Cukrzyca – Objawy

Cukrzyca
Objawy

Cukrzyca (diabetes mellitus) to przewlekła choroba charakteryzująca się hiperglikemią, której objawy różnią się w zależności od typu choroby. W cukrzycy typu 1 objawy rozwijają się szybko i obejmują polidypsję, poliurię, polifagię, utratę masy ciała, zmęczenie, zaburzenia widzenia oraz objawy kwasicy ketonowej. Cukrzyca typu 2 często przebiega bezobjawowo lub z łagodnymi symptomami, takimi jak neuropatia obwodowa, nawracające infekcje i powolne gojenie ran. Diagnostyka opiera się na pomiarze glikemii na czczo (≥126 mg/dl), testach doustnego obciążenia glukozą, hemoglobinie glikowanej (HbA1c ≥6,5%) oraz przypadkowym pomiarze glikemii ≥200 mg/dl z objawami hiperglikemii. Cukrzyca typu 1 przebiega w trzech stadiach, od obecności autoprzeciwciał bez objawów, przez dysglicemię, aż do pełnoobjawowej choroby z destrukcją komórek beta trzustki. Cukrzyca typu 2 rozwija się stopniowo, począwszy od insulinooporności, przez stan przedcukrzycowy, aż do pełnoobjawowej choroby z powikłaniami naczyniowymi i neuropatią.

Objawy Cukrzycy

Cukrzyca (diabetes mellitus) to przewlekła choroba, w której występuje wysoki poziom glukozy we krwi. Objawy cukrzycy są zależne od typu choroby oraz od stopnia nasilenia hiperglikemii. Niektóre osoby, szczególnie z cukrzycą typu 2 lub cukrzycą ciążową, mogą nie wykazywać żadnych objawów. Natomiast w cukrzycy typu 1 objawy często rozwijają się szybko i mają bardziej nasilony charakter.¹²

Klasyczne objawy cukrzycy

Do najczęstszych objawów cukrzycy należą:

Wzmożone pragnienie (polidypsja) – spowodowane odwodnieniem wynikającym z nadmiernego wydalania moczu¹²
Częste oddawanie moczu (poliuria) – zwiększona ilość glukozy w krwi powoduje, że nerki pracują intensywniej, aby pozbyć się nadmiaru cukru, co prowadzi do zwiększonego wytwarzania moczu³⁴
Zwiększone uczucie głodu (polifagia) – pomimo przyjmowania pokarmów, organizm nie może wykorzystać glukozy jako źródła energii⁵⁶
Utrata masy ciała pomimo braku stosowania diety – organizm zaczyna wykorzystywać tłuszcz i białka jako źródło energii⁷⁸
Zmęczenie i osłabienie – wynik niedostatecznego dostarczania glukozy do komórek⁹¹⁰
Zaburzenia widzenia – zmiany poziomu glukozy we krwi mogą powodować puchnięcie soczewek oka, co prowadzi do nieostrego widzenia¹¹¹²

Dodatkowe objawy cukrzycy

Oprócz klasycznych objawów mogą występować również:

Wolne gojenie się ran – wysoki poziom glukozy osłabia przepływ krwi i naturalną zdolność organizmu do gojenia¹³¹⁴
Mrowienie lub drętwienie dłoni i stóp (neuropatia cukrzycowa) – spowodowane uszkodzeniem nerwów na skutek długotrwałej hiperglikemii¹⁵¹⁶
Częste infekcje – szczególnie zakażenia skóry, układu moczowego oraz zakażenia grzybicze¹⁷¹⁸
Sucha, swędząca skóra – wynik odwodnienia oraz zaburzeń mikrokrążenia¹⁹²⁰
Zmiany nastroju, drażliwość – wpływ wahań poziomu glukozy na funkcje poznawcze i nastrój²¹
Obecność ciał ketonowych w moczu – produkt rozpadu tłuszczu i mięśni, pojawiający się przy niedoborze insuliny²²

Różnice w objawach między typami cukrzycy

Objawy cukrzycy mogą się różnić w zależności od typu schorzenia:²³²⁴

Cukrzyca typu 1 – objawy rozwijają się szybko, w ciągu kilku tygodni lub miesięcy, i są zwykle bardziej nasilone. Często pojawia się gwałtowny spadek masy ciała. Mogą wystąpić nudności, wymioty lub bóle brzucha.²⁵²⁶
Cukrzyca typu 2 – objawy rozwijają się powoli, często przez lata, i mogą być subtelne lub całkowicie nieobecne. Wiele osób diagnozowanych jest dopiero po rozwinięciu się powikłań. Oprócz typowych objawów częściej występują drętwienia, mrowienia stóp i dłoni oraz nawracające infekcje.²⁷²⁸
Cukrzyca ciążowa – zwykle nie powoduje zauważalnych objawów, a jej rozpoznanie następuje w wyniku rutynowych badań przesiewowych przeprowadzanych między 24. a 28. tygodniem ciąży.²⁹³⁰

Kwalifikacja objawów i nasilenie cukrzycy

Objawy cukrzycy mogą się różnić pod względem nasilenia, a niektóre osoby mogą doświadczać bardzo łagodnych objawów lub nie mieć ich wcale. Szacuje się, że około połowa osób z cukrzycą typu 2 nie wie o swojej chorobie, ponieważ objawy rozwijają się powoli i mogą być łatwo przeoczone.³¹³²

U osób z podejrzeniem cukrzycy lekarz może zlecić następujące badania diagnostyczne:³³

Pomiar glikemii na czczo – cukrzycę rozpoznaje się, gdy stężenie glukozy wynosi ≥126 mg/dl (7,0 mmol/l)
Test doustnego obciążenia glukozą
Pomiar hemoglobiny glikowanej (HbA1c) – wartość ≥6,5% wskazuje na cukrzycę
Przypadkowy pomiar glikemii ≥200 mg/dl (11,1 mmol/l) z objawami hiperglikemii

Progresja cukrzycy

Cukrzyca typu 1 – stadia rozwoju

Cukrzyca typu 1 rozwija się w następujących stadiach:³⁴³⁵³⁶

Stadium 1 – obecność co najmniej dwóch autoprzeciwciał związanych z cukrzycą, ale z prawidłowym poziomem glukozy we krwi i brakiem objawów. Układ odpornościowy rozpoczął już atak na komórki beta trzustki, chociaż poziom cukru we krwi pozostaje w normie.
Stadium 2 – obecność autoprzeciwciał z nieprawidłowym poziomem glukozy (dysglicemia), ale nadal bez objawów klinicznych. W tym stadium nastąpiła już utrata około 50% funkcji komórek beta.
Stadium 3 – kliniczne rozpoznanie cukrzycy typu 1 z objawami takimi jak wzmożone pragnienie, częste oddawanie moczu, utrata masy ciała i zmęczenie. Większość komórek beta trzustki została zniszczona, co prowadzi do znacznego niedoboru insuliny.

Po rozpoznaniu cukrzycy typu 1 u niektórych osób może wystąpić faza prawie normalnego poziomu glukozy (faza miodowego miesiąca) z powodu częściowego powrotu wydzielania insuliny.³⁷

Cukrzyca typu 2 – progresja choroby

Cukrzyca typu 2 jest chorobą postępującą, która rozwija się przez dłuższy czas. Progresja obejmuje kilka etapów:³⁸³⁹⁴⁰

Insulinooporność – organizm staje się mniej wrażliwy na działanie insuliny. Początkowo trzustka produkuje więcej insuliny, aby utrzymać prawidłowy poziom glukozy, ale z czasem nie jest w stanie nadążyć za rosnącym zapotrzebowaniem.⁴¹⁴²
Stan przedcukrzycowy (prediabetes) – poziom glukozy jest wyższy niż normalny, ale nie na tyle wysoki, aby zdiagnozować cukrzycę. Jest to stan odwracalny poprzez zmiany stylu życia.⁴³⁴⁴
Cukrzyca typu 2 – charakteryzuje się niedoborem insuliny lub jej nieefektywnym działaniem, co prowadzi do podwyższonego poziomu glukozy we krwi. Część osób może nie wykazywać żadnych objawów przez wiele lat.⁴⁵⁴⁶
Cukrzyca typu 2 z powikłaniami naczyniowymi – długotrwale podwyższony poziom glukozy prowadzi do uszkodzenia naczyń krwionośnych i nerwów, co skutkuje powikłaniami takimi jak neuropatia, nefropatia czy retinopatia.⁴⁷⁴⁸

Progresja cukrzycy typu 2 jest związana z postępującym upośledzeniem funkcji komórek beta trzustki, które początkuje się nawet 12 lat przed diagnozą i kontynuuje się w trakcie choroby.⁴⁹⁵⁰

Czynniki wpływające na progresję

Na szybkość progresji cukrzycy wpływają różne czynniki:⁵¹⁵²

Genetyka – predyspozycje genetyczne mogą wpływać na szybkość rozwoju choroby
Wiek – osoby starsze często doświadczają szybszego postępu choroby
Styl życia – dieta, aktywność fizyczna i kontrola masy ciała
Skuteczność leczenia – odpowiednie leczenie może spowolnić progresję
Współistniejące choroby – takie jak nadciśnienie, dyslipidemia czy otyłość

Warto zauważyć, że cukrzyca typu 2 postępuje w różnym tempie u różnych osób. Niektórzy mogą doświadczać szybszej progresji, podczas gdy u innych choroba rozwija się wolniej.⁵³

Powikłania cukrzycy

Długotrwale podwyższony poziom glukozy we krwi prowadzi do licznych powikłań, które mogą dotknąć praktycznie każdy narząd w organizmie. Ryzyko wystąpienia powikłań wzrasta wraz z czasem trwania choroby i stopniem kontroli glikemii.⁵⁴⁵⁵

Powikłania sercowo-naczyniowe

Cukrzyca znacząco zwiększa ryzyko chorób sercowo-naczyniowych:⁵⁶⁵⁷

Choroba wieńcowa z bólem w klatce piersiowej (dławica piersiowa)
Zawał serca – ryzyko jest 2-4 razy wyższe u osób z cukrzycą
Udar mózgu – osoby z cukrzycą mają dwukrotnie większe ryzyko udaru
Miażdżyca tętnic – zwężenie naczyń krwionośnych
Choroba tętnic obwodowych – zaburzenia krążenia w kończynach

Powikłania neurologiczne

Wysokie stężenie glukozy powoduje uszkodzenie nerwów (neuropatia cukrzycowa):⁵⁸⁵⁹

Neuropatia obwodowa – mrowienie, drętwienie, pieczenie lub ból, zwykle zaczynający się od palców stóp lub dłoni i stopniowo rozszerzający się w górę
Neuropatia autonomiczna – zaburzenia czynności narządów wewnętrznych, objawiające się problemami z trawieniem, nudnościami, wymiotami, biegunką lub zaparciem
Zaburzenia erekcji u mężczyzn – związane z uszkodzeniem nerwów i naczyń krwionośnych

Powikłania nerkowe

Nefropatia cukrzycowa jest jedną z głównych przyczyn przewlekłej choroby nerek:⁶⁰⁶¹

Uszkodzenie kłębuszków nerkowych, które filtrują odpady z krwi
Albuminuria – obecność białka w moczu
Postępująca niewydolność nerek, która może wymagać dializy lub przeszczepu

Powikłania oczne

Retinopatia cukrzycowa to uszkodzenie naczyń krwionośnych siatkówki:⁶²⁶³

Zaburzenia widzenia
Jaskra
Zaćma
Ślepota – cukrzyca jest wiodącą przyczyną ślepoty u dorosłych

Powikłania dermatologiczne

Cukrzyca zwiększa podatność na problemy skórne:⁶⁴

Zakażenia bakteryjne i grzybicze skóry
Wolniejsze gojenie się ran i owrzodzeń
Suchość i świąd skóry

Powikłania stopy cukrzycowej

Kombinacja uszkodzenia nerwów i słabego przepływu krwi zwiększa ryzyko powikłań stóp:⁶⁵⁶⁶

Owrzodzenia stóp
Infekcje
Zgorzel – w skrajnych przypadkach może prowadzić do amputacji

Ostre powikłania cukrzycy

Poza powikłaniami przewlekłymi, cukrzyca może prowadzić do ostrych, zagrażających życiu stanów:⁶⁷⁶⁸

Kwasica ketonowa (DKA) – stan zagrażający życiu występujący głównie w cukrzycy typu 1, gdy w organizmie brakuje insuliny, co prowadzi do gromadzenia się ciał ketonowych. Objawy obejmują nudności, wymioty, bóle brzucha, przyspieszony oddech, a w ciężkich przypadkach utratę przytomności.
Hiperglikemiczny stan hiperosmolarny (HHS) – poważne powikłanie cukrzycy typu 2, charakteryzujące się bardzo wysokim poziomem glukozy we krwi, prowadzącym do ciężkiego odwodnienia i zaburzeń świadomości.
Hipoglikemia – zbyt niski poziom cukru we krwi, zwykle wynikający z przedawkowania insuliny lub leków przeciwcukrzycowych. Objawia się drżeniem, poceniem się, kołataniem serca, dezorientacją, a w ciężkich przypadkach utratą przytomności.

Inne powikłania

Długotrwała cukrzyca może również zwiększać ryzyko:⁶⁹⁷⁰

Zaburzenia słuchu
Choroba Alzheimera i inne formy demencji
Depresja – objawy depresji są częstsze u osób z cukrzycą typu 1 i 2
Zwiększona podatność na infekcje – w tym infekcje dróg moczowych, skóry i płuc

Wnioski – znaczenie wczesnego rozpoznania

Wczesne rozpoznanie i leczenie cukrzycy ma kluczowe znaczenie dla zminimalizowania ryzyka powikłań. Szacuje się, że nieprawidłowe leczenie chronicznej hiperglikemii skraca długość życia i pogarsza jego jakość.⁷¹⁷²

Osoby z grupy ryzyka powinny regularnie badać poziom glukozy we krwi, a wszyscy dorośli powyżej 35. roku życia powinni być rutynowo badani w kierunku cukrzycy. W przypadku osób z nadwagą i dodatkowymi czynnikami ryzyka, badania przesiewowe powinny rozpocząć się wcześniej.⁷³

Skuteczne leczenie cukrzycy obejmuje kontrolę poziomu glukozy we krwi poprzez odpowiednią dietę, aktywność fizyczną, a w razie potrzeby leki lub insulinę. Oprócz tego ważna jest kontrola ciśnienia tętniczego i lipidów w celu zmniejszenia ryzyka powikłań sercowo-naczyniowych oraz regularne badania oczu, nerek i stóp umożliwiające wczesne wykrycie i leczenie powikłań.⁷⁴

W przypadku cukrzycy typu 2 wczesne rozpoznanie i wdrożenie zmian stylu życia może spowolnić progresję choroby, a w niektórych przypadkach nawet doprowadzić do remisji. Jednak nawet w przypadku remisji, osoby z cukrzycą wymagają regularnego monitorowania i odpowiedniej opieki medycznej przez całe życie.⁷⁵⁷⁶

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Materiały źródłowe

#1 Diabetes – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20371444
Diabetes symptoms depend on how high your blood sugar is. Some people, especially if they have prediabetes, gestational diabetes or type 2 diabetes, may not have symptoms. In type 1 diabetes, symptoms tend to come on quickly and be more severe. […] Some of the symptoms of type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes are: Feeling more thirsty than usual. Urinating often. Losing weight without trying. Presence of ketones in the urine. Ketones are a byproduct of the breakdown of muscle and fat that happens when there’s not enough available insulin. Feeling tired and weak. Feeling irritable or having other mood changes. Having blurry vision. Having slow-healing sores. Getting a lot of infections, such as gum, skin and vaginal infections. […] Type 1 diabetes can start at any age. But it often starts during childhood or teen years. Type 2 diabetes, the more common type, can develop at any age. Type 2 diabetes is more common in people older than 40. But type 2 diabetes in children is increasing.
#2 Diabetes: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Types
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/7104-diabetes
Diabetes is a condition that happens when your blood sugar (glucose) is too high. It develops when your pancreas doesn’t make enough insulin or any at all, or when your body isn’t responding to the effects of insulin properly. Diabetes affects people of all ages. Most forms of diabetes are chronic (lifelong), and all forms are manageable with medications and/or lifestyle changes. […] Over time, having consistently high blood glucose can cause health problems, such as heart disease, nerve damage and eye issues. […] Symptoms of diabetes include increased thirst, frequent urination and slow-healing cuts and sores. The severity of symptoms can vary based on the type of diabetes you have. These symptoms are usually more intense in Type 1 diabetes than Type 2 diabetes. […] Symptoms of T1D can develop quickly over a few weeks or months. You may develop additional symptoms that are signs of a severe complication called diabetes-related ketoacidosis (DKA). DKA is life-threatening and requires immediate medical treatment.
#2 Diabetes Symptoms & Early Warning Signs: Know When to Take Action
https://diabetes.org/about-diabetes/warning-signs-symptoms
Know the warning signs and symptoms of diabetes and diabetes complications so you can take action to improve your health. […] The following symptoms of diabetes are typical. However, some people with diabetes have symptoms so mild that they go unnoticed. […] Common symptoms of diabetes: Urinating often, Feeling very thirsty, Feeling very hungry even though you are eating, Extreme fatigue,
#3 Early Signs of Diabetes
https://www.webmd.com/diabetes/understanding-diabetes-symptoms
Extreme thirst is one of the most common early symptoms of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. […] Increased hunger […] A lack of insulin and glucose can also make you more tired than usual. […] The average person usually has to pee about four to seven times in 24 hours, but people with diabetes may go a lot more. […] Because you’re peeing so much, you can get very thirsty. […] Because your body is using fluids to make pee, there’s less moisture for other things. […] Your skin could also feel dry, which may start to itch as well. […] Changing fluid levels in your body could cause the lenses in your eyes to swell. […] If your body can’t get energy from your food, it will start burning muscle and fat for energy instead. […] Most early symptoms are due to higher-than-normal glucose levels in your blood.
#4 Diabetes symptoms: When diabetes symptoms are a concern
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/in-depth/diabetes-symptoms/art-20044248
Recognizing possible diabetes symptoms can lead to early diagnosis and treatment. That can help prevent complications of diabetes and lead to a lifetime of better health. […] Being very thirsty and urinating often are common diabetes symptoms. In people who have diabetes, extra sugar which also is called glucose builds up in the blood. This forces the kidneys to work overtime to filter and absorb the extra sugar. […] Diabetes can make you feel very tired. This is called fatigue. It happens because high blood sugar disrupts the body’s ability to use sugar for energy. Dehydration from increased urination also can leave you feeling tired. […] When you lose sugar through frequent urination, you also lose calories. Along with dehydration, this can cause rapid weight loss. That’s especially true in people who have type 1 diabetes. But it also can happen in some people with type 2 diabetes.
#5 Diabetes Symptoms & Early Warning Signs: Know When to Take Action
https://diabetes.org/about-diabetes/warning-signs-symptoms
Know the warning signs and symptoms of diabetes and diabetes complications so you can take action to improve your health. […] The following symptoms of diabetes are typical. However, some people with diabetes have symptoms so mild that they go unnoticed. […] Common symptoms of diabetes: Urinating often, Feeling very thirsty, Feeling very hungry even though you are eating, Extreme fatigue,
#6 What Are the Early Symptoms of Type 2 Diabetes? – Scripps Health
https://www.scripps.org/news_items/4260-what-are-the-early-signs-of-type-2-diabetes
Type 2 diabetes symptoms can take years to develop and include: […] Frequent urination: When blood sugar levels are high, the kidneys try to remove the extra sugar. This can lead to more trips to the bathroom, especially at night. […] Increased thirst: Frequent urination helps remove extra sugar from the blood. However, over time, it can lead to dehydration and increased thirst. […] Hunger: People with diabetes often do not get enough energy from their food. As a result, they frequently feel hungry. […] Weakness and fatigue: Not enough sugar moving from the blood into the bodys cells can lower a persons energy. This can lead to tiredness and fatigue. […] Numbness or tingling in hands, legs or feet: High blood sugar can harm blood circulation and damage nerves. This may cause pain, tingling or numbness in the hands and feet.
#7 Diabetes – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20371444
Diabetes symptoms depend on how high your blood sugar is. Some people, especially if they have prediabetes, gestational diabetes or type 2 diabetes, may not have symptoms. In type 1 diabetes, symptoms tend to come on quickly and be more severe. […] Some of the symptoms of type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes are: Feeling more thirsty than usual. Urinating often. Losing weight without trying. Presence of ketones in the urine. Ketones are a byproduct of the breakdown of muscle and fat that happens when there’s not enough available insulin. Feeling tired and weak. Feeling irritable or having other mood changes. Having blurry vision. Having slow-healing sores. Getting a lot of infections, such as gum, skin and vaginal infections. […] Type 1 diabetes can start at any age. But it often starts during childhood or teen years. Type 2 diabetes, the more common type, can develop at any age. Type 2 diabetes is more common in people older than 40. But type 2 diabetes in children is increasing.
#8 Diabetes symptoms: When diabetes symptoms are a concern
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/in-depth/diabetes-symptoms/art-20044248
Recognizing possible diabetes symptoms can lead to early diagnosis and treatment. That can help prevent complications of diabetes and lead to a lifetime of better health. […] Being very thirsty and urinating often are common diabetes symptoms. In people who have diabetes, extra sugar which also is called glucose builds up in the blood. This forces the kidneys to work overtime to filter and absorb the extra sugar. […] Diabetes can make you feel very tired. This is called fatigue. It happens because high blood sugar disrupts the body’s ability to use sugar for energy. Dehydration from increased urination also can leave you feeling tired. […] When you lose sugar through frequent urination, you also lose calories. Along with dehydration, this can cause rapid weight loss. That’s especially true in people who have type 1 diabetes. But it also can happen in some people with type 2 diabetes.
#9 Early Signs of Diabetes
https://www.webmd.com/diabetes/understanding-diabetes-symptoms
Extreme thirst is one of the most common early symptoms of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. […] Increased hunger […] A lack of insulin and glucose can also make you more tired than usual. […] The average person usually has to pee about four to seven times in 24 hours, but people with diabetes may go a lot more. […] Because you’re peeing so much, you can get very thirsty. […] Because your body is using fluids to make pee, there’s less moisture for other things. […] Your skin could also feel dry, which may start to itch as well. […] Changing fluid levels in your body could cause the lenses in your eyes to swell. […] If your body can’t get energy from your food, it will start burning muscle and fat for energy instead. […] Most early symptoms are due to higher-than-normal glucose levels in your blood.
#10 Diabetes Symptoms & Early Warning Signs: Know When to Take Action
https://diabetes.org/about-diabetes/warning-signs-symptoms
Know the warning signs and symptoms of diabetes and diabetes complications so you can take action to improve your health. […] The following symptoms of diabetes are typical. However, some people with diabetes have symptoms so mild that they go unnoticed. […] Common symptoms of diabetes: Urinating often, Feeling very thirsty, Feeling very hungry even though you are eating, Extreme fatigue,
#11 Diabetes symptoms: When diabetes symptoms are a concern
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/in-depth/diabetes-symptoms/art-20044248
Diabetes symptoms sometimes involve eyesight. High levels of blood sugar pull fluid from the body’s tissues, including the lenses of the eyes. This affects the eyes’ ability to focus. […] High levels of blood sugar can cause poor blood flow and damage the body’s natural healing process. Because of this, people with diabetes may notice slow-healing sores, especially on the feet. […] Although it’s a less common symptom, tingling and a loss of sensation, called numbness, can happen in the hands and feet of people with diabetes. […] Diabetes may weaken the body’s ability to fight germs. That raises the risk of infection in the gums and in the bones that hold the teeth in place. […] If you notice any possible symptoms of diabetes, contact a member of your health care team. Diabetes is a serious condition. The earlier it’s diagnosed, the sooner treatment can begin.
#12 Early Signs of Diabetes
https://www.webmd.com/diabetes/understanding-diabetes-symptoms
Extreme thirst is one of the most common early symptoms of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. […] Increased hunger […] A lack of insulin and glucose can also make you more tired than usual. […] The average person usually has to pee about four to seven times in 24 hours, but people with diabetes may go a lot more. […] Because you’re peeing so much, you can get very thirsty. […] Because your body is using fluids to make pee, there’s less moisture for other things. […] Your skin could also feel dry, which may start to itch as well. […] Changing fluid levels in your body could cause the lenses in your eyes to swell. […] If your body can’t get energy from your food, it will start burning muscle and fat for energy instead. […] Most early symptoms are due to higher-than-normal glucose levels in your blood.
#13 Diabetes symptoms: When diabetes symptoms are a concern
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/in-depth/diabetes-symptoms/art-20044248
Diabetes symptoms sometimes involve eyesight. High levels of blood sugar pull fluid from the body’s tissues, including the lenses of the eyes. This affects the eyes’ ability to focus. […] High levels of blood sugar can cause poor blood flow and damage the body’s natural healing process. Because of this, people with diabetes may notice slow-healing sores, especially on the feet. […] Although it’s a less common symptom, tingling and a loss of sensation, called numbness, can happen in the hands and feet of people with diabetes. […] Diabetes may weaken the body’s ability to fight germs. That raises the risk of infection in the gums and in the bones that hold the teeth in place. […] If you notice any possible symptoms of diabetes, contact a member of your health care team. Diabetes is a serious condition. The earlier it’s diagnosed, the sooner treatment can begin.
#14 Diabetes – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20371444
Diabetes symptoms depend on how high your blood sugar is. Some people, especially if they have prediabetes, gestational diabetes or type 2 diabetes, may not have symptoms. In type 1 diabetes, symptoms tend to come on quickly and be more severe. […] Some of the symptoms of type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes are: Feeling more thirsty than usual. Urinating often. Losing weight without trying. Presence of ketones in the urine. Ketones are a byproduct of the breakdown of muscle and fat that happens when there’s not enough available insulin. Feeling tired and weak. Feeling irritable or having other mood changes. Having blurry vision. Having slow-healing sores. Getting a lot of infections, such as gum, skin and vaginal infections. […] Type 1 diabetes can start at any age. But it often starts during childhood or teen years. Type 2 diabetes, the more common type, can develop at any age. Type 2 diabetes is more common in people older than 40. But type 2 diabetes in children is increasing.
#15 Diabetes symptoms: When diabetes symptoms are a concern
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/in-depth/diabetes-symptoms/art-20044248
Diabetes symptoms sometimes involve eyesight. High levels of blood sugar pull fluid from the body’s tissues, including the lenses of the eyes. This affects the eyes’ ability to focus. […] High levels of blood sugar can cause poor blood flow and damage the body’s natural healing process. Because of this, people with diabetes may notice slow-healing sores, especially on the feet. […] Although it’s a less common symptom, tingling and a loss of sensation, called numbness, can happen in the hands and feet of people with diabetes. […] Diabetes may weaken the body’s ability to fight germs. That raises the risk of infection in the gums and in the bones that hold the teeth in place. […] If you notice any possible symptoms of diabetes, contact a member of your health care team. Diabetes is a serious condition. The earlier it’s diagnosed, the sooner treatment can begin.
#16 Diabetes – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20371444
Long-term complications of diabetes develop gradually. The longer you have diabetes and the less controlled your blood sugar the higher the risk of complications. Eventually, diabetes complications may be disabling or even life-threatening. In fact, prediabetes can lead to type 2 diabetes. Possible complications include: Heart and blood vessel (cardiovascular) disease. Diabetes majorly increases the risk of many heart problems. These can include coronary artery disease with chest pain (angina), heart attack, stroke and narrowing of arteries (atherosclerosis). If you have diabetes, you’re more likely to have heart disease or stroke. […] Nerve damage from diabetes (diabetic neuropathy). Too much sugar can injure the walls of the tiny blood vessels (capillaries) that nourish the nerves, especially in the legs. This can cause tingling, numbness, burning or pain that usually begins at the tips of the toes or fingers and gradually spreads upward. Damage to the nerves related to digestion can cause problems with nausea, vomiting, diarrhea or constipation. For men, it may lead to erectile dysfunction.
#17 Symptoms of type 2 diabetes and how it’s diagnosed – NHS
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/type-2-diabetes/symptoms/
The most common symptoms of type 2 diabetes are: feeling very tired, peeing more than usual, feeling thirsty all the time, losing weight without trying to. […] Other symptoms can include: blurred vision, cuts or wounds taking longer to heal, itching around your penis or vagina, or you keep getting thrush. […] If you get symptoms (not everyone gets them), they may develop gradually. […] The symptoms can be similar to type 1 diabetes, but type 1 diabetes usually develops more quickly and is more common in younger people. […] Not everyone with type 2 diabetes has symptoms, so it’s important to get checked out. […] Most people do not have symptoms of type 2 diabetes, such as peeing more, feeling tired and losing weight without trying.
#18 Diabetes – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20371444
Diabetes symptoms depend on how high your blood sugar is. Some people, especially if they have prediabetes, gestational diabetes or type 2 diabetes, may not have symptoms. In type 1 diabetes, symptoms tend to come on quickly and be more severe. […] Some of the symptoms of type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes are: Feeling more thirsty than usual. Urinating often. Losing weight without trying. Presence of ketones in the urine. Ketones are a byproduct of the breakdown of muscle and fat that happens when there’s not enough available insulin. Feeling tired and weak. Feeling irritable or having other mood changes. Having blurry vision. Having slow-healing sores. Getting a lot of infections, such as gum, skin and vaginal infections. […] Type 1 diabetes can start at any age. But it often starts during childhood or teen years. Type 2 diabetes, the more common type, can develop at any age. Type 2 diabetes is more common in people older than 40. But type 2 diabetes in children is increasing.
#19 Early Signs of Diabetes
https://www.webmd.com/diabetes/understanding-diabetes-symptoms
Extreme thirst is one of the most common early symptoms of both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. […] Increased hunger […] A lack of insulin and glucose can also make you more tired than usual. […] The average person usually has to pee about four to seven times in 24 hours, but people with diabetes may go a lot more. […] Because you’re peeing so much, you can get very thirsty. […] Because your body is using fluids to make pee, there’s less moisture for other things. […] Your skin could also feel dry, which may start to itch as well. […] Changing fluid levels in your body could cause the lenses in your eyes to swell. […] If your body can’t get energy from your food, it will start burning muscle and fat for energy instead. […] Most early symptoms are due to higher-than-normal glucose levels in your blood.
#20 Symptoms of type 2 diabetes and how it’s diagnosed – NHS
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/type-2-diabetes/symptoms/
The most common symptoms of type 2 diabetes are: feeling very tired, peeing more than usual, feeling thirsty all the time, losing weight without trying to. […] Other symptoms can include: blurred vision, cuts or wounds taking longer to heal, itching around your penis or vagina, or you keep getting thrush. […] If you get symptoms (not everyone gets them), they may develop gradually. […] The symptoms can be similar to type 1 diabetes, but type 1 diabetes usually develops more quickly and is more common in younger people. […] Not everyone with type 2 diabetes has symptoms, so it’s important to get checked out. […] Most people do not have symptoms of type 2 diabetes, such as peeing more, feeling tired and losing weight without trying.
#21 Diabetes – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20371444
Diabetes symptoms depend on how high your blood sugar is. Some people, especially if they have prediabetes, gestational diabetes or type 2 diabetes, may not have symptoms. In type 1 diabetes, symptoms tend to come on quickly and be more severe. […] Some of the symptoms of type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes are: Feeling more thirsty than usual. Urinating often. Losing weight without trying. Presence of ketones in the urine. Ketones are a byproduct of the breakdown of muscle and fat that happens when there’s not enough available insulin. Feeling tired and weak. Feeling irritable or having other mood changes. Having blurry vision. Having slow-healing sores. Getting a lot of infections, such as gum, skin and vaginal infections. […] Type 1 diabetes can start at any age. But it often starts during childhood or teen years. Type 2 diabetes, the more common type, can develop at any age. Type 2 diabetes is more common in people older than 40. But type 2 diabetes in children is increasing.
#22 Diabetes – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20371444
Diabetes symptoms depend on how high your blood sugar is. Some people, especially if they have prediabetes, gestational diabetes or type 2 diabetes, may not have symptoms. In type 1 diabetes, symptoms tend to come on quickly and be more severe. […] Some of the symptoms of type 1 diabetes and type 2 diabetes are: Feeling more thirsty than usual. Urinating often. Losing weight without trying. Presence of ketones in the urine. Ketones are a byproduct of the breakdown of muscle and fat that happens when there’s not enough available insulin. Feeling tired and weak. Feeling irritable or having other mood changes. Having blurry vision. Having slow-healing sores. Getting a lot of infections, such as gum, skin and vaginal infections. […] Type 1 diabetes can start at any age. But it often starts during childhood or teen years. Type 2 diabetes, the more common type, can develop at any age. Type 2 diabetes is more common in people older than 40. But type 2 diabetes in children is increasing.
#23 Symptoms of Diabetes | Diabetes | CDC
https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/signs-symptoms/index.html
Type 1 diabetes symptoms can develop in just a few weeks or months and can be severe. […] Type 2 diabetes symptoms can take years to develop. […] If you have any of the following diabetes symptoms, see your doctor about getting your blood sugar tested: Urinate (pee) a lot, often at night, Are very thirsty, Lose weight without trying, Are very hungry, Have blurry vision, Have numb or tingling hands or feet, Feel very tired, Have very dry skin, Have sores that heal slowly, Have more infections than usual. […] People who have type 1 diabetes may also have nausea, vomiting, or stomach pains. Type 1 diabetes can be diagnosed at any age. Symptoms can develop in just a few weeks or months and can be severe. […] Type 2 diabetes symptoms often take several years to develop. Some people don’t notice any symptoms at all. Type 2 diabetes usually starts when you’re an adult, though more and more children and teens are developing it. Because symptoms are hard to spot, it’s important to know the risk factors for type 2 diabetes. […] Gestational diabetes (diabetes during pregnancy) usually doesn’t have any symptoms. If you’re pregnant, your doctor should test you for gestational diabetes between 24 and 28 weeks of pregnancy.
#24 Differences between type 1 and type 2 diabetes | Diabetes UK
https://www.diabetes.org.uk/diabetes-the-basics/differences-between-type-1-and-type-2-diabetes
The symptoms for type 1 appear more quickly. […] Symptoms for type 2 diabetes can be easier to miss because they appear more slowly. And you may not notice any symptoms. […] Type 1 can often appear quickly and there are four common ones, which we call the 4Ts of type 1 diabetes. […] But type 2 diabetes can be easier to miss because the symptoms are not so obvious. This is because it develops more slowly, especially in the early stages. That is why it is important to know your risk of developing type 2 diabetes. Some people have diabetes and dont know it. They can have it for up to 10 years without knowing.
#25 Symptoms of Diabetes | Diabetes | CDC
https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/signs-symptoms/index.html
Type 1 diabetes symptoms can develop in just a few weeks or months and can be severe. […] Type 2 diabetes symptoms can take years to develop. […] If you have any of the following diabetes symptoms, see your doctor about getting your blood sugar tested: Urinate (pee) a lot, often at night, Are very thirsty, Lose weight without trying, Are very hungry, Have blurry vision, Have numb or tingling hands or feet, Feel very tired, Have very dry skin, Have sores that heal slowly, Have more infections than usual. […] People who have type 1 diabetes may also have nausea, vomiting, or stomach pains. Type 1 diabetes can be diagnosed at any age. Symptoms can develop in just a few weeks or months and can be severe. […] Type 2 diabetes symptoms often take several years to develop. Some people don’t notice any symptoms at all. Type 2 diabetes usually starts when you’re an adult, though more and more children and teens are developing it. Because symptoms are hard to spot, it’s important to know the risk factors for type 2 diabetes. […] Gestational diabetes (diabetes during pregnancy) usually doesn’t have any symptoms. If you’re pregnant, your doctor should test you for gestational diabetes between 24 and 28 weeks of pregnancy.
#26 Stages of Type 1 | Emory School of Medicine
https://med.emory.edu/departments/pediatrics/divisions/endocrinology/research/what-is-diabetes/type-1-stages.html
Stage 1 is now considered the start of T1D. Individuals test positive for two or more diabetes-related autoantibodies identified by TrialNet screening. The immune system has started attacking insulin-producing beta cells, although blood sugar levels remain normal and no symptoms are present. […] Stage 2, like stage 1, includes individuals with two or more diabetes-related autoantibodies, but now blood sugar levels have become abnormal due to increasing loss of beta cells. There are still no symptoms. […] Stage 3 is when clinical diagnosis typically takes place. By this time, there is significant beta cell loss and symptoms of type 1 diabetes are usually present.
#27 Symptoms of Diabetes | Diabetes | CDC
https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/signs-symptoms/index.html
Type 1 diabetes symptoms can develop in just a few weeks or months and can be severe. […] Type 2 diabetes symptoms can take years to develop. […] If you have any of the following diabetes symptoms, see your doctor about getting your blood sugar tested: Urinate (pee) a lot, often at night, Are very thirsty, Lose weight without trying, Are very hungry, Have blurry vision, Have numb or tingling hands or feet, Feel very tired, Have very dry skin, Have sores that heal slowly, Have more infections than usual. […] People who have type 1 diabetes may also have nausea, vomiting, or stomach pains. Type 1 diabetes can be diagnosed at any age. Symptoms can develop in just a few weeks or months and can be severe. […] Type 2 diabetes symptoms often take several years to develop. Some people don’t notice any symptoms at all. Type 2 diabetes usually starts when you’re an adult, though more and more children and teens are developing it. Because symptoms are hard to spot, it’s important to know the risk factors for type 2 diabetes. […] Gestational diabetes (diabetes during pregnancy) usually doesn’t have any symptoms. If you’re pregnant, your doctor should test you for gestational diabetes between 24 and 28 weeks of pregnancy.
#28 Early Signs of Diabetes
https://www.webmd.com/diabetes/understanding-diabetes-symptoms
In type 1 diabetes, symptoms show up quickly, in just a few days or weeks, especially in children. […] Type 2 diabetes symptoms may be mild and develop more slowly, especially early on in the disease. […] Type 1 diabetes can happen at any age but tends to crop up in children aged 5 to 6 and 11 to 13. […] Adults are more likely to get type 2 diabetes, but the disease is happening more often in kids because of obesity. […] High blood sugar during pregnancy usually has no symptoms. […] Signs of type 2 diabetes complications may include: Slow-healing sores or cuts, Itchy skin, Frequent yeast infections, Recent weight gain, Velvety, dark skin changes of the neck, armpit, and groin, called acanthosis nigricans, Numbness and tingling of the hands and feet, Decreased vision, Impotence or erectile dysfunction (ED). […] Diabetes often starts with mild symptoms such as feeling very hungry and tired, needing to pee a lot, being very thirsty, having a dry mouth, itchy skin, and blurry vision. Type 1 diabetes symptoms appear quickly and are more severe, while type 2 symptoms develop slowly.
#29 Symptoms of Diabetes | Diabetes | CDC
https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/signs-symptoms/index.html
Type 1 diabetes symptoms can develop in just a few weeks or months and can be severe. […] Type 2 diabetes symptoms can take years to develop. […] If you have any of the following diabetes symptoms, see your doctor about getting your blood sugar tested: Urinate (pee) a lot, often at night, Are very thirsty, Lose weight without trying, Are very hungry, Have blurry vision, Have numb or tingling hands or feet, Feel very tired, Have very dry skin, Have sores that heal slowly, Have more infections than usual. […] People who have type 1 diabetes may also have nausea, vomiting, or stomach pains. Type 1 diabetes can be diagnosed at any age. Symptoms can develop in just a few weeks or months and can be severe. […] Type 2 diabetes symptoms often take several years to develop. Some people don’t notice any symptoms at all. Type 2 diabetes usually starts when you’re an adult, though more and more children and teens are developing it. Because symptoms are hard to spot, it’s important to know the risk factors for type 2 diabetes. […] Gestational diabetes (diabetes during pregnancy) usually doesn’t have any symptoms. If you’re pregnant, your doctor should test you for gestational diabetes between 24 and 28 weeks of pregnancy.
#30 Diabetes | Type 1 Diabetes | Type 2 Diabetes | MedlinePlus
https://medlineplus.gov/diabetes.html
The symptoms of type 1 diabetes usually come on quickly and can be severe. […] With type 2 diabetes, the symptoms often develop slowly, over several years. The symptoms can be so mild that you might not even notice them. […] Gestational diabetes often has no symptoms. If you do have symptoms, they may be mild. If you are pregnant, you will usually be screened for this condition between 24 and 28 weeks of pregnancy.
#31 Type 2 Diabetes: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment | UW MedicineStethascopeHeart
https://www.uwmedicine.org/conditions-symptoms/endocrine-diabetes/type-2-diabetes
Type 2 diabetes is when your body can’t make enough insulin, or use it well. Insulin helps your cells use sugar (glucose) for energy. Without insulin, glucose builds up in your blood. This leads to high blood sugar. […] Type 2 diabetes is an ongoing (chronic) disease. It has no known cure. It’s the most common type of diabetes. […] Symptoms may include: Frequent bladder infections, Skin infections that don’t heal easily, Feeling very thirsty, Peeing often, Weight loss, Blurred vision, Nausea and vomiting, Feeling very weak and tired, Irritability and mood changes, Dry, itchy skin, Tingling or loss of feeling in the hands or feet. […] Some people who have Type 2 diabetes don’t have symptoms. Symptoms may be mild and you may not notice them. Half of all Americans who have diabetes don’t know it.
#32 Type 2 Diabetes: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment
https://www.webmd.com/diabetes/type-2-diabetes
Type 2 diabetes is a lifelong disease that keeps your body from using insulin the way it should. The symptoms of type 2 diabetes can be so mild that you don’t notice them. About 9 million people have it and don’t know it. Symptoms include: Being very thirsty, Peeing a lot, Blurry vision, Tingling or numbness in your hands or feet, Fatigue/feeling worn out, Wounds that don’t heal, Yeast infections that keep coming back, Feeling hungry, Weight loss without trying, Getting infections. If your A1c is 6.5% or higher, you have diabetes. You may have symptoms such as increased thirst, blurred vision, and numbness in feet or hands. Or you may not have any symptoms at all. Eventually, insulin resistance causes glucose to build up in your blood. You have prediabetes when your blood sugar levels are higher than normal, but not high enough to be considered diabetes. The best way to avoid these complications is to manage your type 2 diabetes well. To do that: Take your diabetes medications or insulin on time. Check your blood sugar. Eat right, and don’t skip meals. See your doctor regularly to check for early signs of trouble. Over time, high blood sugar can damage and cause problems with your heart and blood vessels. If you have high blood sugar, you’re up to twice as likely to get heart disease or have a stroke, and at a younger age compared to those with normal sugar. Type 2 is a serious condition that demands lifelong management. Over the long term, high blood sugar can lead to heart, vision, and kidney problems. But you can take steps to avoid these complications and extend your life.
#33 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) – Hormonal and Metabolic Disorders – Merck Manual Consumer Version
https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/hormonal-and-metabolic-disorders/diabetes-mellitus-dm-and-disorders-of-blood-sugar-metabolism/diabetes-mellitus-dm
The diagnosis of diabetes is made when people have abnormally high levels of glucose in the blood. […] Diabetes can be diagnosed if fasting blood glucose levels are 126 mg/dL (7.0 mmol/L) or higher. […] Diabetes can be diagnosed if a random blood glucose level is higher than 200 mg/dL (11.1 mmol/L). […] People who have overweight and lose as little as 7 percent of their body weight and who increase physical activity can decrease their risk of diabetes mellitus by more than 50%.
#34 Stages of Type 1 | Emory School of Medicine
https://med.emory.edu/departments/pediatrics/divisions/endocrinology/research/what-is-diabetes/type-1-stages.html
Stage 1 is now considered the start of T1D. Individuals test positive for two or more diabetes-related autoantibodies identified by TrialNet screening. The immune system has started attacking insulin-producing beta cells, although blood sugar levels remain normal and no symptoms are present. […] Stage 2, like stage 1, includes individuals with two or more diabetes-related autoantibodies, but now blood sugar levels have become abnormal due to increasing loss of beta cells. There are still no symptoms. […] Stage 3 is when clinical diagnosis typically takes place. By this time, there is significant beta cell loss and symptoms of type 1 diabetes are usually present.
#35 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) – Hormonal and Metabolic Disorders – Merck Manual Consumer Version
https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/hormonal-and-metabolic-disorders/diabetes-mellitus-dm-and-disorders-of-blood-sugar-metabolism/diabetes-mellitus-dm
Many patients with diabetes may have no symptoms, especially in the early phase of the disease. However, the two types of diabetes can have very similar symptoms if the blood glucose is significantly elevated. […] The symptoms of high blood glucose levels include increased thirst, increased urination, and increased hunger. […] When the blood glucose level rises above 160 to 180 mg/dL (8.9 to 10.0 mmol/L), glucose spills into the urine. […] The excessive urination creates abnormal thirst (polydipsia). […] Because excessive calories are lost in the urine, people may lose weight. […] In people with type 1 diabetes, the symptoms often begin abruptly and dramatically. […] Type 1 diabetes mellitus progresses in stages: Stage 1: Presence in the blood of two or more diabetes-specific antibodies in people with normal blood sugar levels and no symptoms of diabetes.
#36 Stages and Symptoms of Type 1 Diabetes
https://www.patientcareonline.com/view/stages-and-symptoms-of-type-1-diabetes
Panelists discuss how type 1 diabetes progresses through distinct stages, beginning with asymptomatic autoantibody presence, followed by dysglycemia, and ultimately manifesting with classic symptoms like excessive thirst, frequent urination, and unexplained weight loss. […] In stage 1 type 1 diabetes, we can detect 2 or more autoantibodies in the blood. There are 5 antibodies we can screen for, and having at least 2 confirms the presence of type 1 diabetes. At this stage, blood sugar levels are still normal, the patient is asymptomatic, and no insulin is needed. However, the immune system has started attacking the cells. […] In stage II type 1 diabetes, the antibodies remain, and the attack on cells progresses. By this point, about 50% of -cell function is lost. Blood sugar levels begin to fall slightly outside the normal rangeâwhat we’d call dysglycemiaâsimilar to what we would see in prediabetes. This might show up in routine lab work, but the patient is still asymptomatic and not requiring insulin.
#37 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) – Hormonal and Metabolic Disorders – Merck Manual Consumer Version
https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/hormonal-and-metabolic-disorders/diabetes-mellitus-dm-and-disorders-of-blood-sugar-metabolism/diabetes-mellitus-dm
Stage 2: Higher than normal level of glucose in the blood in people without symptoms. […] Stage 3: Symptoms of diabetes. […] After type 1 diabetes has begun, some people can have a temporary phase of near-normal glucose levels (honeymoon phase) due to partial recovery of insulin secretion. […] People with type 2 diabetes may not have any symptoms for years or decades before they are diagnosed. […] Symptoms may be subtle. Increased urination and thirst are mild at first and gradually worsen over weeks or months. […] Eventually, people feel extremely fatigued, are likely to develop blurred vision, and may become dehydrated. […] Diabetes damages blood vessels, causing them to narrow and therefore restricting blood flow. […] High blood glucose levels also cause disturbances in the body’s immune system, so people with diabetes mellitus are particularly susceptible to bacterial and fungal infections.
#38 The Progression and Stages of Type 2 Diabetes
https://www.verywellhealth.com/diabetes-progression-6741465
Type 2 diabetes is a progressive condition in which blood sugar issues show up gradually. It consists of 4 stages: insulin resistance, prediabetes, type 2 diabetes, and type 2 diabetes with vascular complications. […] The earlier diabetes is identified, the better. Exercising, eating healthy, and some types of medications can help slow its progression and make living with diabetes more manageable. […] You have prediabetes when your blood glucose is outside the normal range but not high enough to be considered diabetes. While reversible through lifestyle changes, such as diet and exercise, prediabetes increases your chances of developing type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and stroke. […] With type 2 diabetes, your blood glucose is in a dangerous range. […] Some with type 2 diabetes may not show symptoms; for others, symptoms may be mild. However, symptoms will get progressively worse.
#39 How type 2 diabetes changes over time: Progression and outlook
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/how-type-2-diabetes-can-change-over-time
Type 2 diabetes is a chronic and progressive condition. Over time, people may need to adjust their treatment plan to manage this progression, such as introducing lifestyle changes and taking prescription medication. […] After diagnosis, lifestyle changes or certain medications might slow or stop the progression of type 2 diabetes. However, this may only be temporary, and the condition may continue progressing. […] As type 2 diabetes progresses, a series of chain reactions in the body lead to changes in insulin production, insulin resistance, and blood sugar levels. […] Initially, a person develops insulin resistance. Insulin is the hormone responsible for regulating blood sugar. Over time, a person’s body may become less responsive or resistant to the effects of insulin on the cells.
#40 Why Type 2 Diabetes Progresses & Medication Changes Over Time
https://diabetes.org/living-with-diabetes/type-2/how-type-2-diabetes-progresses
After your initial diagnoses of type 2 diabetes, you may notice that its harder to reach your diabetes treatment targets even though your medication, exercise routine, diet, or other things you do to manage your diabetes hasnt changedand thats normal. […] Type 2 diabetes is a progressive condition, meaning initial management strategies may become less effective over time. […] The progression of type 2 diabetes is why it may feel like a race you cant win. […] The the progression of type 2 diabetes varies from person to person. […] Research continues to explore how to slow or even stop type 2 progression. […] Until researchers unravel the mystery of diabetes progression, doctors recommend the proven approach of exercise, an eating plan, and weight loss (if needed). This manages blood sugar levels and may help delay progression of type 2 diabetes.
#41 How type 2 diabetes changes over time: Progression and outlook
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/how-type-2-diabetes-can-change-over-time
Type 2 diabetes is a chronic and progressive condition. Over time, people may need to adjust their treatment plan to manage this progression, such as introducing lifestyle changes and taking prescription medication. […] After diagnosis, lifestyle changes or certain medications might slow or stop the progression of type 2 diabetes. However, this may only be temporary, and the condition may continue progressing. […] As type 2 diabetes progresses, a series of chain reactions in the body lead to changes in insulin production, insulin resistance, and blood sugar levels. […] Initially, a person develops insulin resistance. Insulin is the hormone responsible for regulating blood sugar. Over time, a person’s body may become less responsive or resistant to the effects of insulin on the cells.
#42 How type 2 diabetes changes over time: Progression and outlook
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/how-type-2-diabetes-can-change-over-time
Insulin resistance forces beta cells in the pancreas to work harder to produce more insulin to manage the glucose levels. This increased production and secretion initially helps keep blood sugar levels within a typical range. […] However, as the condition progresses, the beta cells may be unable to meet the increasing demand and eventually become unable to produce enough insulin. As a result, blood sugar levels start to rise, potentially leading to diabetes. […] Initially, these lifestyle changes and treatments may slow or stop the progression of type 2 diabetes. However, over time, damage to the beta cells may progress again, and people may need additional medications or adjustments to the existing treatment regimen. […] The progression of type 2 diabetes varies from person to person.
#43 The Progression and Stages of Type 2 Diabetes
https://www.verywellhealth.com/diabetes-progression-6741465
Type 2 diabetes is a progressive condition in which blood sugar issues show up gradually. It consists of 4 stages: insulin resistance, prediabetes, type 2 diabetes, and type 2 diabetes with vascular complications. […] The earlier diabetes is identified, the better. Exercising, eating healthy, and some types of medications can help slow its progression and make living with diabetes more manageable. […] You have prediabetes when your blood glucose is outside the normal range but not high enough to be considered diabetes. While reversible through lifestyle changes, such as diet and exercise, prediabetes increases your chances of developing type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and stroke. […] With type 2 diabetes, your blood glucose is in a dangerous range. […] Some with type 2 diabetes may not show symptoms; for others, symptoms may be mild. However, symptoms will get progressively worse.
#44 Diabetes | Better Health Channel
https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/diabetes
People with diabetes have high blood glucose levels caused by a problem with the hormone insulin. […] There is no cure, but symptoms can be controlled with diet, exercise and medication. […] If untreated, high blood glucose levels can result in serious complications. […] Some types of diabetes have no symptoms, and can go undiagnosed for a long time, but some common symptoms can include: being more thirsty than usual, passing more urine, feeling tired and lethargic, slow-healing wounds, itching and skin infections, particularly around the genitals, blurred vision, nausea and vomiting, weight loss, mood swings. […] High blood glucose levels can result in serious complications. These include: kidney damage (nephropathy), eye damage (retinopathy), nerve damage to the feet and other parts of the body (neuropathy), heart disease (for example, angina, heart attacks or heart failure), strokes and circulation problems in the legs, sexual difficulties, including erectile dysfunction, foot ulcers or infections resulting from circulation problems and nerve damage. […] Without treatment, about one in 3 people with pre-diabetes will develop type 2 diabetes.
#45 The Progression and Stages of Type 2 Diabetes
https://www.verywellhealth.com/diabetes-progression-6741465
Type 2 diabetes is a progressive condition in which blood sugar issues show up gradually. It consists of 4 stages: insulin resistance, prediabetes, type 2 diabetes, and type 2 diabetes with vascular complications. […] The earlier diabetes is identified, the better. Exercising, eating healthy, and some types of medications can help slow its progression and make living with diabetes more manageable. […] You have prediabetes when your blood glucose is outside the normal range but not high enough to be considered diabetes. While reversible through lifestyle changes, such as diet and exercise, prediabetes increases your chances of developing type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and stroke. […] With type 2 diabetes, your blood glucose is in a dangerous range. […] Some with type 2 diabetes may not show symptoms; for others, symptoms may be mild. However, symptoms will get progressively worse.
#46 Why Type 2 Diabetes Progresses & Medication Changes Over Time
https://diabetes.org/living-with-diabetes/type-2/how-type-2-diabetes-progresses
After your initial diagnoses of type 2 diabetes, you may notice that its harder to reach your diabetes treatment targets even though your medication, exercise routine, diet, or other things you do to manage your diabetes hasnt changedand thats normal. […] Type 2 diabetes is a progressive condition, meaning initial management strategies may become less effective over time. […] The progression of type 2 diabetes is why it may feel like a race you cant win. […] The the progression of type 2 diabetes varies from person to person. […] Research continues to explore how to slow or even stop type 2 progression. […] Until researchers unravel the mystery of diabetes progression, doctors recommend the proven approach of exercise, an eating plan, and weight loss (if needed). This manages blood sugar levels and may help delay progression of type 2 diabetes.
#47 The Progression and Stages of Type 2 Diabetes
https://www.verywellhealth.com/diabetes-progression-6741465
Type 2 diabetes is a progressive condition in which blood sugar issues show up gradually. It consists of 4 stages: insulin resistance, prediabetes, type 2 diabetes, and type 2 diabetes with vascular complications. […] The earlier diabetes is identified, the better. Exercising, eating healthy, and some types of medications can help slow its progression and make living with diabetes more manageable. […] You have prediabetes when your blood glucose is outside the normal range but not high enough to be considered diabetes. While reversible through lifestyle changes, such as diet and exercise, prediabetes increases your chances of developing type 2 diabetes, heart disease, and stroke. […] With type 2 diabetes, your blood glucose is in a dangerous range. […] Some with type 2 diabetes may not show symptoms; for others, symptoms may be mild. However, symptoms will get progressively worse.
#48 Stages of Diabetes: Stages, Symptoms, and Treatments
https://www.healthline.com/health/diabetes/stages-of-diabetes
In this stage, there’s a significant loss of beta cells due to autoimmunity and symptoms are present, resulting in a type 1 diabetes diagnosis. During this stage, the symptoms of type 1 diabetes may include excessive hunger or thirst, blurry vision, severe fatigue, frequent urination, and unexplained weight loss. […] In this stage, blood sugar levels remain abnormally high, leading to a diagnosis of type 2 diabetes. Both insulin resistance and beta cell dysfunction can lead to high blood sugar levels in type 2 diabetes. Without treatment, these elevated levels can cause long-term damage to the body. […] In this stage, vascular complications can occur as a result of high blood sugar. As blood sugar levels remain high, damage can occur within the vascular system, leading to potential complications like albuminuria, chronic kidney disease, coronary artery disease, heart failure, peripheral neuropathy, and stroke.
#49 Defining and Characterizing the Progression of Type 2 Diabetes
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2811457/
Type 2 diabetes is a progressive disease in which the risks of myocardial infarction, stroke, microvascular events, and mortality are all strongly associated with hyperglycemia. The disease course is primarily characterized by a decline in -cell function and worsening of insulin resistance. The process is manifested clinically by deteriorations in multiple parameters, including A1C, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and postprandial glucose levels. […] The next step in progression could be defined by the need for medication. Pani et al. examined predictors of diabetes progression (A1C 7% or initiation of hypoglycemic agent) over 1 year in 705 patients who had A1C 7% and were not on glucose-lowering medications at baseline. […] A hallmark of type 2 diabetes is a decline in -cell function, which begins as early as 12 years before diagnosis and continues throughout the disease process.
#50 Defining and Characterizing the Progression of Type 2 Diabetes
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2811457/
As -cell function continues to decline, monotherapy failure (in ADOPT defined as FPG 180 mg/dl) is almost inevitable. […] Thus, the progressive decrease in -cell insulin secretion, particularly the first-phase insulin secretion that occurs acutely after an increase in glycemia, is likely the most critical functional -cell defect in the development of type 2 diabetes. […] In type 2 diabetes, -cells fail to adapt to impaired glucose tolerance. This failure appears to be related to a reduction in insulin secretion per islet as well as a reduction in the total number of islets. Progressive loss of -cell function and, to a lesser extent, reduced -cell mass lead to worsening glycemic control and development of complications.
#51 How type 2 diabetes changes over time: Progression and outlook
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/how-type-2-diabetes-can-change-over-time
It is important to note that type 2 diabetes can progress at different rates for different people. Some individuals may experience a more rapid disease progression, while others may have a slower progression. […] It is important to speak with a doctor if someone notices changes in their type 2 diabetes management or progression. […] Regular communication and follow-ups with a healthcare professional are vital in maintaining optimal diabetes management and overall well-being. […] According to the American Diabetes Association, good management of type 2 diabetes has the potential to slow down its progression, although any reversal of the condition is typically not permanent. […] Understanding the progression of type 2 diabetes is crucial for effective management and optimal health outcomes.
#52 Why Type 2 Diabetes Progresses & Medication Changes Over Time
https://diabetes.org/living-with-diabetes/type-2/how-type-2-diabetes-progresses
After your initial diagnoses of type 2 diabetes, you may notice that its harder to reach your diabetes treatment targets even though your medication, exercise routine, diet, or other things you do to manage your diabetes hasnt changedand thats normal. […] Type 2 diabetes is a progressive condition, meaning initial management strategies may become less effective over time. […] The progression of type 2 diabetes is why it may feel like a race you cant win. […] The the progression of type 2 diabetes varies from person to person. […] Research continues to explore how to slow or even stop type 2 progression. […] Until researchers unravel the mystery of diabetes progression, doctors recommend the proven approach of exercise, an eating plan, and weight loss (if needed). This manages blood sugar levels and may help delay progression of type 2 diabetes.
#53 How type 2 diabetes changes over time: Progression and outlook
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/how-type-2-diabetes-can-change-over-time
It is important to note that type 2 diabetes can progress at different rates for different people. Some individuals may experience a more rapid disease progression, while others may have a slower progression. […] It is important to speak with a doctor if someone notices changes in their type 2 diabetes management or progression. […] Regular communication and follow-ups with a healthcare professional are vital in maintaining optimal diabetes management and overall well-being. […] According to the American Diabetes Association, good management of type 2 diabetes has the potential to slow down its progression, although any reversal of the condition is typically not permanent. […] Understanding the progression of type 2 diabetes is crucial for effective management and optimal health outcomes.
#54 Diabetes – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20371444
Long-term complications of diabetes develop gradually. The longer you have diabetes and the less controlled your blood sugar the higher the risk of complications. Eventually, diabetes complications may be disabling or even life-threatening. In fact, prediabetes can lead to type 2 diabetes. Possible complications include: Heart and blood vessel (cardiovascular) disease. Diabetes majorly increases the risk of many heart problems. These can include coronary artery disease with chest pain (angina), heart attack, stroke and narrowing of arteries (atherosclerosis). If you have diabetes, you’re more likely to have heart disease or stroke. […] Nerve damage from diabetes (diabetic neuropathy). Too much sugar can injure the walls of the tiny blood vessels (capillaries) that nourish the nerves, especially in the legs. This can cause tingling, numbness, burning or pain that usually begins at the tips of the toes or fingers and gradually spreads upward. Damage to the nerves related to digestion can cause problems with nausea, vomiting, diarrhea or constipation. For men, it may lead to erectile dysfunction.
#55 Diabetes: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Types
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/7104-diabetes
Diabetes can lead to acute (sudden and severe) and long-term complications mainly due to extreme or prolonged high blood sugar levels. […] Blood glucose levels that remain high for too long can damage your body’s tissues and organs. This is mainly due to damage to your blood vessels and nerves, which support your body’s tissues. […] Chronic high blood sugar can cause severe complications, which are usually irreversible. Several studies have shown that untreated chronic high blood sugar shortens your lifespan and worsens your quality of life.
#56 Diabetes – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20371444
Long-term complications of diabetes develop gradually. The longer you have diabetes and the less controlled your blood sugar the higher the risk of complications. Eventually, diabetes complications may be disabling or even life-threatening. In fact, prediabetes can lead to type 2 diabetes. Possible complications include: Heart and blood vessel (cardiovascular) disease. Diabetes majorly increases the risk of many heart problems. These can include coronary artery disease with chest pain (angina), heart attack, stroke and narrowing of arteries (atherosclerosis). If you have diabetes, you’re more likely to have heart disease or stroke. […] Nerve damage from diabetes (diabetic neuropathy). Too much sugar can injure the walls of the tiny blood vessels (capillaries) that nourish the nerves, especially in the legs. This can cause tingling, numbness, burning or pain that usually begins at the tips of the toes or fingers and gradually spreads upward. Damage to the nerves related to digestion can cause problems with nausea, vomiting, diarrhea or constipation. For men, it may lead to erectile dysfunction.
#57 Diabetes – Causes, symptoms & treatments | BHF – BHF
https://www.bhf.org.uk/informationsupport/risk-factors/diabetes
Diabetes is a condition that causes your blood sugar levels to become too high. […] The symptoms of type 1 and type 2 diabetes are: blurred vision, feeling very tired (fatigued), feeling very thirsty, losing weight without trying, having breath that smells fruity, peeing more than usual, especially during the night, having itchy genitals or thrush that keeps coming back, having cuts, grazes or bruises that take a long time to heal. […] Many people with type 2 diabetes do not get any signs or symptoms, especially in the early stages. […] Type 1 and type 2 diabetes cause unused glucose (sugar) to stick to your red blood cells and build up in your blood. This build up can damage the arteries that carry blood, oxygen and nutrients around your body. […] If the arteries carrying blood to your heart get clogged, it can lead to a heart attack. […] If the arteries carrying blood to your brain get clogged, it can lead to a stroke. […] People with diabetes are twice as likely to have a stroke.
#58 Diabetes – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20371444
Long-term complications of diabetes develop gradually. The longer you have diabetes and the less controlled your blood sugar the higher the risk of complications. Eventually, diabetes complications may be disabling or even life-threatening. In fact, prediabetes can lead to type 2 diabetes. Possible complications include: Heart and blood vessel (cardiovascular) disease. Diabetes majorly increases the risk of many heart problems. These can include coronary artery disease with chest pain (angina), heart attack, stroke and narrowing of arteries (atherosclerosis). If you have diabetes, you’re more likely to have heart disease or stroke. […] Nerve damage from diabetes (diabetic neuropathy). Too much sugar can injure the walls of the tiny blood vessels (capillaries) that nourish the nerves, especially in the legs. This can cause tingling, numbness, burning or pain that usually begins at the tips of the toes or fingers and gradually spreads upward. Damage to the nerves related to digestion can cause problems with nausea, vomiting, diarrhea or constipation. For men, it may lead to erectile dysfunction.
#59 Type 2 diabetes: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock
https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000313.htm
Diabetes is a lifelong disease and there is no cure. […] Some people with type 2 diabetes no longer need medicine for blood sugar control if they lose weight and become more active. When they reach their ideal weight, their body’s own insulin and a healthy diet can control their blood sugar level. […] After many years, diabetes can lead to serious health problems: You could have eye problems, including trouble seeing (especially at night), cataracts, and light sensitivity. You could become blind. Your feet and skin can develop sores and infections. If the wounds do not heal properly, your foot or leg may need to be amputated. Infections can also cause pain and itching in the skin. Diabetes may make it harder to control your blood pressure and cholesterol. This can lead to a heart attack, stroke, and other problems. It can become harder for blood to flow to your legs and feet. Nerves in your body can get damaged, causing pain, tingling, and numbness. Because of nerve damage, you could have problems digesting the food you eat. You could feel weakness or have trouble going to the bathroom. Nerve damage can make it harder for men to have an erection. High blood sugar and other problems can lead to kidney damage. Your kidneys may not work as well as they used to. They may even stop working so that you need dialysis or a kidney transplant. High blood sugar can weaken your immune system. This may make it more likely for you to get infections, including life-threatening skin and fungal infections.
#60 Diabetes – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20371444
Kidney damage from diabetes (diabetic nephropathy). The kidneys hold millions of tiny blood vessel clusters (glomeruli) that filter waste from the blood. Diabetes can damage this delicate filtering system. […] Eye damage from diabetes (diabetic retinopathy). Diabetes can damage the blood vessels of the eye. This could lead to blindness. […] Foot damage. Nerve damage in the feet or poor blood flow to the feet increases the risk of many foot complications. […] Skin and mouth conditions. Diabetes may leave you more prone to skin problems, including bacterial and fungal infections. […] Hearing impairment. Hearing problems are more common in people with diabetes. […] Alzheimer’s disease. Type 2 diabetes may increase the risk of dementia, such as Alzheimer’s disease. […] Depression related to diabetes. Depression symptoms are common in people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
#61 Type 2 diabetes: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock
https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000313.htm
Diabetes is a lifelong disease and there is no cure. […] Some people with type 2 diabetes no longer need medicine for blood sugar control if they lose weight and become more active. When they reach their ideal weight, their body’s own insulin and a healthy diet can control their blood sugar level. […] After many years, diabetes can lead to serious health problems: You could have eye problems, including trouble seeing (especially at night), cataracts, and light sensitivity. You could become blind. Your feet and skin can develop sores and infections. If the wounds do not heal properly, your foot or leg may need to be amputated. Infections can also cause pain and itching in the skin. Diabetes may make it harder to control your blood pressure and cholesterol. This can lead to a heart attack, stroke, and other problems. It can become harder for blood to flow to your legs and feet. Nerves in your body can get damaged, causing pain, tingling, and numbness. Because of nerve damage, you could have problems digesting the food you eat. You could feel weakness or have trouble going to the bathroom. Nerve damage can make it harder for men to have an erection. High blood sugar and other problems can lead to kidney damage. Your kidneys may not work as well as they used to. They may even stop working so that you need dialysis or a kidney transplant. High blood sugar can weaken your immune system. This may make it more likely for you to get infections, including life-threatening skin and fungal infections.
#62 Diabetes – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20371444
Kidney damage from diabetes (diabetic nephropathy). The kidneys hold millions of tiny blood vessel clusters (glomeruli) that filter waste from the blood. Diabetes can damage this delicate filtering system. […] Eye damage from diabetes (diabetic retinopathy). Diabetes can damage the blood vessels of the eye. This could lead to blindness. […] Foot damage. Nerve damage in the feet or poor blood flow to the feet increases the risk of many foot complications. […] Skin and mouth conditions. Diabetes may leave you more prone to skin problems, including bacterial and fungal infections. […] Hearing impairment. Hearing problems are more common in people with diabetes. […] Alzheimer’s disease. Type 2 diabetes may increase the risk of dementia, such as Alzheimer’s disease. […] Depression related to diabetes. Depression symptoms are common in people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
#63 Diabetes: Symptoms, causes, treatment | Live Science
https://www.livescience.com/43477-diabetes-symptoms-types.html
Diabetes dramatically raises the likelihood of heart disease and other cardiovascular events, including heart attacks and strokes, according to a review of existing research published in 2015 in the World Journal of Diabetes. […] Nerve damage is also a common complication, as excess sugar can impair the walls of the tiny blood vessels that nourish the nerves, eventually leading to a condition called neuropathy, or a loss of all sense of feeling in the affected limbs that affects more than 90% of people living with diabetes, according to a 2015 study published in the World Journal of Diabetes. […] Diabetes can also damage the kidneys, which contain millions of blood vessel clusters that filter waste in blood. […] A common but severe complication of type 1 diabetes (and, less commonly, type 2 diabetes) is diabetic ketoacidosis, which occurs when there is a drastically low level of insulin in the body, according to the National Library of Medicine.
#64 Diabetes – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20371444
Kidney damage from diabetes (diabetic nephropathy). The kidneys hold millions of tiny blood vessel clusters (glomeruli) that filter waste from the blood. Diabetes can damage this delicate filtering system. […] Eye damage from diabetes (diabetic retinopathy). Diabetes can damage the blood vessels of the eye. This could lead to blindness. […] Foot damage. Nerve damage in the feet or poor blood flow to the feet increases the risk of many foot complications. […] Skin and mouth conditions. Diabetes may leave you more prone to skin problems, including bacterial and fungal infections. […] Hearing impairment. Hearing problems are more common in people with diabetes. […] Alzheimer’s disease. Type 2 diabetes may increase the risk of dementia, such as Alzheimer’s disease. […] Depression related to diabetes. Depression symptoms are common in people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
#65 Diabetes – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20371444
Kidney damage from diabetes (diabetic nephropathy). The kidneys hold millions of tiny blood vessel clusters (glomeruli) that filter waste from the blood. Diabetes can damage this delicate filtering system. […] Eye damage from diabetes (diabetic retinopathy). Diabetes can damage the blood vessels of the eye. This could lead to blindness. […] Foot damage. Nerve damage in the feet or poor blood flow to the feet increases the risk of many foot complications. […] Skin and mouth conditions. Diabetes may leave you more prone to skin problems, including bacterial and fungal infections. […] Hearing impairment. Hearing problems are more common in people with diabetes. […] Alzheimer’s disease. Type 2 diabetes may increase the risk of dementia, such as Alzheimer’s disease. […] Depression related to diabetes. Depression symptoms are common in people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
#66 Type 2 diabetes: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock
https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000313.htm
Diabetes is a lifelong disease and there is no cure. […] Some people with type 2 diabetes no longer need medicine for blood sugar control if they lose weight and become more active. When they reach their ideal weight, their body’s own insulin and a healthy diet can control their blood sugar level. […] After many years, diabetes can lead to serious health problems: You could have eye problems, including trouble seeing (especially at night), cataracts, and light sensitivity. You could become blind. Your feet and skin can develop sores and infections. If the wounds do not heal properly, your foot or leg may need to be amputated. Infections can also cause pain and itching in the skin. Diabetes may make it harder to control your blood pressure and cholesterol. This can lead to a heart attack, stroke, and other problems. It can become harder for blood to flow to your legs and feet. Nerves in your body can get damaged, causing pain, tingling, and numbness. Because of nerve damage, you could have problems digesting the food you eat. You could feel weakness or have trouble going to the bathroom. Nerve damage can make it harder for men to have an erection. High blood sugar and other problems can lead to kidney damage. Your kidneys may not work as well as they used to. They may even stop working so that you need dialysis or a kidney transplant. High blood sugar can weaken your immune system. This may make it more likely for you to get infections, including life-threatening skin and fungal infections.
#67 Diabetes: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Types
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/7104-diabetes
Diabetes is a condition that happens when your blood sugar (glucose) is too high. It develops when your pancreas doesn’t make enough insulin or any at all, or when your body isn’t responding to the effects of insulin properly. Diabetes affects people of all ages. Most forms of diabetes are chronic (lifelong), and all forms are manageable with medications and/or lifestyle changes. […] Over time, having consistently high blood glucose can cause health problems, such as heart disease, nerve damage and eye issues. […] Symptoms of diabetes include increased thirst, frequent urination and slow-healing cuts and sores. The severity of symptoms can vary based on the type of diabetes you have. These symptoms are usually more intense in Type 1 diabetes than Type 2 diabetes. […] Symptoms of T1D can develop quickly over a few weeks or months. You may develop additional symptoms that are signs of a severe complication called diabetes-related ketoacidosis (DKA). DKA is life-threatening and requires immediate medical treatment.
#68 What Is Type 2 Diabetes? (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth
https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/type2.html
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). This serious condition needs treatment right away. When theres not enough insulin in the body to let the glucose into the cells, the body starts to break down fat instead of sugar. Symptoms of DKA can include nausea, vomiting, belly pain, fast breathing, and in severe cases, unconsciousness. DKA happens more often in people with type 1 diabetes, but it can sometimes happen to kids with type 2 diabetes. […] Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar state (HHS). Like DKA, this is a serious condition that needs treatment right away. People with HHS have severe dehydration and very high blood sugars. […] Hypoglycemia. This is when blood sugars are too low. It can sometimes happen when people with type 2 diabetes are treated with insulin. If a person with diabetes gets more insulin than they need, their blood sugar level can drop too low. Symptoms can include headache, weakness, shakiness, anxiety, and sweating.
#69 Diabetes – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20371444
Kidney damage from diabetes (diabetic nephropathy). The kidneys hold millions of tiny blood vessel clusters (glomeruli) that filter waste from the blood. Diabetes can damage this delicate filtering system. […] Eye damage from diabetes (diabetic retinopathy). Diabetes can damage the blood vessels of the eye. This could lead to blindness. […] Foot damage. Nerve damage in the feet or poor blood flow to the feet increases the risk of many foot complications. […] Skin and mouth conditions. Diabetes may leave you more prone to skin problems, including bacterial and fungal infections. […] Hearing impairment. Hearing problems are more common in people with diabetes. […] Alzheimer’s disease. Type 2 diabetes may increase the risk of dementia, such as Alzheimer’s disease. […] Depression related to diabetes. Depression symptoms are common in people with type 1 and type 2 diabetes.
#70 Diabetes: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment, Prevention, and More
https://www.healthline.com/health/diabetes
Complications associated with diabetes include: heart disease, heart attack, and stroke, neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy and vision loss, hearing loss, foot damage, such as infections and sores that dont heal, skin conditions, such as bacterial and fungal infections, depression, dementia. […] Diabetes during pregnancy can lead to complications for your newborn, such as jaundice or breathing problems. […] If youre diagnosed with pre-gestational or gestational diabetes, youll need special monitoring to prevent complications. […] Gestational diabetes should go away after you deliver, but it does significantly increase your risk of getting diabetes later. About half of people with gestational diabetes will go on to develop type 2 diabetes.
#71 Diabetes: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Types
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/7104-diabetes
Diabetes can lead to acute (sudden and severe) and long-term complications mainly due to extreme or prolonged high blood sugar levels. […] Blood glucose levels that remain high for too long can damage your body’s tissues and organs. This is mainly due to damage to your blood vessels and nerves, which support your body’s tissues. […] Chronic high blood sugar can cause severe complications, which are usually irreversible. Several studies have shown that untreated chronic high blood sugar shortens your lifespan and worsens your quality of life.
#72
https://www.who.int/health-topics/diabetes
Symptoms of type 1 diabetes include the need to urinate often, thirst, constant hunger, weight loss, vision changes and fatigue. These symptoms may occur suddenly. Symptoms for type 2 diabetes are generally similar to those of type 1 diabetes but are often less marked. As a result, the disease may be diagnosed several years after onset, after complications have already arisen. […] The starting point for living well with diabetes is an early diagnosis the longer a person lives with undiagnosed and untreated diabetes, the worse their health outcomes are likely to be. […] A series of cost-effective interventions can improve patient outcomes, regardless of what type of diabetes they may have. These interventions include blood glucose control through a combination of diet, physical activity and, if necessary, medication; control of blood pressure and lipids to reduce cardiovascular risk and other complications; and regular screening for damage to the eyes, kidneys and feet to facilitate early treatment.
#73 Diabetes symptoms: When diabetes symptoms are a concern
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/in-depth/diabetes-symptoms/art-20044248
Diabetes symptoms can be hard to spot. Here’s what to look for and when to get care. […] Many people have diabetes but don’t know it. That’s why the American Diabetes Association (ADA) recommends that most adults begin diabetes screening at age 35. The ADA advises diabetes screening before age 35 for those who are overweight and have additional risk factors for prediabetes or type 2 diabetes. […] Testing for diabetes also should take place for anyone who has early symptoms of diabetes. But those symptoms aren’t always easy to notice. In fact, symptoms can develop so slowly that people may have type 2 diabetes for years before they’re diagnosed with the disease. […] If you notice the following symptoms, make an appointment to get care: Being very thirsty. Urinating often. Being much more tired than usual. Having blurry vision. Losing weight without trying.
#74
https://www.who.int/health-topics/diabetes
Symptoms of type 1 diabetes include the need to urinate often, thirst, constant hunger, weight loss, vision changes and fatigue. These symptoms may occur suddenly. Symptoms for type 2 diabetes are generally similar to those of type 1 diabetes but are often less marked. As a result, the disease may be diagnosed several years after onset, after complications have already arisen. […] The starting point for living well with diabetes is an early diagnosis the longer a person lives with undiagnosed and untreated diabetes, the worse their health outcomes are likely to be. […] A series of cost-effective interventions can improve patient outcomes, regardless of what type of diabetes they may have. These interventions include blood glucose control through a combination of diet, physical activity and, if necessary, medication; control of blood pressure and lipids to reduce cardiovascular risk and other complications; and regular screening for damage to the eyes, kidneys and feet to facilitate early treatment.
#75 The Progression and Stages of Type 2 Diabetes
https://www.verywellhealth.com/diabetes-progression-6741465
Type 2 diabetes is a progressive disease, making it harder to control your blood sugar over time. […] If insulin resistance or prediabetes is caught early, lifestyle changes, such as eating a healthy diet, adding exercise to your daily activities, and possibly taking diabetes medication, can prevent you from developing type 2 diabetes. […] Blood sugar management is key to preventing the most severe complications, such as eye disease, kidney damage, and cardiovascular disease. Some may be able to reverse type 2 diabetes, but for many, it is a lifelong medical condition.
#76 Can Diabetes Be Reversed? | Research Spotlight | UCLA Medical School
https://medschool.ucla.edu/news-article/can-diabetes-be-reversed
There’s no cure for diabetes and no way to completely get rid of it. However, diabetes can be reversed in most people. […] Reversing diabetes means carefully managing blood sugars to a point where medications are no longer necessary, and staying at that manageable point through a healthy routine of diet and exercise. […] Healthy habits move the slider toward a more manageable state; they cannot switch the diabetes off. […] In general, addressing the underlying weight issues that led to diabetes can help reverse it. […] A focus on eating less separates reversing diabetes from managing diabetes, which doesn’t necessarily involve weight loss. […] Just as diabetes can be defined as high blood sugars no matter what makes them high, reversing diabetes can be accomplished by eating less via any method, whether it’s personal resolution, medication, or surgery.

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#1 Diabetes – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinichttps://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20371444

#2 Diabetes: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Typeshttps://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/7104-diabetes

#2 Diabetes Symptoms & Early Warning Signs: Know When to Take Actionhttps://diabetes.org/about-diabetes/warning-signs-symptoms

#3 Early Signs of Diabeteshttps://www.webmd.com/diabetes/understanding-diabetes-symptoms

#4 Diabetes symptoms: When diabetes symptoms are a concernhttps://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/in-depth/diabetes-symptoms/art-20044248

#5 Diabetes Symptoms & Early Warning Signs: Know When to Take Actionhttps://diabetes.org/about-diabetes/warning-signs-symptoms

#6 What Are the Early Symptoms of Type 2 Diabetes? – Scripps Healthhttps://www.scripps.org/news_items/4260-what-are-the-early-signs-of-type-2-diabetes

#7 Diabetes – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinichttps://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20371444

#8 Diabetes symptoms: When diabetes symptoms are a concernhttps://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/in-depth/diabetes-symptoms/art-20044248

#9 Early Signs of Diabeteshttps://www.webmd.com/diabetes/understanding-diabetes-symptoms

#10 Diabetes Symptoms & Early Warning Signs: Know When to Take Actionhttps://diabetes.org/about-diabetes/warning-signs-symptoms

#11 Diabetes symptoms: When diabetes symptoms are a concernhttps://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/in-depth/diabetes-symptoms/art-20044248

#12 Early Signs of Diabeteshttps://www.webmd.com/diabetes/understanding-diabetes-symptoms

#13 Diabetes symptoms: When diabetes symptoms are a concernhttps://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/in-depth/diabetes-symptoms/art-20044248

#14 Diabetes – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinichttps://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20371444

#15 Diabetes symptoms: When diabetes symptoms are a concernhttps://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/in-depth/diabetes-symptoms/art-20044248

#16 Diabetes – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinichttps://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20371444

#17 Symptoms of type 2 diabetes and how it’s diagnosed – NHShttps://www.nhs.uk/conditions/type-2-diabetes/symptoms/

#18 Diabetes – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinichttps://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20371444

#19 Early Signs of Diabeteshttps://www.webmd.com/diabetes/understanding-diabetes-symptoms

#20 Symptoms of type 2 diabetes and how it’s diagnosed – NHShttps://www.nhs.uk/conditions/type-2-diabetes/symptoms/

#21 Diabetes – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinichttps://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20371444

#22 Diabetes – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinichttps://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20371444

#23 Symptoms of Diabetes | Diabetes | CDChttps://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/signs-symptoms/index.html

#24 Differences between type 1 and type 2 diabetes | Diabetes UKhttps://www.diabetes.org.uk/diabetes-the-basics/differences-between-type-1-and-type-2-diabetes

#25 Symptoms of Diabetes | Diabetes | CDChttps://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/signs-symptoms/index.html

#26 Stages of Type 1 | Emory School of Medicinehttps://med.emory.edu/departments/pediatrics/divisions/endocrinology/research/what-is-diabetes/type-1-stages.html

#27 Symptoms of Diabetes | Diabetes | CDChttps://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/signs-symptoms/index.html

#28 Early Signs of Diabeteshttps://www.webmd.com/diabetes/understanding-diabetes-symptoms

#29 Symptoms of Diabetes | Diabetes | CDChttps://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/signs-symptoms/index.html

#30 Diabetes | Type 1 Diabetes | Type 2 Diabetes | MedlinePlushttps://medlineplus.gov/diabetes.html

#31 Type 2 Diabetes: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment | UW MedicineStethascopeHearthttps://www.uwmedicine.org/conditions-symptoms/endocrine-diabetes/type-2-diabetes

#32 Type 2 Diabetes: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatmenthttps://www.webmd.com/diabetes/type-2-diabetes

#33 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) – Hormonal and Metabolic Disorders – Merck Manual Consumer Versionhttps://www.merckmanuals.com/home/hormonal-and-metabolic-disorders/diabetes-mellitus-dm-and-disorders-of-blood-sugar-metabolism/diabetes-mellitus-dm

#34 Stages of Type 1 | Emory School of Medicinehttps://med.emory.edu/departments/pediatrics/divisions/endocrinology/research/what-is-diabetes/type-1-stages.html

#35 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) – Hormonal and Metabolic Disorders – Merck Manual Consumer Versionhttps://www.merckmanuals.com/home/hormonal-and-metabolic-disorders/diabetes-mellitus-dm-and-disorders-of-blood-sugar-metabolism/diabetes-mellitus-dm

#36 Stages and Symptoms of Type 1 Diabeteshttps://www.patientcareonline.com/view/stages-and-symptoms-of-type-1-diabetes

#37 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) – Hormonal and Metabolic Disorders – Merck Manual Consumer Versionhttps://www.merckmanuals.com/home/hormonal-and-metabolic-disorders/diabetes-mellitus-dm-and-disorders-of-blood-sugar-metabolism/diabetes-mellitus-dm

#38 The Progression and Stages of Type 2 Diabeteshttps://www.verywellhealth.com/diabetes-progression-6741465

#39 How type 2 diabetes changes over time: Progression and outlookhttps://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/how-type-2-diabetes-can-change-over-time

#40 Why Type 2 Diabetes Progresses & Medication Changes Over Timehttps://diabetes.org/living-with-diabetes/type-2/how-type-2-diabetes-progresses

#41 How type 2 diabetes changes over time: Progression and outlookhttps://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/how-type-2-diabetes-can-change-over-time

#42 How type 2 diabetes changes over time: Progression and outlookhttps://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/how-type-2-diabetes-can-change-over-time

#43 The Progression and Stages of Type 2 Diabeteshttps://www.verywellhealth.com/diabetes-progression-6741465

#44 Diabetes | Better Health Channelhttps://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/diabetes

#45 The Progression and Stages of Type 2 Diabeteshttps://www.verywellhealth.com/diabetes-progression-6741465

#46 Why Type 2 Diabetes Progresses & Medication Changes Over Timehttps://diabetes.org/living-with-diabetes/type-2/how-type-2-diabetes-progresses

#47 The Progression and Stages of Type 2 Diabeteshttps://www.verywellhealth.com/diabetes-progression-6741465

#48 Stages of Diabetes: Stages, Symptoms, and Treatmentshttps://www.healthline.com/health/diabetes/stages-of-diabetes

#49 Defining and Characterizing the Progression of Type 2 Diabeteshttps://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2811457/

#50 Defining and Characterizing the Progression of Type 2 Diabeteshttps://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2811457/

#51 How type 2 diabetes changes over time: Progression and outlookhttps://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/how-type-2-diabetes-can-change-over-time

#52 Why Type 2 Diabetes Progresses & Medication Changes Over Timehttps://diabetes.org/living-with-diabetes/type-2/how-type-2-diabetes-progresses

#53 How type 2 diabetes changes over time: Progression and outlookhttps://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/how-type-2-diabetes-can-change-over-time

#54 Diabetes – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinichttps://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20371444

#55 Diabetes: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Typeshttps://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/7104-diabetes

#56 Diabetes – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinichttps://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20371444

#57 Diabetes – Causes, symptoms & treatments | BHF – BHFhttps://www.bhf.org.uk/informationsupport/risk-factors/diabetes

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#1 Diabetes – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20371444

#2 Diabetes: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Types
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/7104-diabetes

#2 Diabetes Symptoms & Early Warning Signs: Know When to Take Action
https://diabetes.org/about-diabetes/warning-signs-symptoms

#3 Early Signs of Diabetes
https://www.webmd.com/diabetes/understanding-diabetes-symptoms

#4 Diabetes symptoms: When diabetes symptoms are a concern
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/in-depth/diabetes-symptoms/art-20044248

#5 Diabetes Symptoms & Early Warning Signs: Know When to Take Action
https://diabetes.org/about-diabetes/warning-signs-symptoms

#6 What Are the Early Symptoms of Type 2 Diabetes? – Scripps Health
https://www.scripps.org/news_items/4260-what-are-the-early-signs-of-type-2-diabetes

#7 Diabetes – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20371444

#8 Diabetes symptoms: When diabetes symptoms are a concern
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/in-depth/diabetes-symptoms/art-20044248

#9 Early Signs of Diabetes
https://www.webmd.com/diabetes/understanding-diabetes-symptoms

#10 Diabetes Symptoms & Early Warning Signs: Know When to Take Action
https://diabetes.org/about-diabetes/warning-signs-symptoms

#11 Diabetes symptoms: When diabetes symptoms are a concern
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/in-depth/diabetes-symptoms/art-20044248

#12 Early Signs of Diabetes
https://www.webmd.com/diabetes/understanding-diabetes-symptoms

#13 Diabetes symptoms: When diabetes symptoms are a concern
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/in-depth/diabetes-symptoms/art-20044248

#14 Diabetes – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20371444

#15 Diabetes symptoms: When diabetes symptoms are a concern
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/in-depth/diabetes-symptoms/art-20044248

#16 Diabetes – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20371444

#17 Symptoms of type 2 diabetes and how it’s diagnosed – NHS
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/type-2-diabetes/symptoms/

#18 Diabetes – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20371444

#19 Early Signs of Diabetes
https://www.webmd.com/diabetes/understanding-diabetes-symptoms

#20 Symptoms of type 2 diabetes and how it’s diagnosed – NHS
https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/type-2-diabetes/symptoms/

#21 Diabetes – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20371444

#22 Diabetes – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20371444

#23 Symptoms of Diabetes | Diabetes | CDC
https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/signs-symptoms/index.html

#24 Differences between type 1 and type 2 diabetes | Diabetes UK
https://www.diabetes.org.uk/diabetes-the-basics/differences-between-type-1-and-type-2-diabetes

#25 Symptoms of Diabetes | Diabetes | CDC
https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/signs-symptoms/index.html

#26 Stages of Type 1 | Emory School of Medicine
https://med.emory.edu/departments/pediatrics/divisions/endocrinology/research/what-is-diabetes/type-1-stages.html

#27 Symptoms of Diabetes | Diabetes | CDC
https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/signs-symptoms/index.html

#28 Early Signs of Diabetes
https://www.webmd.com/diabetes/understanding-diabetes-symptoms

#29 Symptoms of Diabetes | Diabetes | CDC
https://www.cdc.gov/diabetes/signs-symptoms/index.html

#30 Diabetes | Type 1 Diabetes | Type 2 Diabetes | MedlinePlus
https://medlineplus.gov/diabetes.html

#31 Type 2 Diabetes: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment | UW MedicineStethascopeHeart
https://www.uwmedicine.org/conditions-symptoms/endocrine-diabetes/type-2-diabetes

#32 Type 2 Diabetes: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment
https://www.webmd.com/diabetes/type-2-diabetes

#33 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) – Hormonal and Metabolic Disorders – Merck Manual Consumer Version
https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/hormonal-and-metabolic-disorders/diabetes-mellitus-dm-and-disorders-of-blood-sugar-metabolism/diabetes-mellitus-dm

#34 Stages of Type 1 | Emory School of Medicine
https://med.emory.edu/departments/pediatrics/divisions/endocrinology/research/what-is-diabetes/type-1-stages.html

#35 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) – Hormonal and Metabolic Disorders – Merck Manual Consumer Version
https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/hormonal-and-metabolic-disorders/diabetes-mellitus-dm-and-disorders-of-blood-sugar-metabolism/diabetes-mellitus-dm

#36 Stages and Symptoms of Type 1 Diabetes
https://www.patientcareonline.com/view/stages-and-symptoms-of-type-1-diabetes

#37 Diabetes Mellitus (DM) – Hormonal and Metabolic Disorders – Merck Manual Consumer Version
https://www.merckmanuals.com/home/hormonal-and-metabolic-disorders/diabetes-mellitus-dm-and-disorders-of-blood-sugar-metabolism/diabetes-mellitus-dm

#38 The Progression and Stages of Type 2 Diabetes
https://www.verywellhealth.com/diabetes-progression-6741465

#39 How type 2 diabetes changes over time: Progression and outlook
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/how-type-2-diabetes-can-change-over-time

#40 Why Type 2 Diabetes Progresses & Medication Changes Over Time
https://diabetes.org/living-with-diabetes/type-2/how-type-2-diabetes-progresses

#41 How type 2 diabetes changes over time: Progression and outlook
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/how-type-2-diabetes-can-change-over-time

#42 How type 2 diabetes changes over time: Progression and outlook
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/how-type-2-diabetes-can-change-over-time

#43 The Progression and Stages of Type 2 Diabetes
https://www.verywellhealth.com/diabetes-progression-6741465

#44 Diabetes | Better Health Channel
https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/diabetes

#45 The Progression and Stages of Type 2 Diabetes
https://www.verywellhealth.com/diabetes-progression-6741465

#46 Why Type 2 Diabetes Progresses & Medication Changes Over Time
https://diabetes.org/living-with-diabetes/type-2/how-type-2-diabetes-progresses

#47 The Progression and Stages of Type 2 Diabetes
https://www.verywellhealth.com/diabetes-progression-6741465

#48 Stages of Diabetes: Stages, Symptoms, and Treatments
https://www.healthline.com/health/diabetes/stages-of-diabetes

#49 Defining and Characterizing the Progression of Type 2 Diabetes
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2811457/

#50 Defining and Characterizing the Progression of Type 2 Diabetes
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC2811457/

#51 How type 2 diabetes changes over time: Progression and outlook
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/how-type-2-diabetes-can-change-over-time

#52 Why Type 2 Diabetes Progresses & Medication Changes Over Time
https://diabetes.org/living-with-diabetes/type-2/how-type-2-diabetes-progresses

#53 How type 2 diabetes changes over time: Progression and outlook
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articles/how-type-2-diabetes-can-change-over-time

#54 Diabetes – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20371444

#55 Diabetes: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Types
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/7104-diabetes

#56 Diabetes – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20371444

#57 Diabetes – Causes, symptoms & treatments | BHF – BHF
https://www.bhf.org.uk/informationsupport/risk-factors/diabetes

#58 Diabetes – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20371444

#59 Type 2 diabetes: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock
https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000313.htm

#60 Diabetes – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20371444

#61 Type 2 diabetes: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock
https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000313.htm

#62 Diabetes – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20371444

#63 Diabetes: Symptoms, causes, treatment | Live Science
https://www.livescience.com/43477-diabetes-symptoms-types.html

#64 Diabetes – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20371444

#65 Diabetes – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20371444

#66 Type 2 diabetes: MedlinePlus Medical EncyclopediaLock
https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/000313.htm

#67 Diabetes: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Types
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/7104-diabetes

#68 What Is Type 2 Diabetes? (for Parents) | Nemours KidsHealth
https://kidshealth.org/en/parents/type2.html

#69 Diabetes – Symptoms and causes – Mayo Clinic
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/symptoms-causes/syc-20371444

#70 Diabetes: Symptoms, Causes, Treatment, Prevention, and More
https://www.healthline.com/health/diabetes

#71 Diabetes: What It Is, Causes, Symptoms, Treatment & Types
https://my.clevelandclinic.org/health/diseases/7104-diabetes

#72
https://www.who.int/health-topics/diabetes

#73 Diabetes symptoms: When diabetes symptoms are a concern
https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/diabetes/in-depth/diabetes-symptoms/art-20044248

#74
https://www.who.int/health-topics/diabetes

#75 The Progression and Stages of Type 2 Diabetes
https://www.verywellhealth.com/diabetes-progression-6741465

#76 Can Diabetes Be Reversed? | Research Spotlight | UCLA Medical School
https://medschool.ucla.edu/news-article/can-diabetes-be-reversed