight. Obesity, specifically in the upper body, can increase the risk of airway obstruction and narrow nasal passages. These obstructions can cause you to stop breathing suddenly or for lengths of time while sleeping. Maintaining a healthy weight can keep your airways clear and reduce sleep apnea symptoms. Research shows that modest weight reduction in people with obesity can eliminate the need for upper airway surgery or long-term CPAP therapy. […] Regular exercise can increase your energy level, strengthen your heart, and improve sleep apnea. Yoga can specifically improve your respiratory strength and encourage oxygen flow.

• #7 How To Prevent Sleep Apnea

  https://www.health.com/sleep-apnea-prevention-7095701

  Refraining from drinking alcohol can help reduce your risks for sleep apnea. […] Sleeping on your side or on your stomach can also help reduce your sleep apnea risk. […] Engaging in three to five exercise sessions for 45 to 60 minutes per week can reduce your risk of developing sleep apnea. […] Preventive efforts include maintaining a healthy weight, exercising regularly, and sleeping on your side or stomach.

• #8 Sleep apnea – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/sleep-apnea/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20377636

  Exercise. Regular exercise can help ease the symptoms of obstructive sleep apnea even without weight loss. Try to get 30 minutes of moderate activity, such as a brisk walk, most days of the week. […] Avoid alcohol and certain medicines such as tranquilizers and sleeping pills. These relax the muscles in the back of your throat, interfering with breathing. […] Sleep on your side or abdomen rather than on your back. Sleeping on your back can cause your tongue and soft palate to rest against the back of your throat and block your airway. To keep from rolling onto your back while you sleep, try attaching a tennis ball to the back of your pajama top. There are also commercial devices that vibrate when you roll onto your back in sleep. […] Don’t smoke. If you’re a smoker, look for resources to help you quit.

• #9 Treating and Managing Sleep Apnea | American Lung Association

  https://www.lung.org/lung-health-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/sleep-apnea/treating-and-managing

  There are several ways to treat sleep apnea. No matter what treatment you choose, your healthcare provider may want you to do a follow-up sleep study to make sure your sleep apnea is well managed. […] Oral appliances are dental devices that assist in preventing your airway from being blocked. These devices are most effective in treating mild to moderate sleep apnea and may include mandibular repositioning mouthpieces or tongue retaining devices. You need to have a follow-up sleep study while using the device to see if it is effective. […] Your healthcare provider often will recommend that you make some lifestyle changes along with other treatments. […] Losing just 10% of your body weight can improve your sleep apnea. Sometimes losing weight may even cure sleep apnea. […] Stopping drinking alcohol at least four hours before bed and avoiding sedative medications such as sleeping pills may help your sleep apnea.

• #10 Treatments for obstructive sleep apnea: CPAP and beyond | Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine

  https://www.ccjm.org/content/90/12/755

  CPAP adherence was poor after bariatric surgery in another study, with patients using their machines on a median of only 49% of nights. […] Glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists curb appetite and hunger, reduce food release from the stomach, promote postprandial fullness, and have been highly effective in promoting weight loss. They also decrease the AHI by 6 episodes per hour more than with placebo in 1 study. […] Positional therapy uses a variety of devices or garments to keep patients off of their back at night, such as pajama tops with a lump or a tennis ball sewn into the back. […] In meta-analyses, the prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea was 25% higher in people who consumed alcohol, the duration of apnea was longer, and the nadir oxygen saturation was lower. […] No drug is currently approved or in common use for managing obstructive sleep apnea, and a Cochrane review from 2013 found insufficient evidence to recommend any drug for it.

• #11 Treating and Managing Sleep Apnea | American Lung Association

  https://www.lung.org/lung-health-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/sleep-apnea/treating-and-managing

  This may improve your sleep apnea because cigarette smoke can cause inflammation that narrows your airways. […] Sleeping on your back may make your sleep apnea worse. Use a pillow to assist with sleeping on your side. […] If you have sleep apnea, you and your healthcare provider will want to work together to determine how best to manage your condition. Effective treatment should help you to feel more alert, rested, and have a decrease in other symptoms such as snoring and nighttime wakefulness. […] It is important to use your prescribed breathing device or oral appliance every time you sleep, but it may take you a while to adjust. […] If you use a breathing device to treat sleep apnea, you need to regularly clean the device and replace the supplies. […] If you had surgery to treat sleep apnea, you may need a follow-up sleep study to make sure your sleep apnea has improved.

• #12 Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Pharmacologic Therapy, Nasal CPAP Therapy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/295807-treatment

  Patients should restrict their body positions during sleep. SDB is worse in the supine position, and some patients have apnea only in this position. Preventing the patient from assuming the supine position by using devices such as a snore ball (eg, a tennis ball sewn onto the back of the patients pajamas) or a gravity-activated position monitor may be useful. However, these devices are cumbersome and appear to benefit only those patients with mild OSA. […] Patients with marked obesity may benefit from sleeping in an upright position. Additionally, the FDA has approved a specially designed pillow (PillowPositive) for the treatment of snoring and mild OSA, which maintains the patients head and neck position during sleep to optimize UA patency. […] Patients should avoid smoking. Smoking increases the risk of snoring and apnea. Smoking cessation appears to decrease the risk. Individuals who smoke are also more likely than those who do not smoke to report problems with going to sleep, maintaining sleep, and daytime somnolence. […] Patients should avoid drinking alcohol and using other sedatives known to make apnea worse. Finally, patients should avoid sleep deprivation.

• #13 Patient education: Sleep apnea in adults (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/sleep-apnea-in-adults-beyond-the-basics

  Avoiding alcohol and other sedatives — Alcohol can worsen sleepiness, increasing the risk of accidents or injury. People with OSA are often counseled to drink little to no alcohol, even during the daytime. Similarly, people who take anti-anxiety medications or sedatives to sleep should speak with their healthcare provider about the impact of these medications on sleep apnea. […] If you have OSA, you will need to notify other healthcare providers, including surgeons, about your condition and the potential risks of being sedated. People with OSA who are given perioperative anesthesia and/or pain medications require special management and close monitoring to reduce the risk of a blocked airway. […] […] Other treatments — While behavioral changes and CPAP are typically recommended as initial therapy for people with OSA, other treatments may be used in some situations.

• #14 Treatment for Obstructive Sleep Apnea | SleepApnea.org

  https://www.sleepapnea.org/treatment/?srsltid=AfmBOooMfL6t4-4e9k5O95-pu4xeyVFiD4t1Uva8qpOLABvcfsE44Pn0

  Reduce weight: Studies show that people who are overweight or obese see improvements in their OSA if they lose weight. Because many factors influence weight, including genetics, sustained weight loss can be challenging. However, some people are able to lose weight through diet, exercise, medication, or surgery. […] Avoid alcohol: Consuming alcohol can cause obstructive breathing events to last longer and happen more frequently. People with OSA may be advised to avoid alcohol entirely. Those who do choose to drink alcohol should avoid consuming it in the hours before bedtime. […] Avoid sedatives: Similar to alcohol, sedatives can make OSA symptoms worse. Talk to your doctor about whether any medications you’re taking could aggravate your OSA, especially any that treat depression or anxiety. If appropriate, your doctor may prescribe alternative medications.

• #15 Treatment for Obstructive Sleep Apnea | SleepApnea.org

  https://www.sleepapnea.org/treatment/?srsltid=AfmBOooMfL6t4-4e9k5O95-pu4xeyVFiD4t1Uva8qpOLABvcfsE44Pn0

  Avoid back sleeping: Back sleeping can worsen OSA. If this proves difficult, your doctor might suggest wearing a device around your chest or neck that vibrates when you lie on your back. […] Get exercise: Some research suggests that exercise may improve OSA symptoms, even when it doesn’t lead to weight loss. […] Although positive airway pressure (PAP) therapy and lifestyle changes are the first-line treatments for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), an oral appliance might be recommended if PAP treatment is not working or very uncomfortable. Additionally, oral appliances may be useful during travel, since they are highly portable and do not require electricity. […] Similar to oral appliances, surgery for obstructive sleep apnea is usually a second-line therapy that is recommended when a patient does not respond well to lifestyle changes and positive airway pressure therapy. Generally, surgery doesn’t completely resolve OSA, although it can improve symptoms for the long term.

• #16 6 Home Remedies for Sleep Apnea: What Works?

  https://www.healthline.com/health/home-remedies-for-sleep-apnea

  Though a small change, altering your sleep position can reduce sleep apnea symptoms and improve your nights rest. […] Lifestyle changes can improve your health and encourage better sleeping habits. Consider quitting smoking and limiting your alcohol intake to reduce sleep apnea complications. […] Oral appliances can help with sleep apnea by repositioning your jaw or tongue to keep your airway open while you sleep. […] Some home remedies and lifestyle changes for sleep apnea can reduce symptoms. However, traditional treatments shouldn’t be ignored. Prescribed medications and sometimes surgery are part of the necessary approaches to treat this condition.

• #17 Sleep Apnea – Treatment | NHLBI, NIH

  https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/sleep-apnea/treatment

  If a sleep study shows that you have sleep apnea, your healthcare provider may talk to you about making lifelong healthy lifestyle changes. You may also benefit from a positive airway pressure or oral device, or other treatments to keep your airways open while you sleep. […] To help treat your sleep apnea, healthy lifestyle changes can be very effective. These include getting regular physical activity, maintaining healthy sleeping habits and a healthy weight, limiting alcohol and caffeine intake, and quitting smoking. Your provider may also recommend that you sleep on your side not on your back as this can help keep your airway open while you sleep. […] PAP machines often work best when they are paired with healthy lifestyle changes. […] If you have sleep apnea, your provider may prescribe an oral device if you do not want to use or cannot tolerate a CPAP machine. […] Exercises for your mouth and facial muscles, called orofacial therapy, may also be an effective treatment for sleep apnea in children and adults. This therapy helps to strengthen and reposition the tongue and muscles that control your lips, tongue, upper airway, and face.

• #18 Obstructive sleep apnea – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/obstructive-sleep-apnea/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20352095

  In many cases, self-care may be the most appropriate way for you to deal with obstructive sleep apnea. Try these tips: Lose weight. If you’re overweight or obese, even moderate weight loss may help relieve constriction of your airway. Losing weight also can improve your health and quality of life and might reduce your daytime sleepiness. […] Try to sleep on your side. Most forms of obstructive sleep apnea are milder when you sleep on your side. […] Don’t drink alcohol close to bedtime. Alcohol makes obstructive sleep apnea worse.

• #19 Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Pharmacologic Therapy, Nasal CPAP Therapy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/295807-treatment

  Patients should restrict their body positions during sleep. SDB is worse in the supine position, and some patients have apnea only in this position. Preventing the patient from assuming the supine position by using devices such as a snore ball (eg, a tennis ball sewn onto the back of the patients pajamas) or a gravity-activated position monitor may be useful. However, these devices are cumbersome and appear to benefit only those patients with mild OSA. […] Patients with marked obesity may benefit from sleeping in an upright position. Additionally, the FDA has approved a specially designed pillow (PillowPositive) for the treatment of snoring and mild OSA, which maintains the patients head and neck position during sleep to optimize UA patency. […] Patients should avoid smoking. Smoking increases the risk of snoring and apnea. Smoking cessation appears to decrease the risk. Individuals who smoke are also more likely than those who do not smoke to report problems with going to sleep, maintaining sleep, and daytime somnolence. […] Patients should avoid drinking alcohol and using other sedatives known to make apnea worse. Finally, patients should avoid sleep deprivation.

• #20 Sleep Apnea: Types, Causes, Risk Factors, Effects on Health

  https://www.webmd.com/sleep-disorders/sleep-apnea/sleep-apnea

  Elevate your head. Use a wedge pillow or an adjustable bed to keep your head higher than the rest of your body while you sleep. This helps keep your air passages open. […] Learn to sleep on your side. Your airways are more likely to collapse when you sleep on your back. Sleeping on your stomach can also keep you from snoring, but is more stressful on your back and neck. […] Avoid substances that disrupt sleep. Cigarettes, alcohol, sleeping pills, and sedatives can all make your symptoms worse. […] Don’t give up on treatment. It’s the best way to ensure a good outcome. If your doctor has recommended a positive airway pressure (PAP) machine, make sure you use it just as prescribed. Let them know if you have any issues using it, so they can look for work-arounds. Keep all your follow-up appointments so they stay up to date on your condition.

• #21 Treating and Managing Sleep Apnea | American Lung Association

  https://www.lung.org/lung-health-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/sleep-apnea/treating-and-managing

  This may improve your sleep apnea because cigarette smoke can cause inflammation that narrows your airways. […] Sleeping on your back may make your sleep apnea worse. Use a pillow to assist with sleeping on your side. […] If you have sleep apnea, you and your healthcare provider will want to work together to determine how best to manage your condition. Effective treatment should help you to feel more alert, rested, and have a decrease in other symptoms such as snoring and nighttime wakefulness. […] It is important to use your prescribed breathing device or oral appliance every time you sleep, but it may take you a while to adjust. […] If you use a breathing device to treat sleep apnea, you need to regularly clean the device and replace the supplies. […] If you had surgery to treat sleep apnea, you may need a follow-up sleep study to make sure your sleep apnea has improved.

• #22 Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Primary Care | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2004/0201/p561.html

  The majority of patients who have obstructive sleep apnea are overweight. Sometimes losing even a modest amount of weight, such as 9.1 to 13.6 kg (20 to 30 lb), improves sleep apnea significantly. […] Raising the head of the bed and avoiding the supine position during sleep are methods of decreasing the incidence of apnea. […] Patients with mild sleep apnea tend to respond best to conservative measures. Those with greater degrees of sleep apnea should continue to use these measures while receiving more invasive therapy. […] Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the most consistently successful and extensively studied treatment for obstructive sleep apnea. […] Many patients with documented sleep apnea require more than conservative therapy. […] A recent systematic review concluded that CPAP therapy improves quality of sleep and reduces problems of excessive daytime sleepiness in patients with obstructive sleep apnea.

• #23 Sleep Apnea: Types, Causes, Risk Factors, Effects on Health

  https://www.webmd.com/sleep-disorders/sleep-apnea/sleep-apnea

  Healthy lifestyle and sleep habits are an important part of managing your condition. […] Follow a healthy diet. Reaching and maintaining a weight that’s healthy for you can improve your symptoms. One study found that people who followed a Mediterranean diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains had fewer episodes of apnea even if they didn’t lose weight. Talk to your doctor about the best ways to lose weight and improve your eating habits. […] Get regular exercise. Physical activity helps you control your weight while it improves the quality of your sleep. Try to exercise for at least 30 minutes a day on at least five days of the week. […] Practice good sleep hygiene. Try to go to bed and get up around the same time each day, even on weekends. Keep your bedroom dark, cool, and quiet, and avoid using electronic devices close to bedtime.

• #24 Healthy Tips for Sleeping Better with Sleep Apnea | Banner

  https://www.bannerhealth.com/healthcareblog/better-me/sleeping-like-a-baby-when-you-have-obstructive-sleep-apnea

  Sleep apnea can have such a negative impact on your health, figuring out how to get better sleep will go a long way to helping you reclaim your life. […] Practicing good sleep hygiene is one of the most important pieces of a healthy sleep pattern. […] The most effective treatment available for sleep apnea is a mask worn at night called a CPAP that transmits increased air pressure into the airway to keep your airway open and prevent the throat from collapsing. […] Changing your sleep position could help improve your symptoms of sleep apnea. […] If you have mild to moderate sleep apnea, oral appliance therapy is a good alternative to a CPAP. […] Achieving and maintaining a healthy body weight is beneficial for many health conditions, including preventing high blood pressure and heart disease.

• #25 How to Prevent Sleep Apnea

  https://sleepbetterny.com/blog/prevent-sleep-apnea/

  Mouth exercises. Mouth exercises to strengthen your tongue and throat muscles (oropharyngeal muscle exercises) may help reduce sleep apnea symptoms. […] In addition to adopting healthy lifestyle habits, maintaining healthy and regular sleep practices can improve symptoms: […] Adjust your sleep position. Try sleeping on your side. Sleeping on your back can increase the risk of your airways narrowing. However, falling asleep on your side can help the airways stay open. […] Use a sleep positioner. If you wake up on your back in the middle of the night, try using a sleep positioner, such as a wedge-type pillow, behind you. This can help prevent you from tossing and turning onto your back. […] Stick to a sleep schedule. While this will not eliminate sleep apnea, practicing good sleep hygiene is beneficial to establishing a healthy sleep pattern.

• #26 Sleep Apnea: Types, Causes, Risk Factors, Effects on Health

  https://www.webmd.com/sleep-disorders/sleep-apnea/sleep-apnea

  Healthy lifestyle and sleep habits are an important part of managing your condition. […] Follow a healthy diet. Reaching and maintaining a weight that’s healthy for you can improve your symptoms. One study found that people who followed a Mediterranean diet rich in fruits, vegetables, and whole grains had fewer episodes of apnea even if they didn’t lose weight. Talk to your doctor about the best ways to lose weight and improve your eating habits. […] Get regular exercise. Physical activity helps you control your weight while it improves the quality of your sleep. Try to exercise for at least 30 minutes a day on at least five days of the week. […] Practice good sleep hygiene. Try to go to bed and get up around the same time each day, even on weekends. Keep your bedroom dark, cool, and quiet, and avoid using electronic devices close to bedtime.

• #27 Sleep Apnea: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/8718-sleep-apnea

  You cant prevent all causes of sleep apnea. But you can take steps to reduce your risk by: […] Reaching and maintaining a weight thats healthy for you […] Eating nutritious foods and participating in regular physical activities […] Practicing good sleep hygiene (like setting a regular bedtime and turning off electronics) […] Managing any existing health conditions, like high cholesterol, high blood pressure and Type 2 diabetes […] Seeing your healthcare provider at least once a year for a check-up […] Avoiding smoking and drinking beverages that contain alcohol.

• #28 Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA): Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/24443-obstructive-sleep-apnea-osa

  You cant prevent all cases of OSA. But you can take steps to reduce your risk and improve your overall sleep by: […] Eating nutritious foods and participating in regular physical activities […] Maintaining a healthy weight […] Practicing good sleep hygiene (like setting a bedtime routine and turning off electronic devices before bed) […] Managing any existing health conditions, such as high cholesterol, high blood pressure and Type 2 diabetes […] Not smoking and not drinking beverages that contain alcohol before bed […] Seeing your healthcare provider annually for a check-up.

• #29 Sleep Apnea Treatment: A Guide to Effective Therapy Options

  https://sleepdoctor.com/pages/sleep-apnea/treatment

  Sleep apnea treatments can help reduce the symptoms of sleep apnea and improve sleep quality. Many people with OSA have one or more risk factors that increase their chances of developing breathing issues during sleep. Along with consulting a doctor and taking a home sleep test, lifestyle changes can be helpful for people hoping to alleviate breathing disruptions and improve their overall health. In most cases, these approaches are recommended in addition to medical treatment. […] Weight loss: Obesity can cause or worsen the symptoms of OSA. Although losing excess weight is unlikely to eliminate sleep apnea altogether, it can help diminish symptoms. […] Get enough sleep: People with sleep apnea should aim toward getting at least seven to eight hours of sleep per night. […] Avoiding certain substances: Alcohol, along with medications like opioid pain medicines and benzodiazepines, may aggravate both central and obstructive sleep apnea symptoms. People should speak with their doctor about whether changes in medication could improve nighttime breathing issues.

• #30 How to Prevent Sleep Apnea

  https://sleepbetterny.com/blog/prevent-sleep-apnea/

  Humidify your bedroom. A humidifier can help reduce dry mouth symptoms of sleep apnea. […] Wear a nasal strip. Wearing a nasal strip or dilator at night can improve airflow and reduce snoring. Nasal strips and dilators are generally available over the counter at any drugstore. […] For moderate to severe cases, other treatments are available to prevent sleep apnea when lifestyle changes do not improve symptoms. Aside from sleeping pills, there are devices that help open airways. Furthermore, surgery might also be necessary. Hence, here are some medical treatments for preventing sleep apnea include: […] Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). The CPAP machine is a breathing device often used to treat sleep apnea. A CPAP involves wearing a mask over your nose or mouth while you sleep. Then, the mask sends constant air pressure to your upper airways from a small bedside pump. The air pressure helps keep your airways open and helps you breathe while sleeping.

• #31 Treatment for Obstructive Sleep Apnea | SleepApnea.org

  https://www.sleepapnea.org/treatment/?srsltid=AfmBOooMfL6t4-4e9k5O95-pu4xeyVFiD4t1Uva8qpOLABvcfsE44Pn0

  Hypoglossal nerve stimulation (HNS) therapy involves implanting a nerve stimulating device that helps keep the airway open. The device activates when a person is about to inhale, stimulating nerves that activate throat muscles and pushing the tongue forward, which opens the airway. […] Obstructive sleep apnea can put a person’s health and wellbeing at risk in both the short and long term. People who experience daytime drowsiness as a result of OSA are especially vulnerable to accidents at work or on the road. Low-quality sleep also increases the likelihood that a person will develop depression or have problems with attention and memory. […] When allowed to go untreated, OSA can contribute to high blood pressure, heart conditions, and problems regulating blood sugar. For these reasons, it’s important that people with OSA find the right therapy to manage their condition.

• #32 Sleep apnea: Symptoms, treatments, and causes

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/178633

  Lifestyle modifications are essential to normalizing breathing and are critical first steps in treatment. […] They include: following a heart-healthy diet, developing healthy sleeping habits, limiting alcohol consumption, quitting smoking, managing weight, sleeping on the side. […] Other treatment options include: Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy. […] This is the main treatment for sleep apnea. It keeps the airway open by gently providing a constant stream of positive pressure air through a mask. […] Various surgical procedures can widen the airway in people with OSA. […] Surgery can stiffen or shrink obstructing tissue, or remove excess tissue or enlarged tonsils. […] This is a custom-made oral appliance suitable for individuals with mild or moderate OSA. […] The mouthpiece holds the jaw in a forward position during sleep to expand the space behind the tongue. This helps keep the upper airway open, preventing apnea and snoring.

• #33 Treatments for obstructive sleep apnea: CPAP and beyond | Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine

  https://www.ccjm.org/content/90/12/755

  Treatment options for obstructive sleep apnea include positive airway pressure and alternatives such as behavioral interventions, oral appliances, nasal expiratory positive airway pressure, negative pressure interventions, and surgical procedures. Certain drugs are also promising. An important aspect of the treatment includes troubleshooting the reasons for poor adherence to positive airway pressure treatment, discussing alternatives based either on individual preference or on phenotypic characterization of the sleep apnea, and managing expectations. […] Therapy usually includes weight loss, exercise, positional therapy, and alcohol avoidance as adjuncts to CPAP, while other conservative treatments can be alternatives to it. […] The body mass index is an important predictor of obstructive sleep apnea and figures prominently in prediction scales. Conversely, in a longitudinal study, a 10% weight loss predicted a 26% decrease in AHI. Weight loss decreases the collapsibility of the airway as measured by the pharyngeal critical closing pressure, with near-complete resolution of apnea when the pharyngeal critical closing pressure drops below 4 cm H2O.

• #34 Treatment of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) with mandibular advancement devices—A statement of the Portuguese Society of Pulmonology, the Portuguese Society of Stomatology and Dental Medicine, the Portuguese Dental Associati

  https://www.journalpulmonology.org/en-treatment-obstructive-sleep-apnea-syndrome-avance-S253104372400093X

  With the purpose of establishing a consensus around clinical orientations for professionals involved in managing patients with sleep breathing disorders (SBD), an interdisciplinary group of scientific societies involved in this field discussed and reviewed all the published international guidelines from the American Dental Association, American Academy of Sleep Medicine, American Academy of Dental Sleep Medicine and the European counterparts. Treatment of SBD is multidisciplinary and should be made in concert with the patient, the sleep physician, and the qualified dentist to solve the individual, social, and economic burden of the disease. This consensus document represents the current thinking of a team of Portuguese experts on managing patients with SBD based on the available evidence. […] Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is taken as gold standard therapy for moderate to severe OSA syndrome, i.e. symptomatic OSA, but other options are available, depending on the case severity, patient compliance, and other factors subject to medical evaluation, such as oral appliance therapy (OAT) with intraoral devices (OA) – custom-made and titrable – and surgery. OAs are indicated for patients with mild to moderate OSA, with no comorbidities and primary snoring, and are accepted as an alternative therapy for patients with severe OSA who do not respond to or are unable or unwilling to tolerate positive airway pressure (PAP) therapies.

• #35 Obstructive sleep apnea – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/obstructive-sleep-apnea/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20352095

  To eliminate snoring and prevent sleep apnea, a health care professional may recommend a device called a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) machine. A CPAP machine delivers just enough air pressure to a mask to keep the upper airway passages open, preventing snoring and sleep apnea. […] If you have obstructive sleep apnea, you may benefit from positive airway pressure. In this treatment, a machine delivers air pressure through a piece that fits into your nose or is placed over your nose and mouth while you sleep. Positive airway pressure reduces the number of times you stop breathing as you sleep. The therapy also reduces daytime sleepiness and improves your quality of life. […] Though positive airway pressure is often an effective treatment, oral appliances are an alternative for some people with mild or moderate obstructive sleep apnea. They’re also used for people with severe sleep apnea who can’t use CPAP. The devices may reduce sleepiness and improve quality of life.

• #36 Sleep apnea – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/sleep-apnea/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20377636

  To eliminate snoring and prevent sleep apnea, a health care professional may recommend a device called a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) machine. A CPAP machine delivers just enough air pressure to a mask to keep the upper airway passages open, preventing snoring and sleep apnea. […] For milder cases of sleep apnea, your health care provider may recommend only lifestyle changes, such as losing weight or quitting smoking. You may need to change the position in which you sleep. If you have nasal allergies, your provider may recommend treatment for your allergies. […] In some cases, self-care might be a way for you to deal with obstructive sleep apnea and possibly central sleep apnea. Try these tips: Lose excess weight. Even a slight weight loss might help relieve constriction of your throat. In some cases, sleep apnea can resolve if you return to a healthy weight, but it can recur if you regain the weight.

• #37 Sleep Apnea Treatment: A Guide to Effective Therapy Options

  https://sleepdoctor.com/pages/sleep-apnea/treatment

  APAP machines, also called auto-CPAP machines, automatically adjust the level of pressure used to prevent airway collapse. Rather than operating at a fixed rate of airflow determined during a sleep study, APAP machines use sensors to detect breathing changes and increase or decrease the air pressure as needed. […] BiPAP machines deliver different rates of air pressure that are higher when a person is inhaling and lower when they are exhaling. BiPAP machines are programmed by a doctor based on the results of a sleep study. A BiPAP machine may be recommended in people with OSA who have difficulty using CPAP or in people with certain types of CSA. […] EPAP therapy does not require a bedside machine. Instead, EPAP therapy keeps the airway open during sleep using a nasal device. The device has valves that create resistance upon exhalation, using a person’s own breath to keep their airway open. Although more research is needed, EPAP therapy may be recommended for people with mild OSA who have already tried CPAP therapy.

• #38 Sleep Apnea Treatment: A Guide to Effective Therapy Options

  https://sleepdoctor.com/pages/sleep-apnea/treatment

  APAP machines, also called auto-CPAP machines, automatically adjust the level of pressure used to prevent airway collapse. Rather than operating at a fixed rate of airflow determined during a sleep study, APAP machines use sensors to detect breathing changes and increase or decrease the air pressure as needed. […] BiPAP machines deliver different rates of air pressure that are higher when a person is inhaling and lower when they are exhaling. BiPAP machines are programmed by a doctor based on the results of a sleep study. A BiPAP machine may be recommended in people with OSA who have difficulty using CPAP or in people with certain types of CSA. […] EPAP therapy does not require a bedside machine. Instead, EPAP therapy keeps the airway open during sleep using a nasal device. The device has valves that create resistance upon exhalation, using a person’s own breath to keep their airway open. Although more research is needed, EPAP therapy may be recommended for people with mild OSA who have already tried CPAP therapy.

• #39 Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Primary Care | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2004/0201/p561.html

  The optimal pressure to use in CPAP therapy is determined in a sleep laboratory study, during which the degree of apnea is monitored with various mask adjustments and increasing levels of air pressure. […] A number of strategies may be used to improve CPAP compliance. […] Physicians should encourage patients to use the CPAP mask. […] Prolonged sleeping times on weekends or days off suggest insufficient sleep time during the rest of the week. […] In patients with morbid obesity, weight loss via bariatric surgery helps to decrease the severity of obstructive sleep apnea. […] Oxygen and medications may have adjunctive roles in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea in some patients.

• #40 Sleep Apnea: Types, Causes, Risk Factors, Effects on Health

  https://www.webmd.com/sleep-disorders/sleep-apnea/sleep-apnea

  Elevate your head. Use a wedge pillow or an adjustable bed to keep your head higher than the rest of your body while you sleep. This helps keep your air passages open. […] Learn to sleep on your side. Your airways are more likely to collapse when you sleep on your back. Sleeping on your stomach can also keep you from snoring, but is more stressful on your back and neck. […] Avoid substances that disrupt sleep. Cigarettes, alcohol, sleeping pills, and sedatives can all make your symptoms worse. […] Don’t give up on treatment. It’s the best way to ensure a good outcome. If your doctor has recommended a positive airway pressure (PAP) machine, make sure you use it just as prescribed. Let them know if you have any issues using it, so they can look for work-arounds. Keep all your follow-up appointments so they stay up to date on your condition.

• #41 Treatment of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) with mandibular advancement devices—A statement of the Portuguese Society of Pulmonology, the Portuguese Society of Stomatology and Dental Medicine, the Portuguese Dental Associati

  https://www.journalpulmonology.org/en-treatment-obstructive-sleep-apnea-syndrome-avance-S253104372400093X

  The most effective OA are mandibular advancement devices (MAD) that stabilize the lower jaw in a forward and downward position, maintaining airway patency during sleep. MAD were shown to decrease the frequency and/or duration of apneas, hypopneas, respiratory effort-related arousals (RERA), and/or snoring events, as well as to improve nocturnal oxygenation. They also reduce daytime sleepiness and improve quality of life measures in OSA, with a better adherence comparing to CPAP. […] Policies on SBD management and the specific roles of dentists and physicians in the process are changing due to recent findings. In 2018, American Dental Association (ADA) recognized standards for screening, treating, and managing adults with SBD, describing bidirectional referral patterns, in which the qualified dentist should refer to the physician, and the physician should refer to the qualified dentist. The importance of collaboration between professionals and the interdisciplinary needed was emphasized.

• #42 Treatment of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) with mandibular advancement devices—A statement of the Portuguese Society of Pulmonology, the Portuguese Society of Stomatology and Dental Medicine, the Portuguese Dental Associati

  https://www.journalpulmonology.org/en-treatment-obstructive-sleep-apnea-syndrome-avance-S253104372400093X

  Treatment options should always be discussed by a multidisciplinary team including the qualified dentist, the sleep unit and the sleep doctor. […] The candidates for treatment with OA are adult patients who request treatment of primary snoring (without obstructive sleep apnea) or patients with mild to moderate OSA with no comorbidities. OA is an accepted alternative therapy for patients with severe symptomatic OSA who are intolerant to CPAP therapy or request an alternative therapy. […] This paper reinforces the need to invest in training general dentists to track patients suspected of SBD and refer them to sleep physicians or sleep-qualified dentists to confirm OSA diagnosis. Also, it is necessary to value the specialization of dentists in the sleep specialty, reinforcing its role in multidisciplinary teams for the treatment of sleep disorders and to continue discussing these issues among the professionals involved in SBD management, promoting research concerning the existing knowledge gaps for which more evidence is needed.

• #43 Treatments for obstructive sleep apnea: CPAP and beyond | Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine

  https://www.ccjm.org/content/90/12/755

  A newer strategy is to counteract 2 mechanisms of pharyngeal hypotonia, namely loss of noradrenergic drive and active muscarinic inhibition, using a combination of noradrenergic and antimuscarinic agents such as atomoxetine with oxybutynin, reboxetine with oxybutynin, or atomoxetine with fesoterodine. […] Oral appliances can be an effective alternative for many patients with obstructive sleep apnea. These devices stabilize and advance the mandible anteriorly to open the airway, especially laterally in the velopharyngeal area. An oral appliance can be a first-line therapy for mild to moderate obstructive sleep apnea and for severe obstructive sleep apnea when a patient cannot tolerate or refuses CPAP. […] Myofunctional therapy consists of interventions such as electrical stimulation of the tongue, speech therapy, circular breathing, singing, or wind-instrument playing, which strengthen the facial, tongue, oropharyngeal, or skeletal structures and enhance the neuromuscular compensatory mechanisms that counteract the anatomic mechanical loads contributing to airway narrowing. […] Hypoglossal nerve stimulation is a newer surgical option for select patients who cannot use CPAP.

• #44 Treating and Managing Sleep Apnea | American Lung Association

  https://www.lung.org/lung-health-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/sleep-apnea/treating-and-managing

  There are several ways to treat sleep apnea. No matter what treatment you choose, your healthcare provider may want you to do a follow-up sleep study to make sure your sleep apnea is well managed. […] Oral appliances are dental devices that assist in preventing your airway from being blocked. These devices are most effective in treating mild to moderate sleep apnea and may include mandibular repositioning mouthpieces or tongue retaining devices. You need to have a follow-up sleep study while using the device to see if it is effective. […] Your healthcare provider often will recommend that you make some lifestyle changes along with other treatments. […] Losing just 10% of your body weight can improve your sleep apnea. Sometimes losing weight may even cure sleep apnea. […] Stopping drinking alcohol at least four hours before bed and avoiding sedative medications such as sleeping pills may help your sleep apnea.

• #45 Summary of Recommendations – Interventions for the Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults: Recommendations – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK487359/

  For patients with mild OSA who are overweight or obese, the Health Technology Expert Review Panel (HTERP) recommends lifestyle interventions. For patients with mild OSA who are not overweight or obese, HTERP does not recommend active treatment. For patients with moderate or severe OSA, HTERP recommends continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). For patients with moderate or severe OSA for whom CPAP is unacceptable, oral appliances are recommended. […] Oral appliances, including the mandibular advancement devices (MADs) and tongue-retaining devices (TRDs), can be offered as an alternative to CPAP. For patients with mild or asymptomatic OSA, lifestyle interventions such as exercise programs, diet changes, and positional therapies may be proposed.

• #46 Treatment of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) with mandibular advancement devices—A statement of the Portuguese Society of Pulmonology, the Portuguese Society of Stomatology and Dental Medicine, the Portuguese Dental Associati

  https://www.journalpulmonology.org/en-treatment-obstructive-sleep-apnea-syndrome-avance-S253104372400093X

  This consensus clarifies the role of qualified dentists as an essential member of the multidisciplinary team in screening, treating, and managing patients with SBD, according to the consensus between Portuguese scientific societies operating in this field. This article aims to recommend a patient-focused protocol, finding agreement between relevant institutions, and national and international guidelines. […] The treatment option for moderate to severe symptomatic OSA (OSA syndrome) is CPAP therapy, considered the gold-standard treatment. This therapy should be used considering OSA risk factors and, therefore regarding behavioral and positional therapies. […] Behavioral treatment options include weight loss, ideally to a BMI of 25 kg/m2 or less; weight reduction surgery in selected cases; physical exercise; positional therapy when indicated; and avoidance of alcohol and sedatives before bedtime. The patient should be aware that weight reduction in obese patients with OSA is associated with a trend of improvement in breathing pattern, quality of sleep and daytime sleepiness, and that is recommended to reduce these important risk factors.

• #47 Treatment of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) with mandibular advancement devices—A statement of the Portuguese Society of Pulmonology, the Portuguese Society of Stomatology and Dental Medicine, the Portuguese Dental Associati

  https://www.journalpulmonology.org/en-treatment-obstructive-sleep-apnea-syndrome-avance-S253104372400093X

  Treatment options should always be discussed by a multidisciplinary team including the qualified dentist, the sleep unit and the sleep doctor. […] The candidates for treatment with OA are adult patients who request treatment of primary snoring (without obstructive sleep apnea) or patients with mild to moderate OSA with no comorbidities. OA is an accepted alternative therapy for patients with severe symptomatic OSA who are intolerant to CPAP therapy or request an alternative therapy. […] This paper reinforces the need to invest in training general dentists to track patients suspected of SBD and refer them to sleep physicians or sleep-qualified dentists to confirm OSA diagnosis. Also, it is necessary to value the specialization of dentists in the sleep specialty, reinforcing its role in multidisciplinary teams for the treatment of sleep disorders and to continue discussing these issues among the professionals involved in SBD management, promoting research concerning the existing knowledge gaps for which more evidence is needed.

• #48 Sleep apnea: Symptoms, treatments, and causes

  https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/178633

  Lifestyle modifications are essential to normalizing breathing and are critical first steps in treatment. […] They include: following a heart-healthy diet, developing healthy sleeping habits, limiting alcohol consumption, quitting smoking, managing weight, sleeping on the side. […] Other treatment options include: Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) therapy. […] This is the main treatment for sleep apnea. It keeps the airway open by gently providing a constant stream of positive pressure air through a mask. […] Various surgical procedures can widen the airway in people with OSA. […] Surgery can stiffen or shrink obstructing tissue, or remove excess tissue or enlarged tonsils. […] This is a custom-made oral appliance suitable for individuals with mild or moderate OSA. […] The mouthpiece holds the jaw in a forward position during sleep to expand the space behind the tongue. This helps keep the upper airway open, preventing apnea and snoring.

• #49 Patient education: Sleep apnea in adults (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/sleep-apnea-in-adults-beyond-the-basics

  Oral and other devices — An oral appliance (or „mandibular advancement device”) can reposition the jaw, bringing the tongue and soft palate forward to relieve obstruction in some people. […] Upper airway surgery — Surgery is an alternative for those who cannot tolerate or do not improve with nonsurgical treatments. Surgery can also be used in combination with other nonsurgical treatments.

• #50 Sleep apnoea | Better Health Channel

  https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/sleep-apnoea

  Sometimes an operation is considered when other treatments for sleep apnoea have not worked. Surgery to the palate and base of tongue may be suggested, especially for school aged children and young adults. […] The more severe your child’s OSA is, the more likely it is that removing the tonsils and adenoids will help improve their health and quality of life.

• #51

  https://www.healthychildren.org/English/ages-stages/baby/sleep/Pages/Sleep-Apnea-Detection.aspx

  It is important to identify and treat sleep apnea. If left untreated, sleep apnea can lead to a variety of health issues. These include heart, behavior, learning and growth problems. […] The doctor may recommend that your child’s tonsils and adenoids be removed. It is the most common and effective way to treat sleep apnea. This surgery is called a tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy. However, it is important to schedule a follow-up visit with the doctor, because the procedure is not always successful. […] Another effective treatment is the use of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). A CPAP machine delivers a steady flow of air pressure through a mask. The child wears the mask during sleep to assist with breathing. CPAP may be recommended for children whose sleep apnea does not improve after their tonsils and adenoids are removed, or if surgery is not recommended. […] A good night’s sleep is important to good health. If your child suffers from the symptoms of sleep apnea, talk with your pediatrician. A proper diagnosis and treatment can mean restful nights and restful days for your child and your family.

• #52 What’s Sleep Apnea? | Obstructive Sleep Apnea

  https://www.pacificneuroscienceinstitute.org/blog/sleep/what-is-sleep-apnea/

  Surgical options are available for patients who cannot tolerate CPAP or do not see improvement with other treatments. Procedures such as uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP), genioglossus advancement, and maxillomandibular advancement remove or reposition tissues obstructing the airway. […] Other alternative treatments include managing underlying conditions like allergies or hypothyroidism, using nasal decongestants, and practicing good sleep hygiene. Consulting your healthcare provider will help determine the most appropriate treatment plan, combining these approaches to effectively manage obstructive sleep apnea and improve your overall health. […] Living with OSA requires effective management to ensure a better quality of life. Adhering to your treatment plan is essential in achieving that goal. Consistently using your CPAP machine or other prescribed devices can significantly reduce symptoms. Recommendations for maintaining a healthy lifestyle include losing weight, exercising regularly, and avoiding alcohol and smoking, as these changes can improve your condition.

• #53 How to Prevent Sleep Apnea

  https://sleepbetterny.com/blog/prevent-sleep-apnea/

  Oral Appliances. Sleep apnea mouth guards are form-fitting dental appliances that reposition your jaw, tongue, or soft palate to open the airway during sleep. […] There are various surgical options available for people with sleep apnea, including: […] Implants. A palatal implant is a minimally invasive surgery that stiffens the soft palate to reduce snoring. […] Laser-assisted uvulopalatoplasty. In laser-assisted uvulopalatoplasty, a surgeon removes tissues from your mouth and throat to enlarge your upper airway and increase airflow. […] Adenotonsillectomy. Surgery to remove your tonsils and adenoids can be effective in opening airways. […] Upper or lower jaw advancement. This surgery moves your upper and lower jaw forward to help increase the size of your airway.

• #54 How to Prevent Sleep Apnea

  https://sleepbetterny.com/blog/prevent-sleep-apnea/

  Oral Appliances. Sleep apnea mouth guards are form-fitting dental appliances that reposition your jaw, tongue, or soft palate to open the airway during sleep. […] There are various surgical options available for people with sleep apnea, including: […] Implants. A palatal implant is a minimally invasive surgery that stiffens the soft palate to reduce snoring. […] Laser-assisted uvulopalatoplasty. In laser-assisted uvulopalatoplasty, a surgeon removes tissues from your mouth and throat to enlarge your upper airway and increase airflow. […] Adenotonsillectomy. Surgery to remove your tonsils and adenoids can be effective in opening airways. […] Upper or lower jaw advancement. This surgery moves your upper and lower jaw forward to help increase the size of your airway.

• #55 Treatments for obstructive sleep apnea: CPAP and beyond | Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine

  https://www.ccjm.org/content/90/12/755

  In a large long-term randomized study in patients with obesity, diabetes, and sleep apnea, the rate of remission of obstructive sleep apnea at 10 years was 34.4% with intensive lifestyle interventions compared with 22.2% with diabetes support and education only. The improvement in severity of obstructive sleep apnea was related to the change in body weight and to the original AHI. […] Bariatric surgery can significantly improve obstructive sleep apnea, with rates of cure reported as 86%, 57%, and 45%. However, in 1 study, moderate or severe obstructive sleep apnea persisted in 20% of patients after surgery. In a randomized trial, the reduction in AHI was not statistically significantly greater with gastric banding than with conventional weight loss, even though patients who underwent gastric banding lost more weight. Patients therefore need to be aware that bariatric surgery may not cure their obstructive sleep apnea, and this should be discussed before surgery.

• #56 Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Primary Care | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2004/0201/p561.html

  The optimal pressure to use in CPAP therapy is determined in a sleep laboratory study, during which the degree of apnea is monitored with various mask adjustments and increasing levels of air pressure. […] A number of strategies may be used to improve CPAP compliance. […] Physicians should encourage patients to use the CPAP mask. […] Prolonged sleeping times on weekends or days off suggest insufficient sleep time during the rest of the week. […] In patients with morbid obesity, weight loss via bariatric surgery helps to decrease the severity of obstructive sleep apnea. […] Oxygen and medications may have adjunctive roles in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea in some patients.

• #57 Upper airway stimulation therapy – Mayo Clinic Health System

  https://www.mayoclinichealthsystem.org/hometown-health/speaking-of-health/upper-airway-stimulation-therapy

  A restful night’s sleep is more than just rejuvenating, it improves your health, memory and mood. Yet for millions of U.S. adults, restful sleep is elusive because they have obstructive sleep apnea. […] Upper airway stimulation therapy using a hypoglossal nerve stimulator is an option for people who are unable to tolerate their CPAPs. It’s been approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea. […] Upper airway stimulation therapy is a safe, effective option for many people with obstructive sleep apnea; however, it’s not appropriate for everyone. […] Getting consistent quality sleep improves your overall health and well-being in many ways. Untreated sleep apnea can cause various problems, including excessive daytime sleepiness that may lead to accidents, memory problems, and an increased risk of heart attacks and heart rhythm problems.

• #58 Inspire Sleep Apnea Innovation – Obstructive Sleep Apnea Treatment

  https://www.inspiresleep.com/en-us/

  Inspire therapy is a mask-free solution for people with obstructive sleep apnea who have tried and struggled with CPAP. […] The Inspire implant keeps your airway open while you sleep, so you can breathe regularly and sleep soundly. […] The Inspire remote simply turns on your therapy when you’re ready to sleep. No mask or hose required. […] Most people who have tried and struggle with CPAP meet the basic requirements for Inspire therapy.

• #59 Treatment for Obstructive Sleep Apnea | SleepApnea.org

  https://www.sleepapnea.org/treatment/?srsltid=AfmBOooMfL6t4-4e9k5O95-pu4xeyVFiD4t1Uva8qpOLABvcfsE44Pn0

  Hypoglossal nerve stimulation (HNS) therapy involves implanting a nerve stimulating device that helps keep the airway open. The device activates when a person is about to inhale, stimulating nerves that activate throat muscles and pushing the tongue forward, which opens the airway. […] Obstructive sleep apnea can put a person’s health and wellbeing at risk in both the short and long term. People who experience daytime drowsiness as a result of OSA are especially vulnerable to accidents at work or on the road. Low-quality sleep also increases the likelihood that a person will develop depression or have problems with attention and memory. […] When allowed to go untreated, OSA can contribute to high blood pressure, heart conditions, and problems regulating blood sugar. For these reasons, it’s important that people with OSA find the right therapy to manage their condition.

• #60 Upper airway stimulation therapy – Mayo Clinic Health System

  https://www.mayoclinichealthsystem.org/hometown-health/speaking-of-health/upper-airway-stimulation-therapy

  Benefits of upper airway stimulation therapy include: Staying awake during the day, Protecting memory function, Being more productive, Eliminating additional equipment and tubing that requires sanitizing and maintenance, Doing away with a mask while sleeping, Eliminating noise and possible interruption of your partner’s sleep. […] Talk with your health care team about your symptoms, and ask if you could benefit from upper airway stimulation.

• #61 Sleep Apnea – Treatment | NHLBI, NIH

  https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/sleep-apnea/treatment

  If a sleep study shows that you have sleep apnea, your healthcare provider may talk to you about making lifelong healthy lifestyle changes. You may also benefit from a positive airway pressure or oral device, or other treatments to keep your airways open while you sleep. […] To help treat your sleep apnea, healthy lifestyle changes can be very effective. These include getting regular physical activity, maintaining healthy sleeping habits and a healthy weight, limiting alcohol and caffeine intake, and quitting smoking. Your provider may also recommend that you sleep on your side not on your back as this can help keep your airway open while you sleep. […] PAP machines often work best when they are paired with healthy lifestyle changes. […] If you have sleep apnea, your provider may prescribe an oral device if you do not want to use or cannot tolerate a CPAP machine. […] Exercises for your mouth and facial muscles, called orofacial therapy, may also be an effective treatment for sleep apnea in children and adults. This therapy helps to strengthen and reposition the tongue and muscles that control your lips, tongue, upper airway, and face.

• #62 Exercises To Reduce Sleep Apnea | Sleep Care Online

  https://www.sleepcareonline.com/articles/exercises-to-reduce-sleep-apnea/?srsltid=AfmBOorEEKx5ROUfbPEzmzSr89L9fLeE2XBebR9sUkniwL8mGwpJZ5i5

  Although using a CPAP machine is the most effective way to treat sleep apnea, one recent study found that oral exercises significantly reduce the severity of sleep apnea, leading to improved sleep quality and reductions in snoring and daytime sleepiness. Committing to exercising the tongue and throat muscles to strengthen them is highly beneficial for sleep apnea patients. […] Simple exercises are an easy way to help reduce the frequency of sleep apneas along with additional CPAP therapy. Oral exercises strengthen and train oral muscles to prevent closure during sleep. Exercises include breathing, mouth, throat, and tongue exercises which can be completed daily. […] Myofunctional therapy is one of the innovations to help sleep apnea patients outside of CPAP therapy. The method helps correct the improper function of the tongue and facial muscles. It also involves strengthening the tongue and orofacial muscles by teaching individuals how to engage the muscles in the appropriate position.

• #63 FDA Approves First Medication for Obstructive Sleep Apnea | FDA

  https://www.fda.gov/news-events/press-announcements/fda-approves-first-medication-obstructive-sleep-apnea

  Today, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration approved Zepbound (tirzepatide) for the treatment of moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in adults with obesity, to be used in combination with a reduced-calorie diet and increased physical activity. […] This is a major step forward for patients with obstructive sleep apnea. […] By reducing body weight, studies show that Zepbound also improves OSA. […] The improvement in AHI in participants with OSA is likely related to body weight reduction with Zepbound.

• #64 Study Identifies First Drug Therapy for Sleep Apnea

  https://health.ucsd.edu/news/press-releases/2024-06-21-study-identifies-first-drug-therapy-for-sleep-apnea/

  Researchers at University of California San Diego School of Medicine and international collaborators have led a worldwide, advanced study demonstrating the potential of tirzepatide, known to manage type 2 diabetes, as the first effective drug therapy for obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), a sleep-related disorder characterized by repeated episodes of irregular breathing due to complete or partial blockage of the upper airway. […] This study marks a significant milestone in the treatment of OSA, offering a promising new therapeutic option that addresses both respiratory and metabolic complications, said Atul Malhotra, MD, lead author of the study, professor of medicine at University of California San Diego School of Medicine and director of sleep medicine at UC San Diego Health. […] Importantly, some participants that took the drug reached a point where CPAP therapy might not be necessary. Considerable data suggest that a drug therapy that targets both sleep apnea and obesity is beneficial rather than treating either condition alone.

• #65 Treatment of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) with mandibular advancement devices—A statement of the Portuguese Society of Pulmonology, the Portuguese Society of Stomatology and Dental Medicine, the Portuguese Dental Associati

  https://www.journalpulmonology.org/en-treatment-obstructive-sleep-apnea-syndrome-avance-S253104372400093X

  Treatment options should always be discussed by a multidisciplinary team including the qualified dentist, the sleep unit and the sleep doctor. […] The candidates for treatment with OA are adult patients who request treatment of primary snoring (without obstructive sleep apnea) or patients with mild to moderate OSA with no comorbidities. OA is an accepted alternative therapy for patients with severe symptomatic OSA who are intolerant to CPAP therapy or request an alternative therapy. […] This paper reinforces the need to invest in training general dentists to track patients suspected of SBD and refer them to sleep physicians or sleep-qualified dentists to confirm OSA diagnosis. Also, it is necessary to value the specialization of dentists in the sleep specialty, reinforcing its role in multidisciplinary teams for the treatment of sleep disorders and to continue discussing these issues among the professionals involved in SBD management, promoting research concerning the existing knowledge gaps for which more evidence is needed.

• #66 Treating and Managing Sleep Apnea | American Lung Association

  https://www.lung.org/lung-health-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/sleep-apnea/treating-and-managing

  Be sure to tell your provider that you have sleep apnea and how it is being treated so that extra steps can be taken if needed to ensure your airway stays open during surgery. […] Follow the treatment plan that you and your healthcare provider established for the best possible outcomes. Go to all regularly scheduled appointments to make sure your plan continues to meet your needs.

• #67 Sleep Apnea: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/8718-sleep-apnea

  You cant prevent all causes of sleep apnea. But you can take steps to reduce your risk by: […] Reaching and maintaining a weight thats healthy for you […] Eating nutritious foods and participating in regular physical activities […] Practicing good sleep hygiene (like setting a regular bedtime and turning off electronics) […] Managing any existing health conditions, like high cholesterol, high blood pressure and Type 2 diabetes […] Seeing your healthcare provider at least once a year for a check-up […] Avoiding smoking and drinking beverages that contain alcohol.

• #68 Sleep Apnea – Treatment | NHLBI, NIH

  https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health/sleep-apnea/treatment

  If a sleep study shows that you have sleep apnea, your healthcare provider may talk to you about making lifelong healthy lifestyle changes. You may also benefit from a positive airway pressure or oral device, or other treatments to keep your airways open while you sleep. […] To help treat your sleep apnea, healthy lifestyle changes can be very effective. These include getting regular physical activity, maintaining healthy sleeping habits and a healthy weight, limiting alcohol and caffeine intake, and quitting smoking. Your provider may also recommend that you sleep on your side not on your back as this can help keep your airway open while you sleep. […] PAP machines often work best when they are paired with healthy lifestyle changes. […] If you have sleep apnea, your provider may prescribe an oral device if you do not want to use or cannot tolerate a CPAP machine. […] Exercises for your mouth and facial muscles, called orofacial therapy, may also be an effective treatment for sleep apnea in children and adults. This therapy helps to strengthen and reposition the tongue and muscles that control your lips, tongue, upper airway, and face.

• #69 Study Identifies First Drug Therapy for Sleep Apnea

  https://health.ucsd.edu/news/press-releases/2024-06-21-study-identifies-first-drug-therapy-for-sleep-apnea/

  This new drug treatment offers a more accessible alternative for individuals who cannot tolerate or adhere to existing therapies. We believe that the combination of CPAP therapy with weight loss will be optimal for improving cardiometabolic risk and symptoms. Tirzepatide can also target specific underlying mechanisms of sleep apnea, potentially leading to more personalized and effective treatment. […] Malhotra adds that having a drug therapy for OSA represents a significant advancement in the field. […] This breakthrough opens the door to a new era of OSA management for people diagnosed with obesity, potentially transforming how we approach and treat this pervasive condition on a global scale.

• #70 Treating and Managing Sleep Apnea | American Lung Association

  https://www.lung.org/lung-health-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/sleep-apnea/treating-and-managing

  There are several ways to treat sleep apnea. No matter what treatment you choose, your healthcare provider may want you to do a follow-up sleep study to make sure your sleep apnea is well managed. […] Oral appliances are dental devices that assist in preventing your airway from being blocked. These devices are most effective in treating mild to moderate sleep apnea and may include mandibular repositioning mouthpieces or tongue retaining devices. You need to have a follow-up sleep study while using the device to see if it is effective. […] Your healthcare provider often will recommend that you make some lifestyle changes along with other treatments. […] Losing just 10% of your body weight can improve your sleep apnea. Sometimes losing weight may even cure sleep apnea. […] Stopping drinking alcohol at least four hours before bed and avoiding sedative medications such as sleeping pills may help your sleep apnea.

• #71 Sleep Apnea: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/8718-sleep-apnea

  You cant prevent all causes of sleep apnea. But you can take steps to reduce your risk by: […] Reaching and maintaining a weight thats healthy for you […] Eating nutritious foods and participating in regular physical activities […] Practicing good sleep hygiene (like setting a regular bedtime and turning off electronics) […] Managing any existing health conditions, like high cholesterol, high blood pressure and Type 2 diabetes […] Seeing your healthcare provider at least once a year for a check-up […] Avoiding smoking and drinking beverages that contain alcohol.

• #72 Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA): Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/24443-obstructive-sleep-apnea-osa

  You cant prevent all cases of OSA. But you can take steps to reduce your risk and improve your overall sleep by: […] Eating nutritious foods and participating in regular physical activities […] Maintaining a healthy weight […] Practicing good sleep hygiene (like setting a bedtime routine and turning off electronic devices before bed) […] Managing any existing health conditions, such as high cholesterol, high blood pressure and Type 2 diabetes […] Not smoking and not drinking beverages that contain alcohol before bed […] Seeing your healthcare provider annually for a check-up.

• #73 Treatment of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) with mandibular advancement devices—A statement of the Portuguese Society of Pulmonology, the Portuguese Society of Stomatology and Dental Medicine, the Portuguese Dental Associati

  https://www.journalpulmonology.org/en-treatment-obstructive-sleep-apnea-syndrome-avance-S253104372400093X

  With the purpose of establishing a consensus around clinical orientations for professionals involved in managing patients with sleep breathing disorders (SBD), an interdisciplinary group of scientific societies involved in this field discussed and reviewed all the published international guidelines from the American Dental Association, American Academy of Sleep Medicine, American Academy of Dental Sleep Medicine and the European counterparts. Treatment of SBD is multidisciplinary and should be made in concert with the patient, the sleep physician, and the qualified dentist to solve the individual, social, and economic burden of the disease. This consensus document represents the current thinking of a team of Portuguese experts on managing patients with SBD based on the available evidence. […] Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is taken as gold standard therapy for moderate to severe OSA syndrome, i.e. symptomatic OSA, but other options are available, depending on the case severity, patient compliance, and other factors subject to medical evaluation, such as oral appliance therapy (OAT) with intraoral devices (OA) – custom-made and titrable – and surgery. OAs are indicated for patients with mild to moderate OSA, with no comorbidities and primary snoring, and are accepted as an alternative therapy for patients with severe OSA who do not respond to or are unable or unwilling to tolerate positive airway pressure (PAP) therapies.

• #74 Treatment of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) with mandibular advancement devices—A statement of the Portuguese Society of Pulmonology, the Portuguese Society of Stomatology and Dental Medicine, the Portuguese Dental Associati

  https://www.journalpulmonology.org/en-treatment-obstructive-sleep-apnea-syndrome-avance-S253104372400093X

  This consensus clarifies the role of qualified dentists as an essential member of the multidisciplinary team in screening, treating, and managing patients with SBD, according to the consensus between Portuguese scientific societies operating in this field. This article aims to recommend a patient-focused protocol, finding agreement between relevant institutions, and national and international guidelines. […] The treatment option for moderate to severe symptomatic OSA (OSA syndrome) is CPAP therapy, considered the gold-standard treatment. This therapy should be used considering OSA risk factors and, therefore regarding behavioral and positional therapies. […] Behavioral treatment options include weight loss, ideally to a BMI of 25 kg/m2 or less; weight reduction surgery in selected cases; physical exercise; positional therapy when indicated; and avoidance of alcohol and sedatives before bedtime. The patient should be aware that weight reduction in obese patients with OSA is associated with a trend of improvement in breathing pattern, quality of sleep and daytime sleepiness, and that is recommended to reduce these important risk factors.

• #75 Summary of Recommendations – Interventions for the Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Adults: Recommendations – NCBI Bookshelf

  https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK487359/

  Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by a narrowing and collapse of the upper airway during sleep. The major symptoms include snoring, unrefreshing sleep, excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS), lack of concentration, impaired memory, and lower quality of life. Aging, the male sex, and obesity are the main risk factors for OSA. Untreated OSA is associated with motor vehicle accidents, cardiovascular disease, stroke, hypertension, diabetes, cognitive dysfunction, and all-cause mortality. […] The goal of treatment of OSA is to reduce the apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) an index used to indicate the severity of sleep apnea increase blood oxygen levels, and improve cardiorespiratory indicators. For patients with mild or asymptomatic OSA, lifestyle interventions such as exercise programs, diet changes, and positional therapies may be an option for treatment before proceeding to other interventions.

• #76 Treatment for Obstructive Sleep Apnea | SleepApnea.org

  https://www.sleepapnea.org/treatment/?srsltid=AfmBOooMfL6t4-4e9k5O95-pu4xeyVFiD4t1Uva8qpOLABvcfsE44Pn0

  Hypoglossal nerve stimulation (HNS) therapy involves implanting a nerve stimulating device that helps keep the airway open. The device activates when a person is about to inhale, stimulating nerves that activate throat muscles and pushing the tongue forward, which opens the airway. […] Obstructive sleep apnea can put a person’s health and wellbeing at risk in both the short and long term. People who experience daytime drowsiness as a result of OSA are especially vulnerable to accidents at work or on the road. Low-quality sleep also increases the likelihood that a person will develop depression or have problems with attention and memory. […] When allowed to go untreated, OSA can contribute to high blood pressure, heart conditions, and problems regulating blood sugar. For these reasons, it’s important that people with OSA find the right therapy to manage their condition.

• #77 Treatment of obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) with mandibular advancement devices—A statement of the Portuguese Society of Pulmonology, the Portuguese Society of Stomatology and Dental Medicine, the Portuguese Dental Associati

  https://www.journalpulmonology.org/en-treatment-obstructive-sleep-apnea-syndrome-avance-S253104372400093X

  Treatment options should always be discussed by a multidisciplinary team including the qualified dentist, the sleep unit and the sleep doctor. […] The candidates for treatment with OA are adult patients who request treatment of primary snoring (without obstructive sleep apnea) or patients with mild to moderate OSA with no comorbidities. OA is an accepted alternative therapy for patients with severe symptomatic OSA who are intolerant to CPAP therapy or request an alternative therapy. […] This paper reinforces the need to invest in training general dentists to track patients suspected of SBD and refer them to sleep physicians or sleep-qualified dentists to confirm OSA diagnosis. Also, it is necessary to value the specialization of dentists in the sleep specialty, reinforcing its role in multidisciplinary teams for the treatment of sleep disorders and to continue discussing these issues among the professionals involved in SBD management, promoting research concerning the existing knowledge gaps for which more evidence is needed.

• #78 Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Primary Care | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2004/0201/p561.html

  The optimal pressure to use in CPAP therapy is determined in a sleep laboratory study, during which the degree of apnea is monitored with various mask adjustments and increasing levels of air pressure. […] A number of strategies may be used to improve CPAP compliance. […] Physicians should encourage patients to use the CPAP mask. […] Prolonged sleeping times on weekends or days off suggest insufficient sleep time during the rest of the week. […] In patients with morbid obesity, weight loss via bariatric surgery helps to decrease the severity of obstructive sleep apnea. […] Oxygen and medications may have adjunctive roles in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea in some patients.

• #79 Sleep Apnea Treatment | Federici Dental | Manahawkin New Jersey

  https://www.federicidental.com/sleep-apnea/sleep-apnea-treatment

  At Federici Dental, we’re proud to provide oral screenings and home sleep study referrals to patients in and around Manahawkin, Stafford Township, Barnegat Township and Long Beach Island. […] Once we receive your results, we’ll work closey with you to determine the best course of treatment: CPAP (Controlled Positive Airway Pressure) or OAT (Oral Appliance Therapy). […] We have refined the process of both medical and Medicare billing to perfection in using a medical biller to maximize your medical insurance to cover the best oral appliances. […] Oral appliances are more comfortable, offer almost 95% compliance, require no electricity, travel real easy, and are easy to clean. […] Outside of oral appliances and CPAP machines, there are a number of other methods that may help alleviate sleep apnea. A few alternative methods for treating sleep apnea include: […] Losing weight […] Healthy diet […] Controlling blood pressure […] Quitting smoking or drinking

• #80 How Do You Diagnose and Treat Sleep Apnea in Older Adults?

  https://www.ncoa.org/article/sleep-apnea-in-older-adults-diagnosis-and-treatment-options/

  Sleep apnea is a disorder that affects millions of Americans, but its more common among older adults. […] Treatment for obstructive sleep apnea ranges from simple lifestyle changes to surgical procedures. […] If your sleep apnea is mild, your health care provider may suggest you do the following to help promote healthy respiration: Lose weight, if you have excess weight or obesity; Quit smoking, if you currently smoke; Limit your alcohol intake, especially at night; Sleep on your side (not your back); Increase your physical activity; Use an allergy medication or a decongestant; Consider upgrading your mattress. […] Treatment for obstructive sleep apnea may include lifestyle changes, using a CPAP machine, and wearing oral devices that help keep airways open during sleep. In more severe cases, surgery can help address physical problems that disrupt the flow of air to the lungs. […] Although CPAP is considered an effective treatment for sleep apnea in older adults, it may not be right for everyone. More conservative treatments for obstructive sleep apnea may include losing weight, side sleeping, quitting smoking, and exercising more.

• #81

  https://www.healthychildren.org/English/ages-stages/baby/sleep/Pages/Sleep-Apnea-Detection.aspx

  It is important to identify and treat sleep apnea. If left untreated, sleep apnea can lead to a variety of health issues. These include heart, behavior, learning and growth problems. […] The doctor may recommend that your child’s tonsils and adenoids be removed. It is the most common and effective way to treat sleep apnea. This surgery is called a tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy. However, it is important to schedule a follow-up visit with the doctor, because the procedure is not always successful. […] Another effective treatment is the use of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). A CPAP machine delivers a steady flow of air pressure through a mask. The child wears the mask during sleep to assist with breathing. CPAP may be recommended for children whose sleep apnea does not improve after their tonsils and adenoids are removed, or if surgery is not recommended. […] A good night’s sleep is important to good health. If your child suffers from the symptoms of sleep apnea, talk with your pediatrician. A proper diagnosis and treatment can mean restful nights and restful days for your child and your family.

• #82 How Do You Diagnose and Treat Sleep Apnea in Older Adults?

  https://www.ncoa.org/article/sleep-apnea-in-older-adults-diagnosis-and-treatment-options/

  Sleep apnea is a disorder that affects millions of Americans, but its more common among older adults. […] Treatment for obstructive sleep apnea ranges from simple lifestyle changes to surgical procedures. […] If your sleep apnea is mild, your health care provider may suggest you do the following to help promote healthy respiration: Lose weight, if you have excess weight or obesity; Quit smoking, if you currently smoke; Limit your alcohol intake, especially at night; Sleep on your side (not your back); Increase your physical activity; Use an allergy medication or a decongestant; Consider upgrading your mattress. […] Treatment for obstructive sleep apnea may include lifestyle changes, using a CPAP machine, and wearing oral devices that help keep airways open during sleep. In more severe cases, surgery can help address physical problems that disrupt the flow of air to the lungs. […] Although CPAP is considered an effective treatment for sleep apnea in older adults, it may not be right for everyone. More conservative treatments for obstructive sleep apnea may include losing weight, side sleeping, quitting smoking, and exercising more.

• #83

  https://www.healthychildren.org/English/ages-stages/baby/sleep/Pages/Sleep-Apnea-Detection.aspx

  It is important to identify and treat sleep apnea. If left untreated, sleep apnea can lead to a variety of health issues. These include heart, behavior, learning and growth problems. […] The doctor may recommend that your child’s tonsils and adenoids be removed. It is the most common and effective way to treat sleep apnea. This surgery is called a tonsillectomy and adenoidectomy. However, it is important to schedule a follow-up visit with the doctor, because the procedure is not always successful. […] Another effective treatment is the use of nasal continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). A CPAP machine delivers a steady flow of air pressure through a mask. The child wears the mask during sleep to assist with breathing. CPAP may be recommended for children whose sleep apnea does not improve after their tonsils and adenoids are removed, or if surgery is not recommended. […] A good night’s sleep is important to good health. If your child suffers from the symptoms of sleep apnea, talk with your pediatrician. A proper diagnosis and treatment can mean restful nights and restful days for your child and your family.

• #84 Patient education: Sleep apnea in adults (Beyond the Basics) – UpToDate

  https://www.uptodate.com/contents/sleep-apnea-in-adults-beyond-the-basics

  Avoiding alcohol and other sedatives — Alcohol can worsen sleepiness, increasing the risk of accidents or injury. People with OSA are often counseled to drink little to no alcohol, even during the daytime. Similarly, people who take anti-anxiety medications or sedatives to sleep should speak with their healthcare provider about the impact of these medications on sleep apnea. […] If you have OSA, you will need to notify other healthcare providers, including surgeons, about your condition and the potential risks of being sedated. People with OSA who are given perioperative anesthesia and/or pain medications require special management and close monitoring to reduce the risk of a blocked airway. […] […] Other treatments — While behavioral changes and CPAP are typically recommended as initial therapy for people with OSA, other treatments may be used in some situations.

• #85 Treating and Managing Sleep Apnea | American Lung Association

  https://www.lung.org/lung-health-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/sleep-apnea/treating-and-managing

  Be sure to tell your provider that you have sleep apnea and how it is being treated so that extra steps can be taken if needed to ensure your airway stays open during surgery. […] Follow the treatment plan that you and your healthcare provider established for the best possible outcomes. Go to all regularly scheduled appointments to make sure your plan continues to meet your needs.

• #86 6 Sleep Apnea Treatment Benefits​

  https://www.aarp.org/health/conditions-treatments/info-2024/sleep-apnea-treatment-benefits.html

  David told him that in the 90s, he was diagnosed with severe sleep apnea and was prescribed a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) machine that uses mild air pressure to keep a persons breathing airways open while they sleep. The neurologist felt that apnea was causing the problem. […] Treating sleep apnea can dramatically improve sleep quality and overall well-being, said Aarti Grover, M.D., medical director of the Center for Sleep Medicine at Tufts Medical Center. […] Effective treatment helps maintain consistent oxygen levels and stabilizes blood pressure, which in turn reduces the strain on the heart and blood vessels. […] Ensuring continuous oxygen flow to the brain prevents damage caused by chronic oxygen deprivation. […] Addressing sleep apnea can lead to significant improvements in these areas. […] Treating sleep apnea and snoring can enhance sexual health by improving hormone levels and increasing intimacy by allowing couples to share a bedroom again. […] Treating sleep apnea can be done in many ways, each with its own good points and things to think about.

• #87 Snoring Prevention & Sleep Apnea | Kenosha Breeze Family Dental | Broken Arrow, OK

  https://www.kenoshabreezefamilydental.com/services/specialty-dentistry/snoring-prevention-sleep-apnea/

  Sleep apnea is a condition in which your airways collapse or become blocked and breathing stops periodically during sleep. […] Treating sleep apnea depends on the severity of each individual case and the type of apnea. Basic treatments begin with patients making behavioral changes: Lose weight, Stop smoking, Decrease alcoholic beverages, Sleep on their sides instead of on their backs. […] If these changes do not improve the sleep apnea, patients need a professional evaluation to consider a custom MAD oral device that can be used to position the mouth in such a way that prevents throat blockage. […] The ongoing state of fatigue caused by sleep apnea can lead to problems at work or school, as well as danger when driving or operating heavy machinery. If you know or suspect you suffer from sleep apnea, let your family doctor know before taking prescribed medication or having surgery.

• #88 Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) – Pulmonary Disorders – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/pulmonary-disorders/sleep-apnea/obstructive-sleep-apnea-osa

  Control of risk factors such as obesity, alcohol use, and sedative use […] Initial treatment aims to control risk factors such as obesity, hypertension, alcohol use, and sedative use. Exercise decreases the AHI and increases alertness, independent of any effect on body mass index (BMI). […] Modest weight loss ( 15%) may result in clinically meaningful improvement but should not be considered curative for OSA. However, weight loss is extremely difficult for most people, especially those who are fatigued or sleepy. Weight loss as a result of bariatric surgery, however performed, can reduce the AHI and reduce symptoms. […] CPAP is the treatment of choice for most patients with OSA and subjective daytime sleepiness, including those in whom it causes cognitive impairment. Treatment of OSA with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) has been consistently shown to reduce sleepiness and snoring and improve bed partner sleep.

• #89 Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) – Pulmonary Disorders – Merck Manual Professional Edition

  https://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/pulmonary-disorders/sleep-apnea/obstructive-sleep-apnea-osa

  Treatment is directed at both risk factors and OSA itself. First-line direct therapy includes use of a CPAP device or an oral appliance. […] Surgical procedures to correct anatomic factors, such as enlarged tonsils and nasal polyps that contribute to upper airway obstruction, should be considered. […] An informed patient and family are better able to cope with an OSA treatment strategy, including tracheostomy. Patient support groups provide helpful information and effectively support timely treatment and follow-up.

• #90 Sleep Apnea: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/8718-sleep-apnea

  You cant prevent all causes of sleep apnea. But you can take steps to reduce your risk by: […] Reaching and maintaining a weight thats healthy for you […] Eating nutritious foods and participating in regular physical activities […] Practicing good sleep hygiene (like setting a regular bedtime and turning off electronics) […] Managing any existing health conditions, like high cholesterol, high blood pressure and Type 2 diabetes […] Seeing your healthcare provider at least once a year for a check-up […] Avoiding smoking and drinking beverages that contain alcohol.

• #91 Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA): Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/24443-obstructive-sleep-apnea-osa

  You cant prevent all cases of OSA. But you can take steps to reduce your risk and improve your overall sleep by: […] Eating nutritious foods and participating in regular physical activities […] Maintaining a healthy weight […] Practicing good sleep hygiene (like setting a bedtime routine and turning off electronic devices before bed) […] Managing any existing health conditions, such as high cholesterol, high blood pressure and Type 2 diabetes […] Not smoking and not drinking beverages that contain alcohol before bed […] Seeing your healthcare provider annually for a check-up.

• #92 How To Prevent Sleep Apnea

  https://www.health.com/sleep-apnea-prevention-7095701

  Sleep apnea is a condition that stops and restarts your breathing while you sleep, causing your airway to collapse or become blocked. […] However, you can make lifestyle changes that reduce your risk of developing the condition. These include getting regular exercise and avoiding alcohol and smoking. […] Healthcare providers recommend lifestyle changes to reduce your risk of sleep apnea. Some of these lifestyle habits might be big changes. […] Taking steps to lose weight, such as getting your body moving more and eating a nutritious diet that is right for you can help lower your obesityand thus, also decrease your risk of sleep apnea. […] In general, studies have found that quitting smoking is linked to improved sleep quality and decreased risk of sleep apnea, especially after nicotine withdrawal symptoms recede.

• #93 Treatments for obstructive sleep apnea: CPAP and beyond | Cleveland Clinic Journal of Medicine

  https://www.ccjm.org/content/90/12/755

  Treatment options for obstructive sleep apnea include positive airway pressure and alternatives such as behavioral interventions, oral appliances, nasal expiratory positive airway pressure, negative pressure interventions, and surgical procedures. Certain drugs are also promising. An important aspect of the treatment includes troubleshooting the reasons for poor adherence to positive airway pressure treatment, discussing alternatives based either on individual preference or on phenotypic characterization of the sleep apnea, and managing expectations. […] Therapy usually includes weight loss, exercise, positional therapy, and alcohol avoidance as adjuncts to CPAP, while other conservative treatments can be alternatives to it. […] The body mass index is an important predictor of obstructive sleep apnea and figures prominently in prediction scales. Conversely, in a longitudinal study, a 10% weight loss predicted a 26% decrease in AHI. Weight loss decreases the collapsibility of the airway as measured by the pharyngeal critical closing pressure, with near-complete resolution of apnea when the pharyngeal critical closing pressure drops below 4 cm H2O.

• #94 Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) Treatment & Management: Approach Considerations, Pharmacologic Therapy, Nasal CPAP Therapy

  https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/295807-treatment

  Patients should restrict their body positions during sleep. SDB is worse in the supine position, and some patients have apnea only in this position. Preventing the patient from assuming the supine position by using devices such as a snore ball (eg, a tennis ball sewn onto the back of the patients pajamas) or a gravity-activated position monitor may be useful. However, these devices are cumbersome and appear to benefit only those patients with mild OSA. […] Patients with marked obesity may benefit from sleeping in an upright position. Additionally, the FDA has approved a specially designed pillow (PillowPositive) for the treatment of snoring and mild OSA, which maintains the patients head and neck position during sleep to optimize UA patency. […] Patients should avoid smoking. Smoking increases the risk of snoring and apnea. Smoking cessation appears to decrease the risk. Individuals who smoke are also more likely than those who do not smoke to report problems with going to sleep, maintaining sleep, and daytime somnolence. […] Patients should avoid drinking alcohol and using other sedatives known to make apnea worse. Finally, patients should avoid sleep deprivation.

• #95 Sleep Apnea – Harvard Health

  https://www.health.harvard.edu/a_to_z/sleep-apnea-a-to-z

  You can help to prevent obstructive sleep apnea by maintaining a healthy weight. […] To reduce sleep apnea symptoms, avoid alcohol and sedatives.

• #96 Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea in Primary Care | AAFP

  https://www.aafp.org/pubs/afp/issues/2004/0201/p561.html

  The majority of patients who have obstructive sleep apnea are overweight. Sometimes losing even a modest amount of weight, such as 9.1 to 13.6 kg (20 to 30 lb), improves sleep apnea significantly. […] Raising the head of the bed and avoiding the supine position during sleep are methods of decreasing the incidence of apnea. […] Patients with mild sleep apnea tend to respond best to conservative measures. Those with greater degrees of sleep apnea should continue to use these measures while receiving more invasive therapy. […] Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) is the most consistently successful and extensively studied treatment for obstructive sleep apnea. […] Many patients with documented sleep apnea require more than conservative therapy. […] A recent systematic review concluded that CPAP therapy improves quality of sleep and reduces problems of excessive daytime sleepiness in patients with obstructive sleep apnea.

• #97 Behavioral & Mechanical Therapies for Obstructive Sleep Apnea | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/obstructive-sleep-apnea/treatments/behavioral-mechanical-therapies-for-obstructive-sleep-apnea

  Many people with obstructive sleep apnea find that noninvasive therapies help relieve snoring and reduce sleep apnea. […] People with obstructive sleep apnea can often manage symptoms by making lifestyle changes. […] For some people, losing weight may be all thats needed to improve sleep and reduce snoring and breathing interruptions. […] Drinking alcohol is a well-known contributor to snoring and apnea because it leads to a loss of muscle tone. […] Some people experience snoring and sleep apnea only when they sleep in a certain positionmost often lying flat on the back, which allows gravity to contribute to an airway obstruction. […] Mechanical therapies involve noninvasive devices that help prevent obstructive sleep apnea. […] A continuous positive airway pressure, or CPAP, device is a small bedside air pump connected to a face mask.

• #98 Treating and Managing Sleep Apnea | American Lung Association

  https://www.lung.org/lung-health-diseases/lung-disease-lookup/sleep-apnea/treating-and-managing

  Be sure to tell your provider that you have sleep apnea and how it is being treated so that extra steps can be taken if needed to ensure your airway stays open during surgery. […] Follow the treatment plan that you and your healthcare provider established for the best possible outcomes. Go to all regularly scheduled appointments to make sure your plan continues to meet your needs.

• #99 Sleep Apnea: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

  https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/8718-sleep-apnea

  You cant prevent all causes of sleep apnea. But you can take steps to reduce your risk by: […] Reaching and maintaining a weight thats healthy for you […] Eating nutritious foods and participating in regular physical activities […] Practicing good sleep hygiene (like setting a regular bedtime and turning off electronics) […] Managing any existing health conditions, like high cholesterol, high blood pressure and Type 2 diabetes […] Seeing your healthcare provider at least once a year for a check-up […] Avoiding smoking and drinking beverages that contain alcohol.

• #100 Sleep apnea – Diagnosis and treatment – Mayo Clinic

  https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/sleep-apnea/diagnosis-treatment/drc-20377636

  To eliminate snoring and prevent sleep apnea, a health care professional may recommend a device called a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) machine. A CPAP machine delivers just enough air pressure to a mask to keep the upper airway passages open, preventing snoring and sleep apnea. […] For milder cases of sleep apnea, your health care provider may recommend only lifestyle changes, such as losing weight or quitting smoking. You may need to change the position in which you sleep. If you have nasal allergies, your provider may recommend treatment for your allergies. […] In some cases, self-care might be a way for you to deal with obstructive sleep apnea and possibly central sleep apnea. Try these tips: Lose excess weight. Even a slight weight loss might help relieve constriction of your throat. In some cases, sleep apnea can resolve if you return to a healthy weight, but it can recur if you regain the weight.

• #101 Behavioral & Mechanical Therapies for Obstructive Sleep Apnea | NYU Langone Health

  https://nyulangone.org/conditions/obstructive-sleep-apnea/treatments/behavioral-mechanical-therapies-for-obstructive-sleep-apnea

  CPAP pushes air through the nose and mouth to inflate the upper airway. […] If nasal congestion is contributing to obstructive sleep apnea, a doctor may also prescribe a corticosteroid medication that you spray into the nose daily. […] Your doctor may recommend a mouth guard, technically called a mandibular advancement device, to shift the lower jaw forward and create more space for air to flow through the throat.

• #102 6 Sleep Apnea Treatment Benefits​

  https://www.aarp.org/health/conditions-treatments/info-2024/sleep-apnea-treatment-benefits.html

  David told him that in the 90s, he was diagnosed with severe sleep apnea and was prescribed a continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) machine that uses mild air pressure to keep a persons breathing airways open while they sleep. The neurologist felt that apnea was causing the problem. […] Treating sleep apnea can dramatically improve sleep quality and overall well-being, said Aarti Grover, M.D., medical director of the Center for Sleep Medicine at Tufts Medical Center. […] Effective treatment helps maintain consistent oxygen levels and stabilizes blood pressure, which in turn reduces the strain on the heart and blood vessels. […] Ensuring continuous oxygen flow to the brain prevents damage caused by chronic oxygen deprivation. […] Addressing sleep apnea can lead to significant improvements in these areas. […] Treating sleep apnea and snoring can enhance sexual health by improving hormone levels and increasing intimacy by allowing couples to share a bedroom again. […] Treating sleep apnea can be done in many ways, each with its own good points and things to think about.

• #103 Upper airway stimulation therapy – Mayo Clinic Health System

  https://www.mayoclinichealthsystem.org/hometown-health/speaking-of-health/upper-airway-stimulation-therapy

  A restful night’s sleep is more than just rejuvenating, it improves your health, memory and mood. Yet for millions of U.S. adults, restful sleep is elusive because they have obstructive sleep apnea. […] Upper airway stimulation therapy using a hypoglossal nerve stimulator is an option for people who are unable to tolerate their CPAPs. It’s been approved by the Food and Drug Administration for the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea. […] Upper airway stimulation therapy is a safe, effective option for many people with obstructive sleep apnea; however, it’s not appropriate for everyone. […] Getting consistent quality sleep improves your overall health and well-being in many ways. Untreated sleep apnea can cause various problems, including excessive daytime sleepiness that may lead to accidents, memory problems, and an increased risk of heart attacks and heart rhythm problems.

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